Background/Aims: Determining the levels of oral health and the quality of dental care are fundamental to building concepts of oral health. This study aims to assess toothbrushing techniques using a technical and physi...Background/Aims: Determining the levels of oral health and the quality of dental care are fundamental to building concepts of oral health. This study aims to assess toothbrushing techniques using a technical and physical model, clarifying how children and pre-adults learn to brush their teeth. Materials and Methods: Data were recorded from 23 participants, both male and female of various ages, using a proposed electronic toothbrush equipped with X-Y-Z axes pathways. The data, collected before and after training experiments, were processed with MATLAB to generate plots for the three axes. Results: The study revealed that most parameter values, such as Mean Difference Between Amplitudes (MAV, 6.00), Wilson Amplitude (WAMP, 179.419), and Average Amplitude Coupling (AAC, 1.270), decreased from before to after the experiments. Furthermore, the average overall epoch lengths (AVG) showed a 75% reduction in movement amplitude between the two experiments. Conclusion: Dentist observations indicated which brushing methods were acceptable or not. Analytical values suggest that individuals learn the toothbrushing technique effectively, and medical observations clearly demonstrate the success of the proposed method.展开更多
Objective:To explore the molecular mechanisms of isoliquiritigenin in stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques by activating PPAR-γsignal pathway to regulate ox-LDL metabolism.Methods:The ApoE-/-mice AS carotid plaque mod...Objective:To explore the molecular mechanisms of isoliquiritigenin in stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques by activating PPAR-γsignal pathway to regulate ox-LDL metabolism.Methods:The ApoE-/-mice AS carotid plaque model was prepared by using high fat diet and right perivascular carotid collar placement(PCCP).ApoE-/-mice were randomly divided into the model group and the isoliquiritigenin group after PCCP.C57BL/6J mice were used for the control group.High fat diet continued feeding for 8 weeks after PCCP to establish the AS model.Automatic biochemical analyzer was used to test levels of total cholesterol(TC),triacylglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C).ELISA was used to measure oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)in serum.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the pathological pattern of the carotid artery,and then calculated the carotid parameters.Oil red O staining was used for lipid determination,Masson staining was used to determine collagen content,MOMA-2 andα-SMA immunohistochemical staining were used to determine macrophages and smooth muscle cells,and to calculate the vulnerability index.Western blot was used to detected the expression of PPAR-γ,LXR-α,FABP-4,MMP-2 and MMP-9 in mice arteries.Results:Compared with the normal group,TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C and ox-LDL were increased in the model group.Compared with the model group,TC、TG、LDL-C and ox-LDL were reduced,and there was no significant change in HDL-C of the isoliquiritigenin group.Compared with the normal group,intima thickness(IT),intima/media thickness(IT/MT),plaque area(PA),and plaque area/lumen area(PA/LA)of carotid arteries were increased,the content of lipid and MOMA-2 in plaques was increased,collagen andα-SMA content decreased,and the vulnerability index was higher in the model group.The expression of PPAR-γand LXR-αwere reduced and the expression of FABP-4,MMP-2 and MMP-9 were increased in the model group.Compared with the model group,carotid IT,IT/MT,PA,and PA/LA were reduced,the content of lipid and MOMA-2 in plaques was decreased,collagen andα-SMA content were increased,and the vulnerability index was decreased in the isoliquiritigenin group.PPAR-γand LXR-αexpression were increased,FABP-4,MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression were decreased significantly in the isoliquiritigenin group.Conclusion:Isoliquiritigenin can exert anti-AS effects by activating PPAR-γ,up-regulating LXR-α,reducing FABP-4 expression,reducing ox-LDL,reducing the protein expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9,decreasing plaque vulnerability index,and increasing plaque stability.展开更多
The Commemorative Plaque Industry thrives at the hands of the local craftsmen in Ghana. Techniques, methods, tools, and materials used as handed to them by their previous masters have remained the same over the years....The Commemorative Plaque Industry thrives at the hands of the local craftsmen in Ghana. Techniques, methods, tools, and materials used as handed to them by their previous masters have remained the same over the years. As a result, plaques produced had peculiar problems such as text fading, degrading the actual effect of the plaques. Additionally, metals once widely used for making plaques devoid of text fading in the industry seem to have lost their relevance due to metal plaque theft, rust on metal plaques, and the continuous rise in metal prices. This research uses descriptive, experimental, and case studies of the qualitative research method to examine the problems associated with locally produced commemorative plaques. A total of hundred (100) artisans, including metal scrap dealers, and plaque buyers, were selected for the study. Direct observation and face-to-face interviews were conducted with the local craftsmen, art lecturers and students, scrap dealers, and plaque buyers who were purposively sampled for the study. The study revealed that existing materials like ceramic and aluminium could be integrated innovatively to produce commemorative plaques devoid of text fading;a corrosion-resistant text could be made using anodized or coated metals used in smaller quantities to reduce costs while also making them unattractive for theft and lastly, silicone sealant was found to be a viable option for permanently inscribing text on porcelain bases. The results clarify and underline the necessity to grow the local plaque industry in terms of plaque production as another essential basis to assure high-quality plaques with no text fading that will survive for generations to serve their intended purpose.展开更多
