Sustainable agriculture plays a crucial role in meeting the growing global demand for food while minimizing adverse environmental impacts from the overuse of synthetic pesticides and conventional fertilizers.In this c...Sustainable agriculture plays a crucial role in meeting the growing global demand for food while minimizing adverse environmental impacts from the overuse of synthetic pesticides and conventional fertilizers.In this context,renewable biopolymers being more sustainable offer a viable solution to improve agricultural sustainability and production.Nano/micro-structural supramolecular biopolymers are among these innovative biopolymers that are much sought after for their unique features.These biomaterials have complex hierarchical structures,great stability,adjustable mechanical strength,stimuli-responsiveness,and self-healing attributes.Functional molecules may be added to their flexible structure,for enabling novel agricultural uses.This overview scrutinizes how nano/micro-structural supramolecular biopolymers may radically alter farming practices and solve lingering problems in agricultural sector namely improve agricultural production,soil health,and resource efficiency.Controlled bioactive ingredient released from biopolymers allows the tailored administration of agrochemicals,bioactive agents,and biostimulators as they enhance nutrient absorption,moisture retention,and root growth.Nano/micro-structural supramolecular biopolymers may protect crops by appending antimicrobials and biosensing entities while their eco-friendliness supports sustainable agriculture.Despite their potential,further studies are warranted to understand and optimize their usage in agricultural domain.This effort seeks to bridge the knowledge gap by investigating their applications,challenges,and future prospects in the agricultural sector.Through experimental investigations and theoretical modeling,this overview aims to provide valuable insights into the practical implementation and optimization of supramolecular biopolymers in sustainable agriculture,ultimately contributing to the development of innovative and eco-friendly solutions to enhance agricultural productivity while minimizing environmental impact.展开更多
Supercapacitors(SCs)are studied and used in variousfields due to their high power density,fast charging/discharging rate,as well as long cycle life.Compared to other traditional electrode and electrolyte materials,supr...Supercapacitors(SCs)are studied and used in variousfields due to their high power density,fast charging/discharging rate,as well as long cycle life.Compared to other traditional electrode and electrolyte materials,supramolecular hydrogels have great advantages in the application of SCs due to their excellent properties.Unlike covalent bonds,supramolecular systems are assembled through dynamic reversible bonds,including host–guest interactions,ion interactions,electrostatic interactions,hydrogen bonding,coordination interactions,etc.The resulting supramolecular hydrogels show some special functions,such as stretching,compression,adhesion,self-healing,stimulus responsiveness,etc.,making them strong candidates for the next generation of energy storage devices.This paper reviews the representative progress of electrodes,electrolytes,and SCs based on supramolecular hydrogels.Besides,the properties of supramolecular hydrogels,such as conductivity,exten-sibility,compressibility and elasticity,self-healing,frost resistance,adhesion,andflexibility,are also reviewed to highlight the key role of excellent properties of hydro-gel materials in SCs.In addition,this article also discusses the challenges faced by current technologies,hoping to continue promoting future research in thisfield.展开更多
Clusterization-triggered emissive(CTE)materials have attracted great attention in recent years.The regulation of the emission property of materials with CTE property through supramolecular interactions is an excellent...Clusterization-triggered emissive(CTE)materials have attracted great attention in recent years.The regulation of the emission property of materials with CTE property through supramolecular interactions is an excellent strategy for the construction of smartfluorescent materials.In this work,we have pre-pared a regulatable supramolecular polymer network with CTE properties through pillararene-based host-guest interactions.The pillar[5]arene-grafted poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)showed a classic CTE character.After adding Brooker’s merocyanine-grafted polymer to the solution of the pillar[5]arene-containing PMMA,the supramolecular polymer network gel formed by the host-guest inter-actions between pillararene and Brooker’s merocyanine guest.This supramolecular network showed brighterfluorescence than the pillar[5]arene-grafted PMMA in the solid state.In addition,thefluorescence emission of the supramolecular network can be further regulated by pH conditions.After adding an acid,the Brooker’s merocyanine-containing guest polymer was protonated,and the supramolecular net-work changed to a protonated network through host-guest interactions between protonated Brooker’s merocyanine guest and pillararene.Interestingly,thefluores-cence was quenched when the supramolecular network turned into the protonated network.After adding a base,the protonated network can convert back to the origi-nal network,along with recovery of thefluorescence.Therefore,the regulation of thefluorescence of the supramolecular polymer materials with CTE was successfully realized by pillararene-based host-guest interactions.Furthermore,this tailorablefluorescent supramolecular polymer network system was applied as an information encryption material.展开更多
