AIM:To assess the repeatability,interocular correlation,and agreement of quantitative swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)optic nerve head(ONH)parameters in healthy subjects.METHODS:Thir ty-thre...AIM:To assess the repeatability,interocular correlation,and agreement of quantitative swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)optic nerve head(ONH)parameters in healthy subjects.METHODS:Thir ty-three healthy subjects were enrolled.The ONH of both eyes were imaged four times by a swept-source-OCTA using a 3 mm×3 mm scanning protocol.Images of the radial peripapillary capillary were analyzed by a customized Matlab program,and the vessel density,fractal dimension,and vessel diameter index were measured.The repeatability of the four scans was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC).The most well-centered optic disc from the four repeated scans was then selected for the interocular correlation and agreement analysis using the Pearson correlation coefficient,ICC and Bland-Altman plots.RESULTS:All swept-source-OCTA ONH parameters exhibited certain repeatability,with ICC>0.760 and coefficient of variation(CoV)≤7.301%.The obvious interocular correlation was observed for papillary vessel density(ICC=0.857),vessel diameter index(ICC=0.857)and fractal dimension(ICC=0.906),while circumpapillary vessel density exhibited moderate interocular correlation(ICC=0.687).Bland-Altman plots revealed an agreement range of-5.26%to 6.21%for circumpapillary vessel density.CONCLUSION:OCTA ONH parameters demonstrate good repeatability in healthy subjects.The interocular correlations of papillary vessel density,fractal dimension and vessel diameter index are high,but the correlation for circumpapillary vessel density is moderate.展开更多
AIM:To quantify changes in radial peripapillary capillary vessel density(ppVD)and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL)in children with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy by optical coh...AIM:To quantify changes in radial peripapillary capillary vessel density(ppVD)and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL)in children with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),providing a basis for early retinopathy in children with type 1 diabetes.METHODS:This was a retrospective study.A total of 30 patients(3–14y)with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy(NDR group)were included.A total of 30 age-matched healthy subjects were included as the normal control group(CON group).The HbA1c level in the last 3mo was measured once in the NDR group.The pRNFL thickness and ppVD were automatically measured,and the mean pRNFL and ppVD were calculated in the nasal,inferior,temporal,and superior quadrants.The changes in ppVD and pRNFL in the two groups were analyzed.RESULTS:Compared with CON group,the nasal and superior ppVDs decreased in the NDR group(all P<0.01).The thickness of the nasal pRNFL decreased significantly(P<0.01),while the inferior,temporal and superior pRNFLs slightly decreased but not significant in the NDR group(all P>0.05).Person and Spearman correlation analysis of ppVD and pRNFL thickness in each quadrant of the NDR group showed a positive correlation between nasal and superior(all P<0.01),while inferior and temporal had no significant correlation(all P>0.05).There was no significant correlation between the HbA1c level and ppVD and pRNFL in any quadrant(all P>0.05).There was no significant correlation between the course of diabetes mellitus and ppVD and pRNFL in any quadrant(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION:ppVD and pRNFL decrease in eyes of children with type 1 diabetes before clinically detectable retinopathy and OCTA is helpful for early monitoring.展开更多
AIM:To compare the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer(GCIPL)thickness,retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness,optic nerve head(ONH)parameters,and retinal vessel density(VD)measured by spectral-domain optical...AIM:To compare the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer(GCIPL)thickness,retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness,optic nerve head(ONH)parameters,and retinal vessel density(VD)measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)and analyze the correlations between them in the early,moderate,severe primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG)and normal eyes.METHODS:Totally 70 PACG eyes and 20 normal eyes were recruited for this retrospective analysis.PACG eyes were further separated into early,moderate,or severe PACG eyes using the Enhanced Glaucoma Staging System(GSS2).The GCIPL thickness,RNFL thickness,ONH parameters,and retinal VD were measured by SD-OCT,differences among the groups and correlations within the same group were calculated.RESULTS:The inferior and superotemporal sectors of the GCIPL thickness,rim area of ONH,average and inferior sector of the retinal VD were significantly reduced(all P<0.05)in the early PACG eyes compared to the normal and the optic disc area,cup to disc ratio(C/D),and cup volume were significantly higher(all P<0.05);but the RNFL was not significant changes in early and moderate PACG.In severe group,the GCIPL and RNFL thickness were obvious thinning with retinal VD were decreasing as well as C/D and cup volume increasing than other three groups(all P<0.01).In the early PACG subgroup,there were significant positive correlations between retinal VD and GCIPL thickness(except superonasal and inferonasal sectors,r=0.573 to 0.641,all P<0.05),superior sectors of RNFL thickness(r=0.055,P=0.049).More obvious significant positive correlations were existed in moderate PACG eyes between retinal VD and superior sectors of RNFL thickness(r=0.650,P=0.022),and temporal sectors of RNFL thickness(r=0.740,P=0.006).In the severe PACG eyes,neither GCIPL nor RNFL thickness was associated with retinal VD.CONCLUSION:The ONH damage and retinal VD loss appears earlier than RNFL thickness loss in PACG eyes.As the PACG disease progressed from the early to the moderate stage,the correlations between the retinal VD and RNFL thickness increases.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate macular microvasculature changes in eyes after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)and intraocular silicone oil(SO)tamponade for macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)using optical coherence tomograph...AIM:To evaluate macular microvasculature changes in eyes after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)and intraocular silicone oil(SO)tamponade for macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:Totally 19 eyes(19 patients)with maculaoff RRD who underwent PPV and intraocular SO tamponade were retrospectively reviewed.The parafoveal superficial capillary plexus(SCP)vessel density(VD),deep capillary plexus(DCP)VD,choriocapillaris plexus(CCP)VD,and foveal macular thickness were evaluated using OCTA throughout 16 wk postoperatively.The values of healthy fellow eyes were used as control.RESULTS:The parafoveal SCP,DCP,and CCP VDs were significant increased over time in RRD eyes during the 12 wk postoperatively,then decreased at 16 wk postoperatively(all P<0.01).The ratios of RRD eyes and fellow healthy eyes(r/f ratios)of the SCP and DCP VDs were lower than those of the CCP VD postoperatively(all P<0.05).There were not significant differences in the r/f ratios between SCP and DCP VDs postoperatively(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The parafoveal SCP,DCP,and CCP VDs gradually recover over time after PPV surgery with SO tamponade.Long-time SO tamponade might decrease postoperative macular VDs.Compared to parafoveal CCP VD,the parafoveal SCP and DCP VDs were more vulnerable in RRD eyes postoperatively.展开更多
·AIM:To perform a quantitative analysis of the peripapillary vessel density(VD)and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness changes in patients with early stage of diabetic retinopathy(DR).·METHODS:In this c...·AIM:To perform a quantitative analysis of the peripapillary vessel density(VD)and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness changes in patients with early stage of diabetic retinopathy(DR).·METHODS:In this case-control study,swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(SS-OCTA)imaging was used to examine diabetic and age-matched healthy subjects.The optic disc HD 6×6 mm^(2) blood flow imaging scan mode was selected.Automatic software was used to measure the peripapillary VD,capillary vessel density(CVD),and RNLF in an optic nerve head(ONH)filed based on the Garway-Heath map.In addition,the correlation between peripapillary VD,CVD,and RNFL was further investigated.·RESULTS:The cohort consisted of 32 healthy individuals and 72 patients with diabetes(34 eyes with no DR and 38 eyes with mild-moderate NPDR).Peripapillary VD decreased in the mild-moderate NPDR group compared to the control group in most regions(P<0.05).Peripapillary CVD and RNFL thickness were significantly lower in the mild-moderate NPDR group in the superior temporal(ST)quadrants(P=0.018.P=0.030).In the correlation analysis of each region,the RNFL thickness in the NS region was positively correlated with the peripapillary VD and CVD(r=0.233,P=0.05;r=0.288.P=0.015).In the TI region,the RNFL thickness was positively correlated with the peripapillary CVD(r=0.237,P=0.047).·CONCLUSION:The measurement based on the ONH topographic map may be helpful in detecting functional and structural impairments in DR.The peripapillary VD,CVD and RNFL decrease in early DR,and the RNFL thickness altered in association with the CVD or/and VD in some regions.展开更多
