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Near-Surface Wind-Speed Stilling in Alaska during 1984-2016 and Its Impact on the Sustainability of Wind Power
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作者 Gerhard Kramm Nicole Molders +1 位作者 John Cooney Ralph Dlugi 《Journal of Power and Energy Engineering》 2019年第7期71-124,共54页
Based on wind-speed records of Alaska’s 19 first-order weather stations, we analyzed the near-surface wind-speed stilling for January 1, 1984 to December 31, 2016. With exception of Big Delta that indicates an increa... Based on wind-speed records of Alaska’s 19 first-order weather stations, we analyzed the near-surface wind-speed stilling for January 1, 1984 to December 31, 2016. With exception of Big Delta that indicates an increase of 0.0157 m·s–1·a–1, on average, all other first-order weather stations show declining trends in the near-surface wind speeds. In most cases, the average trends are less then?–0.0300?m·s–1·a–1. The strongest average trend of?–0.0500?m·s–1·a–1 occurred at Homer, followed by?–0.0492?m·s–1·a–1 at Bettles, and?–0.0453?m·s–1·a–1 at Yakutat, while the declining trend at Barrow is marginal. The impact of the near-surface wind-speed stilling on the wind-power potential expressed by the wind-power density was predicted and compared with the wind-power classification of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and the Alaska Energy Authority. This wind-power potential is, however, of subordinate importance because wind turbines only extract a fraction of the kinetic energy from the wind field characterized by the power efficiency. Since wind turbine technology has notably improved during the past 35 years, we hypothetically used seven currently available wind turbines of different rated power and three different shear exponents to assess the wind-power sustainability under changing wind regimes. The shear exponents 1/10, 1/7, and 1/5 served to examine the range of wind power for various conditions of thermal stratification. Based on our analysis for January 1, 1984 to December 31, 2016, Cold Bay, St. Paul Island, Kotzebue, and Bethel would be very good candidates for wind farms. To quantify the impact of a changing wind regime on wind-power sustainability, we predicted wind power for the periods January 1, 1984 to December 31, 1994 and January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2016 as well. Besides Big Delta that suggests an increase in wind power of up to 12% for 1/7, predicted wind power decreased at all sites with the highest decline at Annette (≈38%), Kodiak (≈30%), King Salmon (≈26%), and Kotzebue (≈24%), where the effect of the shear exponents was marginal. Bethel (up to 20%) and Cold Bay (up to 14%) also show remarkable decreases in predicted wind power. 展开更多
关键词 Near-Surface Wind Speed Wind Power Wind-Power Potential Wind-Power Density Wind-Speed stilling Energy Flux Budget Sensible and Latent Heat
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Stilling and its Aerodynamic Effects on Pan Evaporation
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作者 Qiang Liu Sirui Yan +1 位作者 Liqiao Liang Liya Su 《Hydro Science & Marine Engineering》 2020年第2期12-19,共8页
Declines in wind speed(u)(termed as“stilling”)has been reported in many regions of the world.To explore the temporal trends of u and its aerodynamic effects is vital to understand the changes in water resources.This... Declines in wind speed(u)(termed as“stilling”)has been reported in many regions of the world.To explore the temporal trends of u and its aerodynamic effects is vital to understand the changes in water resources.This study analyzed the changes of temporal trends for u and its aerodynamic effects using the data during 1959-2000 at 266 stations across China.The improved PenPan model was used to estimate pan evaporation(Epan)and quantify the contribution of radiative and aerodynamic components(aerodynamic component separated into wind speed u,vapour pressure deficit D,and air temperature Ta).Climate factors include Epan measured with the standard Chinese 20 cm diameter pan,u,Ta,relative humidity(rh)and sunshine hours(sh).The results showed:stilling occurred in most of stations(206 among 266)and 105 stations presented significant decreasing trends at 99%confidence level;stilling was the main cause for controlling the trends in Epan in most part of China,especially in the west and north of China.The results indicated that decreasing trends in Epan due to stilling would inevitably alter water resources,and should be put further investigation incorporation other factors. 展开更多
