Traditionally,food sustainability has been considered solely in the stage of agricultural production.However,globalization,the expansion of the food production industry,and the emergence of supermarket chains that con...Traditionally,food sustainability has been considered solely in the stage of agricultural production.However,globalization,the expansion of the food production industry,and the emergence of supermarket chains that control the retail food market require specific significant changes in supply chains in the food sector and,therefore,we need to address the economic,social,and environmental impacts of these events.On the other hand,social selling has increased rapidly in recent years,with a further boom,following current events related to the coronavirus disease(COVID-19).This explosion of social sales,where there are usually no control and regulation entities,can bring problems associated with mishandling items.In this paper,we expose how Blockchain technology supports the traceability of social sales by validating the data provided by the chain participants such as digital health passports,production and transport data in the sale process;the proposed solution generates recommendations on productmanagement considering the agreements previously made by the network actors.To evaluate the proposed smart contracts,we useHyperledger Caliper,obtaining an average throughput of 12.6 transactions per second and an average latency of 0.3 s for the asset update process.We also use a study case to evaluate the proposed project platform’s selling-transport stage using Internet of Things(IoT)sensors.展开更多
Trustworthiness and product traceability are essential factors in the apparel industry 4.0 for establishing successful business relationships among stakeholders such as customers,manufacturers,suppliers,and consumers....Trustworthiness and product traceability are essential factors in the apparel industry 4.0 for establishing successful business relationships among stakeholders such as customers,manufacturers,suppliers,and consumers.Each stakeholder has implemented different technology-based systems to record and track product transactions.However,these systems work in silos,and there is no intra-system communication,leading to a lack of complete supply chain traceability for all apparel stakeholders.Moreover,apparel stakeholders are reluctant to share their business information with business competitors;thus,they involve third-party auditors to ensure the quality of the final product.Furthermore,the apparel manufacturing industry faces challenges with counterfeit products,making it difficult for consumers to determine the authenticity of the products.Therefore,in this paper,a trustworthy apparel product traceability framework called ChainApparel is developed using the Internet of Things(IoT)and blockchain to address these challenges of authenticity and traceability of apparel products.Specifically,multiple smart contracts are designed and developed for registration,process execution,audit,fault,and product traceability to authorize,validate,and trace every business transaction among the apparel stakeholders.Further,the real-time performance analysis of ChainApparel is carried out regarding transaction throughput and latency by deploying the compute nodes at different geographical locations using Hyperledger Fabric.The results conclude that ChainApparel accomplished significant performance under diverse workloads while ensuring complete traceability along the complex supply chain of the apparel industry.Thus,the ChainApparel framework helps make the apparel product more trustworthy and transparent in the market while safeguarding trust among the industry stakeholders.展开更多
Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is one of the most promising programs for disease prevention and treatment.Meanwhile,the quality of TCM has garnered much attention.To ensure the quality of TCM,many works are based on...Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is one of the most promising programs for disease prevention and treatment.Meanwhile,the quality of TCM has garnered much attention.To ensure the quality of TCM,many works are based on the blockchain scheme to design the traceability scheme of TCM to trace its origin.Although these schemes can ensure the integrity,sharability,credibility,and immutability of TCM more effectively,many problems are exposed with the rapid growth of TCM data in blockchains,such as expensive overhead,performance bottlenecks,and the traditional blockchain architecture is unsuitable for TCM data with dynamic growth.Motivated by the aforementioned problems,we propose a novel and lightweight TCM traceability architecture based on the blockchain using sharding(LBS-TCM).Compared to the existing blockchain-based TCM traceability system,our architecture utilizes sharding to develop a novel traceability mechanism that supports more convenient traceability operations for TCM requirements such as uploading,querying,and downloading.Specifically,our architecture consists of a leader shard blockchain layer as its main component,which employs a sharding mechanism to conveniently TCM tracing.Empirical evaluations demonstrated that our architecture showed better performance in many aspects compared to traditional blockchain architectures,such as TCM transaction processing,TCM transaction querying,TCM uploading,etc.In our architecture,tracing TCM has become a very efficient operation,which ensures the quality of TCM and provides great convenience for subsequent TCM analysis and retrospective research.展开更多
With the application and development of blockchain technology,many problems faced by blockchain traceability are gradually exposed.Such as cross-chain information collaboration,data separation and storage,multisystem,...With the application and development of blockchain technology,many problems faced by blockchain traceability are gradually exposed.Such as cross-chain information collaboration,data separation and storage,multisystem,multi-security domain collaboration,etc.To solve these problems,it is proposed to construct trust domains based on federated chains.The public chain is used as the authorization chain to build a cross-domain data traceability mechanism applicable to multi-domain collaboration.First,the architecture of the blockchain cross-domain model is designed.Combined with the data access strategy and the decision mechanism,the open and transparent judgment of cross-domain permission and cross-domain identity authentication is realized.And the public chain consensus node election mechanism is realized based on PageRank.Then,according to the characteristics of a nonsingle chain structure in the process of data flow,a data retrievalmechanism based on a Bloom filter is designed,and the cross-domain traceability algorithm is given.Finally,the safety and effectiveness of the traceability mechanism are verified by security evaluation and performance analysis.展开更多
