A novel process was developed for the decomposition of vanadium slag using KOH sub-molten salt under ambient pressure, and the effects of reaction temperature, alkali-to-ore mass ratios, particle size, and stirring sp...A novel process was developed for the decomposition of vanadium slag using KOH sub-molten salt under ambient pressure, and the effects of reaction temperature, alkali-to-ore mass ratios, particle size, and stirring speed on vanadium and chromium extraction were studied. The results suggest that the reaction temperature and KOH-to-ore mass ratio are more influential factors for the extraction of vanadium and chromium. Under the optimal reaction conditions （temperature 180 °C, initial KOH-to-ore mass ratio 4：1, stirring speed 700 r/min, gas flow 1 L/min, and reaction time 300 min）, vanadium and chromium extraction rates can reach up to 95% and 90%, respectively. Kinetics analysis results show that the decomposing process of vanadium slag in KOH sub-molten salt can be well interpreted by the shrinking core model under internal diffusion control. The apparent activation energies for vanadium and chromium are 40.54 and 50.27 kJ/mol, respectively.展开更多
Viewing the problem of high ene rgy consumption in the process of recovering rare earths from rare earth molten salt electrolysis slag,an environmentally friendly and low carbon process by sub-molten salt decompositio...Viewing the problem of high ene rgy consumption in the process of recovering rare earths from rare earth molten salt electrolysis slag,an environmentally friendly and low carbon process by sub-molten salt decomposition was developed.The thermodynamic analysis of sub-molten salt reaction indicates that the recovery of rare earths from the slag using sub-molten salt medium is thermodynamically feasible.In this process,the rare earth fluoride and lithium in the slag are almost transformed into rare earth hydroxide,sodium fluoride and lithium hydroxide,fluorine and lithium are transferred into the washing solution,and the rare earths in the residues can be leached into solution by acid leaching.Under the optimum reaction conditions of reaction temperature 200℃,reaction time 3 h,NaOH initial concentration 80%,NaOH-Slag mass ratio 3:1,the leaching efficiency of rare earths,fluorine and lithium can reach to 99.05%,98.23% and 99.22%.After evaporation,the fluorine and lithium in the washing solution can be obtained in the forms of sodium fluoride and lithium fluoride,the recovery efficiency reach 95.5%and 92.8%,respectively.The RE oxides(99.53%) can be obtained from the leaching solution after precipitation and roasting.展开更多
We described a method for obtaining fluorine-free Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2)MXene phases by melting copper in CuCl_(2)instead of aluminum in Ti_(3)AlC_(2).XRD results show that when molten salt CuCl_(2)etches Ti_(3)AlC_(2),it ...We described a method for obtaining fluorine-free Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2)MXene phases by melting copper in CuCl_(2)instead of aluminum in Ti_(3)AlC_(2).XRD results show that when molten salt CuCl_(2)etches Ti_(3)AlC_(2),it forms an intermediate product Ti_(3)CuC_(2),and then reacts with Ti_(3)CuC_(2)to obtain Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2).The reaction of Ti_(3)AlC_(2)and CuCl_(2)at a temperature of 800℃for 2 h to obtain Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2)with an optimal lamellar structure is shown in SEM results.The pseudopotential plane-wave(PP-PW)method is used to calculate on the electronic structure.The etching mechanism is investigated by the total energies of each substance.The chemical reaction of Ti_(3)AlC_(2)and CuCl_(2)will first become Ti_(3)CuC_(2)and Cu,and then become Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2)during the Lewis acid etching process,which are consistent with the experimental results.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to propose a new entropy weight fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method for assessing cotton salt tolerance, realizing the objective, accurate and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of ...[Objective] The aim was to propose a new entropy weight fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method for assessing cotton salt tolerance, realizing the objective, accurate and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of cotton. [Method] A sand culture experiment under salt stress of 150 mmol/L of NaCI was designed. The in- dicator weight was determined with the entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evalu- ation method, based on the salt injury index of indicators. The salt tolerance of cotton was evaluated comprehensively. [Result] At the germination stage, the entropy and weight of salt injury index of germination energy, vigor index, hypocotyl length and fresh weight were highest, followed by germination rate and germination index, and of root length were lowest. At the seedling stage, the entropy and weight of salt injury index of plasma membrane permeability, root vigor and leaf expansion rate were highest, followed by plant height and net photosynthetic rate, and of shoot dry weight and root dry weight were lowest. The salt tolerance of cotton differed a- mong growth stages and cultivars. Among the 11 cultivars, CCRI-44 and CCRI-75 were steadily salt-tolerant at both germination and seedling stages; CCRI-17, Sumi- an 22, Sumian 15 and Dexiamianl had a stable moderate salt tolerance; while Sumian 12 and Simian 3 were steadily salt-sensitive. [Conclusion] The evaluated result was objective and exact, which indicated that this method could be used in comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of cotton.展开更多
