背景:眩晕与临床神经科疾病密切相关。当神经元受损或死亡时,可能导致前庭系统的异常,引发眩晕症状,因此有必要探讨并分析临床神经科常见的眩晕相关热点问题。目的:采用文献计量学方法分析临床神经科常见的眩晕相关国内外的研究热点。方...背景:眩晕与临床神经科疾病密切相关。当神经元受损或死亡时,可能导致前庭系统的异常,引发眩晕症状,因此有必要探讨并分析临床神经科常见的眩晕相关热点问题。目的:采用文献计量学方法分析临床神经科常见的眩晕相关国内外的研究热点。方法:由第一作者检索2014-2023年万方数据库和Web of Science核心集数据库,检索临床神经科常见的眩晕治疗的研究相关文献,采用VOSviewer_1.6.19软件对文献的发文量、国家/地区、机构、关键词、共被引文献及高被引文献进行计量学分析,剖析总结该研究领域的研究热点。结果与结论:(1)Web of Science核心集数据库2022年该领域文献发文量174篇最高,万方数据库2020年该领域文献发文量最高133篇;发文量最高的国家前3位分别是美国、德国、中国;国际机构中发文量最高的是德国慕尼黑大学,中国机构中发文量最高的是成都中医药大学。(2)关键词分析结果显示,中国该领域的研究热点疾病主要为梅尼埃病、颈性眩晕、老年性眩晕、良性阵发性位置性眩晕、孤立性眩晕和高血压眩晕,治疗方法包括针刺、康复、药物(天麻素、半夏白术天麻汤)和手法复位。国际上该领域的研究热点疾病主要包括良性阵发性位置性眩晕、新冠病毒病例的前庭性疾病、梅尼埃病、前庭神经鞘瘤、听神经瘤和前庭性偏头痛等,热点治疗方法为传统抗眩晕药物、抗抑郁、抗焦虑治疗和显微手术等。(3)文献共被引分析结果显示,对于以持续性眩晕为主要症状的急性前庭综合征而言,三步骤床边眼动检查(HINTS:头部-冲击-眼球震颤-斜视测试)在急性前庭综合征患者合并脑卒中的诊断方面比早期MRI更敏感,此观点是最被同行认可的前庭综合征脑卒中检测方法;对以阵发性眩晕为主要症状的前庭神经炎患者而言,使用激素治疗更有效。(4)高被引文献分析结果显示,在万方数据库中近10年热点文献中,针刺风池穴、“小醒脑开窍”针刺法改善后循环缺血性眩晕均取得了一定成效,近3年文献发现银杏叶提取物+天麻素、针刺+半夏白术汤、倍他司汀+天麻素、前庭康复训练+Epley耳石复位法,都可以不同程度地改善眩晕症状。而近10年Web of Science核心集数据中的文献并无特色性抗眩晕药物受到关注,大部分以传统抗眩晕药物和显微手术为主,但近3年国际文献中有少数病例报告发现COVID-19感染后可能导致前庭神经炎并出现眩晕症状。(5)眩晕的发生和发展可能与神经元的损伤和再生密切相关,例如,病毒感染、炎症刺激或其他病理因素可能导致神经元损伤或死亡,从而影响前庭系统的功能。目前国内外都发布了眩晕相关的诊治规范指南,国际指南较为推荐前庭康复和物理康复联合治疗眩晕症状,中国指南较为推荐中西医药物、复位及针刺联合治疗,但研究证据级别并不高,因此未来还需要大量的大样本、多中心关于抗眩晕治疗的随机对照试验来验证。展开更多
对高速动车组端墙异常振动噪声进行了测试和数据分析,掌握了故障信号特征。通过对风挡区域气动噪声的仿真和线路试验数据的分析,研究异常振动噪声的来源和传播途径,分析故障产生机理,并分别从降低声源的风挡结构优化和传递路径控制的粒...对高速动车组端墙异常振动噪声进行了测试和数据分析,掌握了故障信号特征。通过对风挡区域气动噪声的仿真和线路试验数据的分析,研究异常振动噪声的来源和传播途径,分析故障产生机理,并分别从降低声源的风挡结构优化和传递路径控制的粒子阻尼减振两方面提出了解决方案。线路试验结果表明,两种方案均对端墙异常振动噪声有较好的抑制作用,高速动车组在350 km/h运行时,风挡安装扰流板后,40 Hz频带噪声级降低5 d B(A),总噪声级降低3.5 d B(A);端墙安装粒子阻尼器后,40 Hz频带噪声级降低4.3 d B(A),总噪声级降低2.4 d B(A),铝合金端墙减振率达43.1%。展开更多
BACKGROUND Hemangioma is a vascular benign tumour of endothelial origin.It appears commonly in the first decade of life with increases incidence in females.Hemangioma is not common to happen in the oral cavity and it ...BACKGROUND Hemangioma is a vascular benign tumour of endothelial origin.It appears commonly in the first decade of life with increases incidence in females.Hemangioma is not common to happen in the oral cavity and it is extremely rare to appear in the labial vestibule.CASE SUMMARY We present a case of an 11-year-old girl who complained of a painful,slowly growing mass which was consistent with the capillary