Quality traceability plays an essential role in assembling and welding offshore platform blocks.The improvement of the welding quality traceability system is conducive to improving the durability of the offshore platf...Quality traceability plays an essential role in assembling and welding offshore platform blocks.The improvement of the welding quality traceability system is conducive to improving the durability of the offshore platform and the process level of the offshore industry.Currently,qualitymanagement remains in the era of primary information,and there is a lack of effective tracking and recording of welding quality data.When welding defects are encountered,it is difficult to rapidly and accurately determine the root cause of the problem from various complexities and scattered quality data.In this paper,a composite welding quality traceability model for offshore platform block construction process is proposed,it contains the quality early-warning method based on long short-term memory and quality data backtracking query optimization algorithm.By fulfilling the training of the early-warning model and the implementation of the query optimization algorithm,the quality traceability model has the ability to assist enterprises in realizing the rapid identification and positioning of quality problems.Furthermore,the model and the quality traceability algorithm are checked by cases in actual working conditions.Verification analyses suggest that the proposed early-warningmodel for welding quality and the algorithmfor optimizing backtracking requests are effective and can be applied to the actual construction process.展开更多
The on-site inspection of high-power DC chargers results in new DC high-current measurement and DC energy traceability system requirements.This paper studies the traceability technology of electric energy value for au...The on-site inspection of high-power DC chargers results in new DC high-current measurement and DC energy traceability system requirements.This paper studies the traceability technology of electric energy value for automotive high-power DC chargers,including:(1)the traceability method of the built-in DC energy meter and shunt of the charger;(2)precision DC high current and small precision DC voltage output and measurement technology.This paper designs a 0.1 mA∼600 A DC high current measurement system and proposes a 0.005 level DC powermeasurement traceability system.The uncertainty evaluation experiment of theDC powermeasurement calibration system and the high-power DC charger’s on-site calibration experiment results verify the method’s effectiveness and feasibility in this paper.The experimental results show that the combined standard uncertainty of the DC power metering verification system can be 0.0451%.展开更多
The level of fashion consumer awareness and communication regarding sustainable consumption is rising. Organizations are working to provide clarity and guidance on fashion consumption. Brands are experimenting with ne...The level of fashion consumer awareness and communication regarding sustainable consumption is rising. Organizations are working to provide clarity and guidance on fashion consumption. Brands are experimenting with new materials and supply chain strategies, and suppliers are improving the manufacturing processes and quality of products. However, given the size and complexity of the industrial process, these efforts are not adequate in ensuring a sustainable fashion supply chain. Transparency and traceability in the fashion supply chain are needed to improve the fashion industry by supporting sustainable and ethical practices in the apparel supply chain. Key gaps include a lack of comprehensive and transparent information about how, where, and by whom materials are sourced, processed, and assembled;a lack of transparency in the supply chain practices and procedures affects the environment, working conditions, and human health. The industry has to build the capacity to manage its supply chain, more effectively and responsibly, by improving transparency and traceability as the top goals. So, in this context, the main purpose of this research paper is to study the impacts of transparency and traceability on the dimensions of sustainability in fashion supply chain. The researchers have applied descriptive research methods in which secondary data are collected and analyzed through a literature review of peer-reviewed research papers and the primary data are collected through the survey method by distributing a semi structured questionnaire. The data collected are analyzed using statistical tools and techniques. Finally, the results are discussed and presented.展开更多
With the development and progress of economic construction and market economy,urban construction is also developing rapidly.In the field of construction engineering,a large number of construction engineering files are...With the development and progress of economic construction and market economy,urban construction is also developing rapidly.In the field of construction engineering,a large number of construction engineering files are constantly being produced and accumulated.Therefore,the role of file management is becoming more and more important.The archives are the true records of the whole process of project construction,including the information on the whole process from project design to completion,and are also the main basis for operation management after project delivery.However,there are many aspects to construction project archives,and there are many problems.Nowadays,the classification and preservation of archives are receiving more and more attention.In this article,the origin and development history of construction project archives is first expounded,and its attributes and importance are analyzed.Secondly,the differences between ancient and modern archives management are compared,and at the same time suggestions on improving the archives’traceability system,strengthening the use of archives,and establishing and improving archives management are given.In this paper,we summarize the problems in archives sorting and put forward specific solutions to improve the standardization and systematic management of archives work and enhance the authenticity and integrity of construction project archives.展开更多
This paper develops a moderated mediation model in which the interactive effects of food traceability and environmental dynamism on firm performance are mediated by the core capabilities(operating capabilities and mar...This paper develops a moderated mediation model in which the interactive effects of food traceability and environmental dynamism on firm performance are mediated by the core capabilities(operating capabilities and marketing capabilities)in food supply chain context, by invoking the indirect view of organizational learning theory. Our hypotheses were tested using hierarchical regression and bootstrapping methods with a sample of 216 food manufacturing firms in China, and a survey-based, two-informant design was used to collect data. The results revealed that operating and marketing capabilities fully mediate the food traceability-performance link. In addition, environmental dynamism positively moderates the food traceability-core capabilities link. Moreover, it is found that operating and marketing capabilities transform the interactive impacts of environmental dynamism and food traceability into firm performance. Our study offers a fine-grained picture of the essential food traceability-performance link by revealing for the first time that there is an interactive impacts of food traceability and environmental dynamism on firm performance via core capabilities.展开更多
