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Determination and Quantification of Susceptibility of Heritance Resistance to Root Rot of Eight Commercial Genotypes of Maize (Zea mays L.)
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作者 Lazaro José Quintas Neal Walker McLaren 《Agricultural Sciences》 CAS 2023年第5期665-684,共20页
Maize is susceptible to a number of diseases that can infect all plant organs and serve as a constraint on cereal production. The reduction in cereal production caused by disease is estimated at an average of 9.4%. Co... Maize is susceptible to a number of diseases that can infect all plant organs and serve as a constraint on cereal production. The reduction in cereal production caused by disease is estimated at an average of 9.4%. Corn root rot contributes greatly to the reduction in grain production and quality. The main objective of this work was to review the research on root rot in maize to determine the susceptibility of genotypes to root rot and to quantify the inheritance of resistance to root rot in maize. The methodology used was a complete 8 × 8 diallel design planted during the year 1999/2000. Root discoloration, plant length, root volume, effective volume and yield were the evaluated parameters. To analyze the data and determine the combinatorial abilities, genetic correlations, heritability and correlated response, diallel analysis was used. Eight parental lines;P28, I137TN, MP706, E739, MO17, B37, B73, and B14 were planted. The lines were crossed into each other, all combinations according to the complete diallel model (Model 1). The F1 was harvested after maturation. For statistical analysis, the version of the Agrobase program (2016) was used. Results show that F1 hybrids showed significant differences in root rot discoloration, plant height, root volume, effective root volume and yield. The P28 line and the B73XE739 cross had, respectively, the highest general and specific combinations. Root discoloration had the highest genetic correlation (r<sub>A</sub> = 0.47) with plant length. Broad and narrow heritability for root rot discoloration were, respectively, h<sup>2</sup> = 0.81 and h<sub>2</sub><sub> </sub>= 0.51. Root rot discoloration showed the highest correlated response (C<sub>R</sub> = 0.14) on plant length. 展开更多
关键词 maize (zea mays L.) DISCOLORATION INHERITANCE Hybrid Inbreeds Lines
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Comparative proteomic analysis provides new insights into ear leaf senescence of summer maize(Zea mays L.) under fi eld condition
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作者 WEI Shan-shan WANG Xiang-yu +3 位作者 LIU Peng ZHANG Ji-wang ZHAO Bin DONG Shu-ting 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第5期1005-1016,共12页
As the most important organ in plant photosynthesis, the leaf plays an important role in plant growth and development. Leaf senescence is associated with fundamental changes in the proteome. To research the molecular ... As the most important organ in plant photosynthesis, the leaf plays an important role in plant growth and development. Leaf senescence is associated with fundamental changes in the proteome. To research the molecular mechanisms of leaf senescence, protein expression in senescing maize ear leaves grown under field conditions was analyzed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight/time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF/TOF MS). A total of 60 senescence-associated proteins were identified. The identified proteins are involved in many biological processes, especially energy, metabolism and protein synthesis. Several of the identified proteins have not been previously reported as senescence-associated, including glycine-rich RNA-binding protein. 展开更多
关键词 maize zea mays L.) ear leaf PROTEOMICS SENESCENCE
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Screening Methods for Waterlogging Tolerance at Maize (Zea mays L.) Seedling Stage 被引量:16
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作者 LIU Yong-zhong, TANG Bin, ZHENG Yong-lian, MA Ke-jun, XU Shang-zhong and QIU Fa-zhan National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P.R.China 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CSCD 2010年第3期362-369,共8页