A gel based on polyacrylamide,exhibiting delayed crosslinking characteristics,emerges as the preferred solution for mitigating degradation under conditions of high temperature and extended shear in ultralong wellbores...A gel based on polyacrylamide,exhibiting delayed crosslinking characteristics,emerges as the preferred solution for mitigating degradation under conditions of high temperature and extended shear in ultralong wellbores.High viscosity/viscoelasticity of the fracturing fluid was required to maintain excellent proppant suspension properties before gelling.Taking into account both the cost and the potential damage to reservoirs,polymers with lower concentrations and molecular weights are generally preferred.In this work,the supramolecular action was integrated into the polymer,resulting in significant increases in the viscosity and viscoelasticity of the synthesized supramolecular polymer system.The double network gel,which is formed by the combination of the supramolecular polymer system and a small quantity of Zr-crosslinker,effectively resists temperature while minimizing permeability damage to the reservoir.The results indicate that the supramolecular polymer system with a molecular weight of(268—380)×10^(4)g/mol can achieve the same viscosity and viscoelasticity at 0.4 wt%due to the supramolecular interaction between polymers,compared to the 0.6 wt%traditional polymer(hydrolyzed polyacrylamide,molecular weight of 1078×10^(4)g/mol).The supramolecular polymer system possessed excellent proppant suspension properties with a 0.55 cm/min sedimentation rate at 0.4 wt%,whereas the0.6 wt%traditional polymer had a rate of 0.57 cm/min.In comparison to the traditional gel with a Zrcrosslinker concentration of 0.6 wt%and an elastic modulus of 7.77 Pa,the double network gel with a higher elastic modulus(9.00 Pa)could be formed only at 0.1 wt%Zr-crosslinker,which greatly reduced the amount of residue of the fluid after gel-breaking.The viscosity of the double network gel was66 m Pa s after 2 h shearing,whereas the traditional gel only reached 27 m Pa s.展开更多
Thermoelectric(TE)generators capable of converting thermal energy into applicable electricity have gained great popularity among emerging energy conversion technologies.Biopolymer-based ionic thermoelectric(i-TE)mater...Thermoelectric(TE)generators capable of converting thermal energy into applicable electricity have gained great popularity among emerging energy conversion technologies.Biopolymer-based ionic thermoelectric(i-TE)materials are promising candidates for energy conversion systems because of their wide sources,innocuity,and low manufacturing cost.However,common physically crosslinked biopolymer gels induced by single hydrogen bonding or hydrophobic interaction suffer from low differential thermal voltage and poor thermodynamic stability.Here,we develop a novel i-TE gel with supramolecular structures through multiple noncovalent interactions between ionic liquids(ILs)and gelatin molecular chains.The thermopower and thermoelectric power factor of the ionic gels are as high as 2.83 mV K-1 and 18.33μW m^(-1)K^(-2),respectively.The quasi-solid-state gelatin-[EMIM]DCA i-TE cells achieve ultrahigh 2 h output energy density(E_(2h)=9.9 mJ m^(-2))under an optimal temperature range.Meanwhile,the remarkable stability of the supramolecular structure provides the i-TE hydrogels with a thermal stability of up to 80℃.It breaks the limitation that biopolymer-based i-TE gels can only be applied in the low temperature range and enables biopolymer-based i-TE materials to pursue better performance in a higher temperature range.展开更多
Compared to traditional polymer hydrogels,supramolecular hydrogels exhibits superior reversibility and stimulus response due to the instantaneous and reversible nature of non-covalent bonds.In this paper,we utilized t...Compared to traditional polymer hydrogels,supramolecular hydrogels exhibits superior reversibility and stimulus response due to the instantaneous and reversible nature of non-covalent bonds.In this paper,we utilized the host-guest exclusion interaction between Decamethylcucurbit[5]uril(Me_(10)Q[5])and the 2,7-diaminofluorenedihydrochloride(DAF·HCl)to construct a Q[n]-based hydrogel system.The composition,structure,and properties of the hydrogel were compre-hensively characterized using rheometer,nuclear magnetic resonance,scanning electron microscope.This cost-effective and straightforward hydrogel synthesis method paves the way for the scalable production of practical and commercially viable Q[n]-based hydrogels.展开更多
The excellent mechanical properties of supramolecular gel could adapt to the complex reservoir environment and had broad application prospects in the field of oil and gas drilling and production engineering.In this pa...The excellent mechanical properties of supramolecular gel could adapt to the complex reservoir environment and had broad application prospects in the field of oil and gas drilling and production engineering.In this paper,a supramolecular gel based on hydrophobic association and hydrogen bonding was prepared by micellar copolymerization,which could be used to plug fractures and pores in formations.Supramolecular gel was a gel network system with high performance characteristics formed by self-assembly of non-covalent bond interaction.The rheological properties,mechanical mechanics,temperature resistance and swelling ability of supramolecular gel were