Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)is a chronic derivative joint issue that mainly damages the artistic cartilage and leads to pain,swelling,and stiffness around the joint,which is commomly worldwide.With the aging of society an...Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)is a chronic derivative joint issue that mainly damages the artistic cartilage and leads to pain,swelling,and stiffness around the joint,which is commomly worldwide.With the aging of society and the increment in obesity rate,the incidence of KOA increases sharply,which seriously effects the quality of human life.Before,how to take effective treatment methods is very important.Severe ways to treat the disease include non-steroidal drugs,local injections,surgery,and cell and gene therapies.However,each therapy has certain defections,such as gastrotestinal tract irritation,cardiovascular safety,or high medical costs for patients.Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history in treating KOA,reported by acupuncture,massage,internal administration of traditional Chinese medicine,and external use of traditional Chinese medicine.In clinical practice,patients can be treated from the root agreement to different etiology,and patients can be treated agreement to different syndrome types by syndrome difference to achieve effect.Studies have shown that warm acupuncture is effect in treating KOA.It has two kinds of treatment methods:acupuncture and moxibustion at the same time.It has fewer side effects and is more acceptable to patients.However,there are still some problems in the basic research and clinical application of warm acupuncture and moxibustion in treating KOA.This paper discussed the existing problems from the followingfive aspects:lack of unified synthesis difference and treatment system,problems in clinical research,weak basic research,problems in the study of moxibustion,and lack of the best treatment program recognized by the academic community.Meanwhile,the selection of acupoints,the relationship between acupuncture depth and anatomy should be further studied in order to offer research ideas for the healthy development of the treatment of KOA with warming acupuncture and moxibustion in the future.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effect of Chinese massage combined with warm acupuncture on knee osteoarthritis.Methods:60 patients with knee osteoarthritis who were treated in our hospital from January 2017 to October 2...Objective:To investigate the effect of Chinese massage combined with warm acupuncture on knee osteoarthritis.Methods:60 patients with knee osteoarthritis who were treated in our hospital from January 2017 to October 2019 were selected as the research subjects,and they were randomly divided into 2 groups of 30 patients each.The control group was treated with oral western medicine,and the observation group was treated with massage combined with warm acupuncture.The clinical efficacy and WOMAC index were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the WOMAC score was lower than that of the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Chinese massage combined with warm acupuncture is effective in treating knee osteoarthritis It can effectively alleviate the symptoms of pain and joint stiffness in patients,and improve joint mobility,which is worth for clinical promotion.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the clinical efficacy of warm acupuncture and moxibustion combined with manipulation in the treatment of periarthritis of shoulder. Methods: In this study, 120 patients with periarthritis of shou...Objective: To analyze the clinical efficacy of warm acupuncture and moxibustion combined with manipulation in the treatment of periarthritis of shoulder. Methods: In this study, 120 patients with periarthritis of shoulder who were admitted to the department of orthopedics of the second affiliated hospital of Heilongjiang university of traditional Chinese medicine from June 2018 to June 2019 were selected, and the patients were divided into warm acupuncture group, massage group, combined treatment group and control group with a random number table, with 30 patients in each group. Warm acupuncture and moxibustion group received 4 weeks of warm acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, massage group received 4 weeks of massage treatment, patients in the combined treatment group received 4 weeks of warm acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, patients in the control group received 4 weeks of ultrashort wave combined plaster treatment. The use of ibuprofen, VAS score, Melle score, TCM syndrome score and serum inflammatory factors before and after treatment were analyzed and compared in each group of patients to evaluate the clinical efficacy. Results:shoulder joint pain and activity limitation were significantly improved in each group, VAS score, Melle score, TCM syndrome score and serum inflammatory factor levels were significantly decreased compared with before treatment (P < 0.05), and the improvement in the combined treatment group was significantly better than that in other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Warm acupuncture combined with manipulation can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of periarthritis of shoulder, improve the mobility of shoulder joint, and inhibit the internal inflammatory response, which is significantly better than using warm acupuncture or manipulation alone and conventional physical therapy.