·AIM:To evaluate optic nerve head(ONH)vessel density(VD)changes after cataract surgery using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).·METHODS:This was a prospective observational study.Thirty-four eye...·AIM:To evaluate optic nerve head(ONH)vessel density(VD)changes after cataract surgery using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).·METHODS:This was a prospective observational study.Thirty-four eyes with mild/moderate cataracts were included.ONH scans were obtained before and 3mo after cataract surgery using OCTA.Radial peripapillary capillary(RPC)density,all VD,large VD and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT)in total disc,inside disc,and different peripapillary sectors were assessed and analyzed.Image quality score(QS),fundus photography grading and bestcorrected visual acuity(BCVA)were also collected,and correlation analyses were performed between VD change and these parameters.·RESULTS:Compared with baseline,both RPC and all VD increased in inside disc area 3mo postoperatively(from 47.5%±5.3%to 50.2%±3.7%,and from 57.87%±4.30%to 60.47%±3.10%,all P<0.001),but no differences were observed in peripapillary area.However,large VD increased from 5.63%±0.77%to 6.47%±0.72%in peripapillary ONH region(P<0.001).RPC decreased in inferior and superior peripapillary ONH parts(P=0.019,<0.001 respectively).There were obvious negative correlations between RPC change and large VD change in inside disc,superior-hemi,and inferior-hemi(r=-0.419,-0.370,and-0.439,P=0.017,0.044,and 0.015,respectively).No correlations were found between VD change and other parameters including QS change,fundus photography grading,postoperative BCVA,and postoperative peripapillary RNFLT.·CONCLUSION:RPC density and all VD in the inside disc ONH region increase 3mo after surgery in patients with mild to moderate cataract.No obvious VD changes are found in peripapillary area postoperatively.展开更多
The present study aims to investigate the effect of temporary cerebrospinal fluid pressure(CSFP) reduction on optic nerve head(ONH) and macular vessel density(VD) using optical coherence tomography angiography.Forty-f...The present study aims to investigate the effect of temporary cerebrospinal fluid pressure(CSFP) reduction on optic nerve head(ONH) and macular vessel density(VD) using optical coherence tomography angiography.Forty-four eyes of 44 adults with diagnostic lumbar puncture and CSFP reduction were recruited.Thirty-two eyes of 32 healthy volunteers were controls.ONH and macular VD images were evaluated differences between baseline and after CSFP reduction.The results showed that the mean CSFP decreased from(11.6±2.1) mm Hg to(8.2±3.4) mm Hg(P<0.001).VD in the macular regions decreased significantly after CSFP reduction in the study group(all P<0.05).The control group showed no significant changes in macular VD(all P>0.05).In the study group,decreased VD in the macular parainferior region was associated with CSFP reduction(R^(2)=0.192,P=0.003),the reduction of macular VD in parafoveal(R^(2)=0.098,P=0.018),parainferior(R^(2)=0.104,P=0.021),parasuperior(R^(2)=0.059,P=0.058),paranasal(R^(2)=0.057,P=0.042),paratemporal(R^(2)=0.079,P=0.026) was associated with mean ocular perfusion pressure decrease following CSFP reduction.ONH vessel density did not differ after CSFP reduction(all P>0.05).In conclusion,macular vessel density decreased in association with CSFP reduction.Retinal vessel density in the macular region is more sensitive than that in peripapillary region after CSFP reduction.展开更多
Background:Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a novel non-invasive angiography technology that has recently been extensively studied for its utility in anterior segment imaging.In this study,we compared ...Background:Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a novel non-invasive angiography technology that has recently been extensively studied for its utility in anterior segment imaging.In this study,we compared a split-spectrum amplitude decorrelation angiography(SSADA)OCTA and an optical micro-angiography(OMAG SD)OCTA system to current angiographic technique,indocyanine green angiography(ICGA),to assess corneal vascularisation in an animal model.Methods:We imaged 16 rabbits,(one eye per animal)with corneal vascularisation using SSADA OCTA(AngioVue;Optovue Inc.,USA),OMAG OCTA(Angioscan;RS-3000 Nidek Co.Ltd.,Japan)and ICGA in the same region of interest of the cornea at successive time-points.We then analysed all scanned images for vessel density measurements and used paired t-tests and Bland-Altman plots to examine for significant differences.The en-face segmentation images from each of the OCTA scans were also extracted and were matched at every 50μm segmentation to be compared for vessel density at the respective depths.Results:Bland-Altman plots revealed a good agreement between all three imaging techniques(P>0.05)for all vessel density measurements computed,and the ranges of 95%limit of agreement were acceptable from a clinical perspective.No significant difference was reported,with ICGA(μ=16.52±8.94%)being more comparable to the OMAG OCTA(μ=16.23±9.51%;p=0.50)than the SSADA OCTA(μ=17.09±7.34%;p=0.33)system.Also,a good correlation value(r>0.9)was obtained when comparing the vessel density measurements of the en-face segmentations between the OCTA systems.Conclusions:Comparable vessel density quantification between the two OCTA systems,and with ICGA was obtained.Segmentation analysis of the vasculature at different depths showed varied performance in the two OCTA systems relative to each other.The implications of the study may help to aid in the development of better OCTA algorithms for the anterior segment and its use in clinical translational research.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the association between the development of diabetic retinopathy and OCTA blood flow density.Methods:A total of 63 patients(100 eyes)diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in Eye Hospital of China Acad...Objective:To investigate the association between the development of diabetic retinopathy and OCTA blood flow density.Methods:A total of 63 patients(100 eyes)diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from September 2020 to July 2021 were selected,including 44 patients(72 eyes)with diabetic retinopathy and 19 patients(28 eyes)with type 2 diabetes without retinopathy(NDR).All patients underwent OCTA examination,and FAZ,PERIM,AI,FD,SVD,DVD and other indicators were counted.Results:(1)SVD,parafoveal SVD,DVD and parafoveal DVD gradually decreased with the progression of DR(P=0.000).There was no significant difference in SVD and DVD fovea(P>0.05).(2)The correlation coefficients between SVD,SVD,DVD,DVD and DR process were-0.525,-0.586,-0.323,-0.424,respectively(P<0.05),and all showed moderate negative correlation.(3)AI and FD gradually decreased with the progression of DR,and the differences were statistically significant(P=0.011,P=0.000),while FAZ and PERIM showed no significant difference with the progression of DR(P>0.05).(4)The correlation coefficients of FAZ,PERIM and DR progression were:-0.031,0.084(P>0.05),no correlation,AI,FD and DR process correlation coefficient were 0.307,-0.459(P<0.05),respectively,were moderately positive and negative correlation;(5)The correlation coefficients of FAZ,PERIM,AI,FD and age were-0.124,-0.052,0.113,-0.170(P>0.05),respectively.Conclusion:There is a moderate correlation between the progression of DR and the superficial and deep blood flow density of OCTA.It was moderately correlated with AI and FD.OCTA can assist in the assessment of DR disease progression.展开更多
AIM:To observe the retinal and choroidal circulations in patients with non-arteritic permanent central retinal artery occlusion(NA-CRAO)via optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and analyze their correlation w...AIM:To observe the retinal and choroidal circulations in patients with non-arteritic permanent central retinal artery occlusion(NA-CRAO)via optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and analyze their correlation with visual acuity.METHODS:Sixty-two eyes with clinically confirmed acute NA-CRAO were included in the study and divided into:A type(mild n=29),B type(moderate n=27)and C type(severe n=6)based on the degree of visual loss,retinal edema,and arterial blood flow delay in fundus fluorescence angiography(FFA).Contralateral healthy eyes were used as the control group.Best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),slit lamp microscopy,indirect ophthalmoscopy,fundus color photography,OCTA,and FFA were performed.Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to determine the correlations between retinal and choroidal vessels and visual acuity.RESULTS:There were no statistically significant differences in age,gender,and intraocular pressure among the three types and the control group(P>0.05).Vessel density in deep capillary plexus(VD-DCP)significantly decreased(P<0.05)in all three types of NA-CRAO patients compared to the control group.Vessel density in superficial vascular plexus(VD-SVP)significantly decreased(P<0.05)in type A patients and choriocapillaris flow area significantly decreased(P<0.05)in type B and type C patients compared to the control group;while outer retinal flow areas significantly increased in the type A(P<0.05)and decreased in type C patients(P<0.05).The retinal thickness significantly increased in type C group(P<0.05).The VD-SVP at fovea in the type A was significantly lower than both of type B and C.The VD-SVP at nasal parafovea in type A and B was significantly lower than type C(P<0.05).The logMAR BCVA of type A was significantly better than that of type B and C groups(P<0.05).Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that the logMAR BCVA was positively correlated with VD-SVP at fovea(r=0.679,P=0.031)and nasal parafovea(r=0.826,P=0.013).CONCLUSION:OCTA is valuable for assessing retinal ischemia,and evaluating visual impairment.Deep retinal vasculature is commonly affected in all NA-CRAO types.VDSVPs at fovea and nasal parafovea can serve as reliable markers of visual impairment in NA-CRAO.展开更多