Supply chain traceability is key to reduce food safety risks,since it allows problems to be traced to their sources. Moreover,it allows regulatory agencies to understand where risk is introduced into the supply chain,...Supply chain traceability is key to reduce food safety risks,since it allows problems to be traced to their sources. Moreover,it allows regulatory agencies to understand where risk is introduced into the supply chain,and offers a major disincentive for upstream agricultural businesses engaging in economically motivated adulteration. This paper focuses on the aquatic supply chain in China,and seeks to understand the adoption of traceability both through an analytical model,and empirical analysis based on data collected through an extensive (largest ever) field survey of Chinese aquatic wholesale markets. The field survey includes 76 managers and 753 vendors,covering all aquatic wholesale markets in Zhejiang and Hunan provinces. The analytical and empirical results suggest that the adoption of traceability among wholesale market vendors is significantly associated with inspection intensity,their individual history of food safety problems,and their risk awareness. The effect of inspection intensity on traceability adoption is stronger in markets which are privately owned than in markets with state/collective ownership. The analysis offers insights into the current state of traceability in China. More importantly,it suggests several hypothesized factors that might affect the adoption of traceability and could be leveraged by regulatory organizations to improve it.展开更多
This paper aims to explore food safety traceability in the onboard food and beverage operations on cruise ships through a case study approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with galley and foodservice staf...This paper aims to explore food safety traceability in the onboard food and beverage operations on cruise ships through a case study approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with galley and foodservice staff. Additionally, a self-administered questionnaire was designed and distributed to logistics managers and employees of three Egyptian cruise companies. Results indicated that cruise ships in this study use paper-based and manually-entered (electronically stored) data traceability systems. Managing food safety by effective product recall, complying with legislation, and improving product quality are among the most important perceived benefits identified by foodservice staff. Maintaining a good reputation, ensuring food safety, reducing foodborne illnesses, suppliers' commitment to quality specifications, and maintaining guest confidence are considered the most important benefits from implementing a food traceability system. The results also depicted that the challenges managers face implementing or improving a food traceability system included high cost, absence of unified traceability standards between cruise companies and food suppliers, shortage of skilled staff, and lack of knowledge and satisfaction with current foodservice operation systems onboard cruise ships. Other findings elucidated that the critical success factors for implementing traceability included strict food traceability legislation, ensuring the adequacy and correctness of traceability information, adopting a food traceability system by the cruise company management, the standardization of food traceability information identification, and technology support for food traceability systems implementation from government. Other factors were reported of less importance. This research concluded the urgent need for more cooperation between cruise companies, food suppliers, and relevant governmental authorities to adopt food traceability systems and the need of authorizing and setting compulsory standards and regulations.展开更多
To address security and privacy issues in radio frequency identification (RFID) traceability networks, a multi-layer privacy and security framework is proposed, which includes four facets: a security model, a communic...To address security and privacy issues in radio frequency identification (RFID) traceability networks, a multi-layer privacy and security framework is proposed, which includes four facets: a security model, a communication protocol, access permission and privacy preservation. According to the security requirements that are needed in an RFID system, a security model that incorporates security requirements that include privacy of tag data, privacy of ownership, and availability of tag identity is introduced. Using this model, a secure communication protocol that can be used for anti-counterfeiting, automatic identification and privacy preservation is then developed. In order to manage the number of parties, data records of items, and complicated transitions of access permissions in an item-level traceability context, a well-designed access control protocol is proposed to parties that can prove the physical possession of an item;meanwhile, to address the privacy issues during data sharing in an RFID network, a vision of database systems that take responsibility for the privacy of the data they manage is also presented.展开更多
Agro-product enterprises are the mainstay of the traceability system,and are of great importance. We analyze the factors that influence the enthusiasm of agro-product enterprises for continuously establishing traceabi...Agro-product enterprises are the mainstay of the traceability system,and are of great importance. We analyze the factors that influence the enthusiasm of agro-product enterprises for continuously establishing traceability system from characteristics of enterprises,environment and performance,using the data of 81 agro-product enterprises in Sichuan province. It shows that the enthusiasm is greatly influenced by enterprises' characters and performance,such as age,ownership,business pattern of enterprises,market breadth,condition of enterprises' traceability system,income,acceptance of consumers,sales volume. Finally we put forward some recommendations,such as consummating the relative policies,increasing the publicity and perfecting performance assessment system.展开更多
Poernomo suggested an approach for requirement analysis within the CIM level of the MDA framework. His approach combined MEASUR, goal and object oriented analysis, and developed a new methodology that can be integrate...Poernomo suggested an approach for requirement analysis within the CIM level of the MDA framework. His approach combined MEASUR, goal and object oriented analysis, and developed a new methodology that can be integrated within the CIM level of the MDA. This paper adds requirement traceability capabilities to the method developed by Poernomo and applies the extended method on a case study based on a high profile international law firm.展开更多
Food traceability systems are capable of overcoming or alleviating problems caused by incomplete and asymmetric information on food markets.This study conducts an empirical analysis using 308 supermarket samples from ...Food traceability systems are capable of overcoming or alleviating problems caused by incomplete and asymmetric information on food markets.This study conducts an empirical analysis using 308 supermarket samples from China's Beijing,Guangzhou,and Qingdao to determine the factors that influence supermarket behavior when operating traceability systems.The results show that operating profits(generated from food traceability systems),scale of operation,level of economic development(of a city),and government subsidies will positively affect the decision of supermarkets to use traceability systems.At the same time,government policies promoting food traceability systems should have a long-term role.展开更多