Waterlogging strongly affects agronomic performance of maize (Zea mays L.). In order to investigate the suitable selection criteria of waterflooding tolerant genotypes, and identify the most susceptible stage and th... Waterlogging strongly affects agronomic performance of maize (Zea mays L.). In order to investigate the suitable selection criteria of waterflooding tolerant genotypes, and identify the most susceptible stage and the best continuous treatment time to waterlogging, 20 common maize inbred lines were subjected to successive artificial waterflooding at seedling stage, and waterlogging tolerance coefficient (WTC) was used to screen waterflooding tolerant genotypes. In addition, peroxidase (POD) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were measured for 6 of 20 lines. The results showed that the second leaf stage (V2) was the most susceptible stage, and 6 d after waterflooding was the best continuous treatment time. Dry weight (DW) of both shoots and roots of all lines were significantly reduced at 6 d time-point of waterlogging, compared to control. POD activities and MDA contents were negatively and significantly correlated, and the correlation coefficient was -0.9686 (P 〈 0.0001). According to the results, WTC of shoot DW can be used for practical screening as a suitable index, which is significantly different from control and waterlogged plants happened 6 d earlier. Furthermore, leaf chlorosis, MDA content and POD activities could also be used as reference index for material screening. The implications of the results for waterlogging-tolerant material screening and waterlogging-tolerant breeding have been discussed in maize. 展开更多
关键词 maize zea mays L.) waterlogging tolerance screening method selection criteria
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Activity of Acetolactate Synthase from Maize (Zea mays L.) as Influenced by Chlorsulfuron and Tribenuron-methyl 被引量:5
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作者 FANZhi-jin CHENJun-peng 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2003年第2期176-182,共7页
Study on relative sensitivity of maize (Zea mays L.) Nongda108 and Nongda3138 to sulfony-lurea herbicide chlorsulfuron and tribenuron-methyl using maize taproot length by sand bioassy indicated that, Nongda3138 had hi... Study on relative sensitivity of maize (Zea mays L.) Nongda108 and Nongda3138 to sulfony-lurea herbicide chlorsulfuron and tribenuron-methyl using maize taproot length by sand bioassy indicated that, Nongda3138 had higher tolerance to chlorsulfuron and tribenuron-methyl than Nongda108 did. Chlorsulfuron had stronger growth inhibition to maize Nongda108 and Nongda3138 than tribenuron-methyl did. Study on target enzyme of sulfonylurea herbicide acetolactate synthase (ALS) showed that, chlorsulfuron and tribenuron-methyl inhibited ALS in vitro strongly, and non-competitively. In the same concentration of inhibitors, chlorsulfuron had stronger ALS activity inhibition than tribenuron-methyl did. Lower level of chlorsulfuron and tribenuron-methyl has no ALS activity inhibition in vivo, the ALS inhibition only occurred in the condition of high concentration of chlorsulfuron and tribenuron-methyl in vivo. 展开更多
关键词 Chlorsulf uron TRIBENURON-METHYL Acetolactate synthase (ALS) maize (zea mays L.)
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Influence of Zinc Nutrition on Growth and Yield Behaviour of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.) Hybrids 被引量:5
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作者 Azeem Tariq Shakeel A. Anjum +5 位作者 Mahmood A. Randhawa Ehsan Ullah Muhammad Naeem Rafi Qamar Umair Ashraf Mubashar Nadeem 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2014年第18期2646-2654,共9页
A field experiment was conducted during spring 2011 at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan to evaluate the comparative efficacy of Zn uptake and grain yield in three maize hybrids ... A field experiment was conducted during spring 2011 at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan to evaluate the comparative efficacy of Zn uptake and grain yield in three maize hybrids namely Pioneer-32F 10, Monsanto-6525 and Hycorn-8288 through the application of Zn in the form of ZnSO4. The ZnSO4 treatments comprised;soil application at the time of sowing @ 12 kg&middotha-1 (Zn1), foliar application at vegetative stage (9 leaf stage) @ 1% ZnSO4 solution (Zn2) and foliar application at reproductive stage (anthesis) @ 1% ZnSO4 solution (Zn3) and one treatment was kept as a control, where zinc was not applied (Zn0). The experimental results showed substantial difference in all physiological and yield parameters except plant height and stem diameter. Statistically maximum grain yield (8.76 t&middotha-1) was obtained with foliar spray of ZnSO4 at 9 leaf stage (Zn2) in case of Monsanto-6525. As regard to quality parameters, Pioneer-32F 10 and Hycorn-8288 accumulated more zinc contents in grains but Monsanto-6525 attained more zinc concentration in straw. Foliar spray of ZnSO4 at 9 leaf stage produced 19.42% more zinc contents in grains as compared to other ZnSO4 treatments. Foliar spray of ZnSO4 at 9 leaf stage in Monsanto-6525 hybrid produced higher grain yield. 展开更多
关键词 Grain Yield HYBRIDS maize (zea mays L.) ZnSO4
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Establishment and Optimization of the Regeneration System of Mature Embryos of Maize (Zea mays L.) 被引量:3
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作者 ZHAO Cheng-hao ZHANG Li-jun GE Chao HU Kai 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2008年第9期1046-1051,共6页