studied.The results showed that the supramolecular gel had a dense three-dimensional network structure with open and interconnected pore structures,which could exhibit good rheological properties and strong viscoelastic recovery ability.The mechanical properties of the supramolecular gel were excellent,it had a tensile stress of 0.703 MPa and an elongation at break of 1803%.When the compressive strain was 96%,the compressive stress could reach 14.5 MPa.Supramolecular gel also showed good temperature resistance and swelling properties.At the aging temperature of 135℃,supramolecular gels still maintained good gel strength,and it only took 12 h to reach the equilibrium swelling ratio of 35.87 in 1%NaCl solution.It was also found that supramolecular gel in low concentration saline(1%NaCl solution)showed relatively faster swelling than high concentration saline(25%NaCl solution).The swelling process of the supramolecular gel was non-Fick diffusion(typeⅡ).This indicated that the organic/inorganic permeability network was well formed.Therefore,the diffusion rate of small molecules could be guaranteed to be equal to the relaxation rate of large molecules before and after the phase transition temperature.In addition to the diffusion of water molecules,the swelling process of the supramolecular gel was also affected by the relaxation of gel network and polymer chain segment,the interaction between water molecules and polymer network and the groups of polymer network and other factors.Supramolecular gel particles could be used as plugging materials for drilling fluids,which had excellent ability to plug formation fractures and pores.The plugging ability of the supramolecular gel was up to 6.7 MPa for 0.5 mm fracture width,and 9.6 MPa for porous media with 5 mD permeability.Compared with HT-PPG gel particles commonly used in oil fields,supramolecular gel particles had better plugging ability on fractures and porous media.The development and application of supramolecular gel had far-reaching significance for promoting the functional application of polymer materials in drilling and production engineering.展开更多
Multifunctional supramolecular ultra-tough bionic e-skin with unique durability for human–machine interaction in complex scenarios still remains challenging.Herein,we develop a skininspired ultra-tough e-skin with tu...Multifunctional supramolecular ultra-tough bionic e-skin with unique durability for human–machine interaction in complex scenarios still remains challenging.Herein,we develop a skininspired ultra-tough e-skin with tunable mechanical properties by a physical cross-linking salting-freezing-thawing method.The gelling agent(β-Glycerophosphate sodium:Gp)induces the aggregation and binding of PVA molecular chains and thereby toughens them(stress up to 5.79 MPa,toughness up to 13.96 MJ m^(−3)).Notably,due to molecular self-assembly,hydrogels can be fully recycled and reprocessed by direct heating(100°C for a few seconds),and the tensile strength can still be maintained at about 100%after six recoveries.The hydrogel integrates transparency(>60%),super toughness(up to 13.96 MJ m^(−3),bearing 1500 times of its own tensile weight),good antibacterial properties(E.coli and S.aureus),UV protection(Filtration:80%–90%),high electrical conductivity(4.72 S m^(−1)),anti-swelling and recyclability.The hydrogel can not only monitor daily physiological activities,but also be used for complex activities underwater and message encryption/decryption.We also used it to create a complete finger joint rehabilitation system with an interactive interface that dynamically presents the user’s health status.Our multifunctional electronic skin will have a profound impact on the future of new rehabilitation medical,human–machine interaction,VR/AR and the metaverse fields.展开更多
Two novel two-dimensional(2D)supramolecular organic frameworks were fabricated in water based on the encapsulation-enhanced donor-acceptor interaction between the methyl viologen(MV)units,methoxy naphthyl(MN)units,and...Two novel two-dimensional(2D)supramolecular organic frameworks were fabricated in water based on the encapsulation-enhanced donor-acceptor interaction between the methyl viologen(MV)units,methoxy naphthyl(MN)units,and CB[8].The tetraphenylethylene(TPE)derivatives 1 with four MV units were employed as rigid building blocks and the two MN units modified oligoethylene glycol derivatives 2 and 3 served as flexible edges,respectively.The obtained two SOFs have obvious sheet-like structures and exhibit fluorescence emission at 350-500 nm.In addition,these two SOFs were employed for the luminescent detection of Cr(Ⅵ)and Mn(Ⅶ)in aqueous solutions,and the detection limits of CrO_(4)^(2-),Cr_(2)_(O)_(7)^(2-),and MnO_(4)were calculated in a very low concentration range,indicating that these two SOFs can serve as a potential sensor for Cr(Ⅵ)and Mn(Ⅶ)detection in water.This work constructs two SOFs in an aqueous solution through a facile method and further enriches the applications of SOFs.展开更多
L-valine is a glycogen-type amino acid regarded among the necessary mammalian amino acids.This is an amino acid that is essential for protein synthesis.N-salicylidene-L-valine is gaining a lot of attention because of ...L-valine is a glycogen-type amino acid regarded among the necessary mammalian amino acids.This is an amino acid that is essential for protein synthesis.N-salicylidene-L-valine is gaining a lot of attention because of its unique structure and increased catalytic and cytotoxic activity.We explore the chain of supramolecular dialkyltin N-salicylidene-L-valine complexes 2,3,and 4 to learn more about this structure and its features regarding topological indices.We computed the first and second Randi′c index,harmonic index,sum-connectivity index,atom-bond-connectivity index,geometric arithmetic index and reduced reciprocal Randi′c index of Supramolecular Chain of Different Complexes of N-Salicylidene-L-Valine.Furthermore,we present an analysis of such structures using specific examples,as well as a comparison of topological indices.展开更多