BACKGROUND Early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment are important to survival of Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)bacteremia.Penicillin tends to be the most commonly used antibiotic.However,there are...BACKGROUND Early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment are important to survival of Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)bacteremia.Penicillin tends to be the most commonly used antibiotic.However,there are limited data on antibiotic use in elderly patients with serious complications.We describe the clinical presentation,antibiotic therapy,and traceability of L.monocytogenes in a centenarian with a history of eating frozen food.CASE SUMMARY A 102-year-old man suffered from high fever with chill after hematochezia.Tentative diagnoses were lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage and localized peritonitis.Meropenem and ornidazole were the empirical therapy.The patient did not respond and developed multiple system dysfunction even after teicoplanin was added to the therapy.L.monocytogenes was identified from blood cultures on day 5 of admission.The patient had a history of consuming frozen dumplings.Meropenem/ornidazole/teicoplanin were replaced with meropenem/linezolid.The patient gradually became afebrile.He received meropenem/linezolid for 10 d,and piperacillin/tazobactam was applied as step-down treatment for 2 wk with good clinical results.There was no sign of relapse during follow-up after discharge.L.monocytogenes isolates from the patient and frozen dumplings belonged to different serotypes and sequence types(STs):1/2b and ST5 from the patient and 1/2c and ST9 from the dumplings.CONCLUSION More awareness of listeriosis should be raised.Linezolid might be an option for listeriosis in elderly people with serious complications.展开更多
Traceability based on DNA analysis is attracting increasing interest due to the crisis of confidence that consumers show towards the products of animal origin. The present work discusses a genetic traceability system ...Traceability based on DNA analysis is attracting increasing interest due to the crisis of confidence that consumers show towards the products of animal origin. The present work discusses a genetic traceability system of meat and processed products from an historical Tuscan native pig breed, the Cinta Senese. The study is based on a panel of 8 ISAG (International Society for Animal Genetics) DNA microsatellite markers usage done both on pigs and derived products. The SSRs panel allowed us to obtain a unique fingerprint of the individuals to be used as a tracer “downstream” in the processed products. The molecular method used proved that the hams, analyzed just before commercialization, were obtained from Cinta Senese pigs and that the analyzed meat products derived from the Cinta Senese were produced at least with 95% of Cinta Senese meat. In perspective, the molecular testing could be introduced as a voluntarily adopted method for proving intrinsic quality of many regional food products.展开更多
Chinese government has attempted to promote food traceability system with all strength,but the application process of this system is very slow. The reason is that the adopters have a low level of system application,wh...Chinese government has attempted to promote food traceability system with all strength,but the application process of this system is very slow. The reason is that the adopters have a low level of system application,which causes the system to be invalid at the source of traceability. This paper applies literature research method to analyze the influencing factors for slow application process of the food traceability system in China from various angles including manufacturer,technology,consumer and law,and further concludes that the applying intention of manufacturers,cognizing and purchasing intentions of consumers,and legal environment are important factors for slow progress of system application. On the basis of the research conclusions,the paper proposes practical ways for better construction of food traceability system in China.展开更多
Food traceability systems availability and efficiency was investigated using 74 food businesses along the food chain in Ghana. Questionnaire with closed and open ended questions were given to purposefully sampled staf...Food traceability systems availability and efficiency was investigated using 74 food businesses along the food chain in Ghana. Questionnaire with closed and open ended questions were given to purposefully sampled staff in key positions in the food businesses to answer on qualification of technical personnel, availability of documentation procedure and how these businesses were controlling traceability systems. Most food businesses were using Higher National Diploma graduates in the technical/supervisory positions. Documentation was poor and although there was awareness on trace- ability across the food businesses, implementation and maintenance was not effective. Only 23.8% manufactur- ing/processing units, 20% hospitals, 16.7% hotels and 14.8% schools could complete traceability test within 4 hours. It was recommended that more short training programmes on quality and safety be designed for workers in the food in- dustry by appropriate institutions while science students from the Senior High Schools are encouraged to enroll on food science and food manufacturing technology programs to improve on the current situation.展开更多
In order to realize the whole process of consumer- producer bidirectional traceability and distinguish the true from the false,according to Yinghong 9,planting,processing and circulation situation,we introduce UHF RFI...In order to realize the whole process of consumer- producer bidirectional traceability and distinguish the true from the false,according to Yinghong 9,planting,processing and circulation situation,we introduce UHF RFID and Network information technology,to design and develop the UHF RFID black tea traceability system.The system adopts.NET technology,uses Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 + VB.NET,Microsoft SQL SERVER 2005,T-SQL language for development and design,and uses the network architecture of C /S combined with B /S,to randomly generate ID with 20 bit code and label,thereby forming the only corresponding relation and pointing to the corresponding batch and product types.The technology mode using three-layer structure for development realizes the functions of data collection,tracing,sharing and query.The data and business processing are concentrated on the server,simplifying the development,use and maintenance of system.We build and implement Yinghong 9 black tea traceability system,to the needs of government,the public and the producers for Yinghong 9 brand protection,product quality tracking and market regulation.展开更多
基金The authors are grateful to the Telematics Engineering Group(GIT)and the Research Group for Rural Development(Tull)of the University of Cauca,and the Ministry of Science Technology and Innovation of Colombia(Minciencias)for the Ph.D.support granted to Cristian Valencia Payan,as well as the Project“Estrategias para la valorización de los dulces tradicionales de Popayán”(Código:110380863995)founded by Minciencias-Colombia(Contrato 127-2019).
