The Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) is a 34 kW low enriched uranium (LEU) Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR), tank-in-pool type and cooled by natural circulation under atmospheric pressure operating conditions...The Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) is a 34 kW low enriched uranium (LEU) Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR), tank-in-pool type and cooled by natural circulation under atmospheric pressure operating conditions. GHARR-1 is owned by Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) and operated by National Nuclear Research Institute (NNRI), one of the institutes of GAEC. GHARR-1 is housed by Nuclear Reactors Research Centre (NRRC), one of the Centres of NNRI. Management/Administration, Radiation protection, Reactor operation and maintenance, Reactor utilization and Physical protection are the various systems/units that integrate to manage the activities of operation and utilization of GHARR-1 in addition to the quality assurance and quality control management system of the research reactor facility. The GHARR-1 which is currently in operation follows a robust maintenance culture adopted by the management system and this has made it possible to keep the reactor in operation with minimal interruption. The management system activities adopted at the Centre to ensure safety of the workers, public and the research reactor facility include authorization of the operation of the reactor for any experiments/modifications;providing material and financial resources for maintaining the research reactor facility;following standard procedures while carrying out Neutron Activation Analysis;participation in IAEA proficiency test;irradiation sites/positions characterization;following standard procedures while carrying out reactor operation and maintenance including reactor and pool water purification and other related activities;monitoring radiation levels in the controlled, supervised and uncontrolled areas of the research reactor facility as well as during reactor operation and maintenance;controlling the physical entry of the workers and public into the research reactor facility;and ensuring that the security structures provided to protect the reactor facility are functioning properly. The thorough knowledge on the functions of the various components that make up the electrical/electronic and control systems of the reactor has been observed to be important for continuous successful maintenance of the research reactor to keep the reactor in operation. This work provides some management system activities adopted to monitor the activities of the research reactor operation and utilization to guarantee safety of workers, public and the environment as well as to safeguard a continuous operation of the research reactor. These management system activities adopted among others, are in the form of Monitoring Forms provided for monitoring the activities of the research reactor operation and utilization in order to ensure standard procedures and specifications are followed and quality services are rendered to the public.展开更多
A test system is developed for the BESIII ETOF/MRPC beam tests of data acquisition, environment monitoring and automatic control. The software framework is based on the CAMAC bus, VME bus and Serial Port,which are res...A test system is developed for the BESIII ETOF/MRPC beam tests of data acquisition, environment monitoring and automatic control. The software framework is based on the CAMAC bus, VME bus and Serial Port,which are responsible for communications with the detectors. The monitor system works well in the beam test.展开更多
Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is a chronic autoimmune condition that destroys insulinproducing beta cells in the pancreas,leading to insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia.The management of T1D primarily focuses on exogenous insu...Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is a chronic autoimmune condition that destroys insulinproducing beta cells in the pancreas,leading to insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia.The management of T1D primarily focuses on exogenous insulin replacement to control blood glucose levels.However,this approach does not address the underlying autoimmune process or prevent the progressive loss of beta cells.Recent research has explored the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)as a novel intervention to modify the disease course and delay the onset of T1D.GLP-1RAs are medications initially developed for treating type 2 diabetes.They exert their effects by enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion,suppressing glucagon secretion,and slowing gastric emptying.Emerging evidence suggests that GLP-1RAs may also benefit the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with T1D.This article aims to highlight the potential of GLP-1RAs as an intervention to delay the onset of T1D,possibly through their potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and preservation of beta-cells.This article aims to explore the potential of shifting the paradigm of T1D management from reactive insulin replacement to proactive disease modification,which should open new avenues for preventing and treating T1D,improving the quality of life and long-term outcomes for individuals at risk of T1D.展开更多