Hydro-sodalites are zeolitic materials with a wide variety of applications.Fly ash is an abundant industrial solid waste,rich in silicon and aluminum,from which hydro-sodalite can be synthesized.However,traditional hy...Hydro-sodalites are zeolitic materials with a wide variety of applications.Fly ash is an abundant industrial solid waste,rich in silicon and aluminum,from which hydro-sodalite can be synthesized.However,traditional hydrothermal synthesis methods are complex and cannot produce high-purity products.Therefore,there is a demand for processing routes to obtain high-purity hydro-sodalites.In the present study,high-purity hydro-sodalite(90.2 wt%)was prepared from fly ash by applying a hydrothermal method to a submolten salt system.Samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis(TG–DTA),and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)to confirm and quantify conversion of the raw material into the product phase.Purity of the samples prepared with an H2O/Na OH mass ratio of 1.5 and an H2O/fly ash mass ratio of 10 was calculated and the conversion process of the product phase was studied.Crystallinity of the product was influenced more by the Na OH concentration,less by the H2O/fly ash mass ratio.The main reaction process of the system is that the Si O ions produced by dissolution of the vitreous body in the fly ash and Na+ions in the solution reacted on the destroyed mullite skeleton to produce hydro-sodalite.This processing route could help mitigate processing difficulties,while producing high-purity hydro-sodalite from fly ash.展开更多
The structure and properties of molten salt solution o J Li,K|F,Cl system have been investiged by computerized simulation of molecular dynamic method.The partial RDF,the partial molar energy of mixing and the diffusio...The structure and properties of molten salt solution o J Li,K|F,Cl system have been investiged by computerized simulation of molecular dynamic method.The partial RDF,the partial molar energy of mixing and the diffusion coeffients of Li^+,K^+,F^- and Cl^- have been calculated. The results are in agreement with the experimental values.The regularities of the distribution of ions and mieroscopic holes are discussed based on the results of computerized simulation.展开更多
Sub-molten salt was applied to the decomposition of zircon sand(ZrSiO4).The kinetics of the decomposition of zircon sand and the effects of reaction temperature,reaction time,NaOH content,agitation speed,and the NaOH/...Sub-molten salt was applied to the decomposition of zircon sand(ZrSiO4).The kinetics of the decomposition of zircon sand and the effects of reaction temperature,reaction time,NaOH content,agitation speed,and the NaOH/ore mass ratio on the decomposition rate of zircon sand in NaOH sub-molten salt were investigated.The results indicate that the decomposition rate of zircon sand increases with the increase in the reaction temperature,reaction time,and NaOH content.The shrinking-core model with surface chemical reaction-controlled process is the most applicable for the decomposition of zircon sand,with the apparent activation energy of 77.98 kJ/mol.The decomposition product is sodium zirconium silicate(Na2ZrSiO5),and the decomposition rate is higher than 99%under the optimal conditions.展开更多
LiFePO4/C composites were synthesized by a molten salt (MS) method using the mixture of LiCl,LiOH and NaCl.The prepared LiFePO4/C composites are characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD),field emission scanning elec...LiFePO4/C composites were synthesized by a molten salt (MS) method using the mixture of LiCl,LiOH and NaCl.The prepared LiFePO4/C composites are characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD),field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and charge-discharge test.XRD patterns indicate that LiFePO4 prepared in the temperature range of 550-700 ℃ crystallizes well in an olivine-type structure.Through FESEM images,the sphere-like and homogeneous particles of 0.2 μm can be observed.The charge-discharge test shows that the materials prepared at 600 ℃ for 12 h have good electrochemical performance.At the rates of 0.2C (34 mA/g) and 0.5C,the discharge capacities are 144.6 and 122.3 mA·h/g,respectively,together with good cycle performances.展开更多
