This study aims to evaluate the effect of serum concentration, synchronization time, and confluence degree on the synchronisation efficiency of goat fibroblast cycle. The results indicated that there was no difference...This study aims to evaluate the effect of serum concentration, synchronization time, and confluence degree on the synchronisation efficiency of goat fibroblast cycle. The results indicated that there was no difference in the percentage of nucleated fibroblasts in the G0/G1 stage between serum concentrations of 0.3% and 0.4% (83.89% and 82.69%, respectively, P > 0.05) as well as between serum concentrations of 0.2% and 0.5% (76.95% and 75.46%, respectively, P > 0.05). The percentage of nucleated fibroblasts in the G0/G1 stage was highest at the concentration of 0.3% and lowest in the control group (83.89% vs. 62.67%, P 0.05). The beneficial effect of high confluence was confirmed by the large percentage of nucleated fibroblasts at the G0/G1 stage. The 60% confluency was significantly lower than the 80% and 100% confluency (73.44%, 86.63%, and 87.17%, respectively, P < 0.05). The results indicate that the goat fibroblast cycle synchronization is the most effective at the serum concentration of 0.3%, 72 hours of synchronization and 100% confluency.展开更多
In order to improve water quality of middle ancient canal in Zhenjiang city a pollution control project was carried out.The research area is the middle catchment area of the ancient canal river system in the old town ...In order to improve water quality of middle ancient canal in Zhenjiang city a pollution control project was carried out.The research area is the middle catchment area of the ancient canal river system in the old town of Zhenjiang. The specific research object is the runoff of the outfall of rainwater-sewage confluence in the area. On the basis of detecting and analyzing the water yield and water quality of the runoff of rainwater-sewage confluence a combined technology which contains four independent continuous processes for lowering pollution load was developed and system equipment was established and put into operation. The processing effects of the project were monitored and analyzed.The results show that the pollution control project of outfall runoff is efficient which decreases the pollution load including chemical oxygen demand COD total phosphorus TP suspended solids SS and ammonia-nitrogen NH3-N .As a result the water environment of the ancient canal is protected.展开更多
Confluences play a major role in the dynamics of networks of natural and man-made open channels, and field measurements on river confluences reveal that discordance in bed elevation is common.Studies of schematized co...Confluences play a major role in the dynamics of networks of natural and man-made open channels, and field measurements on river confluences reveal that discordance in bed elevation is common.Studies of schematized confluences with a step at the interface between the tributary and the main channel bed reveal that bed elevation discordance is an important additional control for the confluence hydrodynamics.This study aimed to improve understanding of the influence of bed elevation discordance on the flow patterns and head losses in a right-angled confluence of an open channel with rectangular cross-sections.A large eddy simulation (LES)-based numerical model was set up and validated with experiments by others.Four configurations with different bed discordance ratios were investigated.The results confirm that, with increasing bed elevation discordance, the tributary streamlines at the confluence interface deviate less from the geometrical confluence angle, the extent of the recirculation zone (RZ) gets smaller, the ratio of the water depth upstream to that downstream of the confluence decreases, and the water level depression reduces.The bed elevation discordance also leads to the development of a large-scale structure in the lee of the step.Despite the appearance of the large-scale structure, the reduced extent of the RZ and associated changes in flow deflection/contraction reduce total head losses experienced by the main channel with an increase of the bed discordance ratio.It turns out that bed elevation discordance converts the lateral momentum from the tributary to streamwise momentum in the main channel more efficiently.展开更多
Numerical simulation technology has been widely used in the foundry industry to analyze and improve casting processes.During the casting filling process,many filling-related defects form easily at the confluences of l...Numerical simulation technology has been widely used in the foundry industry to analyze and improve casting processes.During the casting filling process,many filling-related defects form easily at the confluences of liquid metal streams.The main filling-related defects are cold shut defects.To calculate the positions of casting defects,the characteristics of liquid metal confluences were analyzed.The flow front of liquid metal was captured by the volume-of-fluid algorithm to obtain a time field,which was used to calculate the time derivatives of the liquid front position and the confluences of liquid metal streams.To distinguish small confluences from the main confluences,the concept of confluent scale was developed,which was used to filter the small confluences based on a threshold.The calculation process was demonstrated through the post-processing of numerical simulation.A "W" shaped casting and a steering wheel casting were calculated to validate the accuracy of the method developed in this study.The positions of cold shut defects were predicted by calculating the confluences of liquid metal streams.The method was proved to be practical by comparing the calculation results with the positions of cold shut defects in an end cover casting.The computation of confluences and cold shut defects can improve the analysis efficiency and provide assurance for the optimization of a casting process plan.展开更多