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Varying degrees of inflammatory responses occur during lumbar nerve root compression.Studies have shown that nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) are involved in secondary di...BACKGROUND:Varying degrees of inflammatory responses occur during lumbar nerve root compression.Studies have shown that nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) are involved in secondary disc inflammation. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of warm acupuncture on the ultrastructure of inflammatory mediators in a rat model of lumbar nerve root compression,including NOS and CGRP contents. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Randomized,controlled study,with molecular biological analysis, was performed at the Experimental Center,Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University,between September 2006 and April 2007. MATERIALS:Acupuncture needles and refined Moxa grains were purchased from Shanghai Taicheng Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,China;Mobic tablets were purchased from Shanghai Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Co.,Ltd.,China;enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for NOS and CGRP were purchased from ADL Biotechnology,Inc.,USA. METHODS:A total of 50,healthy,adult Sprague-Dawley rats,were randomly divided into five groups normal,model,warm acupuncture,acupuncture,and drug,with 10 rats in each group.Rats in the four groups,excluding the normal group,were used to establish models of lumbar nerve root compression.After 3 days,Jiaji points were set using reinforcing-reducing manipulation in the warm acupuncture group.Moxa grains were burned on each needle,with 2 grains each daily.The acupuncture group was the same as the warm acupuncture group,with the exception of non-moxibustion.Mobic suspension(3.75 mg/kg) was used in the oral drug group,once a day. Treatment of each group lasted for 14 consecutive days.Modeling and medication were not performed in the normal group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The ultrastructure of damaged nerve roots was observed with transmission electron microscopy;NOS and CGRP contents were measured using ELISA. RESULTS:The changes of the radicular ultramicrostructure were characterized by Wallerian degeneration;nerve fibers were clearly demyelinated;axons collapsed or degenerated;outer Schwann cell cytoplasm was swollen and its nucleus was compacted.Compared with the normal group,NOS and CGRP contents in the nerve root compression zone in the model group were significantly increased(P<0.01).Nerve root edema was improved in the drug,acupuncture and the warm acupuncture groups over the model group.NOS and CGRP expressions were also decreased with the warm acupuncture group having the lowest concentration(P<0.01). CONCLUSION:In comparison to the known effects of Mobic drug and acupuncture treatments,the warm acupuncture significantly decreased NOS and CGRP expression which helped improve the ultrastructure of the comoressed nerve root.展开更多
Clinical observation on 434 cases of rheumatoid arthritis shows that the warmingneedle method is markedly effective for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It also helps to reveal the mecha-nism and function of acupuncture and...Clinical observation on 434 cases of rheumatoid arthritis shows that the warmingneedle method is markedly effective for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It also helps to reveal the mecha-nism and function of acupuncture and moxibustion (AM) in curing diseases. Laboratory observationconfirms that the warming needle method can modulate the body’s immunity function significantly. Inthe future, more attention should be paid to point selection and manipulation method so that the bestresult can be obtained.展开更多