Objective: To assess daily lifestyle habits as risk factors for plaque-induced gingivitis and periodontitis severity and grading among samples of dental students at King Khalid University. Material and Methods: This s...Objective: To assess daily lifestyle habits as risk factors for plaque-induced gingivitis and periodontitis severity and grading among samples of dental students at King Khalid University. Material and Methods: This study included 150 male participants. They were divided according to the levels into three equal groups: levels 5, 6, and 7 (group I), levels 8, 9, 10 (group II) and levels 11, 12, and interns (group III). This study consisted of questions related to age, gender, educational level, father’s education, mother’s education, home ownership, brushing teeth more than or twice a day, in addition to daily lifestyle habits that were daily smoking, daily use of sugary drinks, and daily use of sugary foods. Some clinical parameters of plaque-induced gingivitis and periodontitis and the percentage of radiographic bone loss were recorded. All data were collected and analyzed using Tukey’s test and Chi-square test. A P-value of less than 0.5 (p Results: One hundred fifty male dental students of different levels in the college of dentistry at King Khalid University participated in the study in three groups (I, II, and III). The mean age of group III is more than that of group II and group I, with highly statistically significant differences (p 30%) were more among the participants in group I than the participants in groups III and II. There was an increase in the percentage of affected participants with stages III and IV of clinical attachment loss (CAL), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), radiographic bone loss (%RBL), tooth mobility, as well as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test values (>7%), and the number of cigarettes smoked per day (>10 cigs) in group III more than in group II and I. Conclusion: We conclude that the severity and grading of plaque-induced gingivitis were higher among the participants in group I, while the severity and grading of periodontitis were higher among the participants in group III due to the different impact of their daily lifestyle habits.展开更多
1临床资料患者男,76岁,因“发作性胸痛半年余,加重1周”入院。查体:脉搏74次/min,血压138/73 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa),口唇无发绀,肝颈静脉反流征阴性,双肺呼吸音清。心界正常,心率74次/min,律齐,无杂音。心电图检查示V1-5导联ST-T...1临床资料患者男,76岁,因“发作性胸痛半年余,加重1周”入院。查体:脉搏74次/min,血压138/73 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa),口唇无发绀,肝颈静脉反流征阴性,双肺呼吸音清。心界正常,心率74次/min,律齐,无杂音。心电图检查示V1-5导联ST-T变化。心肌肌钙蛋白(cardiac troponin,cTn)I 2.46μg/L,诊断为急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死。冠状动脉造影显示罪犯病变前降支近中段弥漫性重度钙化狭窄,最重处95%狭窄(图1(1)),心肌梗死溶栓治疗(TIMI)血流分级3级。展开更多
文摘Background/Aims: Determining the levels of oral health and the quality of dental care are fundamental to building concepts of oral health. This study aims to assess toothbrushing techniques using a technical and physical model, clarifying how children and pre-adults learn to brush their teeth. Materials and Methods: Data were recorded from 23 participants, both male and female of various ages, using a proposed electronic toothbrush equipped with X-Y-Z axes pathways. The data, collected before and after training experiments, were processed with MATLAB to generate plots for the three axes. Results: The study revealed that most parameter values, such as Mean Difference Between Amplitudes (MAV, 6.00), Wilson Amplitude (WAMP, 179.419), and Average Amplitude Coupling (AAC, 1.270), decreased from before to after the experiments. Furthermore, the average overall epoch lengths (AVG) showed a 75% reduction in movement amplitude between the two experiments. Conclusion: Dentist observations indicated which brushing methods were acceptable or not. Analytical values suggest that individuals learn the toothbrushing technique effectively, and medical observations clearly demonstrate the success of the proposed method.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82274488,81874446)。
文摘Objective:To explore the molecular mechanisms of isoliquiritigenin in stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques by activating PPAR-γsignal pathway to regulate ox-LDL metabolism.Methods:The ApoE-/-mice AS carotid plaque model was prepared by using high fat diet and right perivascular carotid collar placement(PCCP).ApoE-/-mice were randomly divided into the model group and the isoliquiritigenin group after PCCP.C57BL/6J mice were used for the control group.High fat diet continued feeding for 8 weeks after PCCP to establish the AS model.Automatic biochemical analyzer was used to test levels of total cholesterol(TC),triacylglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C).ELISA was used to measure oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL)in serum.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was used to observe the pathological pattern of the carotid artery,and then calculated the carotid parameters.Oil red O staining was used for lipid determination,Masson staining was used to determine collagen content,MOMA-2 andα-SMA immunohistochemical staining were used to determine macrophages and smooth muscle cells,and to calculate the vulnerability index.Western blot was used to detected the expression of PPAR-γ,LXR-α,FABP-4,MMP-2 and MMP-9 in mice arteries.Results:Compared with the normal group,TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C and ox-LDL were increased in the model group.Compared with the model group,TC、TG、LDL-C and ox-LDL were reduced,and there was no significant change in HDL-C of the isoliquiritigenin group.Compared with the normal group,intima thickness(IT),intima/media thickness(IT/MT),plaque area(PA),and plaque area/lumen area(PA/LA)of carotid arteries were increased,the content of lipid and MOMA-2 in plaques was increased,collagen andα-SMA content decreased,and the vulnerability index was higher in the model group.The expression of PPAR-γand LXR-αwere reduced and the expression of FABP-4,MMP-2 and MMP-9 were increased in the model group.Compared with the model group,carotid IT,IT/MT,PA,and PA/LA were reduced,the content of lipid and MOMA-2 in plaques was decreased,collagen andα-SMA content were increased,and the vulnerability index was decreased in the isoliquiritigenin group.PPAR-γand LXR-αexpression were increased,FABP-4,MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression were decreased significantly in the isoliquiritigenin group.Conclusion:Isoliquiritigenin can exert anti-AS effects by activating PPAR-γ,up-regulating LXR-α,reducing FABP-4 expression,reducing ox-LDL,reducing the protein expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9,decreasing plaque vulnerability index,and increasing plaque stability.