Objective:To observe the changes of peripapillary vascular density(VD)and its correlation with retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness in patients with unilateral retinal vein occlusion(RVO)by optical coherence tomog...Objective:To observe the changes of peripapillary vascular density(VD)and its correlation with retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness in patients with unilateral retinal vein occlusion(RVO)by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).Methods:Prospective case-control study.Thirty-two patients(32 eyes)with RVO diagnosed at the Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from September 2020 to June 2021 were selected.Another 32 outpatients(32 eyes)with normal ocular examination were selected as the normal control group.Optic disc blood flow imaging was performed in all subjects using the OCTA to measure peripapillary RNFL thickness,peripapillary vessel density,optic disc area,and disc rim area.The correlation between peripapillary vascular density and RNFL,optic disc area and disc rim area in eyes with unilateral RVO was analyzed.Results:Compared with the normal control group,the prevalence of hypertension was higher in the unilateral RVO group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the overall,inferior and temporal RNFL thickness around the optic disc was thinner in patients with unilateral RVO,and the difference was statistically significant(P<005).Compared with the normal control group,the overall VD,internal ring,external ring and inferior VD around the optic disc were slightly decreased in patients with unilateral RVO,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of Pearson correlation analysis indicated that RNFL thickness was positively correlated with peripapillary global VD(r=0.648,P<0.001),RNFL thickness was positively correlated with intrapapillary ring VD(r=0.427,P=0.015),and RNFL thickness was positively correlated with peripapillary VD(r=0.666,P<0.001).Conclusion:The results showed that the RNFL thickness around the optic disc was thinner in patients with unilateral RVO,especially in the inferior and temporal area,and the full area VD around the optic disc was decreased,especially in the internal ring,external ring and inferior area.In patients with unilateral RVO,peripapillary RNFL was positively correlated with peripapillary global,internal ring and external ring VD.展开更多
Examining the retinal tissue has the potential to provide a unique method and technique to quantify Alzheimer’s disease-related changes in participants at various stages of the disease.In this metaanalysis,we aimed t...Examining the retinal tissue has the potential to provide a unique method and technique to quantify Alzheimer’s disease-related changes in participants at various stages of the disease.In this metaanalysis,we aimed to investigate the association of various optical coherence tomography parameters with Alzheimer’s disease and whether retinal measurements can be used to diffe rentiate between Alzheimer’s disease and control subjects.Scientific databases including Google Schola r,Web of Science,and PubMed were systematically searched for published articles that evaluated retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and retinal microvascular network in Alzheimer’s disease and control subjects.Seventy-three studies(5850 participants,including 2249 Alzheimer’s disease patients and 3601controls) were included in this meta-analysis.Relative to controls,Alzheimer’s disease patients had a significantly lower global retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(standardized mean difference [SMD]=-0.79,95% confidence intervals [CI]:-1.03 to-0.54,P <0.00001) as well as each quadrant being thinner in Alzheimer’s disease versus controls.Regarding macular paramete rs,values measured by optical coherence tomography were significantly lower in Alzheimer’s disease than controls for macular thickness(pooled SMD:-0.44,95% CI:-0.67 to-0.20,P=0.0003),foveal thickness(pooled SMD=-0.39,95% CI:-0.58 to-0.19,P <0.0001),ganglion cell inner plexiform layer(SMD=-1.26,95% CI:-2.24 to-0.27,P=0.01) and macular volume(pooled SMD=-0.41,95% CI-0.76 to-0.07,P=0.02).Analysis using optical coherence tomography angiography parameters revealed mixed results between Alzheimer’s disease and controls.Superficial vessel density(pooled SMD=-0.42,95% CI:-0.68 to-0.17,P=0.0001) and deep vessel density(pooled SMD=-0.46,95% CI:-0.75 to-0.18,P=0.001) were found to be thinner in Alzheimer’s disease patients whereas the foveal avascular zone(SMD=0.84,95% CI:0.17-1.51,P=0.01) was larger in controls.Vascular density and thickness of various retinal laye rs were decreased in Alzheimer’s disease patients compared to controls.Our results provide evidence for optical coherence tomography technology having the potential to detect retinal and microvascular changes in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and aid in monito ring and early diagnosis methods.展开更多
AIM:To detect retinal microvascular variations in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients.METHODS:This prospective,observational case-control study included healthy controls and patients with mild,moderate,and sever...AIM:To detect retinal microvascular variations in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients.METHODS:This prospective,observational case-control study included healthy controls and patients with mild,moderate,and severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.Vascular parameters,foveal avascular area,and flow areas in macula-centered,6.00×6.00 mm2 scan size optical coherence tomography angiography images were compared.RESULTS:The control group had the highest whole image,parafoveal,and perifoveal vessel density among the groups in both superficial and the deep capillary plexus(all P<0.05).Rapid eye movement sleep apnoea-hypopnoea index was reversely correlated with whole(Rho=-0.195,P=0.034),parafoveal(Rho=-0.242,P=0.008),perifoveal(Rho=-0.187,P=0.045)vessel density in the superficial capillary plexus,and whole(Rho=-0.186,P=0.046),parafoveal(Rho=-0.260,P=0.004),perifoveal(Rho=-0.189,P=0.043)vessel density in the deep capillary plexus,though the mean and non-rapid eye movement sleep apnoeahypopnoea index related with only parafoveal vessel density in the superficial capillary plexus(Rho=-0.213,P=0.020;Rho=-0.191,P=0.038)and the deep capillary plexus(Rho=-0.254,P=0.005;Rho=-0.194,P=0.035).CONCLUSION:This study shows decreased vessel density and its reverse correlation with the apnoea-hypopnoea index in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.展开更多
AIM:To study retinal microvascular and microstructural alterations in meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)in severely obese population using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:Twelve MGD patients with ...AIM:To study retinal microvascular and microstructural alterations in meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)in severely obese population using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:Twelve MGD patients with severely obese population(PAT group;24 eyes)and 12 healthy controls(HC group;24 eyes)were recruited.OCTA images were segmented into five[superior(S),nasal(N),inferior(I),temporal(T),and central foveal(C)]or nine[inner superior(IS),outer superior(OS),inner nasal(IN),outer nasal(ON),inner inferior(II),outer inferior(OI),inner temporal(IT),outer temporal(OT),and C]subregions.The superficial vessel density(SVD),retinal thickness(RT),foveal avascular zone(FAZ)parameters,and retinal volume were measured.RESULTS:Visual acuity was significantly different between two groups(0.8±0.17 in PAT group vs 0.2±0.06 in HC group).SVD was significantly lower in PATs in N,T,OS,IN,OT,and ON.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)for T was 0.961[95% confidence interval(CI):0.908 to 1.000],for OS was 0.962(95%CI:0.915 to 1.000).RT was significantly lower in PATs in IS,OS,OI,OT,ON,IT,IN,and II.AUC for OT was 0.935(95%CI:0.870 to 0.999),for IS was 0.915(95%CI:0.838 to 0.992).Angiography results showed significantly lower area and perimeter of FAZ,SVD of the inner retina and both retinal volume and the average volume thickness in the PAT group.CONCLUSION:Vision may be affected in patients with MGD due to changes in retinal microvessels and microstructures.These changes detected by OCTA may be a potential marker for diagnosing MGD in severe obesity.展开更多
AIM:To investigate thickness characteristics and vascular plexuses in retinas with reticular pseudodrusen(RPD)as an early detection strategy for age-related macular degeneration(AMD).METHODS:This retrospective study i...AIM:To investigate thickness characteristics and vascular plexuses in retinas with reticular pseudodrusen(RPD)as an early detection strategy for age-related macular degeneration(AMD).METHODS:This retrospective study included 24 subjects(33 eyes)with RPD and 25 heathy control subjects(34 eyes).The superficial capillary plexus(SCP)and the deep capillary plexus(DCP)of the retinal posterior poles were investigated with optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).Retinal thicknesses and vessel densities were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The general retinal thicknesses of RPD eyes were significantly decreased(95%CI-14.080,-0.655;P=0.032).The vessel densities of DCP in RPD eyes were significantly increased in the global(95%CI 1.067,7.312;P=0.027),parafoveal(95%CI 0.417,5.241;P=0.022),and perifoveal(95%CI 0.181,6.842;P=0.039)quadrants.However,the vessel densities of the SCP were rarely increased in the eyes with RPD.CONCLUSION:The thinning of retinas in the RPD group suggests a reduction in the number of cells.Additionally,the increased vessel density of the DCP in retinas with RPD indicates a greater demand for blood supply,possibly due to the hypoxia induced RPD compensation caused by RPD in the outer retina.This study highlights the pathological risks associated with RPD and emphasizes the importance of early intervention to retard the progression of AMD.