AIM:To investigate injuries of anatomy variants of hepatic duct confluence during hepatobiliary surgery and their impact on morbidity and mortality of these procedures. An algorithmic approach for the management of th...AIM:To investigate injuries of anatomy variants of hepatic duct confluence during hepatobiliary surgery and their impact on morbidity and mortality of these procedures. An algorithmic approach for the management of these injuries is proposed. METHODS:During a 6-year period 234 patients who had undergone major hepatobiliary surgery were retrospectively reviewed in order to study postoperative bile leakage. Diagnostic workup included endoscopic and magnetic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (E/MRCP), scintigraphy and fistulography. RESULTS:Thirty (12.8%) patients who developed postoperative bile leaks were identified. Endoscopic stenting and percutaneous drainage were successful in 23 patients with bile leaks from the liver cut surface. In the rest seven patients with injuries of hepatic duct confluence, biliary variations were recognized and a stepwise therapeutic approach was considered. Conservative management was successful only in 2 patients. Volume of the liver remnant and functional liver reserve as well as local sepsis were used as criteria for either resection of the corresponding liver segment or construction of a biliary-enteric anastomosis. Two deaths occurred in this group of patients with hepatic duct confluence variants (mortality rate 28.5%). CONCLUSION:Management of major biliary fistulaethat are disconnected from the mainstream of the biliary tree and related to injury of variants of the hepatic duct confluence is extremely challenging. These patients have a grave prognosis and an early surgical procedure has to be considered.展开更多
In order to calculate the suspended sediment discharge of the flood debris flows into the main river,a small scale flume test was designed to simulate the process of confluence of Jiangjia Ravine and Xiangjiang River ...In order to calculate the suspended sediment discharge of the flood debris flows into the main river,a small scale flume test was designed to simulate the process of confluence of Jiangjia Ravine and Xiangjiang River in Yunnan province,China.By test observation and data analysis,suspended sediment discharge of Debris flow after its entry into the main river was found to have a close relation with the bulk density,the confluence angle of the Debris flow and the main river,the ratio between per unit width discharge of Debris flow and main river.Based on the measured and simulated results,and statistical analysis,an empirical formula was proposed for the suspended SDR(Sediment Delivery Ratio) of the main river after the confluence of Debris flow.Compared with the observed results of Debris flow in 2009,the error between the data calculated by the empirical formula and the monitored data is only about 10%.展开更多
Objective: To review our experience in and the re-sults of resecting liver tumors involving the hepatoca-val confluence under intermittent portal triad clam-ping (PTC).Methods: Sixty-eight consecutive patients with li...Objective: To review our experience in and the re-sults of resecting liver tumors involving the hepatoca-val confluence under intermittent portal triad clam-ping (PTC).Methods: Sixty-eight consecutive patients with livertumors involving the hepatocaval confluence under-went hepatectomies with liver parenchymal transec-tions under intermittent PTC.Results: All the tumors were successfully resected un-der PTC, except for one in which the infrahepatic in-ferior vena cava was concomitantly occluded in addi-tion to PTC. There was neither operative death noruncontrollable massive bleeding or air embolism oc-curred in our patients. The bleedings from the mainand short hepatic veins and right adrenal veins wereproperly managed during the operation, with a meanintraoperative blood loss of 1400 ml. Of the 68tumors resected, 65 were hepatocellular carcinomas(HCC). Their 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-year suvival rateswere 64.11%, 52. 82%, 44.90% and 36.98%, re-spectively, and the patients with HCC with capsulessurvived significantly longer than those with HCCwithout capsules.Conclusions: The liver tumors involving the hepato-caval confluence could be safely resected simply un-der PTC, without routine use of total hepatic vascu-lar exclusion. As for HCCs in this area, the tumorwith capsule is a better indicator for surgical resec-tion than that without capsule.展开更多
Also if rarely, hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and metastatic carcinoma can invade the retrohepatic portion of the inferior vena cava （IVC）, because of the proximity of this vessel to the liver.