Metal mineral resources play an indispensable role in the development of the national economy.Dynamic disasters in underground metal mines seriously threaten mining safety,which are major scientific and technological ...Metal mineral resources play an indispensable role in the development of the national economy.Dynamic disasters in underground metal mines seriously threaten mining safety,which are major scientific and technological problems to be solved urgently.In this article,the occurrence status and grand challenges of some typical dynamic disasters involving roof falling,spalling,collapse,large deformation,rockburst,surface subsidence,and water inrush in metal mines in China are systematically presented,the characteristics of mining-induced dynamic disasters are analyzed,the examples of dynamic disasters occurring in some metal mines in China are summarized,the occurrence mechanism,monitoring and early warning methods,and prevention and control techniques of these disasters are highlighted,and some new opinions,suggestions,and solutions are proposed simultaneously.Moreover,some shortcomings in current disaster research are pointed out,and the direction of efforts to improve the prevention and control level of dynamic disasters in China’s metal mines in the future is prospected.The integration of forward-looking key innovative theories and technologies in the abovementioned aspects will greatly enhance the cognitive level of disaster prevention and mitigation in China’s metal mining industry and achieve a significant shift from passive disaster relief to active disaster prevention.展开更多
Foodborne disease is a worldwide il ness and over 1 bil ion people get diseased every year. In China, thousands of foodborne diseases occur every year. It is proved that prevention is the most crucial for control ing ...Foodborne disease is a worldwide il ness and over 1 bil ion people get diseased every year. In China, thousands of foodborne diseases occur every year. It is proved that prevention is the most crucial for control ing foodborne disease. In the research, food safety monitoring system, laws and early warning system in the US and EU were introduced to explore the successful experience and monitoring or control mode suitable for China.展开更多
The GPS-only system is limited in dam surface monitoring because of its low availability and reliability due to the visible satellites are not enough. This dilemma is expected to be solved through incorporating the Ch...The GPS-only system is limited in dam surface monitoring because of its low availability and reliability due to the visible satellites are not enough. This dilemma is expected to be solved through incorporating the China’s BeiDou System(BDS). This contribution will quantitatively analyse the availability and reliability improvements from DBS in different shielding situations of dams. The analysis is conducted through simulating a dam obstruction with different size, azimuth and distance to receiver. The similar experiments are simulated in the area across China in order to explore these contributions in different locations. Quantitative analysis results derive conclusions:(1) In most areas, the availability improved from 50% of GPS-only to 95% of BDS + GPS when most of the GEO/IGSO satellites are not blocked, and to70% even when most of GEO/IGSO satellites are blocked.(2) The average MDBs can be reduced by half when most of the GEO/IGSO satellites are not blocked, and by 10% even when most of GEO/IGSO satellites are blocked.展开更多
The article simply describes the difficulties of the Mould and Die project control,and then put forward the thoughts of developing the Monitoring and Early Warning System for the Mould and Die manufacturing.Afterwards...The article simply describes the difficulties of the Mould and Die project control,and then put forward the thoughts of developing the Monitoring and Early Warning System for the Mould and Die manufacturing.Afterwards,the main three constructing principles and the goals of the system are explained carefully.Based on those,the theory and the classifications of the Monitoring and Early Warning are expounded.With the assistance of the use case diagram of UML(the United Modeling Language),the main functions of the system are analyzed;and with the activity diagram of the UML,the work flows of the monitoring and early warning are expressed clearly.Finally,the classes and the architectures of the system are designed by making use of the class diagram of UML.展开更多
In order to realize real-time online monitoring of the wastewater source enterprises,manage and issue monitoring information,this paper comprehensively uses automatic control,embedded data acquisition and transmission...In order to realize real-time online monitoring of the wastewater source enterprises,manage and issue monitoring information,this paper comprehensively uses automatic control,embedded data acquisition and transmission,distributed computing and data processing,geographic information system,etc.to develop automatic monitoring system of the wastewater source in Shandong Province.This system incorporates automatic monitoring information acquisition,transmission and daily work as an organic whole.The system realizes not only the continuous online monitoring of wastewater source enterprise,but also the deep excavation and utilization on monitoring information.It provides scientific and objective basis for energy saving,consumption reduction,carbon emission reduction,total amount control and other environmental management works,and meets the requirements of environmental management and related departments to wastewater source management.展开更多
According to the characteristics of the ther-motechnical parameters such as temperature pressure and glass level for glass melting furnace, the design method for monitoring and controlling these parameters is introduc...According to the characteristics of the ther-motechnical parameters such as temperature pressure and glass level for glass melting furnace, the design method for monitoring and controlling these parameters is introduced in this paper based on MACROMAX-2 concentrated and dis-tributedcontrol system. The configuration of management information and control loop is described, and research tests were performed to check the functions of system.展开更多