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the retinochoroidal microvascular circulation and anatomical structure of diabetic and nondiabetic patients with epiretinal membrane(ERM)with the help of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCT-A)...AIM:To evaluate the retinochoroidal microvascular circulation and anatomical structure of diabetic and nondiabetic patients with epiretinal membrane(ERM)with the help of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCT-A)and compare them with healthy control subjects.METHODS:In this prospective,cross-sectional study,a total of 165 eyes were evaluated,including 50 eyes of patients with diabetic ERM,54 eyes of idiopathic ERM(iERM)patients,and 61 eyes of healthy controls.Macula and disc angiography was performed by OCT-A.Macular vessel density(VD)ratio was evaluated by dividing the VD of the foveal region by the VD of the parafoveal region.Statistical calculations were evaluated at the 95%confidence interval.RESULTS:Macula superficial VD values of ERM cases were lower than that in the control group,while foveal VD was higher in ERM cases.Macula deep VD values of ERM cases were lower in all quadrants,except the fovea.The width of the foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area was significantly lower in the ERM groups,and the FAZ width was lowest in iERM group.Macula superficial VD ratio was significantly higher in the ERM groups,but there was no significant difference between ERM groups.Macula deep VD ratio was significantly higher in the iERM group than in the control group.CONCLUSION:Diabetic and idiopathic ERMs differ in their mechanism of formation and clinical presentation,as well as their effect on retinal vascular structures.If the relationship of increase of retinal thickness with vascular integrity can be demonstrated with OCT-A,then,OCT-A can be used as a guide for ERM prognosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a new and reliable machine used to evaluate retinal structure and macular perfusion in children.The use of OCTA under bad condition such as high altitude,low...BACKGROUND Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a new and reliable machine used to evaluate retinal structure and macular perfusion in children.The use of OCTA under bad condition such as high altitude,low atmospheric oxygen,and low humidity,in children is rarely.AIM To quantify the macular micro-vasculature in healthy children of various ages using OCTA in Qamdo.METHODS Design:Prospective cross-sectional,school-based study.Three hundred and fortyseven normal students from 9 schools in 4 different areas in Qamdo were included.OCTA was performed on a 3 mm×3 mm area centered on the macular region and macular cube 512×128 showed details in macular.Early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study Vessel Flow Density(VD)of the macular central vascular plexus density(CVD),inner vascular plexus density(IVD),full vascular plexus density(FVD),and the size of the foveal avascular zone(FAZ)were measured.All these results corrected by t/s=3.382×0.01306×(axial length-1.82).The differences were compared among various ages,sexes and living environments.RESULTS The mean FAZ area in all eyes was 0.27 mm^(2)±0.12 mm^(2).The mean foveal thickness(MFT)in the macular cube was 227.64μm±23.51μm.Compared with girls,boys had a lager FAZ(P=0.0029).Among the different age groups,MFT(P<0.001)and FVD(P<0.0001),IVD(P<0.0001),and CVD(P=0.0050)increased with age.FAZ areas were not correlated with age(P=0.8853)or others(MFT,area).CONCLUSION OCTA can use to evaluate macular perfusion in children.Our data bridge the gap between structural OCT and perfusion density in children in high altitude.Even though these were not a longitudinal study,it may provide us with hints about retina development during puberty and clinical implications of OCTA in children.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate and compare the peripapillary and retinal vasculature changes in primary open angle glaucoma(POAG),pseudoexfoliation glaucoma(PXG),ocular hypertension(OHT)and normal eyes using optical coherence tomogr...AIM:To evaluate and compare the peripapillary and retinal vasculature changes in primary open angle glaucoma(POAG),pseudoexfoliation glaucoma(PXG),ocular hypertension(OHT)and normal eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:A total of 114 POAG,PXG and OHT eyes of 60 patients and 46 eyes of 23 healthy control participants with good quality OCTA images were included.The PXG,POAG,OHT,and control groups(aged 68.17±6.30 y,61.11±10.26 y,58.1±8.9 y,and 56.9±4.6 y,respectively)contained of 46,36,32,and 46 eyes,respectively.Measurements of vessel density(VD)in the peripapillary region and macula,average retinal inner thickness,and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT)were compared among groups.In order to test the accuracy of differentiation between eyes with and without glaucoma,the area was calculated under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.RESULTS:The VD in glaucomatous eyes was significantly lower than the control group in all peripapillary sectors(44.35%±6.78%vs 50.47%±1.83%,P<0.001),the superficial(44.08%±5.46%vs 51.28%±2.85%,P<0.001)and the deep(45.13%±8.55%vs 54.20%±5.44%,P<0.001)vascular plexus.There was a significant difference in peripapillary VD between glaucomatous and OHT eyes(44.35%±6.78%vs 49.86%±2.45%,P<0.001).The OHT group featured a lower superficial(48.06%±4.32%vs 51.28%±2.85%,P=0.027)and deep plexus(48.70%±5.99%vs 54.20%±5.44%,P=0.013)whole image vessel density(wiVD)than did the control group.The average macular superficial plexus wiVD was significantly lower in eyes with PXG than in eyes with POAG(42.22%±5.36%vs 46.54%±5.56%,P=0.046).CONCLUSION:OCTA can measure reduced peripapillary and macular VD in eyes with glaucoma and OHT,and these results are correlated to functional and structural glaucomatous alterations.Peripapillary and macular superficial plexus VD is lower in eyes with PXG than in eyes with POAG.Furthermore,the OHT eyes demonstrate impaired macular vasculature in both superficial and deep plexus.展开更多
AIM:To investigate changes in macular vessels and thickness in myopic eyes after intraocular collamer lens(ICL)implantation using quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:This retrospective ...AIM:To investigate changes in macular vessels and thickness in myopic eyes after intraocular collamer lens(ICL)implantation using quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:This retrospective included 73 myopic eyes of 73 patients(average age,27.53±6.16 y)who underwent ICL implantation(28 eyes were Toric ICL).Axial length(AL),uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),refractive dioptre(RD),intraocular pressure(IOP)and OCTA were measured and compared with before and 1 wk,1,and 3 mo after surgery.OCTA was used to image vessel density(VD)and skeleton density(SD)in both the superficial(SCP)and deep capillary plexus(DCP).Central retinal thickness(CRT)and ganglion cellinner plexiform layer thickness(GCT)were also measured.Changes between pre-and postoperative measurements were analysed by repeated measures analysis of variance.RESULTS:Compared with preoperative data,postoperative data on UCVA revealed significant improvements in all patients(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in IOP.After the operation,CRT and GCT exhibited significant changes(P<0.05).Among these measures,CRT was significantly higher at one and three months postoperative(all P<0.01).GCT was significantly higher at 1 wk,1,and 3 mo postoperative(all P<0.01).Changes in VD and SD were nonsignificant in both the SCP and DCP.There was no difference in postoperative changes between the ICL and Toric ICL groups.CONCLUSION:ICL and Toric ICL implantation both have good efficacy and safety for myopic eyes,but macular area changes that occur after surgery need attention.展开更多
AIM:To observe whether silicone oil(SO)tamponade could decrease macular perfusion after retinal detachment repair.METHODS:A prospective observational case-control study.Patients diagnosed with primary macular off rheg...AIM:To observe whether silicone oil(SO)tamponade could decrease macular perfusion after retinal detachment repair.METHODS:A prospective observational case-control study.Patients diagnosed with primary macular off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment undergoing successful retinal repair surgery with vitrectomy were strictly selected.Optical coherence tomography angiography findings were compared between SO and air tamponade groups.Two postoperative visiting points were set(1 and 3 mo).RESULTS:Totally 29 patients(29 eyes)were enrolled.Twenty cases had SO tamponade while 9 cases were with air tamponade.At the first visiting point,superficial parafoveal vessel density(PFSVD)significantly decreased in the SO group(P=0.0403),especially in the superior quadrant or superior-hemi area(P=0.0089,0.0426,respectively).Parafoveal deep vessel density(PFDVD)had no difference between the two groups.At the second visiting point,all quadrants of PFSVD reduced significantly in the SO group(P=0.0256,0.0001,0.0031,<0.0001 in temporal,superior,nasal,and inferior area,respectively),but PFDVD remained no different.In the air group,all areas of PFSVD showed significantly improving from the first visit to the second one(P=0.0324,0.0001,0.0371,0.0026,in temporal,superior,nasal,and inferior area,respectively);however,almost all quadrants of PFDVD showed no changes during this period.In the SO group,both PFSVD and PFDVD showed no obvious changes between the two visiting points.Besides,parafoveal full retinal thickness in the SO group reduced significantly at both visiting points over the air tamponade,while the foveal avascular zone area showed no difference in the two groups.CONCLUSION:After retinal detachment surgery with vitrectomy and SO tamponade,superficial macular perfusion and full retinal thickness could decrease obviously when compared to air tamponade.This reduction process could persist throughout the tamponade period.展开更多
基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2018A0303130306)Shantou Science and Technology Program(No.190917085269835,No.200629165261641).