FOSHAN is an ancient city endowed with a bountiful culture.Located in the heartland of the vibrant Pearl River Delta,Foshan is west of Guangzhou,the capital of Guangdong Province,and gazes upon Hong Kong and Macao fro...FOSHAN is an ancient city endowed with a bountiful culture.Located in the heartland of the vibrant Pearl River Delta,Foshan is west of Guangzhou,the capital of Guangdong Province,and gazes upon Hong Kong and Macao from the north.For centuries,Foshan has been the economic and trade center in this region,and known for its high-quality ceramic products throughout the country.In modern times,it has witnessed a growth展开更多
目的总结胆囊管汇入部微切开技术行腹腔镜胆总管探查(laparoscopic common bile duct exploration,LCBDE)的经验。方法2020年1月~2023年3月,对267例胆囊结石胆囊炎合并胆总管结石采用胆囊管汇入部微切开技术行LCBDE,沿胆囊管下壁切开至...目的总结胆囊管汇入部微切开技术行腹腔镜胆总管探查(laparoscopic common bile duct exploration,LCBDE)的经验。方法2020年1月~2023年3月,对267例胆囊结石胆囊炎合并胆总管结石采用胆囊管汇入部微切开技术行LCBDE,沿胆囊管下壁切开至胆总管汇入部,纵行切开胆总管外侧壁3~5 mm,胆道镜完成胆道探查取石,一期缝合,留置腹腔引流管。结果267例均完成手术,取净胆总管结石。手术时间45~128 min,(96.5±9.7)min;术后腹腔引流管留置时间3~13 d,(5.1±1.2)d;术后住院5~13 d,(6.8±1.1)d。胆漏4例,腹腔引流9~11 d;术后发热11例,抗炎治疗1~3 d;腹腔脓肿形成2例,腹腔引流治愈。242例(90.6%)随访6~39个月,中位时间11个月,其中66例随访≥36个月,结石残留2例,结石复发2例,未发生胆总管狭窄。结论经胆囊管汇入部微切开技术行LCBDE治疗胆总管结石临床效果良好。展开更多
降雨条件下公交港湾式停靠站区域易产生积水,不仅会损害停靠区域路面健康,而且严重影响乘客出行体验与道路通行效率。北方地区城市有其独特的自然地理气候特征,低影响开发措施的设置具有局限性。以分隔带类型的港湾停靠站路段为研究对象...降雨条件下公交港湾式停靠站区域易产生积水,不仅会损害停靠区域路面健康,而且严重影响乘客出行体验与道路通行效率。北方地区城市有其独特的自然地理气候特征,低影响开发措施的设置具有局限性。以分隔带类型的港湾停靠站路段为研究对象,分析了传统港湾停靠站路段雨水处理模式及其存在的问题,结合北方地区道路适用的低影响开发措施,提出了港湾停靠站路段低影响开发设施布局方案,并分析了雨水径流排放机制。通过暴雨洪水管理模型(Storm Water Management Model, SWMM)软件模拟研究路段海绵模式下雨水径流的调控效果,发现研究区域低影响开发设计对雨水径流具有明显的削减和延迟作用。展开更多
文摘This study aims to evaluate the effect of serum concentration, synchronization time, and confluence degree on the synchronisation efficiency of goat fibroblast cycle. The results indicated that there was no difference in the percentage of nucleated fibroblasts in the G0/G1 stage between serum concentrations of 0.3% and 0.4% (83.89% and 82.69%, respectively, P > 0.05) as well as between serum concentrations of 0.2% and 0.5% (76.95% and 75.46%, respectively, P > 0.05). The percentage of nucleated fibroblasts in the G0/G1 stage was highest at the concentration of 0.3% and lowest in the control group (83.89% vs. 62.67%, P 0.05). The beneficial effect of high confluence was confirmed by the large percentage of nucleated fibroblasts at the G0/G1 stage. The 60% confluency was significantly lower than the 80% and 100% confluency (73.44%, 86.63%, and 87.17%, respectively, P < 0.05). The results indicate that the goat fibroblast cycle synchronization is the most effective at the serum concentration of 0.3%, 72 hours of synchronization and 100% confluency.