In view of the need for geomechanical safety analysis of repositories in salt rock, failure criteria,creep rupture criteria,material models,pillar design methods and criteria for the assessment of barrier efficiency a...In view of the need for geomechanical safety analysis of repositories in salt rock, failure criteria,creep rupture criteria,material models,pillar design methods and criteria for the assessment of barrier efficiency as well as investigations of the interaction between hydraulics and mechanics for the case of uncontrolled flooded repositories are necessary. The introduction of damage mechanics and of the Hou/Lux material model including damages into geomechanical safety analysis of repositories in salt rock can reduce some previous deficits in knowledge and modelling. This article will be as a part of geotechnical assessment to introduce the Hou/Lux material model,a new concept of hydro-mechanical coupling and a pillar design method as well as criteria for the assessment of efficiency of geological barriers.展开更多
Mining method selection is the first and the most critical problem in mine design and depends on some parameters such as geotechnical and geological features and economic and geographic factors. In this paper, the fac...Mining method selection is the first and the most critical problem in mine design and depends on some parameters such as geotechnical and geological features and economic and geographic factors. In this paper, the factors affecting mining method selection are determined. These factors include shape, thick- ness, depth, slope, RMR and RSS of the orebody, RMR and RSS of the hanging wall and footwall. Then, the priorities of these factors are calculated. In order to calculate the priorities of factors and select the best mining method for Qapiliq salt mine, Iran, based on these priorities, fuzzy analytical hierarchy process （AHP） technique is used. For this purpose, a questionnaire was prepared and was given to the associated experts. Finally, after a comparison carried out based on the effective factors, between the four mining methods including area mining, room and pillar, cut and fill and stope and pillar methods, the stope and nillar mining method was selected as the most suitable method to this mine.展开更多
The Kuqa depression deposited thick rock salt,which has a lower density than surrounding rocks.When salt bodies form a certain scale,obvious negative gravity anomalies can be detected in the surface.Therefore,gravitat...The Kuqa depression deposited thick rock salt,which has a lower density than surrounding rocks.When salt bodies form a certain scale,obvious negative gravity anomalies can be detected in the surface.Therefore,gravitational method can quickly obtain the shape,plane distribution of deep-seated salt bodies and overall tectonic morphology of the basin.展开更多
Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods are prepared by the molten-salt method with K2 SO4,KCl-K2 SO4,and KCl as fluxes.It reveals that the Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 synthesized with KCl as a flux exhibits a single phase with tetragon...Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods are prepared by the molten-salt method with K2 SO4,KCl-K2 SO4,and KCl as fluxes.It reveals that the Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 synthesized with KCl as a flux exhibits a single phase with tetragonal tungsten bronze structure.The measurement of X-ray diffraction indicates that the Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods synthesized at 1 300℃are anisotropic.The morphology of the powers is examined by transmission electron microscope.It reveals that the length-diameter ratio of Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods increases with increasing annealing temperature from 900℃to 1 300℃.At 1 300℃,the rod possesses a large length-diameter ratio of 8∶1.Moreover,the analysis of the piezoelectric properties of single micro-rods using apiezo-response force microscope indicates that the domains of the material are arranged along its radial direction.展开更多
This paper reviews the standard methods for the determination of the Aluminum and its salts, and makes comparative analyses from the operation conditions and its characteristics. The current national standard and the ...This paper reviews the standard methods for the determination of the Aluminum and its salts, and makes comparative analyses from the operation conditions and its characteristics. The current national standard and the industry standard methods include： the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the atomic absorption spectrometry, the spectrophotometric method, the potential analysis and the titration analysis.展开更多
In this study,to better understand the reaction mechanism between inorganic salts and nitrocellulose,CaCO_(3) and Li_(2)CO_(3) were evaluated with respect to their effects on the thermal degradation of NC in nitrogen ...In this study,to better understand the reaction mechanism between inorganic salts and nitrocellulose,CaCO_(3) and Li_(2)CO_(3) were evaluated with respect to their effects on the thermal degradation of NC in nitrogen atmosphere using TG/DSC at three different heating rates(2,5,10 K/min).The numerical relationship between activation energy(E)and conversion rate was obtained by FWO and KAS method,and it was discovered that CaCO_(3) could improve the thermal stability of NC.Activation energy values were calculated by Kissinger method,and it was found that NC that contain Li2CO3had the highest activation energy while NC containing CaCO3had the lowest E value.By combining the thermal analysis data with Malek method,the most probable mechanism model of thermal degradation is obtained as Sesták-Berggren model,which expression is f(α)=α^(m)(1-α)^(n).As a result of this study,there are certain guiding principles that can be applied to the pyrolysis reaction model and to the actual production process of nitrocellulose.展开更多