A reliable system was developed for regeneration from mature embryos derived from callus of four maize inbred lines (Liao 7980, Dan 9818, Dan 340, and Dan 5026). The protocol was mainly based on a series of experime... A reliable system was developed for regeneration from mature embryos derived from callus of four maize inbred lines (Liao 7980, Dan 9818, Dan 340, and Dan 5026). The protocol was mainly based on a series of experiments involving the composition of culture medium. We found that 9 pM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in MS medium was optimum for the induction of callus. The induction frequency of primary calli was over 85% for four inbred lines tested. The addition of L- proline (12 mM) in subculture medium significantly promoted the formation of embryogenic callus but it did not significantly enhance growth rate of callus. Efficient shoot regeneration was obtained on regeneration medium containing 2.22 μM 6- benzylaminopurine in combinations with 4.64 μM Kinetin. Regenerated shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium containing 2.85 μM indole-3-butyric acid. This plant regeneration system provides a foundation for genetic transformation of maize. 展开更多
关键词 maize zea mays L.) mature embryo callus induction embryogenic callus plant regeneration
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QTL analysis of the developmental changes in cell wall components and forage digestibility in maize(Zea mays L.) 被引量:4
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作者 LI Kun YANG Xue +8 位作者 LIU Xiao-gang HU Xiao-jiao WU Yu-jin WANG Qi MA Fei-qian LI Shu-qiang WANG Hong-wu LIU Zhi-fang HUANG Chang-ling 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第12期3501-3513,共13页
Cell wall architecture plays a key role in stalk strength and forage digestibility.Lignin,cellulose,and hemicellulose are the three main components of plant cell walls,and they can impact stalk quality by affecting th... Cell wall architecture plays a key role in stalk strength and forage digestibility.Lignin,cellulose,and hemicellulose are the three main components of plant cell walls,and they can impact stalk quality by affecting the structure and strength of the cell wall.To explore cell wall development during secondary cell wall lignification in maize stalks,conventional and conditional genetic mapping were used to identify the dynamic quantitative trait loci(QTLs)of the cell wall components and digestibility traits during five growth stages after silking.Acid detergent lignin(ADL),cellulose(CEL),acid detergent fiber(ADF),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),and in vitro dry matter digestibility(IVDMD)were evaluated in a maize recombinant inbred line(RIL)population.ADL,CEL,ADF,and NDF gradually increased from 10 to 40 days after silking(DAS),and then they decreased.IVDMD initially decreased until 40 DAS,and then it increased slightly.Seventytwo QTLs were identified for the five traits,and each accounted for 3.48–24.04%of the phenotypic variation.Six QTL hotspots were found,and they were localized in the 1.08,2.04,2.07,7.03,8.05,and 9.03 bins of the maize genome.Within the interval of the pleiotropic QTL identified in bin 1.08 of the maize genome,six genes associated with cell wall component biosynthesis were identified as potential candidate genes for stalk strength as well as cell wall-related traits.In addition,26 conditional QTLs were detected in the five stages for all of the investigated traits.Twenty-two of the 26 conditional QTLs were found at 30 DAS conditioned using the values of 20 DAS,and at 50 DAS conditioned using the values of 40 DAS.These results indicated that cell wall-related traits are regulated by many genes,which are specifically expressed at different stages after silking.Simultaneous improvements in both forage digestibility and lodging resistance could be achieved by pyramiding multiple beneficial QTL alleles identified in this study. 展开更多
关键词 quantitative trait loci maize(zea mays L.) cell wall components forage quality
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Mapping of QTLs Associated with Seed Vigor to Artificial Aging Using Two RIL Populations in Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.) 被引量:3
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作者 Zanping Han Wang Bin +4 位作者 Jun Zhang Shulei Guo Hengchao Zhang Lengrui Xu Yanhui Chen 《Agricultural Sciences》 2018年第4期397-415,共19页
