Three main parameters were selected to study their importance in transformation by budmicroinjection in non-head Chinese cabbage [Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis (L.) Makinovar. communis Tsen et Lee]. The results s...Three main parameters were selected to study their importance in transformation by budmicroinjection in non-head Chinese cabbage [Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis (L.) Makinovar. communis Tsen et Lee]. The results showed that the developmental stage of floral bud, theconcentrations of sucrose and surfactant Silwet L-77 were critical for the successfultransformation by this new method. The suitable bud size is 2-3 mm in length, the favorableconcentration of sucrose and surfactant Silwet L-77 are 8 and 0.02% respectively. When thesucrose concentration was greater than 10% or that of Silwet L-77 was above 0.1%, the treatedbuds became yellow and finally blighted. 4/6 T1 seedlings resistant to kanamycin were positiveby PCR analysis, and T2 progeny of all these positive T1 plants have one or more hybridizingbands by Southern blot. Under 5% sucrose, 0.02% Silwet L-77 and grade 2 bud (2-3 mm in itslength) parameters, the most favorable transformation efficiency is about 0.56%, and meanefficiency reaches 0.16% in all experiments indicating that bud microinjection is potentialtransformation way in non-head Chinese cabbage.展开更多
Surface morphology and deuterium retention in ultrafine-grained tungsten fabricated by equal-channel angular pressing（ECAP） have been examined after exposure to a low energy,high-flux deuterium（D） plasma at fluenc...Surface morphology and deuterium retention in ultrafine-grained tungsten fabricated by equal-channel angular pressing（ECAP） have been examined after exposure to a low energy,high-flux deuterium（D） plasma at fluences of 3×10^24 D/m^2 and 1×10^25 D/m^2 in a temperature range of 100 ℃-150 ℃.The methods used were scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and thermal desorption spectroscopy（TDS）.Sparse and small blisters（0.1 μm） were observed by SEM after D plasma irradiation on every irradiated surface;yet they did not exhibit significant structure or plasma fluence dependence.Larger blisters or protrusions appeared after subsequent TDS heating up to 1000 ℃.The TDS results showed a single D desorption peak at 220℃ for all samples and the D retention increased with increasing numbers of extrusion passes,i.e.,the decrease of grain sizes.The increased D retention in this low temperature range should be attributed to the faster diffusion of D along the larger volume fraction of grain boundaries introduced by ECAP.展开更多
【目的】探究酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)对双斑蟋(Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer)生长性能及其肠道细菌的影响。【方法】对比以基础饲料和添加酿酒酵母饲料为食的双斑蟋的生长发育指标,并选出酿酒酵母的最优添加量组;对最优组...【目的】探究酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)对双斑蟋(Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer)生长性能及其肠道细菌的影响。【方法】对比以基础饲料和添加酿酒酵母饲料为食的双斑蟋的生长发育指标,并选出酿酒酵母的最优添加量组;对最优组与对照组个体分别进行肠道细菌分析,对比两组之间的菌群分布特点,找出差异菌群。【结果】(1)饲料中添加不同密度的酿酒酵母均可提高双斑蟋的成虫取食量和平均质量,且添加量为5×10^(4) CFU/g时效果最明显。(2)双斑蟋食用添加酿酒酵母的饲料后,肠道菌群与对照组相比差异显著,拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)转变为高丰度菌群,推测可能是酿酒酵母有益于该门菌群繁衍。(3)PICRUSt2功能预测表明:试验组双斑蟋肠道内与氨基酸代谢和核苷酸代谢有关的细菌群落相对丰度显著高于对照组,但与信号转导和膜转运相关的细菌群落相对丰度较低。【结论】双斑蟋食用添加酿酒酵母的饲料后,可在一定程度上改善其取食量和平均质量,并提高机体肠道内细菌的α多样性及细菌群落的代谢能力。展开更多
文摘Three main parameters were selected to study their importance in transformation by budmicroinjection in non-head Chinese cabbage [Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis (L.) Makinovar. communis Tsen et Lee]. The results showed that the developmental stage of floral bud, theconcentrations of sucrose and surfactant Silwet L-77 were critical for the successfultransformation by this new method. The suitable bud size is 2-3 mm in length, the favorableconcentration of sucrose and surfactant Silwet L-77 are 8 and 0.02% respectively. When thesucrose concentration was greater than 10% or that of Silwet L-77 was above 0.1%, the treatedbuds became yellow and finally blighted. 4/6 T1 seedlings resistant to kanamycin were positiveby PCR analysis, and T2 progeny of all these positive T1 plants have one or more hybridizingbands by Southern blot. Under 5% sucrose, 0.02% Silwet L-77 and grade 2 bud (2-3 mm in itslength) parameters, the most favorable transformation efficiency is about 0.56%, and meanefficiency reaches 0.16% in all experiments indicating that bud microinjection is potentialtransformation way in non-head Chinese cabbage.
基金supported by the National Magnetic Confinement Fusion Science Program of China(Nos.2013GB105001,2013GB105002,2015GB109001)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11305213,11405201)+1 种基金Technological Development Grant of Hefei Science Center of CAS(No.2014TDG-HSC003)China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists(No.51325103)
文摘Surface morphology and deuterium retention in ultrafine-grained tungsten fabricated by equal-channel angular pressing（ECAP） have been examined after exposure to a low energy,high-flux deuterium（D） plasma at fluences of 3×10^24 D/m^2 and 1×10^25 D/m^2 in a temperature range of 100 ℃-150 ℃.The methods used were scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and thermal desorption spectroscopy（TDS）.Sparse and small blisters（0.1 μm） were observed by SEM after D plasma irradiation on every irradiated surface;yet they did not exhibit significant structure or plasma fluence dependence.Larger blisters or protrusions appeared after subsequent TDS heating up to 1000 ℃.The TDS results showed a single D desorption peak at 220℃ for all samples and the D retention increased with increasing numbers of extrusion passes,i.e.,the decrease of grain sizes.The increased D retention in this low temperature range should be attributed to the faster diffusion of D along the larger volume fraction of grain boundaries introduced by ECAP.