基金Project(2013CB632605)supported by the National Basic Research Development Program of ChinaProjects(51274178,51274179)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A novel process was developed for the decomposition of vanadium slag using KOH sub-molten salt under ambient pressure, and the effects of reaction temperature, alkali-to-ore mass ratios, particle size, and stirring speed on vanadium and chromium extraction were studied. The results suggest that the reaction temperature and KOH-to-ore mass ratio are more influential factors for the extraction of vanadium and chromium. Under the optimal reaction conditions （temperature 180 °C, initial KOH-to-ore mass ratio 4：1, stirring speed 700 r/min, gas flow 1 L/min, and reaction time 300 min）, vanadium and chromium extraction rates can reach up to 95% and 90%, respectively. Kinetics analysis results show that the decomposing process of vanadium slag in KOH sub-molten salt can be well interpreted by the shrinking core model under internal diffusion control. The apparent activation energies for vanadium and chromium are 40.54 and 50.27 kJ/mol, respectively.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Project (2018YFC1903400)the Jiangxi Province Graduate Student Innovation Special Fund Project (203200800389)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (20224BAB204038,20202BAB214014)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST (2022QNRC001)the Open Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals and Characteristic Materials Processing(2022GXYSOF11)。
文摘Viewing the problem of high ene rgy consumption in the process of recovering rare earths from rare earth molten salt electrolysis slag,an environmentally friendly and low carbon process by sub-molten salt decomposition was developed.The thermodynamic analysis of sub-molten salt reaction indicates that the recovery of rare earths from the slag using sub-molten salt medium is thermodynamically feasible.In this process,the rare earth fluoride and lithium in the slag are almost transformed into rare earth hydroxide,sodium fluoride and lithium hydroxide,fluorine and lithium are transferred into the washing solution,and the rare earths in the residues can be leached into solution by acid leaching.Under the optimum reaction conditions of reaction temperature 200℃,reaction time 3 h,NaOH initial concentration 80%,NaOH-Slag mass ratio 3:1,the leaching efficiency of rare earths,fluorine and lithium can reach to 99.05%,98.23% and 99.22%.After evaporation,the fluorine and lithium in the washing solution can be obtained in the forms of sodium fluoride and lithium fluoride,the recovery efficiency reach 95.5%and 92.8%,respectively.The RE oxides(99.53%) can be obtained from the leaching solution after precipitation and roasting.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scholars of China(No.51302073)the Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light IndustryHubei University of Technology(No.202307B07)。
文摘We described a method for obtaining fluorine-free Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2)MXene phases by melting copper in CuCl_(2)instead of aluminum in Ti_(3)AlC_(2).XRD results show that when molten salt CuCl_(2)etches Ti_(3)AlC_(2),it forms an intermediate product Ti_(3)CuC_(2),and then reacts with Ti_(3)CuC_(2)to obtain Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2).The reaction of Ti_(3)AlC_(2)and CuCl_(2)at a temperature of 800℃for 2 h to obtain Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2)with an optimal lamellar structure is shown in SEM results.The pseudopotential plane-wave(PP-PW)method is used to calculate on the electronic structure.The etching mechanism is investigated by the total energies of each substance.The chemical reaction of Ti_(3)AlC_(2)and CuCl_(2)will first become Ti_(3)CuC_(2)and Cu,and then become Ti_(3)C_(2)Cl_(2)during the Lewis acid etching process,which are consistent with the experimental results.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(12)5035)Jiangsu Agricultural "Three New Engineering" Project(SXGC[2014]299)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to propose a new entropy weight fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method for assessing cotton salt tolerance, realizing the objective, accurate and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of cotton. [Method] A sand culture experiment under salt stress of 150 mmol/L of NaCI was designed. The in- dicator weight was determined with the entropy weight fuzzy comprehensive evalu- ation method, based on the salt injury index of indicators. The salt tolerance of cotton was evaluated comprehensively. [Result] At the germination stage, the entropy and weight of salt injury index of germination