文摘AIM:To assess the repeatability,interocular correlation,and agreement of quantitative swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)optic nerve head(ONH)parameters in healthy subjects.METHODS:Thir ty-three healthy subjects were enrolled.The ONH of both eyes were imaged four times by a swept-source-OCTA using a 3 mm×3 mm scanning protocol.Images of the radial peripapillary capillary were analyzed by a customized Matlab program,and the vessel density,fractal dimension,and vessel diameter index were measured.The repeatability of the four scans was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC).The most well-centered optic disc from the four repeated scans was then selected for the interocular correlation and agreement analysis using the Pearson correlation coefficient,ICC and Bland-Altman plots.RESULTS:All swept-source-OCTA ONH parameters exhibited certain repeatability,with ICC>0.760 and coefficient of variation(CoV)≤7.301%.The obvious interocular correlation was observed for papillary vessel density(ICC=0.857),vessel diameter index(ICC=0.857)and fractal dimension(ICC=0.906),while circumpapillary vessel density exhibited moderate interocular correlation(ICC=0.687).Bland-Altman plots revealed an agreement range of-5.26%to 6.21%for circumpapillary vessel density.CONCLUSION:OCTA ONH parameters demonstrate good repeatability in healthy subjects.The interocular correlations of papillary vessel density,fractal dimension and vessel diameter index are high,but the correlation for circumpapillary vessel density is moderate.
基金Supported by Xi’an Municipal Health Commission Scientific Research Project(No.2023yb22)Hospital Level Project of Xi’an Children’s Hospital(No.2021H12No.2022F08).
文摘AIM:To quantify changes in radial peripapillary capillary vessel density(ppVD)and the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL)in children with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),providing a basis for early retinopathy in children with type 1 diabetes.METHODS:This was a retrospective study.A total of 30 patients(3–14y)with type 1 diabetes without clinical diabetic retinopathy(NDR group)were included.A total of 30 age-matched healthy subjects were included as the normal control group(CON group).The HbA1c level in the last 3mo was measured once in the NDR group.The pRNFL thickness and ppVD were automatically measured,and the mean pRNFL and ppVD were calculated in the nasal,inferior,temporal,and superior quadrants.The changes in ppVD and pRNFL in the two groups were analyzed.RESULTS:Compared with CON group,the nasal and superior ppVDs decreased in the NDR group(all P<0.01).The thickness of the nasal pRNFL decreased significantly(P<0.01),while the inferior,temporal and superior pRNFLs slightly decreased but not significant in the NDR group(all P>0.05).Person and Spearman correlation analysis of ppVD and pRNFL thickness in each quadrant of the NDR group showed a positive correlation between nasal and superior(all P<0.01),while inferior and temporal had no significant correlation(all P>0.05).There was no significant correlation between the HbA1c level and ppVD and pRNFL in any quadrant(all P>0.05).There was no significant correlation between the course of diabetes mellitus and ppVD and pRNFL in any quadrant(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION:ppVD and pRNFL decrease in eyes of children with type 1 diabetes before clinically detectable retinopathy and OCTA is helpful for early monitoring.
基金Supported by the Youth National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81700800,No.81800800)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2017MH008)Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province(No.tsqn201812151)。
文摘AIM:To compare the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer(GCIPL)thickness,retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness,optic nerve head(ONH)parameters,and retinal vessel density(VD)measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(SD-OCT)and analyze the correlations between them in the early,moderate,severe primary angle-closure glaucoma(PACG)and normal eyes.METHODS:Totally 70 PACG eyes and 20 normal eyes were recruited for this retrospective analysis.PACG eyes were further separated into early,moderate,or severe PACG eyes using the Enhanced Glaucoma Staging System(GSS2).The GCIPL thickness,RNFL thickness,ONH parameters,and retinal VD were measured by SD-OCT,differences among the groups and correlations within the same group were calculated.RESULTS:The inferior and superotemporal sectors of the GCIPL thickness,rim area of ONH,average and inferior sector of the retinal VD were significantly reduced(all P<0.05)in the early PACG eyes compared to the normal and the optic disc area,cup to disc ratio(C/D),and cup volume were significantly higher(all P<0.05);but the RNFL was not significant changes in early and moderate PACG.In severe group,the GCIPL and RNFL thickness were obvious thinning with retinal VD were decreasing as well as C/D and cup volume increasing than other three groups(all P<0.01).In the early PACG subgroup,there were significant positive correlations between retinal VD and GCIPL thickness(except superonasal and inferonasal sectors,r=0.573 to 0.641,all P<0.05),superior sectors of RNFL thickness(r=0.055,P=0.049).More obvious significant positive correlations were existed in moderate PACG eyes between retinal VD and superior sectors of RNFL thickness(r=0.650,P=0.022),and temporal sectors of RNFL thickness(r=0.740,P=0.006).In the severe PACG eyes,neither GCIPL nor RNFL thickness was associated with retinal VD.CONCLUSION:The ONH damage and retinal VD loss appears earlier than RNFL thickness loss in PACG eyes.As the PACG disease progressed from the early to the moderate stage,the correlations between the retinal VD and RNFL thickness increases.
文摘AIM:To evaluate macular microvasculature changes in eyes after pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)and intraocular silicone oil(SO)tamponade for macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:Totally 19 eyes(19 patients)with maculaoff RRD who underwent PPV and intraocular SO tamponade were retrospectively reviewed.The parafoveal superficial capillary plexus(SCP)vessel density(VD),deep capillary plexus(DCP)VD,choriocapillaris plexus(CCP)VD,and foveal macular thickness were evaluated using OCTA throughout 16 wk postoperatively.The values of healthy fellow eyes were used as control.RESULTS:The parafoveal SCP,DCP,and CCP VDs were significant increased over time in RRD eyes during the 12 wk postoperatively,then decreased at 16 wk postoperatively(all P<0.01).The ratios of RRD eyes and fellow healthy eyes(r/f ratios)of the SCP and DCP VDs were lower than those of the CCP VD postoperatively(all P<0.05).There were not significant differences in the r/f ratios between SCP and DCP VDs postoperatively(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The parafoveal SCP,DCP,and CCP VDs gradually recover over time after PPV surgery with SO tamponade.Long-time SO tamponade might decrease postoperative macular VDs.Compared to parafoveal CCP VD,the parafoveal SCP and DCP VDs were more vulnerable in RRD eyes postoperatively.