关键词 Wind speed Pan evaporation stilling PenPan model Aerodynamic effect
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NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE ENERGY DISSIPATION CHARACTERISTICS IN STILLING BASIN OF MULTI-HORIZONTAL SUBMERGED JETS 被引量:13
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作者 CHEN Jian-gang ZHANG Jian-min XU Wei-lin WANG Yu-rong 《Journal of Hydrodynamics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2010年第5期732-741,共10页
3-D numerical simulation was carried out for the water flow in a stilling basin with multi-horizontal submerged jets by using two different turbulence models, namely, the VOF RNG k-ε and Mixture RNG k-ε turbulence m... 3-D numerical simulation was carried out for the water flow in a stilling basin with multi-horizontal submerged jets by using two different turbulence models, namely, the VOF RNG k-ε and Mixture RNG k-ε turbulence models. The calculated water depth, velocity profile and pressure distribution are in good agreement with the data obtained in experiments. It indicates that the numerical simulation can effectively be used to study the water flow movement and the energy dissipation mechanism. The numerical simulation results show that the turbulent kinetic energy distribution obtained by using the Mixture turbulence model covers a region about 18% larger than that calculated by using the VOF turbulence model, and is in better agreement with the actual situation. Furthermore, the Mixture turbulence model is better than the VOF turbulence model in calculating the air entrainment. 展开更多
关键词 multi-horizontal submerged jets numerical simulation VOF method Mixture method hydraulic characteristics stilling basin
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Has the stilling of the surface wind speed ended in China? 被引量:8
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作者 Qing YANG Mingxing LI +1 位作者 Ziqing ZU Zhuguo MA 《Science China Earth Sciences》 SCIE EI CSCD 2021年第7期1036-1049,共14页
Since the 1960 s,the global land surface wind speed(SWS)has significantly weakened,a phenomenon known as global terrestrial stilling.The latest research found that the stilling reversed around 2010,and since then the ... Since the 1960 s,the global land surface wind speed(SWS)has significantly weakened,a phenomenon known as global terrestrial stilling.The latest research found that the stilling reversed around 2010,and since then the global SWS has been strengthening.However,there is still a lack of systematic quantitative analysis in China.We analyzed the transition and regional differences in the long-term trends of the SWS in China based on observational SWS data from 1971 to 2019.The results showed that annual mean SWS in China underwent a reversal from a continuously weakening trend to a significantly strengthening trend around 2014 and implying that stilling may have ended in 2014.The reversal had obvious regional and seasonal variations.In Northeast China,Western Xinjiang as well as on the Tibetan Plateau,the years with both annual and seasonal mean SWS changing from weakening to strengthening were around 2013/2014,1993/1994,and 2000.However,in the west of North China,SWS showed an obviously strengthening trend only in autumn and winter after 2007;while only autumn mean SWS showed a strengthening trend after 2012 in South China.It should be noted that stilling is ongoing in the eastern and southern coastal areas,North China and Eastern Xinjiang. 展开更多
关键词 Surface wind speed stilling REVERSAL Strengthening trend
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Particle image velocimetry measurements of vortex structures in stilling basin of multi-horizontal submerged jets 被引量:8
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作者 陈剑刚 张建民 +2 位作者 许唯临 栗帅 何小泷 《Journal of Hydrodynamics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2013年第4期556-563,共8页