energy, vigor index, hypocotyl length and fresh weight were highest, followed by germination rate and germination index, and of root length were lowest. At the seedling stage, the entropy and weight of salt injury index of plasma membrane permeability, root vigor and leaf expansion rate were highest, followed by plant height and net photosynthetic rate, and of shoot dry weight and root dry weight were lowest. The salt tolerance of cotton differed a- mong growth stages and cultivars. Among the 11 cultivars, CCRI-44 and CCRI-75 were steadily salt-tolerant at both germination and seedling stages; CCRI-17, Sumi- an 22, Sumian 15 and Dexiamianl had a stable moderate salt tolerance; while Sumian 12 and Simian 3 were steadily salt-sensitive. [Conclusion] The evaluated result was objective and exact, which indicated that this method could be used in comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance of cotton.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51474028)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2017YFC0210301)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2017M621034)the Science and Technology Benefiting Citizens Program of Ningbo, China (No. 2015C50058)
文摘Hydro-sodalites are zeolitic materials with a wide variety of applications.Fly ash is an abundant industrial solid waste,rich in silicon and aluminum,from which hydro-sodalite can be synthesized.However,traditional hydrothermal synthesis methods are complex and cannot produce high-purity products.Therefore,there is a demand for processing routes to obtain high-purity hydro-sodalites.In the present study,high-purity hydro-sodalite(90.2 wt%)was prepared from fly ash by applying a hydrothermal method to a submolten salt system.Samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis(TG–DTA),and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)to confirm and quantify conversion of the raw material into the product phase.Purity of the samples prepared with an H2O/Na OH mass ratio of 1.5 and an H2O/fly ash mass ratio of 10 was calculated and the conversion process of the product phase was studied.Crystallinity of the product was influenced more by the Na OH concentration,less by the H2O/fly ash mass ratio.The main reaction process of the system is that the Si O ions produced by dissolution of the vitreous body in the fly ash and Na+ions in the solution reacted on the destroyed mullite skeleton to produce hydro-sodalite.This processing route could help mitigate processing difficulties,while producing high-purity hydro-sodalite from fly ash.
文摘The structure and properties of molten salt solution o J Li,K|F,Cl system have been investiged by computerized simulation of molecular dynamic method.The partial RDF,the partial molar energy of mixing and the diffusion coeffients of Li^+,K^+,F^- and Cl^- have been calculated. The results are in agreement with the experimental values.The regularities of the distribution of ions and mieroscopic holes are discussed based on the results of computerized simulation.
基金Project(51704270)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(ZDRW-ZS-2018-1)supported by the Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of SciencesProject(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-040)supported by the Science and Technology Service Network Plan of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Sub-molten salt was applied to the decomposition of zircon sand(ZrSiO4).The kinetics of the decomposition of zircon sand and the effects of reaction temperature,reaction time,NaOH content,agitation speed,and the NaOH/ore mass ratio on the decomposition rate of zircon sand in NaOH sub-molten salt were investigated.The results indicate that the decomposition rate of zircon sand increases with the increase in the reaction temperature,reaction time,and NaOH content.The shrinking-core model with surface chemical reaction-controlled process is the most applicable for the decomposition of zircon sand,with the apparent activation energy of 77.98 kJ/mol.The decomposition product is sodium zirconium silicate(Na2ZrSiO5),and the decomposition rate is higher than 99%under the optimal conditions.
基金Project(06B002) supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department of ChinaProject(09JJ3092) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(2008FJ3008) supported by the Planned Science and Technology Project of Hunan Province,China
文摘LiFePO4/C composites were synthesized by a molten salt (MS) method using the mixture of LiCl,LiOH and NaCl.The prepared LiFePO4/C composites are characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD),field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and charge-discharge test.XRD patterns indicate that LiFePO4 prepared in the temperature range of 550-700 ℃ crystallizes well in an olivine-type structure.Through FESEM images,the sphere-like and homogeneous particles of 0.2 μm can be observed.The charge-discharge test shows that the materials prepared at 600 ℃ for 12 h have good electrochemical performance.At the rates of 0.2C (34 mA/g) and 0.5C,the discharge capacities are 144.6 and 122.3 mA·h/g,respectively,together with good cycle performances.