The late start of environmental protection in Hong Kong was discussed in the light of problems encountered during the development of environmental protection legislation in Hong Kong for the past 20 years. The collabo...The late start of environmental protection in Hong Kong was discussed in the light of problems encountered during the development of environmental protection legislation in Hong Kong for the past 20 years. The collaboration in monitoring and assessment of environmental pollutants between the University of Hong Kong and various governments were descrbed in parallel with the progress in environmental protection in Hong Kong. The developments of new analytical techniques for environmental monitoring and analysis is given and their application in environmental control described. The joint projects in assessment and control of environmental pollutants carried out in collaboration with local industries and other organizations within and without the university are given and discussed. The problems and possible solution facing Hong Kong in development control equipment for small scale industries are discussed and areas of development identified. The development and experience in the monitoring assessment and control of environmental pollutants in Hong Kong are summarized and areas of difficulties are illustrated.展开更多
In the paper the monitor and control methods of silk fabrics degumming process havebeen discussed which arethe pH value of degumming bath, the degumming loss percentage and the supplemen-tary amounts of degumming assi...In the paper the monitor and control methods of silk fabrics degumming process havebeen discussed which arethe pH value of degumming bath, the degumming loss percentage and the supplemen-tary amounts of degumming assistants etc.The investigation was shown that method is exact to measure the PH value of degum-ming bath by the heat resistant 305-2 type lithium glass electrode and the 232 type calomelelectrode through the saturated polassium chloride salt bridge at the degumming tempera-ture, the method can be avoided the errors in the conventional measurements.From the theoretical calculate of the alkaline expense, including the absorbed alkali ofraw silk fabric, G1;the alkali carried away by fabric, G2;the consumptive alkali by belach-ing agent, G3 etc. According to practical produce, the empirical formula has been estab-lished for determination of the addittional amounts of degumming assistants, G, at the con-tinuous produce:G=1.28(G1+G2+G3)(g/kg fabric)展开更多
This paper introduces the theory of system engineering on materiel into the management and monitoring of reliability, maintainability and supportability (RMS) activities in the aeronautic equipment's life cycle. I...This paper introduces the theory of system engineering on materiel into the management and monitoring of reliability, maintainability and supportability (RMS) activities in the aeronautic equipment's life cycle. In order to assure the science of RMS management, it analyzes the contents of RMS activities in a life cycle, provides the model of management and monitoring, and discusses the software realization of the management and monitoring system.展开更多
At present, the monitoring of embankment deformation in permafrost regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is mainly done manually. However, the harsh climate on the plateau affects the results greatly by lowering the...At present, the monitoring of embankment deformation in permafrost regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is mainly done manually. However, the harsh climate on the plateau affects the results greatly by lowering the observation frequency, so the manual monitoring can barely meet the observational demand. This research develops a system of automated monitoring of embankment deformation, and aims to address the problems caused by the plateau climate and the perma- frost conditions in the region. The equipment consists of a monitoring module, a data collection module, a transmission module, and a data processing module. The field experiments during this program indicate that （1） the combined auto- mated monitoring device overcame the problems associated with the complicated and tough plateau environment by means of wireless transmission and automatic analysis of the embankment settlement data; （2） the calibration of the combined settlement gauge at -20 ℃ was highly accurate, with an error rate always 〈0.5%; （3） the gauge calibration at high-temperature conditions was also highly accurate, with an error rate 〈0.5% even though the surface of the instrument reached more than 50 ℃; and （4） compared with the data manually taken, the data automatically acquired during field monitoring experiments demonstrated that the combined settlement gauge and the automated monitoring system could meet the requirements of the monitoring mission in permafrost regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.展开更多
This paper describes a hierarchical architecture and a high-performance and interoperability protocol for centralized monitoring and controlling systems (CMCS) . The protocol we proposed can interoperate different mon...This paper describes a hierarchical architecture and a high-performance and interoperability protocol for centralized monitoring and controlling systems (CMCS) . The protocol we proposed can interoperate different monitoring and controlling systems constructed by different companies, each with different functions and communication protocols. The protocol reduces the amount of traffic and has real-time and high-perfor-mance advantages. The protocol was implemented in CMCS for telecommunication power supply and air-condi-tioner used by the Telecommunication Bureau of Zhejiang Province. This paper deals with the hierarchical architecture and function of CMCS and packet format, command ID, and SDL description of its protocol. We also discuss the properties of the interoperability and performance of the protocol in this paper.展开更多