Measurements of turbulent flow fields in a stilling basin of multi-horizontal submerged jets were made with the single- camera Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The particle images were captured, processed, and subs... Measurements of turbulent flow fields in a stilling basin of multi-horizontal submerged jets were made with the single- camera Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The particle images were captured, processed, and subsequently used to characterize the flow in terms of the 2-D velocity and vorticity distributions. This study shows that the maximum close-to-bed velocity in the stilling basin is approximately reduced by 60%, comparing to the jet velocity at the outlet of orifices. The jet velocity is distributed evenly at the latter half of the stilling basin and the time-averaged velocity of the cross section is reduced by 77%-85%, comparing to the jet velocity at the outlet of orifices. These results show that the vortices with horizontal axes are continuously repeated during the form-merge-split-disappear process. The vertical vortices are continuously formed and disappeared, they appear randomly near the slab and intermittently reach the slab of the stilling basin. The range of these vortices is small. Vortices with horizontal axes and ver- tical vortices do not coincide in space and the vortices with horizontal axes only affect the position of the tail of the vertical vortices attached to the slab of the stilling basin. 展开更多
关键词 multi-horizontal submerged jets Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) vortex structure stilling basin hydraulic jump
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Experimental investigation of the optimization of stilling basin with shallowwater cushion used for low Froude number energy dissipation 被引量:2
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作者 李连侠 廖华胜 +1 位作者 刘达 蒋胜银 《Journal of Hydrodynamics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2015年第4期522-529,共8页
Energy dissipations induced by the hydraulic jump and the trajectory jet are the most widely known as the two dissipation modes at the downstream of flood discharging structures, which are often considered quite diffe... Energy dissipations induced by the hydraulic jump and the trajectory jet are the most widely known as the two dissipation modes at the downstream of flood discharging structures, which are often considered quite different even contradictory. However, such two energy dissipators can be used jointly and harmonically. In this paper, a new type of stilling basin with a shallow-water cushion and a triangular bottom deflector is proposed based on two different scale physical model tests of the flood discharging tunnel No.2 of Luding hydropower project. The experimental results show that the flow regime of the hydraulic jump in the presented stilling basin with bottom deflector enjoys a good and stable performance within a large range of flow rates and the energy dissipation rate is considerably high as compared to the conventional stilling basin even at a low Froude number. The results also indicate that the stilling basin with triangular bottom deflector has a better performance in improving the potential cavitation erosion according to the analysis of the pressure and the cavitation number compared to the trapezoidal one. The proposed new type of shallow-cushion stilling basin with a shallow-water cushion can be applied in similar energy dissipation projects with low Froude number and large range of flow rates. 展开更多
关键词 stilling basin shallow-water cushion energy dissipation low Froude number bottom deflector
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REDUCTION OF STILLING BASIN LENGTH WITH TALL END SILL 被引量:2
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作者 FATHI-MOGHADAM Manoochehr HAGHIGHIPOUR Sadegh +1 位作者 LASHKAR-ARA Babak AGHTOUMAN Peyman 《Journal of Hydrodynamics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2011年第4期498-502,共5页