Ethyl cellulose(EC),an important biomass-based material,has excellent film-forming properties.Nevertheless,the high interchain hydrogen bond interaction leads to a high glass transition temperature of EC,which makes i...Ethyl cellulose(EC),an important biomass-based material,has excellent film-forming properties.Nevertheless,the high interchain hydrogen bond interaction leads to a high glass transition temperature of EC,which makes it too brittle to be used widely.The hydroxyl group on EC can form a supramolecular system in the form of a non-covalent bond with an effective plasticizer.In this study,an important vegetable-oil-based derivative named dimer fatty acid was used to prepare a novel special plasticizer for EC.Dimer-fatty-acid-based thioether polyol(DATP)was synthesized and used to modify ethyl cellulose films.The supramolecular composite films of DATP and ethyl cellulose were designed using the newly-formed van der Waals force.The thermal stability,morphology,hydrophilicity,and mechanical properties of the composite films were all tested.Pure EC is fragile,and the addition of DATP makes the ethyl cellulose films more flexible.The elongation at the break of EC supramolecular films increased and the tensile strength decreased with the increasing DATP content.The elongation at the break of EC/DATP(60/40)and EC/DATP(50/50)was up to 40.3%and 43.4%,respectively.Noticeably,the thermal initial degradation temperature of the film with 10%DATP is higher than that of pure EC,which may be attributed to the formation of a better supramolecular system in this composite film.The application of bio-based material(EC)is environmentally friendly,and the novel DATP can be used as a special and effective plasticizer to prepare flexible EC films,making it more widely used in energy,chemical industry,materials,agriculture,medicine,and other fields.展开更多
Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of 30%supramolecular salicylic acid combined with Yufa spray dressing in the treatment of moderate to severe seborrheic dermatitis(seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp,SDS).Met...Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of 30%supramolecular salicylic acid combined with Yufa spray dressing in the treatment of moderate to severe seborrheic dermatitis(seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp,SDS).Methods:From January 2020 to December 2021,150 patients with SDS,who were treated in the Dermatology Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University,were randomly divided into two groups,a treatment group and a control group,with 75 cases in each group.The treatment group was given 30%supramolecular salicylic acid combined with Yufa spray dressing on the basis of external medicine given to the control group,while the control group was given oral medicine combined with external medicine.Results:The difference in scores of erythema,scales,pruritus,and folliculitis of the treatment group before and after treatment was significant(P<0.01),indicating that supramolecular salicylic acid combined with Yufa spray dressing can relieve the symptoms of SDS.The difference in scores of erythema of the control group before and after treatment was significant as well(P<0.05),indicating that traditional antibiotics are also effective in treating SDS;however,there was no significant difference(P>0.05)in the scores of other signs and symptoms,such as scales,pruritus,and folliculitis,before and after treatment,indicating that traditional antibiotics have no obvious curative effect on SDS.After 12 weeks of treatment,the improvement in erythema,scaling,and folliculitis was significantly greater in the treatment group compared with the control group(P<0.05).Curative effect comparison showed that the total effective rate of the treatment group was 80.00%,compared with 25.67%of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:30%supramolecular salicylic acid combined with Yufa spray dressing can significantly improve the therapeutic effect in moderate to severe SDS;the recurrence rate is lower,the course of treatment is shorted,and patients generally feel better;thus,it is a new option for the treatment of dermatitis.展开更多
目的:探讨氨甲环酸联合超分子水杨酸换肤治疗黄褐斑临床疗效及对血清丙二醛(MDA),雌二醇(E2)水平的影响。方法:将2019年12月-2021年12月合肥市第二人民医院皮肤科经治的116例黄褐斑患者随机分为对照组(58例,口服氨甲环酸片)和观察组(58...目的:探讨氨甲环酸联合超分子水杨酸换肤治疗黄褐斑临床疗效及对血清丙二醛(MDA),雌二醇(E2)水平的影响。方法:将2019年12月-2021年12月合肥市第二人民医院皮肤科经治的116例黄褐斑患者随机分为对照组(58例,口服氨甲环酸片)和观察组(58例,口服氨甲环酸片联合30%超分子水杨酸治疗),两组患者均治疗20周。比较两组患者临床疗效[医生整体评价(Physician's global assessment,PGA)、黄褐斑面积和严重指数(Melasma area and severity index,MASI)、皮损评分、经表皮水分流失及皮肤角质层含水量]、主观指标(满意度、睡眠及精神状态)及血清MDA、E2水平。结果:观察组有效率93.10%高于对照组63.79%(P<0.05);两组治疗后MASI、皮损评分、经表皮水分流失及血清MDA、E2水平均较治疗前下降,且观察组改善优于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后角质层含水量均升高,且观察组升高更显著(P<0.05)。观察组PGA评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后治疗满意度评分、睡眠评分、精神状态评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗期间均未出现不良反应。结论:氨甲环酸联合超分子水杨酸换肤治疗黄褐斑效果显著,并可改善患者氧化应激反应及雌激素水平。展开更多
基金support provided by the UKRI via Grant No.EP/T024607/1Royal Society via grant number IES\R2\222208.