基金Supported by College-level Project Fund of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital(No.ynlc201909)。
文摘·AIM:To perform a quantitative analysis of the peripapillary vessel density(VD)and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness changes in patients with early stage of diabetic retinopathy(DR).·METHODS:In this case-control study,swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(SS-OCTA)imaging was used to examine diabetic and age-matched healthy subjects.The optic disc HD 6×6 mm^(2) blood flow imaging scan mode was selected.Automatic software was used to measure the peripapillary VD,capillary vessel density(CVD),and RNLF in an optic nerve head(ONH)filed based on the Garway-Heath map.In addition,the correlation between peripapillary VD,CVD,and RNFL was further investigated.·RESULTS:The cohort consisted of 32 healthy individuals and 72 patients with diabetes(34 eyes with no DR and 38 eyes with mild-moderate NPDR).Peripapillary VD decreased in the mild-moderate NPDR group compared to the control group in most regions(P<0.05).Peripapillary CVD and RNFL thickness were significantly lower in the mild-moderate NPDR group in the superior temporal(ST)quadrants(P=0.018.P=0.030).In the correlation analysis of each region,the RNFL thickness in the NS region was positively correlated with the peripapillary VD and CVD(r=0.233,P=0.05;r=0.288.P=0.015).In the TI region,the RNFL thickness was positively correlated with the peripapillary CVD(r=0.237,P=0.047).·CONCLUSION:The measurement based on the ONH topographic map may be helpful in detecting functional and structural impairments in DR.The peripapillary VD,CVD and RNFL decrease in early DR,and the RNFL thickness altered in association with the CVD or/and VD in some regions.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No.LQ19H120001)。
文摘·AIM:To evaluate optic nerve head(ONH)vessel density(VD)changes after cataract surgery using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).·METHODS:This was a prospective observational study.Thirty-four eyes with mild/moderate cataracts were included.ONH scans were obtained before and 3mo after cataract surgery using OCTA.Radial peripapillary capillary(RPC)density,all VD,large VD and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT)in total disc,inside disc,and different peripapillary sectors were assessed and analyzed.Image quality score(QS),fundus photography grading and bestcorrected visual acuity(BCVA)were also collected,and correlation analyses were performed between VD change and these parameters.·RESULTS:Compared with baseline,both RPC and all VD increased in inside disc area 3mo postoperatively(from 47.5%±5.3%to 50.2%±3.7%,and from 57.87%±4.30%to 60.47%±3.10%,all P<0.001),but no differences were observed in peripapillary area.However,large VD increased from 5.63%±0.77%to 6.47%±0.72%in peripapillary ONH region(P<0.001).RPC decreased in inferior and superior peripapillary ONH parts(P=0.019,<0.001 respectively).There were obvious negative correlations between RPC change and large VD change in inside disc,superior-hemi,and inferior-hemi(r=-0.419,-0.370,and-0.439,P=0.017,0.044,and 0.015,respectively).No correlations were found between VD change and other parameters including QS change,fundus photography grading,postoperative BCVA,and postoperative peripapillary RNFLT.·CONCLUSION:RPC density and all VD in the inside disc ONH region increase 3mo after surgery in patients with mild to moderate cataract.No obvious VD changes are found in peripapillary area postoperatively.
文摘The present study aims to investigate the effect of temporary cerebrospinal fluid pressure(CSFP) reduction on optic nerve head(ONH) and macular vessel density(VD) using optical coherence tomography angiography.Forty-four eyes of 44 adults with diagnostic lumbar puncture and CSFP reduction were recruited.Thirty-two eyes of 32 healthy volunteers were controls.ONH and macular VD images were evaluated differences between baseline and after CSFP reduction.The results showed that the mean CSFP decreased from(11.6±2.1) mm Hg to(8.2±3.4) mm Hg(P<0.001).VD in the macular regions decreased significantly after CSFP reduction in the study group(all P<0.05).The control group showed no significant changes in macular VD(all P>0.05).In the study group,decreased VD in the macular parainferior region was associated with CSFP reduction(R^(2)=0.192,P=0.003),the reduction of macular VD in parafoveal(R^(2)=0.098,P=0.018),parainferior(R^(2)=0.104,P=0.021),parasuperior(R^(2)=0.059,P=0.058),paranasal(R^(2)=0.057,P=0.042),paratemporal(R^(2)=0.079,P=0.026) was associated with mean ocular perfusion pressure decrease following CSFP reduction.ONH vessel density did not differ after CSFP reduction(all P>0.05).In conclusion,macular vessel density decreased in association with CSFP reduction.Retinal vessel density in the macular region is more sensitive than that in peripapillary region after CSFP reduction.
文摘Background:Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a novel non-invasive angiography technology that has recently been extensively studied for its utility in anterior segment imaging.In this study,we compared a split-spectrum amplitude decorrelation angiography(SSADA)OCTA and an optical micro-angiography(OMAG SD)OCTA system to current angiographic technique,indocyanine green angiography(ICGA),to assess corneal vascularisation in an animal model.Methods:We imaged 16 rabbits,(one eye per animal)with corneal vascularisation using SSADA OCTA(AngioVue;Optovue Inc.,USA),OMAG OCTA(Angioscan;RS-3000 Nidek Co.Ltd.,Japan)and ICGA in the same region of interest of the cornea at successive time-points.We then analysed all scanned images for vessel density measurements and used paired t-tests and Bland-Altman plots to examine for significant differences.The en-face segmentation images from each of the OCTA scans were also extracted and were matched at every 50μm segmentation to be compared for vessel density at the respective depths.Results:Bland-Altman plots revealed a good agreement between all three imaging techniques(P>0.05)for all vessel density measurements computed,and the ranges of 95%limit of agreement were acceptable from a clinical perspective.No significant difference was reported,with ICGA(μ=16.52±8.94%)being more comparable to the OMAG OCTA(μ=16.23±9.51%;p=0.50)than the SSADA OCTA(μ=17.09±7.34%;p=0.33)system.Also,a good correlation value(r>0.9)was obtained when comparing the vessel density measurements of the en-face segmentations between the OCTA systems.Conclusions:Comparable vessel density quantification between the two OCTA systems,and with ICGA was obtained.Segmentation analysis of the vasculature at different depths showed varied performance in the two OCTA systems relative to each other.The implications of the study may help to aid in the development of better OCTA algorithms for the anterior segment and its use in clinical translational research.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81874494Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(7182187)+1 种基金Capital Health Development Research Project(2020-2-4182,2020-3-4184)Science and TechnologyInnovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CI2021A02604)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the association between the development of diabetic retinopathy and OCTA blood flow density.Methods:A total of 63 patients(100 eyes)diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from September 2020 to July 2021 were selected,including 44 patients(72 eyes)with diabetic retinopathy and 19 patients(28 eyes)with type 2 diabetes without retinopathy(NDR).All patients underwent OCTA examination,and FAZ,PERIM,AI,FD,SVD,DVD and other indicators were counted.Results:(1)SVD,parafoveal SVD,DVD and parafoveal DVD gradually decreased with the progression of DR(P=0.000).There was no significant difference in SVD and DVD fovea(P>0.05).(2)The correlation coefficients between SVD,SVD,DVD,DVD and DR process were-0.525,-0.586,-0.323,-0.424,respectively(P<0.05),and all showed moderate negative correlation.(3)AI and FD gradually decreased with the progression of DR,and the differences were statistically significant(P=0.011,P=0.000),while FAZ and PERIM showed no significant difference with the progression of DR(P>0.05).(4)The correlation coefficients of FAZ,PERIM and DR progression were:-0.031,0.084(P>0.05),no correlation,AI,FD and DR process correlation coefficient were 0.307,-0.459(P<0.05),respectively,were moderately positive and negative correlation;(5)The correlation coefficients of FAZ,PERIM,AI,FD and age were-0.124,-0.052,0.113,-0.170(P>0.05),respectively.Conclusion:There is a moderate correlation between the progression of DR and the superficial and deep blood flow density of OCTA.It was moderately correlated with AI and FD.OCTA can assist in the assessment of DR disease progression.
基金Supported by Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(No.TJYXZDXK-016A).
文摘AIM:To observe the retinal and choroidal circulations in patients with non-arteritic permanent central retinal artery occlusion(NA-CRAO)via optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and analyze their correlation with visual acuity.METHODS:Sixty-two eyes with clinically confirmed acute NA-CRAO were included in the study and divided into:A type(mild n=29),B type(moderate n=27)and C type(severe n=6)based on the degree of visual loss,retinal edema,and arterial blood flow delay in fundus fluorescence angiography(FFA).Contralateral healthy eyes were used as the control group.Best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),slit lamp microscopy,indirect ophthalmoscopy,fundus color photography,OCTA,and FFA were performed.Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to determine the correlations between retinal and choroidal vessels and visual acuity.RESULTS:There were no statistically significant differences in age,gender,and intraocular pressure among the three types and the control group(P>0.05).Vessel density in deep capillary plexus(VD-DCP)significantly decreased(P<0.05)in all three types of NA-CRAO patients compared to the control group.Vessel density in superficial vascular plexus(VD-SVP)significantly decreased(P<0.05)in type A patients and choriocapillaris flow area significantly decreased(P<0.05)in type B and type C patients compared to the control group;while outer retinal flow areas significantly increased in the type A(P<0.05)and decreased in type C patients(P<0.05).The retinal thickness significantly increased in type C group(P<0.05).The VD-SVP at fovea in the type A was significantly lower than both of type B and C.The VD-SVP at nasal parafovea in type A and B was significantly lower than type C(P<0.05).The logMAR BCVA of type A was significantly better than that of type B and C groups(P<0.05).Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that the logMAR BCVA was positively correlated with VD-SVP at fovea(r=0.679,P=0.031)and nasal parafovea(r=0.826,P=0.013).CONCLUSION:OCTA is valuable for assessing retinal ischemia,and evaluating visual impairment.Deep retinal vasculature is commonly affected in all NA-CRAO types.VDSVPs at fovea and nasal parafovea can serve as reliable markers of visual impairment in NA-CRAO.