Objectives:to verify the feasibility and reliability of the electronic version of Chinese SF-36 based on the Quality-of-Life-Recorder. Design: A crossover randomized controlled trial, comparing a paper-based and an el...Objectives:to verify the feasibility and reliability of the electronic version of Chinese SF-36 based on the Quality-of-Life-Recorder. Design: A crossover randomized controlled trial, comparing a paper-based and an electronic version of the Chinese SF-36, was conducted. According to generated random numbers, interviewees were asked to fill out either the electronic version or the paper version first. The second version was filled in after a pause of at least 10 min. Settings and participants: One group of 100 medical students at the School of Medicine of Zhejiang University and the other group of 50 outpatients at a clinic for general practice in Hangzhou City (China) were eventually recruited in this study. Results: The acceptance of the electronic version was good (60% of medical students and 84% of outpatients preferred the electronic version). At the level of eight-scale scores, the mean-difference for each scale (except for general health) between the two versions was less than 5%. At the level of 36 questions, the percentage of "exact agreement" ranged within 64%～99%; the percentage of "global agreement" ranged within 72%～99%; 77% of the kappa coefficients demonstrated "good/excellent agreement" and 23% of the kappa coefficients demonstrated "medium agreement". Conclusion: This study, for the first time, can provide empirical basis for the confirmation of the feasibility and reliability of the electronic version of the Chinese SF-36 and may provide an impulse towards widespread deployment of the Quality-of-Life-Recorder in Chinese populations.展开更多
In general,the material properties,loads,resistance of the prestressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridge in different construction stages are time-varying.So,it is essential to monitor the internal force state wh...In general,the material properties,loads,resistance of the prestressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridge in different construction stages are time-varying.So,it is essential to monitor the internal force state when the bridge is in construction.Among them,how to assess the safety is one of the challenges.As the continuous monitoring over a long-term period can increase the reliability of the assessment,so,based on a large number of monitored strain data collected from the structural health monitoring system(SHMS)during construction,a calculation method of the punctiform time-varying reliability is proposed in this paper to evaluate the stress state of this type bridge in cantilever construction stage by using the basic reliability theory.At the same time,the optimal stress distribution function in the bridge mid-span base plate is determined when the bridge is closed.This method can provide basis and direction for the internal force control of this type bridge in construction process.So,it can reduce the bridge safety and quality accidents in construction stages.展开更多
In view of characteristics of solar photovoltaic (PV) power station such as the decentralized layout and massive monitoring and control information, a solar PV power generation monitoring and control system has been d...In view of characteristics of solar photovoltaic (PV) power station such as the decentralized layout and massive monitoring and control information, a solar PV power generation monitoring and control system has been designed. The system is designed into three layers namely the sensor and actuator layer, the PLC field monitoring and control layer and the remote network monitoring and control layer. Through ZigBee wireless network, PROFIBUS and GPRS wireless network, the system makes the three layers exchange information rapidly, and the system supervises not only various operational parameters of the power generating system but also weather changes as a way to change the solar tracking strategy of the PV power generating system and reduce the operating energy consumption of the system. Through the hardware redundant design of PLC central controller and the upper computer, the solar PV power station can be more secure and reliable when running.展开更多
Mixed redundancy strategies are generally used in cloud-based systems,with different node switch mechanisms from traditional fault-tolerant strategies.Existing studies often concentrate on optimizing a single strategy...Mixed redundancy strategies are generally used in cloud-based systems,with different node switch mechanisms from traditional fault-tolerant strategies.Existing studies often concentrate on optimizing a single strategy in cloud computing environment and ignore the impact of mixed redundancy strategies.Therefore,a model is proposed to evaluate and optimize the reliability and performance of cloud-based degraded systems subject to a mixed active and cold standby redundancy strategy.In this strategy,node switching is triggered by a continual monitoring and detection mechanism when active nodes fail.To evaluate the transient availability and the expected job completion rate of systems with such kind of strategy,a continuous-time Markov chain model is built on the state transition process and a numerical method is used to solve the model.To choose the optimal redundancy for the mixed strategy under system constraints,a greedy search algorithm is proposed after sensitivity analysis.Illustrative examples were presented to explain the process of calculating the transient probability of each system state and in turn,the availability and performance of the whole system.It was shown that the near-optimal redundancy solution could be obtained using the optimizationmethod.The comparison with optimization of the traditional mixed redundancy strategy proved that the system behavior was different using different kinds of mixed strategies and less redundancy was assigned for the new type of mixed strategy under the same system constraint.展开更多
