The United States of America faces an increasing number of threats to its critical infrastructure due to cyber-attacks. With the constant advancement of technology and the interconnectedness of various systems, the vu...The United States of America faces an increasing number of threats to its critical infrastructure due to cyber-attacks. With the constant advancement of technology and the interconnectedness of various systems, the vulnerabilities in the nation’s infrastructure have become more pronounced. Cyber-attacks on critical infrastructure, such as power grids, transportation networks, and financial systems, pose a significant risk to national security and public safety. These attacks can disrupt essential services, cause economic losses, and potentially have severe consequences for the well-being of individuals and communities. The rise of cyber-terrorism is also a concern. Cyber-terrorists can exploit vulnerabilities in cyberspace to compromise infrastructure systems, causing chaos and panic among the population. The potential for destructive attacks on critical infrastructure is a pressing issue requiring constant attention and proactive measures.展开更多
The increasing utilization of digital technologies presents risks to critical systems due to exploitation by terrorists. Cybersecurity entails proactive and reactive measures designed to protect software and electroni...The increasing utilization of digital technologies presents risks to critical systems due to exploitation by terrorists. Cybersecurity entails proactive and reactive measures designed to protect software and electronic devices from any threats. However, the rising cases of cyber threats are carried out by domestic terrorists who share particular ideologies or grievances. This paper analyzes the increasing cyber-attack instances and mechanisms to counter these threats. Additionally, it addresses the growing concern of domestic terrorism and its impact on national security. Finally, it provides an overview of gaps and possible areas of future research to promote cybersecurity.展开更多
针对恐怖袭击事件文本语料库匮乏的问题,文章制定了恐怖袭击事件的实体标注规范,通过对全球恐怖主义数据库(GTD)的数据进行实体标注,构建了恐怖袭击事件的实体语料库。同时,针对数据标注工作的高人力和高时间成本问题,由于百度通用信息...针对恐怖袭击事件文本语料库匮乏的问题,文章制定了恐怖袭击事件的实体标注规范,通过对全球恐怖主义数据库(GTD)的数据进行实体标注,构建了恐怖袭击事件的实体语料库。同时,针对数据标注工作的高人力和高时间成本问题,由于百度通用信息抽取(Universal Information Extraction,UIE)模型在极小样本上具有较强的泛化能力,采用UIE模型进行辅助标注。实验结果证明了标注方案的有效性,并在一定程度上减少了标注时间。展开更多
Background:Since the 1970 s,terrorist bombings in subways have been frequently occurring worldwide.To cope with this threat and to provide medical response countermeasures,we analyzed the characteristics of subway bom...Background:Since the 1970 s,terrorist bombings in subways have been frequently occurring worldwide.To cope with this threat and to provide medical response countermeasures,we analyzed the characteristics of subway bombing terrorist attacks and used the Haddon matrix to explore medical response strategies.Methods:First,we analyzed 111 subway bombings from 1970 to 2017 recorded in the Global Terrorism Database to provide a reference for the strategy exploration.Then,we convened an expert panel to use the Haddon matrix to explore the medical response strategies to subway bombings.Results:In recent decades,at least one bombing attack occurs every 3 years.Summarized by the Haddon matrix,the influencing factors of medical responses to conventional subway bombings include the adequacy of first-aid kits and the medical evacuation equipment,the traffic conditions affecting the evacuation,the continuity and stability of communication,as well as the factors exclusively attributed to dirty bomb attacks in subways,such as ionizing radiation protection capabilities,the structure of the radiation sickness treatment network based on the subway lines,and the disposal of radioactive sewage.These factors form the basis of the strategy discussion.Conclusions:Since subway bombings are long-term threats,it is necessary to have proper medical response preparation.Based on the Haddon matrix,we explored the medical response strategies for terrorist subway bombings,especially dirty bomb attacks.Haddon matrix can help policymakers systematically find the most important factors,which makes the preparations of the response more efficient.展开更多
文摘The United States of America faces an increasing number of threats to its critical infrastructure due to cyber-attacks. With the constant advancement of technology and the interconnectedness of various systems, the vulnerabilities in the nation’s infrastructure have become more pronounced. Cyber-attacks on critical infrastructure, such as power grids, transportation networks, and financial systems, pose a significant risk to national security and public safety. These attacks can disrupt essential services, cause economic losses, and potentially have severe consequences for the well-being of individuals and communities. The rise of cyber-terrorism is also a concern. Cyber-terrorists can exploit vulnerabilities in cyberspace to compromise infrastructure systems, causing chaos and panic among the population. The potential for destructive attacks on critical infrastructure is a pressing issue requiring constant attention and proactive measures.
文摘The increasing utilization of digital technologies presents risks to critical systems due to exploitation by terrorists. Cybersecurity entails proactive and reactive measures designed to protect software and electronic devices from any threats. However, the rising cases of cyber threats are carried out by domestic terrorists who share particular ideologies or grievances. This paper analyzes the increasing cyber-attack instances and mechanisms to counter these threats. Additionally, it addresses the growing concern of domestic terrorism and its impact on national security. Finally, it provides an overview of gaps and possible areas of future research to promote cybersecurity.
文摘针对恐怖袭击事件文本语料库匮乏的问题,文章制定了恐怖袭击事件的实体标注规范,通过对全球恐怖主义数据库(GTD)的数据进行实体标注,构建了恐怖袭击事件的实体语料库。同时,针对数据标注工作的高人力和高时间成本问题,由于百度通用信息抽取(Universal Information Extraction,UIE)模型在极小样本上具有较强的泛化能力,采用UIE模型进行辅助标注。实验结果证明了标注方案的有效性,并在一定程度上减少了标注时间。
文摘Background:Since the 1970 s,terrorist bombings in subways have been frequently occurring worldwide.To cope with this threat and to provide medical response countermeasures,we analyzed the characteristics of subway bombing terrorist attacks and used the Haddon matrix to explore medical response strategies.Methods:First,we analyzed 111 subway bombings from 1970 to 2017 recorded in the Global Terrorism Database to provide a reference for the strategy exploration.Then,we convened an expert panel to use the Haddon matrix to explore the medical response strategies to subway bombings.Results:In recent decades,at least one bombing attack occurs every 3 years.Summarized by the Haddon matrix,the influencing factors of medical responses to conventional subway bombings include the adequacy of first-aid kits and the medical evacuation equipment,the traffic conditions affecting the evacuation,the continuity and stability of communication,as well as the factors exclusively attributed to dirty bomb attacks in subways,such as ionizing radiation protection capabilities,the structure of the radiation sickness treatment network based on the subway lines,and the disposal of radioactive sewage.These factors form the basis of the strategy discussion.Conclusions:Since subway bombings are long-term threats,it is necessary to have proper medical response preparation.Based on the Haddon matrix,we explored the medical response strategies for terrorist subway bombings,especially dirty bomb attacks.Haddon matrix can help policymakers systematically find the most important factors,which makes the preparations of the response more efficient.