基金The National Science and Technology Major Project of China(No.2008ZX07317-001)
文摘In order to improve water quality of middle ancient canal in Zhenjiang city a pollution control project was carried out.The research area is the middle catchment area of the ancient canal river system in the old town of Zhenjiang. The specific research object is the runoff of the outfall of rainwater-sewage confluence in the area. On the basis of detecting and analyzing the water yield and water quality of the runoff of rainwater-sewage confluence a combined technology which contains four independent continuous processes for lowering pollution load was developed and system equipment was established and put into operation. The processing effects of the project were monitored and analyzed.The results show that the pollution control project of outfall runoff is efficient which decreases the pollution load including chemical oxygen demand COD total phosphorus TP suspended solids SS and ammonia-nitrogen NH3-N .As a result the water environment of the ancient canal is protected.
文摘Confluences play a major role in the dynamics of networks of natural and man-made open channels, and field measurements on river confluences reveal that discordance in bed elevation is common.Studies of schematized confluences with a step at the interface between the tributary and the main channel bed reveal that bed elevation discordance is an important additional control for the confluence hydrodynamics.This study aimed to improve understanding of the influence of bed elevation discordance on the flow patterns and head losses in a right-angled confluence of an open channel with rectangular cross-sections.A large eddy simulation (LES)-based numerical model was set up and validated with experiments by others.Four configurations with different bed discordance ratios were investigated.The results confirm that, with increasing bed elevation discordance, the tributary streamlines at the confluence interface deviate less from the geometrical confluence angle, the extent of the recirculation zone (RZ) gets smaller, the ratio of the water depth upstream to that downstream of the confluence decreases, and the water level depression reduces.The bed elevation discordance also leads to the development of a large-scale structure in the lee of the step.Despite the appearance of the large-scale structure, the reduced extent of the RZ and associated changes in flow deflection/contraction reduce total head losses experienced by the main channel with an increase of the bed discordance ratio.It turns out that bed elevation discordance converts the lateral momentum from the tributary to streamwise momentum in the main channel more efficiently.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2020YFB2008300 and 2020YFB2008302)the Program of Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(No.2019B090921001)。
文摘Numerical simulation technology has been widely used in the foundry industry to analyze and improve casting processes.During the casting filling process,many filling-related defects form easily at the confluences of liquid metal streams.The main filling-related defects are cold shut defects.To calculate the positions of casting defects,the characteristics of liquid metal confluences were analyzed.The flow front of liquid metal was captured by the volume-of-fluid algorithm to obtain a time field,which was used to calculate the time derivatives of the liquid front position and the confluences of liquid metal streams.To distinguish small confluences from the main confluences,the concept of confluent scale was developed,which was used to filter the small confluences based on a threshold.The calculation process was demonstrated through the post-processing of numerical simulation.A "W" shaped casting and a steering wheel casting were calculated to validate the accuracy of the method developed in this study.The positions of cold shut defects were predicted by calculating the confluences of liquid metal streams.The method was proved to be practical by comparing the calculation results with the positions of cold shut defects in an end cover casting.The computation of confluences and cold shut defects can improve the analysis efficiency and provide assurance for the optimization of a casting process plan.