BACKGROUND In 2017,35000 Saudi children and adolescents were living with a type 1 diabetes(T1D)diagnosis.Diabetic complications are minimized upon strengthened glycemic regulation.The annual cost of treating diabetic ...BACKGROUND In 2017,35000 Saudi children and adolescents were living with a type 1 diabetes(T1D)diagnosis.Diabetic complications are minimized upon strengthened glycemic regulation.The annual cost of treating diabetic patients with complications was four-fold higher than for patients without complications.The use of flash glucose monitoring(FGM)enables better diabetes treatment and thereby improves glycemic control.Understanding the factors that affect effectiveness of FGM will help enhance the device’s use and management of hospital resources,resulting in improved outcomes.AIM To investigate factors that affect effectiveness of the FGM system for glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels/glycemic control among T1D patients.METHODS A retrospective empirical analysis of T1D patient records from King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital and Prince Sultan Military Medical City was performed.T1D patients who began FGM between 2017 and 2019 were included.RESULTS The data included 195 T1D patients(70 males and 125 females)with a mean age of 23.6±8.1 years.Among them,152 patients used multiple daily injection and 43 used an insulin pump.The difference in HbA1c level from baseline and after using FGM was-0.60±2.10,with a maximum of 4.70 and a minimum of-6.30.There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the independent variables(age,duration of diabetes,level of engagement)and HbA1c.The group with the highest HbA1c mean(9.85)was 18-years-old,while the group with the lowest HbA1c mean(7.87)was 45-years-old.Patients with a low level of engagement(less than six scans per day)had the highest HbA1c mean(9.84),whereas those with a high level of engagement(more than eight scans per day)had the lowest HbA1c mean(8.33).CONCLUSION With proper education,FGM can help people with uncontrolled T1D over the age of 18 years to control their glucose level.展开更多
文摘The Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) is a 34 kW low enriched uranium (LEU) Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR), tank-in-pool type and cooled by natural circulation under atmospheric pressure operating conditions. GHARR-1 is owned by Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) and operated by National Nuclear Research Institute (NNRI), one of the institutes of GAEC. GHARR-1 is housed by Nuclear Reactors Research Centre (NRRC), one of the Centres of NNRI. Management/Administration, Radiation protection, Reactor operation and maintenance, Reactor utilization and Physical protection are the various systems/units that integrate to manage the activities of operation and utilization of GHARR-1 in addition to the quality assurance and quality control management system of the research reactor facility. The GHARR-1 which is currently in operation follows a robust maintenance culture adopted by the management system and this has made it possible to keep the reactor in operation with minimal interruption. The management system activities adopted at the Centre to ensure safety of the workers, public and the research reactor facility include authorization of the operation of the reactor for any experiments/modifications;providing material and financial resources for maintaining the research reactor facility;following standard procedures while carrying out Neutron Activation Analysis;participation in IAEA proficiency test;irradiation sites/positions characterization;following standard procedures while carrying out reactor operation and maintenance including reactor and pool water purification and other related activities;monitoring radiation levels in the controlled, supervised and uncontrolled areas of the research reactor facility as well as during reactor operation and maintenance;controlling the physical entry of the workers and public into the research reactor facility;and ensuring that the security structures provided to protect the reactor facility are functioning properly. The thorough knowledge on the functions of the various components that make up the electrical/electronic and control systems of the reactor has been observed to be important for continuous successful maintenance of the research reactor to keep the reactor in operation. This work provides some management system activities adopted to monitor the activities of the research reactor operation and utilization to guarantee safety of workers, public and the environment as well as to safeguard a continuous operation of the research reactor. These management system activities adopted among others, are in the form of Monitoring Forms provided for monitoring the activities of the research reactor operation and utilization in order to ensure standard procedures and specifications are followed and quality services are rendered to the public.
基金Supported by the State Key program of National Natural Science of China(No.10979003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10775181)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.20090460521)
文摘A test system is developed for the BESIII ETOF/MRPC beam tests of data acquisition, environment monitoring and automatic control. The software framework is based on the CAMAC bus, VME bus and Serial Port,which are responsible for communications with the detectors. The monitor system works well in the beam test.
文摘Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is a chronic autoimmune condition that destroys insulinproducing beta cells in the pancreas,leading to insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia.The management of T1D primarily focuses on exogenous insulin replacement to control blood glucose levels.However,this approach does not address the underlying autoimmune process or prevent the progressive loss of beta cells.Recent research has explored the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)as a novel intervention to modify the disease course and delay the onset of T1D.GLP-1RAs are medications initially developed for treating type 2 diabetes.They exert their effects by enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion,suppressing glucagon secretion,and slowing gastric emptying.Emerging evidence suggests that GLP-1RAs may also benefit the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with T1D.This article aims to highlight the potential of GLP-1RAs as an intervention to delay the onset of T1D,possibly through their potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and preservation of beta-cells.This article aims to explore the potential of shifting the paradigm of T1D management from reactive insulin replacement to proactive disease modification,which should open new avenues for preventing and treating T1D,improving the quality of life and long-term outcomes for individuals at risk of T1D.