文摘Traditionally,food sustainability has been considered solely in the stage of agricultural production.However,globalization,the expansion of the food production industry,and the emergence of supermarket chains that control the retail food market require specific significant changes in supply chains in the food sector and,therefore,we need to address the economic,social,and environmental impacts of these events.On the other hand,social selling has increased rapidly in recent years,with a further boom,following current events related to the coronavirus disease(COVID-19).This explosion of social sales,where there are usually no control and regulation entities,can bring problems associated with mishandling items.In this paper,we expose how Blockchain technology supports the traceability of social sales by validating the data provided by the chain participants such as digital health passports,production and transport data in the sale process;the proposed solution generates recommendations on productmanagement considering the agreements previously made by the network actors.To evaluate the proposed smart contracts,we useHyperledger Caliper,obtaining an average throughput of 12.6 transactions per second and an average latency of 0.3 s for the asset update process.We also use a study case to evaluate the proposed project platform’s selling-transport stage using Internet of Things(IoT)sensors.
基金support provided in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2020YFB1005804part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62372121,and in part by the NRPU 20-15516,HEC,Pakistan.
文摘Trustworthiness and product traceability are essential factors in the apparel industry 4.0 for establishing successful business relationships among stakeholders such as customers,manufacturers,suppliers,and consumers.Each stakeholder has implemented different technology-based systems to record and track product transactions.However,these systems work in silos,and there is no intra-system communication,leading to a lack of complete supply chain traceability for all apparel stakeholders.Moreover,apparel stakeholders are reluctant to share their business information with business competitors;thus,they involve third-party auditors to ensure the quality of the final product.Furthermore,the apparel manufacturing industry faces challenges with counterfeit products,making it difficult for consumers to determine the authenticity of the products.Therefore,in this paper,a trustworthy apparel product traceability framework called ChainApparel is developed using the Internet of Things(IoT)and blockchain to address these challenges of authenticity and traceability of apparel products.Specifically,multiple smart contracts are designed and developed for registration,process execution,audit,fault,and product traceability to authorize,validate,and trace every business transaction among the apparel stakeholders.Further,the real-time performance analysis of ChainApparel is carried out regarding transaction throughput and latency by deploying the compute nodes at different geographical locations using Hyperledger Fabric.The results conclude that ChainApparel accomplished significant performance under diverse workloads while ensuring complete traceability along the complex supply chain of the apparel industry.Thus,the ChainApparel framework helps make the apparel product more trustworthy and transparent in the market while safeguarding trust among the industry stakeholders.
基金supported by the research and innovation program for graduate students of the Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese MedicineThis work is also partially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC1710402)the research on tracing TCM Electronic Medical Records Based on the Lightweight Blockchain of Guangdong Provincial Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine(20222045).
文摘Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is one of the most promising programs for disease prevention and treatment.Meanwhile,the quality of TCM has garnered much attention.To ensure the quality of TCM,many works are based on the blockchain scheme to design the traceability scheme of TCM to trace its origin.Although these schemes can ensure the integrity,sharability,credibility,and immutability of TCM more effectively,many problems are exposed with the rapid growth of TCM data in blockchains,such as expensive overhead,performance bottlenecks,and the traditional blockchain architecture is unsuitable for TCM data with dynamic growth.Motivated by the aforementioned problems,we propose a novel and lightweight TCM traceability architecture based on the blockchain using sharding(LBS-TCM).Compared to the existing blockchain-based TCM traceability system,our architecture utilizes sharding to develop a novel traceability mechanism that supports more convenient traceability operations for TCM requirements such as uploading,querying,and downloading.Specifically,our architecture consists of a leader shard blockchain layer as its main component,which employs a sharding mechanism to conveniently TCM tracing.Empirical evaluations demonstrated that our architecture showed better performance in many aspects compared to traditional blockchain architectures,such as TCM transaction processing,TCM transaction querying,TCM uploading,etc.In our architecture,tracing TCM has become a very efficient operation,which ensures the quality of TCM and provides great convenience for subsequent TCM analysis and retrospective research.