文摘Sustainable agriculture plays a crucial role in meeting the growing global demand for food while minimizing adverse environmental impacts from the overuse of synthetic pesticides and conventional fertilizers.In this context,renewable biopolymers being more sustainable offer a viable solution to improve agricultural sustainability and production.Nano/micro-structural supramolecular biopolymers are among these innovative biopolymers that are much sought after for their unique features.These biomaterials have complex hierarchical structures,great stability,adjustable mechanical strength,stimuli-responsiveness,and self-healing attributes.Functional molecules may be added to their flexible structure,for enabling novel agricultural uses.This overview scrutinizes how nano/micro-structural supramolecular biopolymers may radically alter farming practices and solve lingering problems in agricultural sector namely improve agricultural production,soil health,and resource efficiency.Controlled bioactive ingredient released from biopolymers allows the tailored administration of agrochemicals,bioactive agents,and biostimulators as they enhance nutrient absorption,moisture retention,and root growth.Nano/micro-structural supramolecular biopolymers may protect crops by appending antimicrobials and biosensing entities while their eco-friendliness supports sustainable agriculture.Despite their potential,further studies are warranted to understand and optimize their usage in agricultural domain.This effort seeks to bridge the knowledge gap by investigating their applications,challenges,and future prospects in the agricultural sector.Through experimental investigations and theoretical modeling,this overview aims to provide valuable insights into the practical implementation and optimization of supramolecular biopolymers in sustainable agriculture,ultimately contributing to the development of innovative and eco-friendly solutions to enhance agricultural productivity while minimizing environmental impact.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:U23A20573,U23A20140,22109038Natural Science Foundation of Hebei,Grant/Award Number:B2023208013+1 种基金S&T Program of Hebei,Grant/Award Number:23314401DHebei Pharmaceutical and Chemical Technology Innovation Center,Grant/Award Number:225676121H。
文摘Supercapacitors(SCs)are studied and used in variousfields due to their high power density,fast charging/discharging rate,as well as long cycle life.Compared to other traditional electrode and electrolyte materials,supramolecular hydrogels have great advantages in the application of SCs due to their excellent properties.Unlike covalent bonds,supramolecular systems are assembled through dynamic reversible bonds,including host–guest interactions,ion interactions,electrostatic interactions,hydrogen bonding,coordination interactions,etc.The resulting supramolecular hydrogels show some special functions,such as stretching,compression,adhesion,self-healing,stimulus responsiveness,etc.,making them strong candidates for the next generation of energy storage devices.This paper reviews the representative progress of electrodes,electrolytes,and SCs based on supramolecular hydrogels.Besides,the properties of supramolecular hydrogels,such as conductivity,exten-sibility,compressibility and elasticity,self-healing,frost resistance,adhesion,andflexibility,are also reviewed to highlight the key role of excellent properties of hydro-gel materials in SCs.In addition,this article also discusses the challenges faced by current technologies,hoping to continue promoting future research in thisfield.