Improvement in seed vigor under adverse condition is an important object in maize breeding nowadays. Because the higher sowing quality of seeds is necessary for the development of the agriculture production and better... Improvement in seed vigor under adverse condition is an important object in maize breeding nowadays. Because the higher sowing quality of seeds is necessary for the development of the agriculture production and better able to resist all kinds of adversity in the seeds storage. So it is helpful for long-term preservation of germplasm resource. In our study, two connected recombinant inbred line (RIL) populations, which derived from the crosses Yu82 × Shen137 and Yu537A × Shen137 respectively, were evaluated for four related traits of seed vigor under three aging treatments. Meta-analysis was used to integrate genetic maps and detected QTL across two populations. In total, 74 QTL and 20 meta-QTL (mQTL) were detected. All QTLs with contributions (R2) over 10% were consistently detected in at least one of aging treatments and integrated in mQTL. Four key mQTLs (mQTL2-2, mQTL5-3, mQTL6 and mQTL8) with R2 of some initial QTLs > 10% included 5-9 initial QTLs associated with 2-4 traits. Therefore, the chromosome regions for four mQTLs with high QTL co-localization might be hot spots of the important QTLs for the associated traits. Twenty-two key candidate genes regulating four related traits of seed vigor mapped in 14 corresponding mQTLs. In particular, At5g67360, 45238345/At1g70730/At1g09640 and 298201206 were mapped within the important mQTL5-3, mQTL6 and mQTL8 regions, respectively. Fine mapping or construction of single chromosome segment lines for genetic regions of the three mQTLs is worth further study and could be put to use molecular marker-assisted breeding and pyramiding QTLs in maize. 展开更多
关键词 maize(zea mays L.) Seed VIGOR RIL QTL Artificial Aging
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Breeding for Drought Tolerance in Maize (Zea mays L.) 被引量:4
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作者 Abdoul-Raouf Sayadi Maazou Jialu Tu +1 位作者 Ju Qiu Zhizhai Liu 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2016年第14期1858-1870,共14页
Drought, like many other environmental stresses, has adverse effects on crop yield including maize (Zea mays L.). Low water availability is one of the major causes for maize yield reductions affecting the majority of ... Drought, like many other environmental stresses, has adverse effects on crop yield including maize (Zea mays L.). Low water availability is one of the major causes for maize yield reductions affecting the majority of the farmed regions around the world. Therefore, the development of drought-tolerant lines becomes increasingly more important. In maize, a major effect of water stress is a delay in silking, resulting in an increase in the anthesis-silking interval, which is an important cause of yield failures. Diverse strategies are used by breeding programs to improve drought tolerance. Conventional breeding has improved the drought tolerance of temperate maize hybrids and the use of managed drought environments, accurate phenotyping, and the identification and deployment of secondary traits has been effective in improving the drought tolerance of tropical maize populations and hybrids as well. The contribution of molecular biology will be potential to identify key genes involved in metabolic pathways related to the stress response. Functional genomics, reverse and forward genetics, and comparative genomics are all being deployed with a view to achieving these goals. However, a multidisciplinary approach, which ties together breeding, physiology and molecular genetics, can bring a synergistic understanding to the response of maize to water deficit and improve the breeding efficiency. 展开更多
关键词 maize (zea mays L.) Drought Stress Anthesis-Silking Interval BREEDING
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Efficient Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Regeneration Through Callus Initiation From Seedling-derived Leaf Materials of Maize (Zea mays L.) 被引量:1
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作者 Jing CHEN 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 CAS 2019年第3期25-28,共4页
While being one of the world's most important crops,maize ( Zea mays L.) is still difficult to regenerate in tissue culture which severely limits its improvement by genetic engineering.Currently,immature zygotic e... While being one of the world's most important crops,maize ( Zea mays L.) is still difficult to regenerate in tissue culture which severely limits its improvement by genetic engineering.Currently,immature zygotic embryos provide the predominantly used material for regeneration and transformation.However,the procedures involved are often laborious,time-consuming and season-dependent.Here,we further improved an efficient tissue culture and plant regeneration system that uses maize leaf segments of young seedlings as an alternative explant source.Embryogenic calli were evaluated by morphology,proliferation and regeneration capacity.All these indicated that seedling-derived leaf materials have the potential to replace immature embryos for tissue culture and regeneration. 展开更多
关键词 maize (zea mays L.) LEAF MATERIALS Primary CALLUS Embryogenic CALLUS Regeneration
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Study on the Photosynthetic Characteristics in Spring Maize (Zea mays L.)of Different Quality Type 被引量:1
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作者 ZHAO Hong-wei ZOU De-tang MA Feng-ming 《Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition)》 CAS 2005年第2期97-101,共5页