Experiments were conducted to characterize forced hydraulic jumps in stilling basins for enforced cases due to tail water level or dam site arrangement and construction. The case with a single tall sill was simulated ... Experiments were conducted to characterize forced hydraulic jumps in stilling basins for enforced cases due to tail water level or dam site arrangement and construction. The case with a single tall sill was simulated in a horizontal flume downstream of a sluice gate. Results of experiments are compared with the classical hydraulic jump, and significant effect of tall sill on dissipation of energy in shorter distance was confirmed. Furthermore, the generated jumps were classified based on the ratio of sill height to basin length, and a simple design criterion was proposed to estimate the basin length for a desired jump and particular inflow. 展开更多
关键词 forced hydraulic jump energy dissipater SILL stilling basin length
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Tempospatial Pattern of Surface Wind Speed and the “Urban Stilling Island” in Beijing City 被引量:1
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作者 Ping YANG Guoyu REN +1 位作者 Pengcheng YAN Jingmian DENG 《Journal of Meteorological Research》 SCIE CSCD 2020年第5期986-996,共11页
An hourly-resolution dataset from observations at the automatic weather stations(AWSs) is developed and applied to study the characteristics of weakening surface wind in the urban areas of Beijing City in 2008–2017. ... An hourly-resolution dataset from observations at the automatic weather stations(AWSs) is developed and applied to study the characteristics of weakening surface wind in the urban areas of Beijing City in 2008–2017. The "Urban Stilling Island(USI)" is defined and quantified to depict the surface wind speed(WS) differences between rural and urban regions. The urban(rural) sites are represented by 45(6) stations within(outside) the 6th Ring Road(RR). The results demonstrate remarkable smaller annual and seasonal average WS values in urban areas than in rural areas, indicating significant USI, especially in the central urban areas(within the 4th RR) in spring and winter. Further analysis reveals that the surface roughness effect dominates and enhances the USI intensity(USII) under the stronger large-scale background wind in spring and winter, whereas the Urban Heat Island(UHI) effect may dominate and decrease the USII under weaker large-scale wind in summer and autumn. The diurnal USII variations are characterized by a steady low-value phase from 1900 to 0800 Beijing Time(BT) and a high-value phase from 1100 to 1500 BT,with rapid shifts of USII in between. Long-term variation of hourly USII shows large mean USII in 2008–2012 but decreased USII in 2013–2017, possibly attributed to the change of urbanization level around the rural observation sites. 展开更多
关键词 wind speed(WS) Urban stilling Island(USI) surface roughness Urban Heat Island(UHI) BEIJING
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EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON FREQUENCY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FLUCTUATING PRESSURE ACTING ON THE APRON OF STILLING BASINS WITH LOW FROUDE NUMBER
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作者 Ding Zhuo-yi Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan Hubei 430010,P.R.China 《Journal of Hydrodynamics》 SCIE EI CSCD 1992年第4期21-26,共6页
Using four types of stilling basin models,this paper studies frequency characteris- tics of the fluctuating pressure acting on the stilling basin apron when Froude number is not greater than 4.5.The testing results sh... Using four types of stilling basin models,this paper studies frequency characteris- tics of the fluctuating pressure acting on the stilling basin apron when Froude number is not greater than 4.5.The testing results show that the frequency of fluctuating pressure,f_s in the ranges of 0. 4Hz≤f_s≤1.1Hz.0.2Hz≤f_s≤2.5Hz and 0.4Hz≤f_s≤3.3Hz.can be used as the design frequency corresponding to three patterns of hydraulic jump.The reliability of f_s for three jump patterns is all nearly equal to 90%. 展开更多
关键词 frequency characteristics fluctuating pressure stilling basin apron
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一种D-A-D型有机半导体的合成以及其供体结构对其光物理性质的影响
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作者 李红杰 李力 +7 位作者 黄帅 王发钰 余萌 焦颖琦 张修华 王升富 张跃兴 何汉平 《湖北大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 2023年第6期823-832,共10页