基金National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China,Grant/Award Number:21901149General Program of Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province,China,Grant/Award Numbers:202103021224072,202303021211005。
文摘Clusterization-triggered emissive(CTE)materials have attracted great attention in recent years.The regulation of the emission property of materials with CTE property through supramolecular interactions is an excellent strategy for the construction of smartfluorescent materials.In this work,we have pre-pared a regulatable supramolecular polymer network with CTE properties through pillararene-based host-guest interactions.The pillar[5]arene-grafted poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)showed a classic CTE character.After adding Brooker’s merocyanine-grafted polymer to the solution of the pillar[5]arene-containing PMMA,the supramolecular polymer network gel formed by the host-guest inter-actions between pillararene and Brooker’s merocyanine guest.This supramolecular network showed brighterfluorescence than the pillar[5]arene-grafted PMMA in the solid state.In addition,thefluorescence emission of the supramolecular network can be further regulated by pH conditions.After adding an acid,the Brooker’s merocyanine-containing guest polymer was protonated,and the supramolecular net-work changed to a protonated network through host-guest interactions between protonated Brooker’s merocyanine guest and pillararene.Interestingly,thefluores-cence was quenched when the supramolecular network turned into the protonated network.After adding a base,the protonated network can convert back to the origi-nal network,along with recovery of thefluorescence.Therefore,the regulation of thefluorescence of the supramolecular polymer materials with CTE was successfully realized by pillararene-based host-guest interactions.Furthermore,this tailorablefluorescent supramolecular polymer network system was applied as an information encryption material.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52120105007 and 52374062)the Innovation Fund Project for Graduate Students of China University of Petroleum(East China)supported by“the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities”(23CX04047A)。
文摘A gel based on polyacrylamide,exhibiting delayed crosslinking characteristics,emerges as the preferred solution for mitigating degradation under conditions of high temperature and extended shear in ultralong wellbores.High viscosity/viscoelasticity of the fracturing fluid was required to maintain excellent proppant suspension properties before gelling.Taking into account both the cost and the potential damage to reservoirs,polymers with lower concentrations and molecular weights are generally preferred.In this work,the supramolecular action was integrated into the polymer,resulting in significant increases in the viscosity and viscoelasticity of the synthesized supramolecular polymer system.The double network gel,which is formed by the combination of the supramolecular polymer system and a small quantity of Zr-crosslinker,effectively resists temperature while minimizing permeability damage to the reservoir.The results indicate that the supramolecular polymer system with a molecular weight of(268—380)×10^(4)g/mol can achieve the same viscosity and viscoelasticity at 0.4 wt%due to the supramolecular interaction between polymers,compared to the 0.6 wt%traditional polymer(hydrolyzed polyacrylamide,molecular weight of 1078×10^(4)g/mol).The supramolecular polymer system possessed excellent proppant suspension properties with a 0.55 cm/min sedimentation rate at 0.4 wt%,whereas the0.6 wt%traditional polymer had a rate of 0.57 cm/min.In comparison to the traditional gel with a Zrcrosslinker concentration of 0.6 wt%and an elastic modulus of 7.77 Pa,the double network gel with a higher elastic modulus(9.00 Pa)could be formed only at 0.1 wt%Zr-crosslinker,which greatly reduced the amount of residue of the fluid after gel-breaking.The viscosity of the double network gel was66 m Pa s after 2 h shearing,whereas the traditional gel only reached 27 m Pa s.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NNSFC grants 52125301)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘Thermoelectric(TE)generators capable of converting thermal energy into applicable electricity have gained great popularity among emerging energy conversion technologies.Biopolymer-based ionic thermoelectric(i-TE)materials are promising candidates for energy conversion systems because of their wide sources,innocuity,and low manufacturing cost.However,common physically crosslinked biopolymer gels induced by single hydrogen bonding or hydrophobic interaction suffer from low differential thermal voltage and poor thermodynamic stability.Here,we develop a novel i-TE gel with supramolecular structures through multiple noncovalent interactions between ionic liquids(ILs)and gelatin molecular chains.The thermopower and thermoelectric power factor of the ionic gels are as high as 2.83 mV K-1 and 18.33μW m^(-1)K^(-2),respectively.The quasi-solid-state gelatin-[EMIM]DCA i-TE cells achieve ultrahigh 2 h output energy density(E_(2h)=9.9 mJ m^(-2))under an optimal temperature range.Meanwhile,the remarkable stability of the supramolecular structure provides the i-TE hydrogels with a thermal stability of up to 80℃.It breaks the limitation that biopolymer-based i-TE gels can only be applied in the low temperature range and enables biopolymer-based i-TE materials to pursue better performance in a higher temperature range.
文摘Compared to traditional polymer hydrogels,supramolecular hydrogels exhibits superior reversibility and stimulus response due to the instantaneous and reversible nature of non-covalent bonds.In this paper,we utilized the host-guest exclusion interaction between Decamethylcucurbit[5]uril(Me_(10)Q[5])and the 2,7-diaminofluorenedihydrochloride(DAF·HCl)to construct a Q[n]-based hydrogel system.The composition,structure,and properties of the hydrogel were compre-hensively characterized using rheometer,nuclear magnetic resonance,scanning electron microscope.This cost-effective and straightforward hydrogel synthesis method paves the way for the scalable production of practical and commercially viable Q[n]-based hydrogels.
基金This research is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 52074327,52288101)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2020QE107).