common maize synthetic rate( Photosynthetic characteristics were probed by sweet maize, waxy maize, high starch maize and The results revealed that leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b cont... common maize synthetic rate( Photosynthetic characteristics were probed by sweet maize, waxy maize, high starch maize and The results revealed that leaf area index (LAI), chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content,photo-PR) showed single peak curve at the whole growth stage. The stages of peak were different according to different varieties. NEAUS4 had the lowest peak and while SIDAN 19 had the highest among all stages. Ratio of chlorophyll a to b was low at seedling stage, reached the peak atjointing stage and then declined. SIDAN 19 had the lower level at the last stages. 展开更多
关键词 spring maize zea mays L.) photosynthetic characteristics: leaf area index chlorophyll content photosynthetic rate
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Influence of Soil Moisture and Air Temperature on the Stability of Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) in Maize (Zea mays L.) 被引量:3
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作者 Heidrun Bueckmann Katja Thiele Joachim Schiemann 《Agricultural Sciences》 2016年第2期70-81,共12页
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a maternally inherited trait that suppresses the production of viable pollen. CMS is a useful biological tool for confinement strategies to facilitate coexistence of genetically mod... Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is a maternally inherited trait that suppresses the production of viable pollen. CMS is a useful biological tool for confinement strategies to facilitate coexistence of genetically modified (GM) and non-GM crops in case where it is required. The trait is reversible and can be restored to fertility in the presence of nuclear restorer genes (Rf genes) and by environmental impacts. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the level of irrigation on the stability of CMS maize hybrids under defined greenhouse conditions. Additionally the combination of irrigation and air temperature was studied. Three CMS maize hybrids were grown with different levels of irrigation and in different temperature regimes. Tassel characteristics, pollen production and fertility were assessed. The CMS stability was high in hot air temperatures and decreased in lower temperatures. The level of irrigation had no major effect on the level of sterility. The extent of these phenomena was depending on the genotype of CMS maize and should be known before using CMS for coexistence purposes. 展开更多
关键词 Soil Moisture Air Temperature Biological Confinement Cytoplasmic Male Sterility (CMS) Genetically Modified (GM) maize (zea mays L.)
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Phenotypic Characterization and QTL/Gene Identification for Internode Number and Length Related Traits in Maize
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作者 Jing Li Fengjuan Gu +10 位作者 Guoqiang Wang Yingyi Zhang Xiangling Gong Wei Wei Xianchuang Zhang Lin Liu Hameed Gul Hong Duan Chaoxian Liu Qianlin Xiao Zhizhai Liu 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 CAS 2024年第7期467-485,共19页
Internode number and length are the foundation to constitute plant height, ear height and the above-ground spatial structure of maize plant. In this study, segregating populations were constructed between EHel with ex... Internode number and length are the foundation to constitute plant height, ear height and the above-ground spatial structure of maize plant. In this study, segregating populations were constructed between EHel with extremely low ear height and B73. Through the SNP-based genotyping and phenotypic characterization, 13 QTL distributed on the chromosomes (Chrs) of Chr1, Chr2, Chr5-Chr8 were detected for four traits of internode no. above ear (INa), average internode length above ear (ILaa), internode no. below ear (INb), and average internode length below ear (ILab). Phenotypic variation explained (PVE) by a single QTL ranged from 6.82% (qILab2-2) to 12.99% (qILaa5). Zm00001d016823 within the physical region of qILaa5, the major QTL for ILaa with the largest PVE was determined as the candidate through the genomic annotation and sequence alignment between EHel and B73. Product of Zm00001d016823 was annotated as a WEB family protein homogenous to At1g75720. qRT-PCR assay showed that Zm00001d016823 highly expressed within the tissue of internode, exhibiting statistically higher expression levels among internodes of IN4 to IN7 in EHel than those in B73 (P Zm00001d016823 might provide novel insight into molecular mechanism beyond phytohormones controlling internode development in maize. 展开更多
关键词 maize (zea mays L.) Internode No. Average Internode Length Phenotypic Characterization Candidate Gene Discovery
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The Role of Nitrogen and Sulfur Interaction in Maize Quality(Zea mays L.)