苯并三氮唑(BTA)是一种具有苯并杂环的缺电子分子,其共轭骨架上的吸电子亚胺基团能够诱导高电子传输能力,常作为强受体单元来合成高性能的有机半导体材料.这里我们以5,6-二氟-2-(2-己基癸基)-4,7-双(5-(三甲基甲锡烷基)噻吩-2-基)2H-苯... 苯并三氮唑(BTA)是一种具有苯并杂环的缺电子分子,其共轭骨架上的吸电子亚胺基团能够诱导高电子传输能力,常作为强受体单元来合成高性能的有机半导体材料.这里我们以5,6-二氟-2-(2-己基癸基)-4,7-双(5-(三甲基甲锡烷基)噻吩-2-基)2H-苯并三氮唑(ff-BTA)为受体单元,三苯胺类衍生物为供体单元,设计合成一系列D-A-D型有机半导体.同时,在三苯胺供体上引入供电子基团(—OCH_(3))和吸电子基团(—NO_(2)、—CN、—CHO),得到5种不同结构的D-A-D型化合物,并研究不同基团对该半导体的光电物理性质的影响.结果表明,通过供体结构的变化确实可以调控该半导体的光电性质,例如给电子基团会使该半导体的吸收和发射波长红移,吸电子基团的引入可以降低材料的HOMO和LUMO能级,而且该类小分子半导体材料还具有较强并稳定的光电流响应. 展开更多
关键词 三苯胺类衍生物 供/吸电子基团 Stille偶联 光电性能
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A Comparative Study of Lao-tzu’s“Xu Jing”and Buddhism’s“Stillness”
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作者 YAN Feifei 《Journal of Philosophy Study》 2023年第2期55-59,共5页
“Stillness”,as the Vimoksha state of Buddhism’s Nirvana state,is the ultimate experience of religious practice.It has rich connotations.Firstly,“Stillness”is an ultimate aesthetic experience;secondly,“Stillness... “Stillness”,as the Vimoksha state of Buddhism’s Nirvana state,is the ultimate experience of religious practice.It has rich connotations.Firstly,“Stillness”is an ultimate aesthetic experience;secondly,“Stillness”means transcending real society,the secular world and utility.In Lao-tzu’s thought,“To the Ultimate,You Yourself Empty”,“Remain in Silence and Clarity”,“Anātman”,etc.,are presented,showing that Buddhism and Lao-tzu have some commonalities.Based on the text,this article will make a simple comparative analysis,after separately discussing Lao-tzu’s“Xu Jing”and Buddhism’s“Silence”,in order to show their similarities and differences more fully and objectively. 展开更多
关键词 “Xu Jing” “Stillness” Lao-tzu BUDDHISM
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吸附在Si(001)表面二聚体相互作用的分子动力学模拟 被引量:2
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作者 王昶清 唐春娟 +1 位作者 赵慧仙 贾瑜 《河南大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 北大核心 2009年第6期581-585,共5页
采用Stillinger-Weber原子间相互作用势,对吸附在Si(001)表面上的二聚体之间的相互作用进行了分子动力学模拟.通过对它们之间相互作用的分子动力学模拟,发现不同的二聚体之间相互作用会形成不同类型的四聚体结构.本文给出两种通过二聚... 采用Stillinger-Weber原子间相互作用势,对吸附在Si(001)表面上的二聚体之间的相互作用进行了分子动力学模拟.通过对它们之间相互作用的分子动力学模拟,发现不同的二聚体之间相互作用会形成不同类型的四聚体结构.本文给出两种通过二聚体之间的相互作用形成四聚体结构的途径.模拟还发现这样的四聚体结构在一定温度下是相当稳定的,而且它们的结合位形类似于B型台阶,有利于吸附新的原子形成外延层. 展开更多
关键词 stillinger—Weber势 分子动力学模拟 二聚体 Si(001)表面 四聚体 扩散
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Si原子在Si(001)表面及其台阶附近扩散的分子动力学模拟 被引量:1
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作者 王昶清 秦臻 +1 位作者 王春雷 贾瑜 《洛阳理工学院学报(自然科学版)》 2008年第2期8-12,17,共6页
采用Stillinger-Weber势,利用分子动力学方法模拟了Si原子在Si(001)表面和该表面单层台阶附近扩散的动力学过程。(1)给出单个Si原子在Si(001)表面垂直于二聚体排方向扩散的扩散路径和扩散机制。Si原子在Si(001)表面垂直于二聚体排方向... 采用Stillinger-Weber势,利用分子动力学方法模拟了Si原子在Si(001)表面和该表面单层台阶附近扩散的动力学过程。(1)给出单个Si原子在Si(001)表面垂直于二聚体排方向扩散的扩散路径和扩散机制。Si原子在Si(001)表面垂直于二聚体排方向扩散能够减弱Si原子在Si(001)表面扩散的各向异性。(2)模拟不仅给出与以往文献中原子从SA台阶下台面扩散到上台面相同的扩散路径而且还给出原子从成键的SB台阶上台面扩散到下台面的一种新的扩散机制:增原子通过与表面原子之间的交换。从而解释实验上观察到的Si(001)表面双层原子台阶形成的机制。无论是单个Si原子在Si(001)表面垂直于二聚体排方向扩散还是在Si(001)表面的单层台阶附近扩散,增原子和表面原子之间的交换机制都起着重要的作用。 展开更多
关键词 表面扩散 分子动力学模拟 台阶 Si(001)表面 stillinger—Weber势
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液态锗快速凝固过程中的分子动力学模拟 被引量:3
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作者 朱长银 谢泉 高廷红 《贵州大学学报(自然科学版)》 2011年第1期19-22,共4页
本文采用Stillinger-Weber势函数,对液态锗的快速凝固过程进行了分子动力学模拟,运用均方位移(mean square displacement,MSD),对相关函数(pair correlation function PCF),配位数(coordination number)和Wendt-Abraham关系式分析锗快... 本文采用Stillinger-Weber势函数,对液态锗的快速凝固过程进行了分子动力学模拟,运用均方位移(mean square displacement,MSD),对相关函数(pair correlation function PCF),配位数(coordination number)和Wendt-Abraham关系式分析锗快速凝固过程中微观结构的变化。模拟得到液态锗的对相关函数和实验基本一致,说明Stillinger-Weber势准确反映了锗原子之间的受力情况,Stillinger-Weber势模拟锗的熔点在2100 K左右。冷却过程中,对相关函数第一峰随温度的降低而逐渐变尖锐,第二峰逐渐分裂为前低后高的两个次峰,由此表明快速凝固过程中得到的是非晶态锗。模拟结果表明,锗凝固的温度范围是1200-600 K,玻璃转化温度Tg为646 K. 展开更多
关键词 分子动力学模拟 stillinger-Weber势 液态锗 对相关函数 HA键型指数法
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钯催化Stille交叉偶联反应研究新进展 被引量:19
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作者 王德平 张旭东 +1 位作者 梁云 李金恒 《有机化学》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第1期19-26,共8页
综述了钯催化Stille交叉偶联反应的最新研究进展,主要包括三个方面:(1)有机锡化合物与有机亲电试剂如卤代芳香烃、卤代烷烃、酰氯等的反应;(2)Stille反应的机理;(3)Stille反应在有机合成中的应用.