基金Project(52204084)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(FRF-IDRY-GD22-002)supported by the Interdisciplinary Research Project for Young Teachers of USTB(Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities),China+2 种基金Project(QNXM20220009)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and the Youth Teacher International Exchange and Growth Program,ChinaProjects(2022YFC2905600,2022YFC3004601)supported by the National Key R&D Program of ChinaProject(2023XAGG0061)supported by the Science,Technology&Innovation Project of Xiongan New Area,China。
文摘Metal mineral resources play an indispensable role in the development of the national economy.Dynamic disasters in underground metal mines seriously threaten mining safety,which are major scientific and technological problems to be solved urgently.In this article,the occurrence status and grand challenges of some typical dynamic disasters involving roof falling,spalling,collapse,large deformation,rockburst,surface subsidence,and water inrush in metal mines in China are systematically presented,the characteristics of mining-induced dynamic disasters are analyzed,the examples of dynamic disasters occurring in some metal mines in China are summarized,the occurrence mechanism,monitoring and early warning methods,and prevention and control techniques of these disasters are highlighted,and some new opinions,suggestions,and solutions are proposed simultaneously.Moreover,some shortcomings in current disaster research are pointed out,and the direction of efforts to improve the prevention and control level of dynamic disasters in China’s metal mines in the future is prospected.The integration of forward-looking key innovative theories and technologies in the abovementioned aspects will greatly enhance the cognitive level of disaster prevention and mitigation in China’s metal mining industry and achieve a significant shift from passive disaster relief to active disaster prevention.
文摘Foodborne disease is a worldwide il ness and over 1 bil ion people get diseased every year. In China, thousands of foodborne diseases occur every year. It is proved that prevention is the most crucial for control ing foodborne disease. In the research, food safety monitoring system, laws and early warning system in the US and EU were introduced to explore the successful experience and monitoring or control mode suitable for China.
基金supported by the basic ability promotion project for young and middle-aged teachers from the Guangxi Education Department (2017KY0029)
文摘The GPS-only system is limited in dam surface monitoring because of its low availability and reliability due to the visible satellites are not enough. This dilemma is expected to be solved through incorporating the China’s BeiDou System(BDS). This contribution will quantitatively analyse the availability and reliability improvements from DBS in different shielding situations of dams. The analysis is conducted through simulating a dam obstruction with different size, azimuth and distance to receiver. The similar experiments are simulated in the area across China in order to explore these contributions in different locations. Quantitative analysis results derive conclusions:(1) In most areas, the availability improved from 50% of GPS-only to 95% of BDS + GPS when most of the GEO/IGSO satellites are not blocked, and to70% even when most of GEO/IGSO satellites are blocked.(2) The average MDBs can be reduced by half when most of the GEO/IGSO satellites are not blocked, and by 10% even when most of GEO/IGSO satellites are blocked.
文摘The article simply describes the difficulties of the Mould and Die project control,and then put forward the thoughts of developing the Monitoring and Early Warning System for the Mould and Die manufacturing.Afterwards,the main three constructing principles and the goals of the system are explained carefully.Based on those,the theory and the classifications of the Monitoring and Early Warning are expounded.With the assistance of the use case diagram of UML(the United Modeling Language),the main functions of the system are analyzed;and with the activity diagram of the UML,the work flows of the monitoring and early warning are expressed clearly.Finally,the classes and the architectures of the system are designed by making use of the class diagram of UML.
基金Supported by Distributed Multilevel Environmental Automatic Monitoring Information Management SystemResearch on Automatic Monitoring Quality Management of the Water Pollution Source(2009ZX07527-002)
文摘In order to realize real-time online monitoring of the wastewater source enterprises,manage and issue monitoring information,this paper comprehensively uses automatic control,embedded data acquisition and transmission,distributed computing and data processing,geographic information system,etc.to develop automatic monitoring system of the wastewater source in Shandong Province.This system incorporates automatic monitoring information acquisition,transmission and daily work as an organic whole.The system realizes not only the continuous online monitoring of wastewater source enterprise,but also the deep excavation and utilization on monitoring information.It provides scientific and objective basis for energy saving,consumption reduction,carbon emission reduction,total amount control and other environmental management works,and meets the requirements of environmental management and related departments to wastewater source management.
文摘According to the characteristics of the ther-motechnical parameters such as temperature pressure and glass level for glass melting furnace, the design method for monitoring and controlling these parameters is introduced in this paper based on MACROMAX-2 concentrated and dis-tributedcontrol system. The configuration of management information and control loop is described, and research tests were performed to check the functions of system.
文摘The late start of environmental protection in Hong Kong was discussed in the light of problems encountered during the development of environmental protection legislation in Hong Kong for the past 20 years. The collaboration in monitoring and assessment of environmental pollutants between the University of Hong Kong and various governments were descrbed in parallel with the progress in environmental protection in Hong Kong. The developments of new analytical techniques for environmental monitoring and analysis is given and their application in environmental control described. The joint projects in assessment and control of environmental pollutants carried out in collaboration with local industries and other organizations within and without the university are given and discussed. The problems and possible solution facing Hong Kong in development control equipment for small scale industries are discussed and areas of development identified. The development and experience in the monitoring assessment and control of environmental pollutants in Hong Kong are summarized and areas of difficulties are illustrated.