文摘Objective:To observe the changes of peripapillary vascular density(VD)and its correlation with retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness in patients with unilateral retinal vein occlusion(RVO)by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).Methods:Prospective case-control study.Thirty-two patients(32 eyes)with RVO diagnosed at the Eye Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from September 2020 to June 2021 were selected.Another 32 outpatients(32 eyes)with normal ocular examination were selected as the normal control group.Optic disc blood flow imaging was performed in all subjects using the OCTA to measure peripapillary RNFL thickness,peripapillary vessel density,optic disc area,and disc rim area.The correlation between peripapillary vascular density and RNFL,optic disc area and disc rim area in eyes with unilateral RVO was analyzed.Results:Compared with the normal control group,the prevalence of hypertension was higher in the unilateral RVO group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the normal control group,the overall,inferior and temporal RNFL thickness around the optic disc was thinner in patients with unilateral RVO,and the difference was statistically significant(P<005).Compared with the normal control group,the overall VD,internal ring,external ring and inferior VD around the optic disc were slightly decreased in patients with unilateral RVO,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of Pearson correlation analysis indicated that RNFL thickness was positively correlated with peripapillary global VD(r=0.648,P<0.001),RNFL thickness was positively correlated with intrapapillary ring VD(r=0.427,P=0.015),and RNFL thickness was positively correlated with peripapillary VD(r=0.666,P<0.001).Conclusion:The results showed that the RNFL thickness around the optic disc was thinner in patients with unilateral RVO,especially in the inferior and temporal area,and the full area VD around the optic disc was decreased,especially in the internal ring,external ring and inferior area.In patients with unilateral RVO,peripapillary RNFL was positively correlated with peripapillary global,internal ring and external ring VD.
基金National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Australia (to VG)。
文摘Examining the retinal tissue has the potential to provide a unique method and technique to quantify Alzheimer’s disease-related changes in participants at various stages of the disease.In this metaanalysis,we aimed to investigate the association of various optical coherence tomography parameters with Alzheimer’s disease and whether retinal measurements can be used to diffe rentiate between Alzheimer’s disease and control subjects.Scientific databases including Google Schola r,Web of Science,and PubMed were systematically searched for published articles that evaluated retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and retinal microvascular network in Alzheimer’s disease and control subjects.Seventy-three studies(5850 participants,including 2249 Alzheimer’s disease patients and 3601controls) were included in this meta-analysis.Relative to controls,Alzheimer’s disease patients had a significantly lower global retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(standardized mean difference [SMD]=-0.79,95% confidence intervals [CI]:-1.03 to-0.54,P <0.00001) as well as each quadrant being thinner in Alzheimer’s disease versus controls.Regarding macular paramete rs,values measured by optical coherence tomography were significantly lower in Alzheimer’s disease than controls for macular thickness(pooled SMD:-0.44,95% CI:-0.67 to-0.20,P=0.0003),foveal thickness(pooled SMD=-0.39,95% CI:-0.58 to-0.19,P <0.0001),ganglion cell inner plexiform layer(SMD=-1.26,95% CI:-2.24 to-0.27,P=0.01) and macular volume(pooled SMD=-0.41,95% CI-0.76 to-0.07,P=0.02).Analysis using optical coherence tomography angiography parameters revealed mixed results between Alzheimer’s disease and controls.Superficial vessel density(pooled SMD=-0.42,95% CI:-0.68 to-0.17,P=0.0001) and deep vessel density(pooled SMD=-0.46,95% CI:-0.75 to-0.18,P=0.001) were found to be thinner in Alzheimer’s disease patients whereas the foveal avascular zone(SMD=0.84,95% CI:0.17-1.51,P=0.01) was larger in controls.Vascular density and thickness of various retinal laye rs were decreased in Alzheimer’s disease patients compared to controls.Our results provide evidence for optical coherence tomography technology having the potential to detect retinal and microvascular changes in patients diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease and aid in monito ring and early diagnosis methods.
文摘AIM:To detect retinal microvascular variations in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients.METHODS:This prospective,observational case-control study included healthy controls and patients with mild,moderate,and severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.Vascular parameters,foveal avascular area,and flow areas in macula-centered,6.00×6.00 mm2 scan size optical coherence tomography angiography images were compared.RESULTS:The control group had the highest whole image,parafoveal,and perifoveal vessel density among the groups in both superficial and the deep capillary plexus(all P<0.05).Rapid eye movement sleep apnoea-hypopnoea index was reversely correlated with whole(Rho=-0.195,P=0.034),parafoveal(Rho=-0.242,P=0.008),perifoveal(Rho=-0.187,P=0.045)vessel density in the superficial capillary plexus,and whole(Rho=-0.186,P=0.046),parafoveal(Rho=-0.260,P=0.004),perifoveal(Rho=-0.189,P=0.043)vessel density in the deep capillary plexus,though the mean and non-rapid eye movement sleep apnoeahypopnoea index related with only parafoveal vessel density in the superficial capillary plexus(Rho=-0.213,P=0.020;Rho=-0.191,P=0.038)and the deep capillary plexus(Rho=-0.254,P=0.005;Rho=-0.194,P=0.035).CONCLUSION:This study shows decreased vessel density and its reverse correlation with the apnoea-hypopnoea index in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160195)Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education(No.GJJ200169)+1 种基金Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Province Health Commission of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2020A0087)Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Health Commission(No.202130210).
文摘AIM:To study retinal microvascular and microstructural alterations in meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)in severely obese population using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:Twelve MGD patients with severely obese population(PAT group;24 eyes)and 12 healthy controls(HC group;24 eyes)were recruited.OCTA images were segmented into five[superior(S),nasal(N),inferior(I),temporal(T),and central foveal(C)]or nine[inner superior(IS),outer superior(OS),inner nasal(IN),outer nasal(ON),inner inferior(II),outer inferior(OI),inner temporal(IT),outer temporal(OT),and C]subregions.The superficial vessel density(SVD),retinal thickness(RT),foveal avascular zone(FAZ)parameters,and retinal volume were measured.RESULTS:Visual acuity was significantly different between two groups(0.8±0.17 in PAT group vs 0.2±0.06 in HC group).SVD was significantly lower in PATs in N,T,OS,IN,OT,and ON.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)for T was 0.961[95% confidence interval(CI):0.908 to 1.000],for OS was 0.962(95%CI:0.915 to 1.000).RT was significantly lower in PATs in IS,OS,OI,OT,ON,IT,IN,and II.AUC for OT was 0.935(95%CI:0.870 to 0.999),for IS was 0.915(95%CI:0.838 to 0.992).Angiography results showed significantly lower area and perimeter of FAZ,SVD of the inner retina and both retinal volume and the average volume thickness in the PAT group.CONCLUSION:Vision may be affected in patients with MGD due to changes in retinal microvessels and microstructures.These changes detected by OCTA may be a potential marker for diagnosing MGD in severe obesity.
基金Supported by the“Municipal School(College)Joint Funding(Zhongnanshan Medical Foundation of Guangdong Province)Project”of Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(No.202201020458).