文摘With the application and development of blockchain technology,many problems faced by blockchain traceability are gradually exposed.Such as cross-chain information collaboration,data separation and storage,multisystem,multi-security domain collaboration,etc.To solve these problems,it is proposed to construct trust domains based on federated chains.The public chain is used as the authorization chain to build a cross-domain data traceability mechanism applicable to multi-domain collaboration.First,the architecture of the blockchain cross-domain model is designed.Combined with the data access strategy and the decision mechanism,the open and transparent judgment of cross-domain permission and cross-domain identity authentication is realized.And the public chain consensus node election mechanism is realized based on PageRank.Then,according to the characteristics of a nonsingle chain structure in the process of data flow,a data retrievalmechanism based on a Bloom filter is designed,and the cross-domain traceability algorithm is given.Finally,the safety and effectiveness of the traceability mechanism are verified by security evaluation and performance analysis.
基金funded by Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of China[Grant No.2018473].
文摘Quality traceability plays an essential role in assembling and welding offshore platform blocks.The improvement of the welding quality traceability system is conducive to improving the durability of the offshore platform and the process level of the offshore industry.Currently,qualitymanagement remains in the era of primary information,and there is a lack of effective tracking and recording of welding quality data.When welding defects are encountered,it is difficult to rapidly and accurately determine the root cause of the problem from various complexities and scattered quality data.In this paper,a composite welding quality traceability model for offshore platform block construction process is proposed,it contains the quality early-warning method based on long short-term memory and quality data backtracking query optimization algorithm.By fulfilling the training of the early-warning model and the implementation of the query optimization algorithm,the quality traceability model has the ability to assist enterprises in realizing the rapid identification and positioning of quality problems.Furthermore,the model and the quality traceability algorithm are checked by cases in actual working conditions.Verification analyses suggest that the proposed early-warningmodel for welding quality and the algorithmfor optimizing backtracking requests are effective and can be applied to the actual construction process.
文摘The on-site inspection of high-power DC chargers results in new DC high-current measurement and DC energy traceability system requirements.This paper studies the traceability technology of electric energy value for automotive high-power DC chargers,including:(1)the traceability method of the built-in DC energy meter and shunt of the charger;(2)precision DC high current and small precision DC voltage output and measurement technology.This paper designs a 0.1 mA∼600 A DC high current measurement system and proposes a 0.005 level DC powermeasurement traceability system.The uncertainty evaluation experiment of theDC powermeasurement calibration system and the high-power DC charger’s on-site calibration experiment results verify the method’s effectiveness and feasibility in this paper.The experimental results show that the combined standard uncertainty of the DC power metering verification system can be 0.0451%.
文摘The level of fashion consumer awareness and communication regarding sustainable consumption is rising. Organizations are working to provide clarity and guidance on fashion consumption. Brands are experimenting with new materials and supply chain strategies, and suppliers are improving the manufacturing processes and quality of products. However, given the size and complexity of the industrial process, these efforts are not adequate in ensuring a sustainable fashion supply chain. Transparency and traceability in the fashion supply chain are needed to improve the fashion industry by supporting sustainable and ethical practices in the apparel supply chain. Key gaps include a lack of comprehensive and transparent information about how, where, and by whom materials are sourced, processed, and assembled;a lack of transparency in the supply chain practices and procedures affects the environment, working conditions, and human health. The industry has to build the capacity to manage its supply chain, more effectively and responsibly, by improving transparency and traceability as the top goals. So, in this context, the main purpose of this research paper is to study the impacts of transparency and traceability on the dimensions of sustainability in fashion supply chain. The researchers have applied descriptive research methods in which secondary data are collected and analyzed through a literature review of peer-reviewed research papers and the primary data are collected through the survey method by distributing a semi structured questionnaire. The data collected are analyzed using statistical tools and techniques. Finally, the results are discussed and presented.
文摘With the development and progress of economic construction and market economy,urban construction is also developing rapidly.In the field of construction engineering,a large number of construction engineering files are constantly being produced and accumulated.Therefore,the role of file management is becoming more and more important.The archives are the true records of the whole process of project construction,including the information on the whole process from project design to completion,and are also the main basis for operation management after project delivery.However,there are many aspects to construction project archives,and there are many problems.Nowadays,the classification and preservation of archives are receiving more and more attention.In this article,the origin and development history of construction project archives is first expounded,and its attributes and importance are analyzed.Secondly,the differences between ancient and modern archives management are compared,and at the same time suggestions on improving the archives’traceability system,strengthening the use of archives,and establishing and improving archives management are given.In this paper,we summarize the problems in archives sorting and put forward specific solutions to improve the standardization and systematic management of archives work and enhance the authenticity and integrity of construction project archives.