hemangioma in the left mandibular vestibule.Vascular tumor such as hemangioma in the mandibular vestibule is extremely rare;hence,the clinical definitive diagnosis is very challenging.Therefore,radiographic imaging and histopathologic analysis are crucial to reach to the final diagnosis for proper management.CONCLUSION Comprehensive clinical evaluation,proper diagnostic imaging and microscopic analysis of the mass establish a precise diagnosis of the hemangioma for better management.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the electrophysiological effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on left ventricular outflow tract autonomic cells in guinea pigs and its mechanism.Methods:Intracellular microelectrode recording tec...Objective:To investigate the electrophysiological effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on left ventricular outflow tract autonomic cells in guinea pigs and its mechanism.Methods:Intracellular microelectrode recording technique was used to observe the electrophysiological effects of different concentrations of hydrogen sulfide on the autonomic cells of left ventricular outflow tract.Results: CSE irreversible inhibitor PPG (200 μmol/L) makes the left ventricular outflow tract of autorhythmic cells Vmax, RPF and VDD accelerate, APA increase (P<0.05);CBS synthase inhibitor AOAA (100μmol/L) acts on the autorhythmic cells of the left ventricular outflow tract without effect. The concentration-dependency of the 50, 100 and 200μmol/L NaHS made RPF and VDD of autorhythmic cell of the left ventricular outflow tract decrease with increasing concentration of NaHS, Vmax and APA decrease (P<0.01). The ATP sensitive potassium channel (KATP) blocker glybenclamide (Gli, 20 μmol/L) partially blocked the electrophysiological effects of NaHS (P<0.05). The L-Ca2+ channel agonist Bay K8644 could partially block the electrophysiological effects of NaHS.Conclusion:The autorhythmic cells of the left ventricular outflow tract had endogenous H2S produced by CSE. H2S had a negative chronotropic effect on autorhythmic cells in the left ventricular outflow tract, and its mechanism was related to the inhibition of L-Ca2+ channels by the open KATP pathway.展开更多