文摘AIM:To investigate injuries of anatomy variants of hepatic duct confluence during hepatobiliary surgery and their impact on morbidity and mortality of these procedures. An algorithmic approach for the management of these injuries is proposed. METHODS:During a 6-year period 234 patients who had undergone major hepatobiliary surgery were retrospectively reviewed in order to study postoperative bile leakage. Diagnostic workup included endoscopic and magnetic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (E/MRCP), scintigraphy and fistulography. RESULTS:Thirty (12.8%) patients who developed postoperative bile leaks were identified. Endoscopic stenting and percutaneous drainage were successful in 23 patients with bile leaks from the liver cut surface. In the rest seven patients with injuries of hepatic duct confluence, biliary variations were recognized and a stepwise therapeutic approach was considered. Conservative management was successful only in 2 patients. Volume of the liver remnant and functional liver reserve as well as local sepsis were used as criteria for either resection of the corresponding liver segment or construction of a biliary-enteric anastomosis. Two deaths occurred in this group of patients with hepatic duct confluence variants (mortality rate 28.5%). CONCLUSION:Management of major biliary fistulaethat are disconnected from the mainstream of the biliary tree and related to injury of variants of the hepatic duct confluence is extremely challenging. These patients have a grave prognosis and an early surgical procedure has to be considered.
基金supported by the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy ofSciences (Grant No.KZZD-EW-05-01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.40871024)
文摘In order to calculate the suspended sediment discharge of the flood debris flows into the main river,a small scale flume test was designed to simulate the process of confluence of Jiangjia Ravine and Xiangjiang River in Yunnan province,China.By test observation and data analysis,suspended sediment discharge of Debris flow after its entry into the main river was found to have a close relation with the bulk density,the confluence angle of the Debris flow and the main river,the ratio between per unit width discharge of Debris flow and main river.Based on the measured and simulated results,and statistical analysis,an empirical formula was proposed for the suspended SDR(Sediment Delivery Ratio) of the main river after the confluence of Debris flow.Compared with the observed results of Debris flow in 2009,the error between the data calculated by the empirical formula and the monitored data is only about 10%.
文摘Objective: To review our experience in and the re-sults of resecting liver tumors involving the hepatoca-val confluence under intermittent portal triad clam-ping (PTC).Methods: Sixty-eight consecutive patients with livertumors involving the hepatocaval confluence under-went hepatectomies with liver parenchymal transec-tions under intermittent PTC.Results: All the tumors were successfully resected un-der PTC, except for one in which the infrahepatic in-ferior vena cava was concomitantly occluded in addi-tion to PTC. There was neither operative death noruncontrollable massive bleeding or air embolism oc-curred in our patients. The bleedings from the mainand short hepatic veins and right adrenal veins wereproperly managed during the operation, with a meanintraoperative blood loss of 1400 ml. Of the 68tumors resected, 65 were hepatocellular carcinomas(HCC). Their 1-, 2-, 3- and 4-year suvival rateswere 64.11%, 52. 82%, 44.90% and 36.98%, re-spectively, and the patients with HCC with capsulessurvived significantly longer than those with HCCwithout capsules.Conclusions: The liver tumors involving the hepato-caval confluence could be safely resected simply un-der PTC, without routine use of total hepatic vascu-lar exclusion. As for HCCs in this area, the tumorwith capsule is a better indicator for surgical resec-tion than that without capsule.
文摘Also if rarely, hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, and metastatic carcinoma can invade the retrohepatic portion of the inferior vena cava （IVC）, because of the proximity of this vessel to the liver.
文摘FOSHAN is an ancient city endowed with a bountiful culture.Located in the heartland of the vibrant Pearl River Delta,Foshan is west of Guangzhou,the capital of Guangdong Province,and gazes upon Hong Kong and Macao from the north.For centuries,Foshan has been the economic and trade center in this region,and known for its high-quality ceramic products throughout the country.In modern times,it has witnessed a growth
文摘降雨条件下公交港湾式停靠站区域易产生积水,不仅会损害停靠区域路面健康,而且严重影响乘客出行体验与道路通行效率。北方地区城市有其独特的自然地理气候特征,低影响开发措施的设置具有局限性。以分隔带类型的港湾停靠站路段为研究对象,分析了传统港湾停靠站路段雨水处理模式及其存在的问题,结合北方地区道路适用的低影响开发措施,提出了港湾停靠站路段低影响开发设施布局方案,并分析了雨水径流排放机制。通过暴雨洪水管理模型(Storm Water Management Model, SWMM)软件模拟研究路段海绵模式下雨水径流的调控效果,发现研究区域低影响开发设计对雨水径流具有明显的削减和延迟作用。