关键词 有机亲电试剂 Stille交叉偶联反应 有机锡化合物
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含(R)或(S)-1,1′-联萘和噁二唑单元的手性高分子合成与性质研究 被引量:2
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作者 陈令武 成义祥 +1 位作者 宋金峰 邹小伟 《高等学校化学学报》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2005年第9期1747-1751,共5页
在Pd(PPh3)4催化下,将单体(S)-6,6′-二溴-2,2′-二正丁氧基-1,1′-联萘[(S)-M-1]和(R)-6,6′-二溴-2,2′-二正丁氧基-1,1′-联萘[(R)-M-1]分别与2,5-二(4-三正丁基锡基苯)-1,3,4-噁二唑(M-2)通过Stille交叉耦合反应合成了手性高分子P-1... 在Pd(PPh3)4催化下,将单体(S)-6,6′-二溴-2,2′-二正丁氧基-1,1′-联萘[(S)-M-1]和(R)-6,6′-二溴-2,2′-二正丁氧基-1,1′-联萘[(R)-M-1]分别与2,5-二(4-三正丁基锡基苯)-1,3,4-噁二唑(M-2)通过Stille交叉耦合反应合成了手性高分子P-1与P-2,并用1HNMR、13CNMR、FTIR、UV、热分析、荧光光谱、GPC和CD等分析方法进行了表征.手性高分子P-1和P-2都能发射较强的蓝色荧光;在高分子侧链上引入丁氧基后使得手性高分子的溶解性能增强,并具有良好的成膜性能;在高分子主链引入亲电子的噁二唑生色团能使其特别适合于作为空穴电子传输层,对氧和热特别稳定,是一类潜在的光电高分子材料. 展开更多
关键词 (R)/(S)-BINOL 手性高分子 荧光光谱 圆二色谱 Stille反应
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1,4-二(5’-醛基噻吩基-2’)-2,5-二辛氧基苯的合成、表征及荧光性质 被引量:1
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作者 李盛彪 赵丽凤 +6 位作者 苏津津 唐超 朱兴荣 范曲立 韦玮 彭波 黄维 《华中师范大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS CSCD 2007年第2期236-240,共5页
设计、合成了结构新颖的1,4-二(5’-醛基噻吩基-2’)-2,5-二辛氧基苯,并对其结构进行了表征.应用钯催化剂以三丁基锡噻吩与取代的对-二溴苯(3)反应(Stille偶合)生成取代的苯基噻吩(4),产率达到95.2%.由于目标产物(5)本身具有多芳环共轭... 设计、合成了结构新颖的1,4-二(5’-醛基噻吩基-2’)-2,5-二辛氧基苯,并对其结构进行了表征.应用钯催化剂以三丁基锡噻吩与取代的对-二溴苯(3)反应(Stille偶合)生成取代的苯基噻吩(4),产率达到95.2%.由于目标产物(5)本身具有多芳环共轭体系,其荧光效应相当强烈,在氯仿溶液中紫外-可见吸收(UV-vis)和荧光发射(PL)的最大波长分别为413nm和477nm,固态荧光发射(PL)波长为504nm. 展开更多
关键词 合成 Stille偶合 共轭化合物 荧光性质
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2位取代嘌呤衍生物的合成研究 被引量:2
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作者 刘福胜 于世涛 +1 位作者 葛晓萍 杨锦宗 《高等学校化学学报》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2003年第9期1592-1598,共7页