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作者 XIE Rui-zhi, DONG Shu-ting, HU Chang-hao and WANG Kong-junAgronomy College , Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018 , P.R.China 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2003年第5期527-532,共6页
Two hybrids of maize with different responses to sulfur were used in the pool experiment. The effects of nitrogen and sulfur on the grain quality of maize were evaluated. The results indicated that grain quality chang... Two hybrids of maize with different responses to sulfur were used in the pool experiment. The effects of nitrogen and sulfur on the grain quality of maize were evaluated. The results indicated that grain quality changed with the nutrition supply. The contents of proteins, amino acids, soluble sugar, crude fat, oil, N, P, K, S and microelements in the grain were improved due to nitrogen and sulfur fertilizer addition. But the effects of nitrogen and sulfur were not the same. Nitrogen increased starch content of the grain, but S decreased the content. Both N and S enhanced the proportion of amylopectin in starch. Sulfur nutrition significantly improved the grain quality of maize when a large amount of nitrogen was used together. Both hybrids had similar response to N and S treatments. 展开更多
关键词 maize (zea mays L.) Grain quality NITROGEN SULFUR
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Proteome Changes in Maize Embryo(Zea mays L)Induced by Ion Beam Implantation Treatment
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作者 李永亮 汤继华 +2 位作者 秦广雍 霍裕平 田双起 《Plasma Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2009年第4期510-514,共5页
Low energy ion beam implantation was applied to the maize (Zea mays L) embryo proteome using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein profile analysis detected more than Ii00 protein spots, 72 of which were dete... Low energy ion beam implantation was applied to the maize (Zea mays L) embryo proteome using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Protein profile analysis detected more than Ii00 protein spots, 72 of which were determined to be expressed differently in the treated and control (not exposed to ion beam implantation) embryos. Of the 72 protein spots, 53 were up- regulated in the control and 19 were more abundantly expressed in the ion beam-treated embryos. The spots of up- or down-regulated proteins were identified by matrix assisted laser desorption /ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Among the identified proteins, ii were up-regulated in the treated embryos. Four of these up-regulated proteins were antioxidant molecules, three were related to stress response, two to sugar metabolism and two were associated with heat shock response. Of the five proteins up-regulated in the control embryos, three were functionally related to carbohydrate metabolism; the functions of the remaining two proteins were unknown. The data collected during this study indicate that treatment of maize embryos with low energy ion beam implantation induces changes in stress tolerance enzymes/proteins, possibly as a result of alterations in metabolism. 展开更多
关键词 maize zea mays L) two-dimensional gel electrophoresis PROTEOME low en- ergy ion beam
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Quantifying.Associations among Dimensions of Ears and Their Form Factors in Maize(Zea Mays)Using Dimensional Analysis
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作者 Hongbo CAO Gaimei LIANG Jinzhong YANG 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2016年第10期2287-2292,共6页
Ear morphological traits such as volume and shape are important features of maize and the quantitative associations among them can help understand kernel yield determination. 150 mature ears each of 4 maize cultivars ... Ear morphological traits such as volume and shape are important features of maize and the quantitative associations among them can help understand kernel yield determination. 150 mature ears each of 4 maize cultivars were collected from field experiments, and ear length(L), diameter(D), area(S) and volume(V) were recorded for individual ears, kernel weight per ear also recorded for a portion of the examined ears. Following principles of dimensional analysis, 8 theoretical equations of 3 sets,which relate ear higher dimensions to its length and diameter, were developed and parameterized and validated with the field observations. The 3 optimized equations showed that the shape of ears in maize can be featured with 3 dimensionless form factors, namely diameter-to-length ratio(c=D/L), areal form factor(b=S/L/D), and volumetric form factor(a=V/L/D/D). Statistically,all of them were significantly different among cultivars, and a's values varied from 0.582 to 0.612, and b's 0.839-0.868, and c's 0.242-0.308. Volumetric form factor and areal form factor could estimate precisely ear volume and area respectively, but diameter-to-length ratio was not suitable to estimate ear diameter by its length. Ear volume explained almost all variation of ear kernel weight and product L*D*D did the same substantially. Dimensional analysis proved to be promising in understanding relationship among morphological traits of ears in maize. Its application in crop researches should improve our knowledge of the physical properties of crop plants. 展开更多