文摘AIM:To investigate thickness characteristics and vascular plexuses in retinas with reticular pseudodrusen(RPD)as an early detection strategy for age-related macular degeneration(AMD).METHODS:This retrospective study included 24 subjects(33 eyes)with RPD and 25 heathy control subjects(34 eyes).The superficial capillary plexus(SCP)and the deep capillary plexus(DCP)of the retinal posterior poles were investigated with optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).Retinal thicknesses and vessel densities were analyzed statistically.RESULTS:The general retinal thicknesses of RPD eyes were significantly decreased(95%CI-14.080,-0.655;P=0.032).The vessel densities of DCP in RPD eyes were significantly increased in the global(95%CI 1.067,7.312;P=0.027),parafoveal(95%CI 0.417,5.241;P=0.022),and perifoveal(95%CI 0.181,6.842;P=0.039)quadrants.However,the vessel densities of the SCP were rarely increased in the eyes with RPD.CONCLUSION:The thinning of retinas in the RPD group suggests a reduction in the number of cells.Additionally,the increased vessel density of the DCP in retinas with RPD indicates a greater demand for blood supply,possibly due to the hypoxia induced RPD compensation caused by RPD in the outer retina.This study highlights the pathological risks associated with RPD and emphasizes the importance of early intervention to retard the progression of AMD.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the retinochoroidal microvascular circulation and anatomical structure of diabetic and nondiabetic patients with epiretinal membrane(ERM)with the help of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCT-A)and compare them with healthy control subjects.METHODS:In this prospective,cross-sectional study,a total of 165 eyes were evaluated,including 50 eyes of patients with diabetic ERM,54 eyes of idiopathic ERM(iERM)patients,and 61 eyes of healthy controls.Macula and disc angiography was performed by OCT-A.Macular vessel density(VD)ratio was evaluated by dividing the VD of the foveal region by the VD of the parafoveal region.Statistical calculations were evaluated at the 95%confidence interval.RESULTS:Macula superficial VD values of ERM cases were lower than that in the control group,while foveal VD was higher in ERM cases.Macula deep VD values of ERM cases were lower in all quadrants,except the fovea.The width of the foveal avascular zone(FAZ)area was significantly lower in the ERM groups,and the FAZ width was lowest in iERM group.Macula superficial VD ratio was significantly higher in the ERM groups,but there was no significant difference between ERM groups.Macula deep VD ratio was significantly higher in the iERM group than in the control group.CONCLUSION:Diabetic and idiopathic ERMs differ in their mechanism of formation and clinical presentation,as well as their effect on retinal vascular structures.If the relationship of increase of retinal thickness with vascular integrity can be demonstrated with OCT-A,then,OCT-A can be used as a guide for ERM prognosis.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81870650,No.81570832,and No.81300794Science and Technology Program Chongqing,China,No.2018GDRC008.
文摘BACKGROUND Optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)is a new and reliable machine used to evaluate retinal structure and macular perfusion in children.The use of OCTA under bad condition such as high altitude,low atmospheric oxygen,and low humidity,in children is rarely.AIM To quantify the macular micro-vasculature in healthy children of various ages using OCTA in Qamdo.METHODS Design:Prospective cross-sectional,school-based study.Three hundred and fortyseven normal students from 9 schools in 4 different areas in Qamdo were included.OCTA was performed on a 3 mm×3 mm area centered on the macular region and macular cube 512×128 showed details in macular.Early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study Vessel Flow Density(VD)of the macular central vascular plexus density(CVD),inner vascular plexus density(IVD),full vascular plexus density(FVD),and the size of the foveal avascular zone(FAZ)were measured.All these results corrected by t/s=3.382×0.01306×(axial length-1.82).The differences were compared among various ages,sexes and living environments.RESULTS The mean FAZ area in all eyes was 0.27 mm^(2)±0.12 mm^(2).The mean foveal thickness(MFT)in the macular cube was 227.64μm±23.51μm.Compared with girls,boys had a lager FAZ(P=0.0029).Among the different age groups,MFT(P<0.001)and FVD(P<0.0001),IVD(P<0.0001),and CVD(P=0.0050)increased with age.FAZ areas were not correlated with age(P=0.8853)or others(MFT,area).CONCLUSION OCTA can use to evaluate macular perfusion in children.Our data bridge the gap between structural OCT and perfusion density in children in high altitude.Even though these were not a longitudinal study,it may provide us with hints about retina development during puberty and clinical implications of OCTA in children.
文摘AIM:To evaluate and compare the peripapillary and retinal vasculature changes in primary open angle glaucoma(POAG),pseudoexfoliation glaucoma(PXG),ocular hypertension(OHT)and normal eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:A total of 114 POAG,PXG and OHT eyes of 60 patients and 46 eyes of 23 healthy control participants with good quality OCTA images were included.The PXG,POAG,OHT,and control groups(aged 68.17±6.30 y,61.11±10.26 y,58.1±8.9 y,and 56.9±4.6 y,respectively)contained of 46,36,32,and 46 eyes,respectively.Measurements of vessel density(VD)in the peripapillary region and macula,average retinal inner thickness,and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(RNFLT)were compared among groups.In order to test the accuracy of differentiation between eyes with and without glaucoma,the area was calculated under the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.RESULTS:The VD in glaucomatous eyes was significantly lower than the control group in all peripapillary sectors(44.35%±6.78%vs 50.47%±1.83%,P<0.001),the superficial(44.08%±5.46%vs 51.28%±2.85%,P<0.001)and the deep(45.13%±8.55%vs 54.20%±5.44%,P<0.001)vascular plexus.There was a significant difference in peripapillary VD between glaucomatous and OHT eyes(44.35%±6.78%vs 49.86%±2.45%,P<0.001).The OHT group featured a lower superficial(48.06%±4.32%vs 51.28%±2.85%,P=0.027)and deep plexus(48.70%±5.99%vs 54.20%±5.44%,P=0.013)whole image vessel density(wiVD)than did the control group.The average macular superficial plexus wiVD was significantly lower in eyes with PXG than in eyes with POAG(42.22%±5.36%vs 46.54%±5.56%,P=0.046).CONCLUSION:OCTA can measure reduced peripapillary and macular VD in eyes with glaucoma and OHT,and these results are correlated to functional and structural glaucomatous alterations.Peripapillary and macular superficial plexus VD is lower in eyes with PXG than in eyes with POAG.Furthermore,the OHT eyes demonstrate impaired macular vasculature in both superficial and deep plexus.
文摘AIM:To investigate changes in macular vessels and thickness in myopic eyes after intraocular collamer lens(ICL)implantation using quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:This retrospective included 73 myopic eyes of 73 patients(average age,27.53±6.16 y)who underwent ICL implantation(28 eyes were Toric ICL).Axial length(AL),uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA),refractive dioptre(RD),intraocular pressure(IOP)and OCTA were measured and compared with before and 1 wk,1,and 3 mo after surgery.OCTA was used to image vessel density(VD)and skeleton density(SD)in both the superficial(SCP)and deep capillary plexus(DCP).Central retinal thickness(CRT)and ganglion cellinner plexiform layer thickness(GCT)were also measured.Changes between pre-and postoperative measurements were analysed by repeated measures analysis of variance.RESULTS:Compared with preoperative data,postoperative data on UCVA revealed significant improvements in all patients(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference in IOP.After the operation,CRT and GCT exhibited significant changes(P<0.05).Among these measures,CRT was significantly higher at one and three months postoperative(all P<0.01).GCT was significantly higher at 1 wk,1,and 3 mo postoperative(all P<0.01).Changes in VD and SD were nonsignificant in both the SCP and DCP.There was no difference in postoperative changes between the ICL and Toric ICL groups.CONCLUSION:ICL and Toric ICL implantation both have good efficacy and safety for myopic eyes,but macular area changes that occur after surgery need attention.
基金Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(No.Y20180730)。
文摘AIM:To observe whether silicone oil(SO)tamponade could decrease macular perfusion after retinal detachment repair.METHODS:A prospective observational case-control study.Patients diagnosed with primary macular off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment undergoing successful retinal repair surgery with vitrectomy were strictly selected.Optical coherence tomography angiography findings were compared between SO and air tamponade groups.Two postoperative visiting points were set(1 and 3 mo).RESULTS:Totally 29 patients(29 eyes)were enrolled.Twenty cases had SO tamponade while 9 cases were with air tamponade.At the first visiting point,superficial parafoveal vessel density(PFSVD)significantly decreased in the SO group(P=0.0403),especially in the superior quadrant or superior-hemi area(P=0.0089,0.0426,respectively).Parafoveal deep vessel density(PFDVD)had no difference between the two groups.At the second visiting point,all quadrants of PFSVD reduced significantly in the SO group(P=0.0256,0.0001,0.0031,<0.0001 in temporal,superior,nasal,and inferior area,respectively),but PFDVD remained no different.In the air group,all areas of PFSVD showed significantly improving from the first visit to the second one(P=0.0324,0.0001,0.0371,0.0026,in temporal,superior,nasal,and inferior area,respectively);however,almost all quadrants of PFDVD showed no changes during this period.In the SO group,both PFSVD and PFDVD showed no obvious changes between the two visiting points.Besides,parafoveal full retinal thickness in the SO group reduced significantly at both visiting points over the air tamponade,while the foveal avascular zone area showed no difference in the two groups.CONCLUSION:After retinal detachment surgery with vitrectomy and SO tamponade,superficial macular perfusion and full retinal thickness could decrease obviously when compared to air tamponade.This reduction process could persist throughout the tamponade period.