文摘In the paper the monitor and control methods of silk fabrics degumming process havebeen discussed which arethe pH value of degumming bath, the degumming loss percentage and the supplemen-tary amounts of degumming assistants etc.The investigation was shown that method is exact to measure the PH value of degum-ming bath by the heat resistant 305-2 type lithium glass electrode and the 232 type calomelelectrode through the saturated polassium chloride salt bridge at the degumming tempera-ture, the method can be avoided the errors in the conventional measurements.From the theoretical calculate of the alkaline expense, including the absorbed alkali ofraw silk fabric, G1;the alkali carried away by fabric, G2;the consumptive alkali by belach-ing agent, G3 etc. According to practical produce, the empirical formula has been estab-lished for determination of the addittional amounts of degumming assistants, G, at the con-tinuous produce:G=1.28(G1+G2+G3)(g/kg fabric)
基金Supported by National Basic Research Program of China（973 Program）（2013CB035500） National Natural Science Foundation of China（61233004,61221003,61074061）+1 种基金 International Cooperation Program of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission （12230709600） the Higher Education Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of China（20120073130006）
文摘This paper introduces the theory of system engineering on materiel into the management and monitoring of reliability, maintainability and supportability (RMS) activities in the aeronautic equipment's life cycle. In order to assure the science of RMS management, it analyzes the contents of RMS activities in a life cycle, provides the model of management and monitoring, and discusses the software realization of the management and monitoring system.
基金supported by the Special Fund Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology(No.2011EG123262)the Technology Project of the Chinese Railroad Co.Ltd.(No.2013-majay-20-1)
文摘At present, the monitoring of embankment deformation in permafrost regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway is mainly done manually. However, the harsh climate on the plateau affects the results greatly by lowering the observation frequency, so the manual monitoring can barely meet the observational demand. This research develops a system of automated monitoring of embankment deformation, and aims to address the problems caused by the plateau climate and the perma- frost conditions in the region. The equipment consists of a monitoring module, a data collection module, a transmission module, and a data processing module. The field experiments during this program indicate that （1） the combined auto- mated monitoring device overcame the problems associated with the complicated and tough plateau environment by means of wireless transmission and automatic analysis of the embankment settlement data; （2） the calibration of the combined settlement gauge at -20 ℃ was highly accurate, with an error rate always 〈0.5%; （3） the gauge calibration at high-temperature conditions was also highly accurate, with an error rate 〈0.5% even though the surface of the instrument reached more than 50 ℃; and （4） compared with the data manually taken, the data automatically acquired during field monitoring experiments demonstrated that the combined settlement gauge and the automated monitoring system could meet the requirements of the monitoring mission in permafrost regions along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway.
文摘This paper describes a hierarchical architecture and a high-performance and interoperability protocol for centralized monitoring and controlling systems (CMCS) . The protocol we proposed can interoperate different monitoring and controlling systems constructed by different companies, each with different functions and communication protocols. The protocol reduces the amount of traffic and has real-time and high-perfor-mance advantages. The protocol was implemented in CMCS for telecommunication power supply and air-condi-tioner used by the Telecommunication Bureau of Zhejiang Province. This paper deals with the hierarchical architecture and function of CMCS and packet format, command ID, and SDL description of its protocol. We also discuss the properties of the interoperability and performance of the protocol in this paper.
基金Project (No. WKJ2006-2-016) supported by the project of "Effect of Chronic Disease and Health-Related Quality of Life on Health Service Utilization" from the Ministry of Health, China
文摘Objectives:to verify the feasibility and reliability of the electronic version of Chinese SF-36 based on the Quality-of-Life-Recorder. Design: A crossover randomized controlled trial, comparing a paper-based and an electronic version of the Chinese SF-36, was conducted. According to generated random numbers, interviewees were asked to fill out either the electronic version or the paper version first. The second version was filled in after a pause of at least 10 min. Settings and participants: One group of 100 medical students at the School of Medicine of Zhejiang University and the other group of 50 outpatients at a clinic for general practice in Hangzhou City (China) were eventually recruited in this study. Results: The acceptance of the electronic version was good (60% of medical students and 84% of outpatients preferred the electronic version). At the level of eight-scale scores, the mean-difference for each scale (except for general health) between the two versions was less than 5%. At the level of 36 questions, the percentage of "exact agreement" ranged within 64%～99%; the percentage of "global agreement" ranged within 72%～99%; 77% of the kappa coefficients demonstrated "good/excellent agreement" and 23% of the kappa coefficients demonstrated "medium agreement". Conclusion: This study, for the first time, can provide empirical basis for the confirmation of the feasibility and reliability of the electronic version of the Chinese SF-36 and may provide an impulse towards widespread deployment of the Quality-of-Life-Recorder in Chinese populations.