关键词 maize(zea mays) Dimensional analysis Ear shape Volumetric form factors Ear volume Diameter-to-length ratio Ear kernel weight
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Introduction of herbicide resistant gene (bar) into maize (Zea mays L.) via pollen tube pathway
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作者 LIU Zhaojun DI Hong WANG Guangjin 《Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition)》 CAS 2007年第3期193-197,共5页
The pollen tube pathway method of transformation has been reported to be successful in most crops, but less successfu in maizc. DNA can be transferred by cutting the stigma following pollination and applying the DNA s... The pollen tube pathway method of transformation has been reported to be successful in most crops, but less successfu in maizc. DNA can be transferred by cutting the stigma following pollination and applying the DNA solution in a suitable period DNA presumably reaches the ovary by flowing down the pollen tube and then integrates into the just fertilized but undivided zygotic cells. To provide the molecular evidence for this procedure, the plasmids pGBIRC carrying a CaMV35S promoter-PPT acetyle transferase (bar) gene-nos terminator genc fusion construct were used. Total 3 276 seeds were produced from the ears trcated with DNA. It was found that 35 scedlings were GUS assay positive, but less intense than that of the positive controls, of which 17 were PCR amplification positive. But, only 13 of the seeds from the plants treated with DNA containing the bar gene were found to be resistant compared with the negative control. Less than 1.07% of progeny seedlings tested cxpressed a herbicide positive reaction and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with seedling DNA did detect the bar genc. Morphological variation was observed in six plants. We succeed in obtain PPT-resistant maize inbred lines via pollen tube pathway 展开更多
关键词 bar gene pollen tube pathway maize zea mays L.)
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Analysis of Adaptive Response of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) Varieties from DR-Congo to Water Stress
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作者 Jean Pierre Kabongo Tshiabukole Amand Mbuya Kankolongo +3 位作者 Gertrude Pongi Khonde Antoine Mumba Djamba Roger Kizungu Vumilia Kabwe Nkongolo 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2017年第9期2282-2295,共14页
Maize production in tropical Africa is often negatively affected by drought. The main objectives of the present study were to 1) analyze the impact of water stress on the agro-morphological performance of two varietie... Maize production in tropical Africa is often negatively affected by drought. The main objectives of the present study were to 1) analyze the impact of water stress on the agro-morphological performance of two varieties of Quality Protein Maize (QPM) compared to two normal maize varieties and 2) assess their adaptive response in contrasting water environments. Agro-morphological responses to water deficiency of maize (Zea mays L.) were assessed in controlled experiments using four maize varieties, two normal maize (Zm725 and Mus1) and two quality protein maize (Mudishi1 and Mudishi3) varieties. They were subjected to three water regimes (100%, 60%, 30% water retention capacity) at the beginning of the bloom stage, using a Fischer block design with four replications. Significant differences (p < 0.05) among varieties, water regimes and their interactions for plant growth and production parameters were observed. Reduction of water supply to plants caused changes in aerial and underground plant growth. Plant stem height, foliar expansion, and root system development characterizing vegetative growth showed variation in varietal response to water regimes. Mus1 (normal maize variety) was the best adapted to variations in water regimes because they developed an important root volume to adapt to the effects of water deficit while maintaining their morphological and productive characteristics. 展开更多