基金supported by the research grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71803183)the Financial Funds of Ministry of Agriculture (051821301112421010)
文摘This paper develops a moderated mediation model in which the interactive effects of food traceability and environmental dynamism on firm performance are mediated by the core capabilities(operating capabilities and marketing capabilities)in food supply chain context, by invoking the indirect view of organizational learning theory. Our hypotheses were tested using hierarchical regression and bootstrapping methods with a sample of 216 food manufacturing firms in China, and a survey-based, two-informant design was used to collect data. The results revealed that operating and marketing capabilities fully mediate the food traceability-performance link. In addition, environmental dynamism positively moderates the food traceability-core capabilities link. Moreover, it is found that operating and marketing capabilities transform the interactive impacts of environmental dynamism and food traceability into firm performance. Our study offers a fine-grained picture of the essential food traceability-performance link by revealing for the first time that there is an interactive impacts of food traceability and environmental dynamism on firm performance via core capabilities.
基金The research was funded by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China and ZJU-IFPRI Center for International Development Studiesthe National Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science of China (19ZDA106).
文摘Supply chain traceability is key to reduce food safety risks,since it allows problems to be traced to their sources. Moreover,it allows regulatory agencies to understand where risk is introduced into the supply chain,and offers a major disincentive for upstream agricultural businesses engaging in economically motivated adulteration. This paper focuses on the aquatic supply chain in China,and seeks to understand the adoption of traceability both through an analytical model,and empirical analysis based on data collected through an extensive (largest ever) field survey of Chinese aquatic wholesale markets. The field survey includes 76 managers and 753 vendors,covering all aquatic wholesale markets in Zhejiang and Hunan provinces. The analytical and empirical results suggest that the adoption of traceability among wholesale market vendors is significantly associated with inspection intensity,their individual history of food safety problems,and their risk awareness. The effect of inspection intensity on traceability adoption is stronger in markets which are privately owned than in markets with state/collective ownership. The analysis offers insights into the current state of traceability in China. More importantly,it suggests several hypothesized factors that might affect the adoption of traceability and could be leveraged by regulatory organizations to improve it.
文摘This paper aims to explore food safety traceability in the onboard food and beverage operations on cruise ships through a case study approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with galley and foodservice staff. Additionally, a self-administered questionnaire was designed and distributed to logistics managers and employees of three Egyptian cruise companies. Results indicated that cruise ships in this study use paper-based and manually-entered (electronically stored) data traceability systems. Managing food safety by effective product recall, complying with legislation, and improving product quality are among the most important perceived benefits identified by foodservice staff. Maintaining a good reputation, ensuring food safety, reducing foodborne illnesses, suppliers' commitment to quality specifications, and maintaining guest confidence are considered the most important benefits from implementing a food traceability system. The results also depicted that the challenges managers face implementing or improving a food traceability system included high cost, absence of unified traceability standards between cruise companies and food suppliers, shortage of skilled staff, and lack of knowledge and satisfaction with current foodservice operation systems onboard cruise ships. Other findings elucidated that the critical success factors for implementing traceability included strict food traceability legislation, ensuring the adequacy and correctness of traceability information, adopting a food traceability system by the cruise company management, the standardization of food traceability information identification, and technology support for food traceability systems implementation from government. Other factors were reported of less importance. This research concluded the urgent need for more cooperation between cruise companies, food suppliers, and relevant governmental authorities to adopt food traceability systems and the need of authorizing and setting compulsory standards and regulations.
基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of Fujian Province (No.X04139)
文摘To address security and privacy issues in radio frequency identification (RFID) traceability networks, a multi-layer privacy and security framework is proposed, which includes four facets: a security model, a communication protocol, access permission and privacy preservation. According to the security requirements that are needed in an RFID system, a security model that incorporates security requirements that include privacy of tag data, privacy of ownership, and availability of tag identity is introduced. Using this model, a secure communication protocol that can be used for anti-counterfeiting, automatic identification and privacy preservation is then developed. In order to manage the number of parties, data records of items, and complicated transitions of access permissions in an item-level traceability context, a well-designed access control protocol is proposed to parties that can prove the physical possession of an item;meanwhile, to address the privacy issues during data sharing in an RFID network, a vision of database systems that take responsibility for the privacy of the data they manage is also presented.
基金Supported by the National Philosophy and Social Science Fund Project (09XJY024)
文摘Agro-product enterprises are the mainstay of the traceability system,and are of great importance. We analyze the factors that influence the enthusiasm of agro-product enterprises for continuously establishing traceability system from characteristics of enterprises,environment and performance,using the data of 81 agro-product enterprises in Sichuan province. It shows that the enthusiasm is greatly influenced by enterprises' characters and performance,such as age,ownership,business pattern of enterprises,market breadth,condition of enterprises' traceability system,income,acceptance of consumers,sales volume. Finally we put forward some recommendations,such as consummating the relative policies,increasing the publicity and perfecting performance assessment system.
文摘Poernomo suggested an approach for requirement analysis within the CIM level of the MDA framework. His approach combined MEASUR, goal and object oriented analysis, and developed a new methodology that can be integrated within the CIM level of the MDA. This paper adds requirement traceability capabilities to the method developed by Poernomo and applies the extended method on a case study based on a high profile international law firm.