Objective: To study the tr eatment of postope rative gast ropa resis in pa ti ents with gast ric cancer. Methods: 18 patients with gast ropa resis afte r gast ric cance r sur gery were divided into two gr oups, includ...Objective: To study the tr eatment of postope rative gast ropa resis in pa ti ents with gast ric cancer. Methods: 18 patients with gast ropa resis afte r gast ric cance r sur gery were divided into two gr oups, including 10 pa ti ents in the obse rva tion group and 8 pati ents in the cont rol group. The observation group was treated with traditional Chinese medicine combined with warm acupuncture and moxibustion, and the control group was treated with western medicine. Results: After 7 days tr eatment, the re was significant diffe rence in cure r ate and total effective rate between the two groups (P < 0.01), and the treatment group was obviously superior to the control group. Conclusion: Traditional Chinese medicine combined with warm acupuncture is effective in the treatment of postoperative gastroparesis of gastric cancer.展开更多
Objective: To observe the effects of warm acupuncture on “Dinghui Acupoint” and “Heart Acupoint” in Traditional Mongolian Medicine on behavior and hypothalamic inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-r in Rats...Objective: To observe the effects of warm acupuncture on “Dinghui Acupoint” and “Heart Acupoint” in Traditional Mongolian Medicine on behavior and hypothalamic inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-r in Rats with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, warm acupuncture group and moxibustion positive control group. The latter three groups of rats were used to establish a model of rats with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) using a combination of physical fatigue and mental fatigue. When establishing the model of warm acupuncture group,“Dinghui Acupoint” and “Heart Acupoint” intervention was carried out;when establishing the model of moxibustion positive control group,“Zusanli Acupoint” intervention was carried out on both sides. Behavioral observations (body weight, exhaustive swimming time, tail suspension experiment, water maze) were performed before and after modeling. The hypothalamic inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-r were detected by ELISA method after warm acupuncture and moxibustion intervention. Results: After 21 days of modeling, the body weight of the rats in each group was significantly lower than that in the normal group, and there was a significant difference (P<0.01);Compared with the model group, the weight of the rats in the warm acupuncture group increased significantly, and there was a significant difference (P<0.01);Compared with the model group, the exhaustive swimming time of the rats in the warm acupuncture group was significantly prolonged, and there was a significant difference (P<0.01);Compared with the moxibustion group, the exhaustion time of the rats in the warm acupuncture group was relatively prolonged, and there was a significant difference (P<0.05);Compared with the normal group, the tail suspension time of the model group was significantly prolonged, and there was a significant difference (P<0.05);Compared with the model group, there was a significant difference in the duration of the suspension of the warm acupuncture group and the moxibustion group (P<0.01);Compared with the normal group, the total distance of the water maze test was shorter in the model group, and there was a significant difference (P<0.01);Compared with the model group, both the warm acupuncture group and the moxibustion group were prolonged, and there was a significant difference (P<0.05);Compared with the moxibustion group, the distance between the rats in the warm acupuncture group was relatively longer, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05);Compared with the normal group, IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-r increased significantly in the model group and there was a significant difference (P<0.05);Compared with the model group, IL- 1β and IL-6 in the warm acupuncture group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the IL-6 in the moxibustion group was significantly different (P<0.05);Compared with the model group, there was no significant difference between the IFN-r group and the moxibustion group (P>0.05);Compared with the moxibustion group, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-r were not significantly different (P>0.05). Conclusion: Warm acupuncture on “Dinghui Acupoint” and “Heart Acupoint” in Traditional Mongolian Medicine has the ability to improve the body’s defense and self-healing ability, improve chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and thus play a preventive role. The results of this research indicate that the warm acupuncture group and the moxibustion group have the same effect.展开更多
Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)combined with warm acupuncture in treating breast cancer associated with upper limb lymphedema(BCRL).Methods This was a...Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)combined with warm acupuncture in treating breast cancer associated with upper limb lymphedema(BCRL).Methods This was a retrospective cohort study using a paired control design.Fifty-two BCRL patients were assigned to the control group(27 cases)and the treatment group(25 cases).The patients in the control group were treated with lymphedema comprehensive detumescence treatment(CDT)for 4 weeks,including systematic therapy composed of manual lymphatic drainage,compression bandage,skincare,and functional exercise.The patients in the treatment group were treated with TEAS combined with warm acupuncture based on the control group methods.Each treatment lasted for 30 min and was applied twice a week for 4 weeks.The arm circumference(AC)of different positions of the affected limb and the degree of swelling of the affected limb were evaluated before the first treatment and after the last treatment.The clinical efficacy was evaluated according to the degree of edema before and after treatment.All adverse events during treatment were recorded.Results The patients’AC and the swelling feeling of the affected limb in the treatment group and the control group were both reduced compared with those before treatment.Compared with the control group,AC of the wrist joint transverse stria,the midpoint between the wrist joint transverse stria and the elbow joint transverse stria in the treatment group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).The decrease in AC diameter at the midpoint between the elbow joint transverse stria and the axillary transverse stria was the most significant(P<0.01).The swelling degree of the affected limbs in the treatment group was significantly lower than before treatment,and was significantly lower compared with the control group after treatment(P<0.01).The total effective rate was 72%in the treatment group,significantly higher than that in the control group(55.56%,P<0.05).No serious adverse events occured in either group.Conclusions TEAS combined with warm acupuncture can effectively reduce AC and swelling feeling of the affected limb in patients with BCRL.The effect is better than that of CDT therapy alone.展开更多
[Objectives]To evaluate the efficacy of warm needling acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation(LDH)by Meta-analysis.[Methods]Randomized controlled trial of warm needling acupuncture in the treatment of l...[Objectives]To evaluate the efficacy of warm needling acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation(LDH)by Meta-analysis.[Methods]Randomized controlled trial of warm needling acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation published from January 2000 to December 2021 was searched by Cochrane Library,PubMed,VIP,CNKI and Wanfang.After the quality evaluation of the literature,the Meta-analysis of the literature was carried out by using Review Manager 5.3.[Results]A total of 10 studies were included,involving a total of 980 patients.The results of Meta-analysis showed that warm needling acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation could improve the total clinical effective rate,OR=5.38,95%CI(3.40,8.49),P<0.00001;decrease the VAS score,MD=-3.33,95%CI[-4.53,-2.12],z=5.42(P<0.00001);increase the JOA score,MD=-5.63,95%CI[-8.12,-3.14];improve the dysfunction,MD=-5.63,95%CI[-8.12,-3.14],z=4.43(P<0.00001);decrease inflammatory factors,MD=-11.09,95%CI[-13.60,-8.58],z=8.65(P<0.00001).And the recurrence rate was low,OR=0.33,95%CI[0.15,0.70],z=2.86(P=0.004).[Conclusions]Warm needling acupuncture could effectively treat lumbar disc herniation and relieve pain symptoms.However,due to the general poorness of literature quality and the low quality of evidence,high-quality randomized controlled trials are still needed.展开更多
[Objectives]To observe the clinical efficacy of warm needling acupuncture of Mongolian medicine in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation(LDH).[Methods]120 patients with lumbar disc herniation hospitalized in Inner M...[Objectives]To observe the clinical efficacy of warm needling acupuncture of Mongolian medicine in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation(LDH).[Methods]120 patients with lumbar disc herniation hospitalized in Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Hospital from June 2019 to June 2022 were randomly divided into observation group(n=60)and control group(n=60).The observation group was treated with warm needling acupuncture of Mongolian medicine,and the control group was treated with common acupuncture of Mongolian medicine,with two weeks as a course of treatment.The pain visual analogue scale(VAS)and Japanese orthopaedic association(JOA)score were observed before and after treatment,and the clinical efficacy was evaluated by the changes of clinical symptoms and signs of Mongolian medicine.[Results]The cure rate of the observation group was 71.7%,which was better than that of the control group(53.3%).The difference in the cure rate between the two groups was statistically significant,X 2=4.302,P=0.038.The total markedly effective rate(cured+markedly effective)of the observation group was 90.0%,while that of the control group was 83.3%.There was no significant difference in the total markedly effective rate between the two groups,X 2=1.154,P=0.283.The total effective rate(cured+markedly effective+effective)of the observation group was 100%,while that of the control group was 95.0%.There was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups,and the continuous corrected chi-square value was 1.368 and 0.242.After treatment,the degree of low back pain,lower limb pain and dyskinesia were significantly improved in the two groups,the observation group was better than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).[Conclusions]The warm needling acupuncture of Mongolian medicine was effective in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation,which is worth popularizing.展开更多