目的探讨梅尼埃病(meniere's disease,MD)患者内淋巴积水(endolymphatic hydrops,EH)程度与临床特征的相关性。方法研究对象为2020年12月—2022年3月就诊北京清华长庚医院的31例MD患者,所有患者均行纯音测听(pure tone audiometry,P...目的探讨梅尼埃病(meniere's disease,MD)患者内淋巴积水(endolymphatic hydrops,EH)程度与临床特征的相关性。方法研究对象为2020年12月—2022年3月就诊北京清华长庚医院的31例MD患者,所有患者均行纯音测听(pure tone audiometry,PTA)、耳蜗电图(electrocochleogram,ECochG)、耳鸣分级、眩晕残障程度评定量表(dizziness handicap inventory,DHI)评分及内耳钆造影MRI扫描。据内耳MRI显像,采用目测4分法,以3D FLAIR序列评估前庭积水程度,以3D real IR序列评估耳蜗积水程度,采用Spearman秩相关检验和Fisher精确检验分析EH程度与患者临床特征的相关性。结果不同EH程度患者的性别、年龄、侧别及病程比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Spearman相关性分析显示,耳蜗积水程度与耳鸣分级、低频听阈、平均听阈及疾病分期呈正相关(r_(s)=0.517、0.438、0.439、0.378,P<0.05),与ECochG无明显相关性(P>0.05);前庭积水程度与发作频率呈正相关(r_(s)=0.361,P<0.05),与DHI及其躯体、情绪、功能方面评分无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论应用内耳钆造影不同MRI序列评估EH程度发现与MD患者听力、疾病分期、眩晕发作频率及耳鸣分级有相关性,可用于临床诊断MD、评估患者EH程度。展开更多
文摘背景:眩晕与临床神经科疾病密切相关。当神经元受损或死亡时,可能导致前庭系统的异常,引发眩晕症状,因此有必要探讨并分析临床神经科常见的眩晕相关热点问题。目的:采用文献计量学方法分析临床神经科常见的眩晕相关国内外的研究热点。方法:由第一作者检索2014-2023年万方数据库和Web of Science核心集数据库,检索临床神经科常见的眩晕治疗的研究相关文献,采用VOSviewer_1.6.19软件对文献的发文量、国家/地区、机构、关键词、共被引文献及高被引文献进行计量学分析,剖析总结该研究领域的研究热点。结果与结论:(1)Web of Science核心集数据库2022年该领域文献发文量174篇最高,万方数据库2020年该领域文献发文量最高133篇;发文量最高的国家前3位分别是美国、德国、中国;国际机构中发文量最高的是德国慕尼黑大学,中国机构中发文量最高的是成都中医药大学。(2)关键词分析结果显示,中国该领域的研究热点疾病主要为梅尼埃病、颈性眩晕、老年性眩晕、良性阵发性位置性眩晕、孤立性眩晕和高血压眩晕,治疗方法包括针刺、康复、药物(天麻素、半夏白术天麻汤)和手法复位。国际上该领域的研究热点疾病主要包括良性阵发性位置性眩晕、新冠病毒病例的前庭性疾病、梅尼埃病、前庭神经鞘瘤、听神经瘤和前庭性偏头痛等,热点治疗方法为传统抗眩晕药物、抗抑郁、抗焦虑治疗和显微手术等。(3)文献共被引分析结果显示,对于以持续性眩晕为主要症状的急性前庭综合征而言,三步骤床边眼动检查(HINTS:头部-冲击-眼球震颤-斜视测试)在急性前庭综合征患者合并脑卒中的诊断方面比早期MRI更敏感,此观点是最被同行认可的前庭综合征脑卒中检测方法;对以阵发性眩晕为主要症状的前庭神经炎患者而言,使用激素治疗更有效。(4)高被引文献分析结果显示,在万方数据库中近10年热点文献中,针刺风池穴、“小醒脑开窍”针刺法改善后循环缺血性眩晕均取得了一定成效,近3年文献发现银杏叶提取物+天麻素、针刺+半夏白术汤、倍他司汀+天麻素、前庭康复训练+Epley耳石复位法,都可以不同程度地改善眩晕症状。而近10年Web of Science核心集数据中的文献并无特色性抗眩晕药物受到关注,大部分以传统抗眩晕药物和显微手术为主,但近3年国际文献中有少数病例报告发现COVID-19感染后可能导致前庭神经炎并出现眩晕症状。(5)眩晕的发生和发展可能与神经元的损伤和再生密切相关,例如,病毒感染、炎症刺激或其他病理因素可能导致神经元损伤或死亡,从而影响前庭系统的功能。目前国内外都发布了眩晕相关的诊治规范指南,国际指南较为推荐前庭康复和物理康复联合治疗眩晕症状,中国指南较为推荐中西医药物、复位及针刺联合治疗,但研究证据级别并不高,因此未来还需要大量的大样本、多中心关于抗眩晕治疗的随机对照试验来验证。
文摘对高速动车组端墙异常振动噪声进行了测试和数据分析,掌握了故障信号特征。通过对风挡区域气动噪声的仿真和线路试验数据的分析,研究异常振动噪声的来源和传播途径,分析故障产生机理,并分别从降低声源的风挡结构优化和传递路径控制的粒子阻尼减振两方面提出了解决方案。线路试验结果表明,两种方案均对端墙异常振动噪声有较好的抑制作用,高速动车组在350 km/h运行时,风挡安装扰流板后,40 Hz频带噪声级降低5 d B(A),总噪声级降低3.5 d B(A);端墙安装粒子阻尼器后,40 Hz频带噪声级降低4.3 d B(A),总噪声级降低2.4 d B(A),铝合金端墙减振率达43.1%。
基金Supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Through the Fast-Track Research Funding Program.