基金funded by The National Social Science Foundation of China "Study of the coupling supervision mechanism of China's food safety certification and traceability",The Ministry of EducationThe Humanities and Social Sciences Youth Fund of China(11YJC630027)"Double-Hundred" Research Project of Qing Dao City(2012-B-23)
文摘Food traceability systems are capable of overcoming or alleviating problems caused by incomplete and asymmetric information on food markets.This study conducts an empirical analysis using 308 supermarket samples from China's Beijing,Guangzhou,and Qingdao to determine the factors that influence supermarket behavior when operating traceability systems.The results show that operating profits(generated from food traceability systems),scale of operation,level of economic development(of a city),and government subsidies will positively affect the decision of supermarkets to use traceability systems.At the same time,government policies promoting food traceability systems should have a long-term role.
基金Supported by Teaching Fund of Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University,China,No.2018XWJXGG-29.
文摘BACKGROUND Early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment are important to survival of Listeria monocytogenes(L.monocytogenes)bacteremia.Penicillin tends to be the most commonly used antibiotic.However,there are limited data on antibiotic use in elderly patients with serious complications.We describe the clinical presentation,antibiotic therapy,and traceability of L.monocytogenes in a centenarian with a history of eating frozen food.CASE SUMMARY A 102-year-old man suffered from high fever with chill after hematochezia.Tentative diagnoses were lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage and localized peritonitis.Meropenem and ornidazole were the empirical therapy.The patient did not respond and developed multiple system dysfunction even after teicoplanin was added to the therapy.L.monocytogenes was identified from blood cultures on day 5 of admission.The patient had a history of consuming frozen dumplings.Meropenem/ornidazole/teicoplanin were replaced with meropenem/linezolid.The patient gradually became afebrile.He received meropenem/linezolid for 10 d,and piperacillin/tazobactam was applied as step-down treatment for 2 wk with good clinical results.There was no sign of relapse during follow-up after discharge.L.monocytogenes isolates from the patient and frozen dumplings belonged to different serotypes and sequence types(STs):1/2b and ST5 from the patient and 1/2c and ST9 from the dumplings.CONCLUSION More awareness of listeriosis should be raised.Linezolid might be an option for listeriosis in elderly people with serious complications.
文摘Traceability based on DNA analysis is attracting increasing interest due to the crisis of confidence that consumers show towards the products of animal origin. The present work discusses a genetic traceability system of meat and processed products from an historical Tuscan native pig breed, the Cinta Senese. The study is based on a panel of 8 ISAG (International Society for Animal Genetics) DNA microsatellite markers usage done both on pigs and derived products. The SSRs panel allowed us to obtain a unique fingerprint of the individuals to be used as a tracer “downstream” in the processed products. The molecular method used proved that the hams, analyzed just before commercialization, were obtained from Cinta Senese pigs and that the analyzed meat products derived from the Cinta Senese were produced at least with 95% of Cinta Senese meat. In perspective, the molecular testing could be introduced as a voluntarily adopted method for proving intrinsic quality of many regional food products.
基金Supported by the Humanities and Social Sciences Planning Project of Ministry of Education(11YJA790039)
文摘Chinese government has attempted to promote food traceability system with all strength,but the application process of this system is very slow. The reason is that the adopters have a low level of system application,which causes the system to be invalid at the source of traceability. This paper applies literature research method to analyze the influencing factors for slow application process of the food traceability system in China from various angles including manufacturer,technology,consumer and law,and further concludes that the applying intention of manufacturers,cognizing and purchasing intentions of consumers,and legal environment are important factors for slow progress of system application. On the basis of the research conclusions,the paper proposes practical ways for better construction of food traceability system in China.
文摘Food traceability systems availability and efficiency was investigated using 74 food businesses along the food chain in Ghana. Questionnaire with closed and open ended questions were given to purposefully sampled staff in key positions in the food businesses to answer on qualification of technical personnel, availability of documentation procedure and how these businesses were controlling traceability systems. Most food businesses were using Higher National Diploma graduates in the technical/supervisory positions. Documentation was poor and although there was awareness on trace- ability across the food businesses, implementation and maintenance was not effective. Only 23.8% manufactur- ing/processing units, 20% hospitals, 16.7% hotels and 14.8% schools could complete traceability test within 4 hours. It was recommended that more short training programmes on quality and safety be designed for workers in the food in- dustry by appropriate institutions while science students from the Senior High Schools are encouraged to enroll on food science and food manufacturing technology programs to improve on the current situation.
基金Supported by Guangdong Provincial Plan for Promoting the Development of Technological Service Industry(2011B040300011,2011B040100006,2012B040301042)
文摘In order to realize the whole process of consumer- producer bidirectional traceability and distinguish the true from the false,according to Yinghong 9,planting,processing and circulation situation,we introduce UHF RFID and Network information technology,to design and develop the UHF RFID black tea traceability system.The system adopts.NET technology,uses Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 + VB.NET,Microsoft SQL SERVER 2005,T-SQL language for development and design,and uses the network architecture of C /S combined with B /S,to randomly generate ID with 20 bit code and label,thereby forming the only corresponding relation and pointing to the corresponding batch and product types.The technology mode using three-layer structure for development realizes the functions of data collection,tracing,sharing and query.The data and business processing are concentrated on the server,simplifying the development,use and maintenance of system.We build and implement Yinghong 9 black tea traceability system,to the needs of government,the public and the producers for Yinghong 9 brand protection,product quality tracking and market regulation.