文摘The Commemorative Plaque Industry thrives at the hands of the local craftsmen in Ghana. Techniques, methods, tools, and materials used as handed to them by their previous masters have remained the same over the years. As a result, plaques produced had peculiar problems such as text fading, degrading the actual effect of the plaques. Additionally, metals once widely used for making plaques devoid of text fading in the industry seem to have lost their relevance due to metal plaque theft, rust on metal plaques, and the continuous rise in metal prices. This research uses descriptive, experimental, and case studies of the qualitative research method to examine the problems associated with locally produced commemorative plaques. A total of hundred (100) artisans, including metal scrap dealers, and plaque buyers, were selected for the study. Direct observation and face-to-face interviews were conducted with the local craftsmen, art lecturers and students, scrap dealers, and plaque buyers who were purposively sampled for the study. The study revealed that existing materials like ceramic and aluminium could be integrated innovatively to produce commemorative plaques devoid of text fading;a corrosion-resistant text could be made using anodized or coated metals used in smaller quantities to reduce costs while also making them unattractive for theft and lastly, silicone sealant was found to be a viable option for permanently inscribing text on porcelain bases. The results clarify and underline the necessity to grow the local plaque industry in terms of plaque production as another essential basis to assure high-quality plaques with no text fading that will survive for generations to serve their intended purpose.
文摘Objective: To assess daily lifestyle habits as risk factors for plaque-induced gingivitis and periodontitis severity and grading among samples of dental students at King Khalid University. Material and Methods: This study included 150 male participants. They were divided according to the levels into three equal groups: levels 5, 6, and 7 (group I), levels 8, 9, 10 (group II) and levels 11, 12, and interns (group III). This study consisted of questions related to age, gender, educational level, father’s education, mother’s education, home ownership, brushing teeth more than or twice a day, in addition to daily lifestyle habits that were daily smoking, daily use of sugary drinks, and daily use of sugary foods. Some clinical parameters of plaque-induced gingivitis and periodontitis and the percentage of radiographic bone loss were recorded. All data were collected and analyzed using Tukey’s test and Chi-square test. A P-value of less than 0.5 (p Results: One hundred fifty male dental students of different levels in the college of dentistry at King Khalid University participated in the study in three groups (I, II, and III). The mean age of group III is more than that of group II and group I, with highly statistically significant differences (p 30%) were more among the participants in group I than the participants in groups III and II. There was an increase in the percentage of affected participants with stages III and IV of clinical attachment loss (CAL), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), radiographic bone loss (%RBL), tooth mobility, as well as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test values (>7%), and the number of cigarettes smoked per day (>10 cigs) in group III more than in group II and I. Conclusion: We conclude that the severity and grading of plaque-induced gingivitis were higher among the participants in group I, while the severity and grading of periodontitis were higher among the participants in group III due to the different impact of their daily lifestyle habits.
文摘1临床资料患者男,76岁,因“发作性胸痛半年余,加重1周”入院。查体:脉搏74次/min,血压138/73 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa),口唇无发绀,肝颈静脉反流征阴性,双肺呼吸音清。心界正常,心率74次/min,律齐,无杂音。心电图检查示V1-5导联ST-T变化。心肌肌钙蛋白(cardiac troponin,cTn)I 2.46μg/L,诊断为急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死。冠状动脉造影显示罪犯病变前降支近中段弥漫性重度钙化狭窄,最重处95%狭窄(图1(1)),心肌梗死溶栓治疗(TIMI)血流分级3级。