对2-碘-9-苄基嘌呤与有机锡试剂RSnBu_3之间的Stille偶合反应以及2-乙烯基-9-苄基嘌呤中的乙烯基的亲核加成和环加成反应进行了研究,合成出了一系列新的2位取代的嘌呤衍生物.化合物的结构均经元素分析、~1H NMR、^(13)C NMR和MS确证.提... 对2-碘-9-苄基嘌呤与有机锡试剂RSnBu_3之间的Stille偶合反应以及2-乙烯基-9-苄基嘌呤中的乙烯基的亲核加成和环加成反应进行了研究,合成出了一系列新的2位取代的嘌呤衍生物.化合物的结构均经元素分析、~1H NMR、^(13)C NMR和MS确证.提出2-乙烯基-9-苄基嘌呤与苯硫酚的反应机理为氧化加成而非亲核加成,采用单晶X射线衍射法对主要产物的结构进行了确认. 展开更多
关键词 2位取代 嘌呤衍生物 生物医学 药物活性 合成 2-碘-嘌呤 2-乙烯基-嘌呤 Stille偶合反应 亲核加成 环加成反应
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8-R-9苄基-9H-嘌呤衍生物的合成研究 被引量:5
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作者 刘福胜 杨锦宗 《精细化工》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2002年第4期189-192,共4页
采用 (Ph3 P) 2 PdCl2 为催化剂 ,DMF为溶剂 ,对 8 碘 9 苄基 9H 嘌呤与有机锡试剂RSnBu3 (R=乙烯基、2 噻吩基、2 呋喃基、苯乙炔基和苯基等 )之间的Stille偶合反应进行了研究 ,合成出了5种 8位取代的嘌呤衍生物。在反应温度为 80℃... 采用 (Ph3 P) 2 PdCl2 为催化剂 ,DMF为溶剂 ,对 8 碘 9 苄基 9H 嘌呤与有机锡试剂RSnBu3 (R=乙烯基、2 噻吩基、2 呋喃基、苯乙炔基和苯基等 )之间的Stille偶合反应进行了研究 ,合成出了5种 8位取代的嘌呤衍生物。在反应温度为 80℃ ,n(8 碘 9 苄基 9H 嘌呤 )∶n (RSnBu3 )∶n〔(Ph3 P) 2 PdCl2 〕 =1 0∶1 2∶0 0 5的较佳工艺条件下 ,产品收率 4 1%~ 91%。用1H NMR、13 C 展开更多
关键词 Stille偶合反应 (Ph3P)2PdCl2催化剂 药物 8-R-9-苄基-9H-嘌呤衍生物 合成 研究
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铯盐促进的有机反应 被引量:3
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作者 段新方 张站斌 《有机化学》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第4期573-578,共6页
铯盐如Cs2CO3,CsF等因在钯催化碳碳偶联,N,O,S的烃基化反应中表现出良好的性能而引起了人们的广泛关注.介绍了铯盐在钯催化的Suzuki,Heck,Stille,Sonogashira反应,烯醇盐的芳基化,酚类的邻位芳基化以及羰基化反应中的促进作用.同时还对... 铯盐如Cs2CO3,CsF等因在钯催化碳碳偶联,N,O,S的烃基化反应中表现出良好的性能而引起了人们的广泛关注.介绍了铯盐在钯催化的Suzuki,Heck,Stille,Sonogashira反应,烯醇盐的芳基化,酚类的邻位芳基化以及羰基化反应中的促进作用.同时还对铯盐参与的N,O,S等的烃基化反应进行了讨论,并侧重于与其他碱金属盐的对比. 展开更多
关键词 铯盐 SUZUKI反应 Heck反应 Stille反应 Sonogashira反应 烷基化 芳基化
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