文摘The excellent mechanical properties of supramolecular gel could adapt to the complex reservoir environment and had broad application prospects in the field of oil and gas drilling and production engineering.In this paper,a supramolecular gel based on hydrophobic association and hydrogen bonding was prepared by micellar copolymerization,which could be used to plug fractures and pores in formations.Supramolecular gel was a gel network system with high performance characteristics formed by self-assembly of non-covalent bond interaction.The rheological properties,mechanical mechanics,temperature resistance and swelling ability of supramolecular gel were studied.The results showed that the supramolecular gel had a dense three-dimensional network structure with open and interconnected pore structures,which could exhibit good rheological properties and strong viscoelastic recovery ability.The mechanical properties of the supramolecular gel were excellent,it had a tensile stress of 0.703 MPa and an elongation at break of 1803%.When the compressive strain was 96%,the compressive stress could reach 14.5 MPa.Supramolecular gel also showed good temperature resistance and swelling properties.At the aging temperature of 135℃,supramolecular gels still maintained good gel strength,and it only took 12 h to reach the equilibrium swelling ratio of 35.87 in 1%NaCl solution.It was also found that supramolecular gel in low concentration saline(1%NaCl solution)showed relatively faster swelling than high concentration saline(25%NaCl solution).The swelling process of the supramolecular gel was non-Fick diffusion(typeⅡ).This indicated that the organic/inorganic permeability network was well formed.Therefore,the diffusion rate of small molecules could be guaranteed to be equal to the relaxation rate of large molecules before and after the phase transition temperature.In addition to the diffusion of water molecules,the swelling process of the supramolecular gel was also affected by the relaxation of gel network and polymer chain segment,the interaction between water molecules and polymer network and the groups of polymer network and other factors.Supramolecular gel particles could be used as plugging materials for drilling fluids,which had excellent ability to plug formation fractures and pores.The plugging ability of the supramolecular gel was up to 6.7 MPa for 0.5 mm fracture width,and 9.6 MPa for porous media with 5 mD permeability.Compared with HT-PPG gel particles commonly used in oil fields,supramolecular gel particles had better plugging ability on fractures and porous media.The development and application of supramolecular gel had far-reaching significance for promoting the functional application of polymer materials in drilling and production engineering.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201179)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020A1515110126 and 2021A1515010130)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N2119006 and N2224001-10)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Multifunctional supramolecular ultra-tough bionic e-skin with unique durability for human–machine interaction in complex scenarios still remains challenging.Herein,we develop a skininspired ultra-tough e-skin with tunable mechanical properties by a physical cross-linking salting-freezing-thawing method.The gelling agent(β-Glycerophosphate sodium:Gp)induces the aggregation and binding of PVA molecular chains and thereby toughens them(stress up to 5.79 MPa,toughness up to 13.96 MJ m^(−3)).Notably,due to molecular self-assembly,hydrogels can be fully recycled and reprocessed by direct heating(100°C for a few seconds),and the tensile strength can still be maintained at about 100%after six recoveries.The hydrogel integrates transparency(>60%),super toughness(up to 13.96 MJ m^(−3),bearing 1500 times of its own tensile weight),good antibacterial properties(E.coli and S.aureus),UV protection(Filtration:80%–90%),high electrical conductivity(4.72 S m^(−1)),anti-swelling and recyclability.The hydrogel can not only monitor daily physiological activities,but also be used for complex activities underwater and message encryption/decryption.We also used it to create a complete finger joint rehabilitation system with an interactive interface that dynamically presents the user’s health status.Our multifunctional electronic skin will have a profound impact on the future of new rehabilitation medical,human–machine interaction,VR/AR and the metaverse fields.
基金We are grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52205210 and 22005179)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020MB018,ZR2022QE033,ZR2021QB049,and ZR2020QB113).
文摘Two novel two-dimensional(2D)supramolecular organic frameworks were fabricated in water based on the encapsulation-enhanced donor-acceptor interaction between the methyl viologen(MV)units,methoxy naphthyl(MN)units,and CB[8].The tetraphenylethylene(TPE)derivatives 1 with four MV units were employed as rigid building blocks and the two MN units modified oligoethylene glycol derivatives 2 and 3 served as flexible edges,respectively.The obtained two SOFs have obvious sheet-like structures and exhibit fluorescence emission at 350-500 nm.In addition,these two SOFs were employed for the luminescent detection of Cr(Ⅵ)and Mn(Ⅶ)in aqueous solutions,and the detection limits of CrO_(4)^(2-),Cr_(2)_(O)_(7)^(2-),and MnO_(4)were calculated in a very low concentration range,indicating that these two SOFs can serve as a potential sensor for Cr(Ⅵ)and Mn(Ⅶ)detection in water.This work constructs two SOFs in an aqueous solution through a facile method and further enriches the applications of SOFs.