文摘In view of the need for geomechanical safety analysis of repositories in salt rock, failure criteria,creep rupture criteria,material models,pillar design methods and criteria for the assessment of barrier efficiency as well as investigations of the interaction between hydraulics and mechanics for the case of uncontrolled flooded repositories are necessary. The introduction of damage mechanics and of the Hou/Lux material model including damages into geomechanical safety analysis of repositories in salt rock can reduce some previous deficits in knowledge and modelling. This article will be as a part of geotechnical assessment to introduce the Hou/Lux material model,a new concept of hydro-mechanical coupling and a pillar design method as well as criteria for the assessment of efficiency of geological barriers.
文摘Mining method selection is the first and the most critical problem in mine design and depends on some parameters such as geotechnical and geological features and economic and geographic factors. In this paper, the factors affecting mining method selection are determined. These factors include shape, thick- ness, depth, slope, RMR and RSS of the orebody, RMR and RSS of the hanging wall and footwall. Then, the priorities of these factors are calculated. In order to calculate the priorities of factors and select the best mining method for Qapiliq salt mine, Iran, based on these priorities, fuzzy analytical hierarchy process （AHP） technique is used. For this purpose, a questionnaire was prepared and was given to the associated experts. Finally, after a comparison carried out based on the effective factors, between the four mining methods including area mining, room and pillar, cut and fill and stope and pillar methods, the stope and nillar mining method was selected as the most suitable method to this mine.
基金financially supported by the project of investigation and evaluation of potash deposits in the Cretaceous-Tertiary salt basin of the Tarim basin from potash investigation project of China Geological Survey (No. 1212011220790)
文摘The Kuqa depression deposited thick rock salt,which has a lower density than surrounding rocks.When salt bodies form a certain scale,obvious negative gravity anomalies can be detected in the surface.Therefore,gravitational method can quickly obtain the shape,plane distribution of deep-seated salt bodies and overall tectonic morphology of the basin.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11475086)
文摘Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods are prepared by the molten-salt method with K2 SO4,KCl-K2 SO4,and KCl as fluxes.It reveals that the Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 synthesized with KCl as a flux exhibits a single phase with tetragonal tungsten bronze structure.The measurement of X-ray diffraction indicates that the Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods synthesized at 1 300℃are anisotropic.The morphology of the powers is examined by transmission electron microscope.It reveals that the length-diameter ratio of Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods increases with increasing annealing temperature from 900℃to 1 300℃.At 1 300℃,the rod possesses a large length-diameter ratio of 8∶1.Moreover,the analysis of the piezoelectric properties of single micro-rods using apiezo-response force microscope indicates that the domains of the material are arranged along its radial direction.
文摘This paper reviews the standard methods for the determination of the Aluminum and its salts, and makes comparative analyses from the operation conditions and its characteristics. The current national standard and the industry standard methods include： the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, the atomic absorption spectrometry, the spectrophotometric method, the potential analysis and the titration analysis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grants No.52176114 and 52111530091)Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent。
文摘In this study,to better understand the reaction mechanism between inorganic salts and nitrocellulose,CaCO_(3) and Li_(2)CO_(3) were evaluated with respect to their effects on the thermal degradation of NC in nitrogen atmosphere using TG/DSC at three different heating rates(2,5,10 K/min).The numerical relationship between activation energy(E)and conversion rate was obtained by FWO and KAS method,and it was discovered that CaCO_(3) could improve the thermal stability of NC.Activation energy values were calculated by Kissinger method,and it was found that NC that contain Li2CO3had the highest activation energy while NC containing CaCO3had the lowest E value.By combining the thermal analysis data with Malek method,the most probable mechanism model of thermal degradation is obtained as Sesták-Berggren model,which expression is f(α)=α^(m)(1-α)^(n).As a result of this study,there are certain guiding principles that can be applied to the pyrolysis reaction model and to the actual production process of nitrocellulose.