文摘In general,the material properties,loads,resistance of the prestressed concrete continuous rigid frame bridge in different construction stages are time-varying.So,it is essential to monitor the internal force state when the bridge is in construction.Among them,how to assess the safety is one of the challenges.As the continuous monitoring over a long-term period can increase the reliability of the assessment,so,based on a large number of monitored strain data collected from the structural health monitoring system(SHMS)during construction,a calculation method of the punctiform time-varying reliability is proposed in this paper to evaluate the stress state of this type bridge in cantilever construction stage by using the basic reliability theory.At the same time,the optimal stress distribution function in the bridge mid-span base plate is determined when the bridge is closed.This method can provide basis and direction for the internal force control of this type bridge in construction process.So,it can reduce the bridge safety and quality accidents in construction stages.
基金sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50975020)National Major Program of Science and Tech-nique(2009ZX04014-101)Funding Project for Academic Human Resources Development in Institutions of Higher Learning under the Jurisdiction of Beijing Municipalipality(PHR20090518)
文摘In view of characteristics of solar photovoltaic (PV) power station such as the decentralized layout and massive monitoring and control information, a solar PV power generation monitoring and control system has been designed. The system is designed into three layers namely the sensor and actuator layer, the PLC field monitoring and control layer and the remote network monitoring and control layer. Through ZigBee wireless network, PROFIBUS and GPRS wireless network, the system makes the three layers exchange information rapidly, and the system supervises not only various operational parameters of the power generating system but also weather changes as a way to change the solar tracking strategy of the PV power generating system and reduce the operating energy consumption of the system. Through the hardware redundant design of PLC central controller and the upper computer, the solar PV power station can be more secure and reliable when running.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61309005)the Basic and Frontier Research Program of Chongqing(Grant No.cstc2014jcyj A40015)
文摘Mixed redundancy strategies are generally used in cloud-based systems,with different node switch mechanisms from traditional fault-tolerant strategies.Existing studies often concentrate on optimizing a single strategy in cloud computing environment and ignore the impact of mixed redundancy strategies.Therefore,a model is proposed to evaluate and optimize the reliability and performance of cloud-based degraded systems subject to a mixed active and cold standby redundancy strategy.In this strategy,node switching is triggered by a continual monitoring and detection mechanism when active nodes fail.To evaluate the transient availability and the expected job completion rate of systems with such kind of strategy,a continuous-time Markov chain model is built on the state transition process and a numerical method is used to solve the model.To choose the optimal redundancy for the mixed strategy under system constraints,a greedy search algorithm is proposed after sensitivity analysis.Illustrative examples were presented to explain the process of calculating the transient probability of each system state and in turn,the availability and performance of the whole system.It was shown that the near-optimal redundancy solution could be obtained using the optimizationmethod.The comparison with optimization of the traditional mixed redundancy strategy proved that the system behavior was different using different kinds of mixed strategies and less redundancy was assigned for the new type of mixed strategy under the same system constraint.
文摘BACKGROUND In 2017,35000 Saudi children and adolescents were living with a type 1 diabetes(T1D)diagnosis.Diabetic complications are minimized upon strengthened glycemic regulation.The annual cost of treating diabetic patients with complications was four-fold higher than for patients without complications.The use of flash glucose monitoring(FGM)enables better diabetes treatment and thereby improves glycemic control.Understanding the factors that affect effectiveness of FGM will help enhance the device’s use and management of hospital resources,resulting in improved outcomes.AIM To investigate factors that affect effectiveness of the FGM system for glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)levels/glycemic control among T1D patients.METHODS A retrospective empirical analysis of T1D patient records from King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital and Prince Sultan Military Medical City was performed.T1D patients who began FGM between 2017 and 2019 were included.RESULTS The data included 195 T1D patients(70 males and 125 females)with a mean age of 23.6±8.1 years.Among them,152 patients used multiple daily injection and 43 used an insulin pump.The difference in HbA1c level from baseline and after using FGM was-0.60±2.10,with a maximum of 4.70 and a minimum of-6.30.There was a statistically significant negative correlation between the independent variables(age,duration of diabetes,level of engagement)and HbA1c.The group with the highest HbA1c mean(9.85)was 18-years-old,while the group with the lowest HbA1c mean(7.87)was 45-years-old.Patients with a low level of engagement(less than six scans per day)had the highest HbA1c mean(9.84),whereas those with a high level of engagement(more than eight scans per day)had the lowest HbA1c mean(8.33).CONCLUSION With proper education,FGM can help people with uncontrolled T1D over the age of 18 years to control their glucose level.