文摘L-valine is a glycogen-type amino acid regarded among the necessary mammalian amino acids.This is an amino acid that is essential for protein synthesis.N-salicylidene-L-valine is gaining a lot of attention because of its unique structure and increased catalytic and cytotoxic activity.We explore the chain of supramolecular dialkyltin N-salicylidene-L-valine complexes 2,3,and 4 to learn more about this structure and its features regarding topological indices.We computed the first and second Randi′c index,harmonic index,sum-connectivity index,atom-bond-connectivity index,geometric arithmetic index and reduced reciprocal Randi′c index of Supramolecular Chain of Different Complexes of N-Salicylidene-L-Valine.Furthermore,we present an analysis of such structures using specific examples,as well as a comparison of topological indices.
基金supported by Jiangsu Province Biomass Energy and Materials Laboratory,China(Grant No.JSBEM-S-202007).
文摘Ethyl cellulose(EC),an important biomass-based material,has excellent film-forming properties.Nevertheless,the high interchain hydrogen bond interaction leads to a high glass transition temperature of EC,which makes it too brittle to be used widely.The hydroxyl group on EC can form a supramolecular system in the form of a non-covalent bond with an effective plasticizer.In this study,an important vegetable-oil-based derivative named dimer fatty acid was used to prepare a novel special plasticizer for EC.Dimer-fatty-acid-based thioether polyol(DATP)was synthesized and used to modify ethyl cellulose films.The supramolecular composite films of DATP and ethyl cellulose were designed using the newly-formed van der Waals force.The thermal stability,morphology,hydrophilicity,and mechanical properties of the composite films were all tested.Pure EC is fragile,and the addition of DATP makes the ethyl cellulose films more flexible.The elongation at the break of EC supramolecular films increased and the tensile strength decreased with the increasing DATP content.The elongation at the break of EC/DATP(60/40)and EC/DATP(50/50)was up to 40.3%and 43.4%,respectively.Noticeably,the thermal initial degradation temperature of the film with 10%DATP is higher than that of pure EC,which may be attributed to the formation of a better supramolecular system in this composite film.The application of bio-based material(EC)is environmentally friendly,and the novel DATP can be used as a special and effective plasticizer to prepare flexible EC films,making it more widely used in energy,chemical industry,materials,agriculture,medicine,and other fields.
文摘Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of 30%supramolecular salicylic acid combined with Yufa spray dressing in the treatment of moderate to severe seborrheic dermatitis(seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp,SDS).Methods:From January 2020 to December 2021,150 patients with SDS,who were treated in the Dermatology Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Medical University,were randomly divided into two groups,a treatment group and a control group,with 75 cases in each group.The treatment group was given 30%supramolecular salicylic acid combined with Yufa spray dressing on the basis of external medicine given to the control group,while the control group was given oral medicine combined with external medicine.Results:The difference in scores of erythema,scales,pruritus,and folliculitis of the treatment group before and after treatment was significant(P<0.01),indicating that supramolecular salicylic acid combined with Yufa spray dressing can relieve the symptoms of SDS.The difference in scores of erythema of the control group before and after treatment was significant as well(P<0.05),indicating that traditional antibiotics are also effective in treating SDS;however,there was no significant difference(P>0.05)in the scores of other signs and symptoms,such as scales,pruritus,and folliculitis,before and after treatment,indicating that traditional antibiotics have no obvious curative effect on SDS.After 12 weeks of treatment,the improvement in erythema,scaling,and folliculitis was significantly greater in the treatment group compared with the control group(P<0.05).Curative effect comparison showed that the total effective rate of the treatment group was 80.00%,compared with 25.67%of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:30%supramolecular salicylic acid combined with Yufa spray dressing can significantly improve the therapeutic effect in moderate to severe SDS;the recurrence rate is lower,the course of treatment is shorted,and patients generally feel better;thus,it is a new option for the treatment of dermatitis.
文摘目的:探讨氨甲环酸联合超分子水杨酸换肤治疗黄褐斑临床疗效及对血清丙二醛(MDA),雌二醇(E2)水平的影响。方法:将2019年12月-2021年12月合肥市第二人民医院皮肤科经治的116例黄褐斑患者随机分为对照组(58例,口服氨甲环酸片)和观察组(58例,口服氨甲环酸片联合30%超分子水杨酸治疗),两组患者均治疗20周。比较两组患者临床疗效[医生整体评价(Physician's global assessment,PGA)、黄褐斑面积和严重指数(Melasma area and severity index,MASI)、皮损评分、经表皮水分流失及皮肤角质层含水量]、主观指标(满意度、睡眠及精神状态)及血清MDA、E2水平。结果:观察组有效率93.10%高于对照组63.79%(P<0.05);两组治疗后MASI、皮损评分、经表皮水分流失及血清MDA、E2水平均较治疗前下降,且观察组改善优于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后角质层含水量均升高,且观察组升高更显著(P<0.05)。观察组PGA评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后治疗满意度评分、睡眠评分、精神状态评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗期间均未出现不良反应。结论:氨甲环酸联合超分子水杨酸换肤治疗黄褐斑效果显著,并可改善患者氧化应激反应及雌激素水平。