文摘BACKGROUND Hemangioma is a vascular benign tumour of endothelial origin.It appears commonly in the first decade of life with increases incidence in females.Hemangioma is not common to happen in the oral cavity and it is extremely rare to appear in the labial vestibule.CASE SUMMARY We present a case of an 11-year-old girl who complained of a painful,slowly growing mass which was consistent with the capillary hemangioma in the left mandibular vestibule.Vascular tumor such as hemangioma in the mandibular vestibule is extremely rare;hence,the clinical definitive diagnosis is very challenging.Therefore,radiographic imaging and histopathologic analysis are crucial to reach to the final diagnosis for proper management.CONCLUSION Comprehensive clinical evaluation,proper diagnostic imaging and microscopic analysis of the mass establish a precise diagnosis of the hemangioma for better management.
文摘Objective:To investigate the electrophysiological effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on left ventricular outflow tract autonomic cells in guinea pigs and its mechanism.Methods:Intracellular microelectrode recording technique was used to observe the electrophysiological effects of different concentrations of hydrogen sulfide on the autonomic cells of left ventricular outflow tract.Results: CSE irreversible inhibitor PPG (200 μmol/L) makes the left ventricular outflow tract of autorhythmic cells Vmax, RPF and VDD accelerate, APA increase (P<0.05);CBS synthase inhibitor AOAA (100μmol/L) acts on the autorhythmic cells of the left ventricular outflow tract without effect. The concentration-dependency of the 50, 100 and 200μmol/L NaHS made RPF and VDD of autorhythmic cell of the left ventricular outflow tract decrease with increasing concentration of NaHS, Vmax and APA decrease (P<0.01). The ATP sensitive potassium channel (KATP) blocker glybenclamide (Gli, 20 μmol/L) partially blocked the electrophysiological effects of NaHS (P<0.05). The L-Ca2+ channel agonist Bay K8644 could partially block the electrophysiological effects of NaHS.Conclusion:The autorhythmic cells of the left ventricular outflow tract had endogenous H2S produced by CSE. H2S had a negative chronotropic effect on autorhythmic cells in the left ventricular outflow tract, and its mechanism was related to the inhibition of L-Ca2+ channels by the open KATP pathway.
文摘目的探讨梅尼埃病(meniere's disease,MD)患者内淋巴积水(endolymphatic hydrops,EH)程度与临床特征的相关性。方法研究对象为2020年12月—2022年3月就诊北京清华长庚医院的31例MD患者,所有患者均行纯音测听(pure tone audiometry,PTA)、耳蜗电图(electrocochleogram,ECochG)、耳鸣分级、眩晕残障程度评定量表(dizziness handicap inventory,DHI)评分及内耳钆造影MRI扫描。据内耳MRI显像,采用目测4分法,以3D FLAIR序列评估前庭积水程度,以3D real IR序列评估耳蜗积水程度,采用Spearman秩相关检验和Fisher精确检验分析EH程度与患者临床特征的相关性。结果不同EH程度患者的性别、年龄、侧别及病程比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Spearman相关性分析显示,耳蜗积水程度与耳鸣分级、低频听阈、平均听阈及疾病分期呈正相关(r_(s)=0.517、0.438、0.439、0.378,P<0.05),与ECochG无明显相关性(P>0.05);前庭积水程度与发作频率呈正相关(r_(s)=0.361,P<0.05),与DHI及其躯体、情绪、功能方面评分无明显相关性(P>0.05)。结论应用内耳钆造影不同MRI序列评估EH程度发现与MD患者听力、疾病分期、眩晕发作频率及耳鸣分级有相关性,可用于临床诊断MD、评估患者EH程度。
