It has long been posited that rural areas can benefit from nearby urban agglomerations through commuting, and that their development could be a side product of urban growth, but the results from the sparsely populated...It has long been posited that rural areas can benefit from nearby urban agglomerations through commuting, and that their development could be a side product of urban growth, but the results from the sparsely populated regions have not been promising. In this study, we investigate the possibilities of rural-urban commuting to support rural development, and explore the spatial ex-tent of the working regions if jobs are concentrated in the regional centre as indicated by recent trends. Spread effects are simply operated by an economic possibility to rural-urban commuting determined by a sum of housing and commuting costs from disposable income. The results show that the population growth in city regions does not extend to distant rural areas. It, instead, leads to population losses in remote areas due to backwash effects as the low disposable incomes encourage especially low-income households to migrate from remote locations closer to the centre. The spread effects seem to work only in the limited rural areas located next to the urban core which encourages the support of remote rural areas through place-based policy.展开更多
In this paper, multipath temporal spreading distributions of laser pulses are calculated when they travel through the seawater. Individual photon is followed in Monte Carlo calculation A modified Henyey-Greenstein （H...In this paper, multipath temporal spreading distributions of laser pulses are calculated when they travel through the seawater. Individual photon is followed in Monte Carlo calculation A modified Henyey-Greenstein （HG） function is applied to represent the scattering phase function of seawater. This paper proposes a new scaling method, which uses the effective scattering thickness τd to replace the optical thickness used in the traditional scaling technique. This paper compares the temporal spreading distributions of photons on conditions of different attenuation coefficients and target depths. The experiments reveal that these mutual deviations are changing in the range from 0.5% to 5%, so long as the corresponding effective scattering thicknesses τd remains the same. Therefore, a conclusion can be obtained, that the temporal spreading distribution is only dependent on the effective diffusion thickness τd .展开更多
The anti-corruption battle must go deeper,President Xi Jinping said on January 6,calling for strict governance of the Communist Party of China(CPC)systematically,creatively and effectively.Xi,also General Secretary of...The anti-corruption battle must go deeper,President Xi Jinping said on January 6,calling for strict governance of the Communist Party of China(CPC)systematically,creatively and effectively.Xi,also General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee and Chairman of the Central Military Commission。展开更多
The dynamical and static disordered quantum walks were extensively studied recently. It is found that, for the dynamicM disorder case, the transport behavior of particles is diffusive, and for the static disorder ease...The dynamical and static disordered quantum walks were extensively studied recently. It is found that, for the dynamicM disorder case, the transport behavior of particles is diffusive, and for the static disorder ease the transport behavior is localized. In this work, we study the effect of quantum coins on the transport behaviors of the binary disordered quantum walks. We lind that once the coins satisfy certain conditions, the sub-ballistic spreading could be found in binary dynamical disorder quantum walks, and the sub-ballistic, diffusive and sub- diffusive spreadings could be found in binary static disorder quantum walks. We obtain the necessary conditions for those abnormal diffusive behaviors.展开更多
针对类美国末段高空域防御(Terminal High Altitude Area Defense,THAAD)系统的红外导引头外形,开展了气动光学效应计算分析,并将其用于飞行器设计。利用国家数值风洞工程高速流场计算软件NNW-HyFLOW,考虑热化学非平衡效应和材料传热耦...针对类美国末段高空域防御(Terminal High Altitude Area Defense,THAAD)系统的红外导引头外形,开展了气动光学效应计算分析,并将其用于飞行器设计。利用国家数值风洞工程高速流场计算软件NNW-HyFLOW,考虑热化学非平衡效应和材料传热耦合效应,对导引头典型状态的流场进行了模拟,获得了流场的密度、温度、压力等参数和窗口的温度场参数。基于流场参数,利用HyFLOW气动光学传输效应计算功能,开展了红外光学传输成像计算;利用HyFLOW气动光学辐射效应计算模块,开展了流场和光学窗口的热辐射计算。计算结果表明,类THAAD导引头在30 km以上飞行时,流场和光学窗口基本不会影响目标信号的光学传输成像,但流场和窗口的热辐射效应会对导引头识别目标造成影响。不过随着飞行高度的升高,这种影响会减小。展开更多
文摘It has long been posited that rural areas can benefit from nearby urban agglomerations through commuting, and that their development could be a side product of urban growth, but the results from the sparsely populated regions have not been promising. In this study, we investigate the possibilities of rural-urban commuting to support rural development, and explore the spatial ex-tent of the working regions if jobs are concentrated in the regional centre as indicated by recent trends. Spread effects are simply operated by an economic possibility to rural-urban commuting determined by a sum of housing and commuting costs from disposable income. The results show that the population growth in city regions does not extend to distant rural areas. It, instead, leads to population losses in remote areas due to backwash effects as the low disposable incomes encourage especially low-income households to migrate from remote locations closer to the centre. The spread effects seem to work only in the limited rural areas located next to the urban core which encourages the support of remote rural areas through place-based policy.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60572015)
文摘In this paper, multipath temporal spreading distributions of laser pulses are calculated when they travel through the seawater. Individual photon is followed in Monte Carlo calculation A modified Henyey-Greenstein （HG） function is applied to represent the scattering phase function of seawater. This paper proposes a new scaling method, which uses the effective scattering thickness τd to replace the optical thickness used in the traditional scaling technique. This paper compares the temporal spreading distributions of photons on conditions of different attenuation coefficients and target depths. The experiments reveal that these mutual deviations are changing in the range from 0.5% to 5%, so long as the corresponding effective scattering thicknesses τd remains the same. Therefore, a conclusion can be obtained, that the temporal spreading distribution is only dependent on the effective diffusion thickness τd .
文摘The anti-corruption battle must go deeper,President Xi Jinping said on January 6,calling for strict governance of the Communist Party of China(CPC)systematically,creatively and effectively.Xi,also General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee and Chairman of the Central Military Commission。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11175087the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2009CB929501the Project on Graduate Students’Education and Innovation of Jiangsu Province under Grant No CXZZ13_0392
文摘The dynamical and static disordered quantum walks were extensively studied recently. It is found that, for the dynamicM disorder case, the transport behavior of particles is diffusive, and for the static disorder ease the transport behavior is localized. In this work, we study the effect of quantum coins on the transport behaviors of the binary disordered quantum walks. We lind that once the coins satisfy certain conditions, the sub-ballistic spreading could be found in binary dynamical disorder quantum walks, and the sub-ballistic, diffusive and sub- diffusive spreadings could be found in binary static disorder quantum walks. We obtain the necessary conditions for those abnormal diffusive behaviors.
文摘针对类美国末段高空域防御(Terminal High Altitude Area Defense,THAAD)系统的红外导引头外形,开展了气动光学效应计算分析,并将其用于飞行器设计。利用国家数值风洞工程高速流场计算软件NNW-HyFLOW,考虑热化学非平衡效应和材料传热耦合效应,对导引头典型状态的流场进行了模拟,获得了流场的密度、温度、压力等参数和窗口的温度场参数。基于流场参数,利用HyFLOW气动光学传输效应计算功能,开展了红外光学传输成像计算;利用HyFLOW气动光学辐射效应计算模块,开展了流场和光学窗口的热辐射计算。计算结果表明,类THAAD导引头在30 km以上飞行时,流场和光学窗口基本不会影响目标信号的光学传输成像,但流场和窗口的热辐射效应会对导引头识别目标造成影响。不过随着飞行高度的升高,这种影响会减小。