关键词 maize (zea mays L.) Drought Resistance Water Stress Leaf Area Index (LAI) Quality Protein maize (QPM) DR-Congo
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Pyramiding the disease resistant genes to southern rust and stalk rot in maize(Zea mays L.) with marker-assisted selection
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作者 LI Wei-hua1,WU Suo-wei1,ZHAO Feng1,YE Chun-jiang1,ZHOU Chun-jiang1,YANG Dian-er1,JIN De-min1,CHEN Shao-jiang2,WANG Shou-cai2,WANG Bin1(1.Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101 2. China Agricultural University,Beijing 100094) 《湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2007年第S1期216-,共1页
Southern corn rust(SCR) caused by Puccinia polysora Underw and maize stalk rot caused by Pythium inflatum Matthews(MSR-2) are two destructive diseases of maize(Zea mays L.) in China.Our previous studies indicated that... Southern corn rust(SCR) caused by Puccinia polysora Underw and maize stalk rot caused by Pythium inflatum Matthews(MSR-2) are two destructive diseases of maize(Zea mays L.) in China.Our previous studies indicated that maize inbred line Qi319 is highly resistant to SCR but susceptible to MSR-2,while inbred line 1145 is highly resistant to MSR-2 but susceptible to SCR.The SCR resistant gene(RppQ) in Qi319 and MSR-2 resistant gene(Rpi1) in 1145 have been mapped on chromosome 10 and 4 respectively.In this research,through marker-assisted selection(MAS) with the molecular markers,bnlg1937 tightly linked to Rpi1 and phi041 tightly linked to RppQ,pyramid breeding of the two kinds of disease resistant genes were carried out from the year of 2003 to 2007.Two homozygotic inbred lines of F5 generation,DR94-1-1-1 and DR36-1-1-1 were identified.MAS result suggested DR94-1-1-1 and DR36-1-1-1 contained the two resistance genes RppQ and Rpi1.Field inoculation tests confirmed their high resistance to the two diseases.In addition,field investigation indicated that the two selected inbred lines,particularly DR94-1-1-1,had excellent agronomic traits such as plant height,ear height and yield-relating traits including ear length,ear diameter,ear weight,kernels per ear,kernels per row and kernel weight per ear.The two selected inbred lines DR94-1-1-1 and DR36-1-1-1 can either be directly developed into commercial variety or used as immediate donors of SCR and MSR resistance breeding programs in maize. 展开更多
关键词 MSR with marker-assisted selection SCR DR zea mays L Pyramiding the disease resistant genes to southern rust and stalk rot in maize
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Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.) Productivity in Response to Nitrogen Management in Pakistan
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作者 Hameed Gul Saeedur Rahman +4 位作者 Ali Shahzad Shareef Gul Mengya Qian Qianlin Xiao Zhizhai Liu 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2021年第8期1173-1179,共7页
Nitrogen (N) plays a vital role in the productivity of maize (<i>Zea</i> <i>mays</i> L). To investigate the fertilizer effects of N on the yield and growth of maize hybrid variety (Gorilla), th... Nitrogen (N) plays a vital role in the productivity of maize (<i>Zea</i> <i>mays</i> L). To investigate the fertilizer effects of N on the yield and growth of maize hybrid variety (Gorilla), the experiment was carried out at the research farm of University of Swabi, Pakistan, during summer 2017-18. Four levels of N (Urea, Urea + Farm Yard Manure (FYM), Urea + Compost, Urea + Poultry Manure (PM)) were set in the present study. Randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with split-plot arrangement with N administering to main plot. Results showed that yield and other traits, <i>i.e.</i> plant height, ear length, ear weight, kernel yield, kernels ear<sup>-1</sup> and harvest index (HI) were significantly affected by Nitrogen. In current study, the maximum performances of plant height (231.46 cm), ear length (12.17 cm), kernels ear<sup>-1</sup> (434.83), kernel yield (2095.7 kg&middot;ha<sup>-1</sup>), total kernel weight (350.75 kg&middot;ha<sup>-1</sup>), biomass yield (4015.3 kg&middot;ha<sup>-1</sup>) and HI (37.31) were recorded under the treatment of UREA + PM, and followed by UREA + FYM. Besides, the applications of organic manure in combination with nitrogen significantly increased yield and its components. Application of 50% of N and 50% of poultry manure produced higher performance for the traits of plant height, ear length, kernels ear<sup>-1</sup>, total kernels weight ear<sup>-1</sup>, kernel yield, and biomass yield. 展开更多
关键词 maize (zea mays L.) Nitrogen Yield Yield Components Pakistan
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