Understanding temperature variability especially elevation dependent warming(EDW)in high-elevation mountain regions is critical for assessing the impacts of climate change on water resources including glacier melt,deg...Understanding temperature variability especially elevation dependent warming(EDW)in high-elevation mountain regions is critical for assessing the impacts of climate change on water resources including glacier melt,degradation of soils,and active layer thickness.EDW means that temperature is warming faster with the increase of altitude.In this study,we used observed temperature data during 1979-2017 from 23 meteorological stations in the Qilian Mountains(QLM)to analyze temperature trend with Mann-Kendall(MK)test and Sen’s slope approach.Results showed that the warming trends for the annual temperature followed the order of T_min>T_mean>T_max and with a shift both occurred in 1997.Spring and summer temperature have a higher increasing trend than that in autumn and winter.T_mean shifts occurred in 1996 for spring and summer,in 1997 for autumn and winter.T_max shifts occurred in 1997 for spring and 1996 for summer.T_min shifts occurred in 1997 for spring,summer and winter as well as in 1999 for autumn.Annual mean diurnal temperature range(DTR)shows a significant decreasing trend(-0.18°C/10a)from 1979 to 2017.Summer mean DTR shows a significant decreasing trend(-0.26°C/10a)from 1979 to 2017 with a shift occurred in 2010.After removing longitude and latitude factors,we can learn that the warming enhancement rate of average annual temperature is 0.0673°C/km/10a,indicating that the temperature warming trend is accelerating with the continuous increase of altitude.The increase rate of elevation temperature is 0.0371°C/km/10a in spring,0.0457°C/km/10a in summer,0.0707°C/km/10a in autumn,and 0.0606°C/km/10a in winter,which indicates that there is a clear EDW in the QLM.The main causes of warming in the Qilian Mountains are human activities,cloudiness,ice-snow feedback and El Nino phenomenon.展开更多
Background:To investigate the effects of acupuncture on post-stroke limb spasm model rats and the underlying mechanism.Methods:A total of 50 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups,Control group(10...Background:To investigate the effects of acupuncture on post-stroke limb spasm model rats and the underlying mechanism.Methods:A total of 50 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups,Control group(10),Model group(20)and Zhishen Tiaoxing(ZSTX)acupuncture group(20).Middle cerebral artery occlusion was conducted in SD rats to establish post-stroke limb spasm rats,which were treated with ZSTX acupuncture.Behavioral assays were determined by the Narrow ally test,the limb muscle tension was detected by the BL-420S test system,and infarct volume was assessed after the cerebral infarction by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.Heterogeneous neurotransmitterγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)and its receptors GABAA and GABAB in the cerebral cortex of the infarct area were determined by immunofluorescence assay.The release of Trkb and K-Cl cotransporter isoform 2 was detected by an immunofluorescence double labeling study.Western Blot was utilized to measure the expression of BDNF and Trkb.Results:The results showed that the behavioral assays in post-stroke limb spasm rats were significantly improved by the treatment of ZSTX acupuncture.14 days of ZSTX acupuncture can effectively inhibit muscle tone and decrease Infarct volume,which was measured with BL-420S biological function experiment system and triphenyltetrazolium chloride.Meanwhile,the results of Double-Label Immunofluorescence Assays showed that ZSTX acupuncture improved the expression of GABA,GABAA,GABAB,BDNF,and K-Cl cotransporter isoform 2.Double-Label Immunofluorescence Assays and WB results showed that 14 days ZSTX acupuncture declined the expression of Trkb.Conclusions:Our results suggest that 14 days of ZSTX acupuncture can significantly improve post-stroke limb spasm.Meanwhile,the pathogenesis of post-stroke limb spasm and the efficacy of ZSTX acupuncture involve metabolic pathways of neurotransmitters,and electro-acupuncture can treat post-stroke limb spasm by regulating BDNF/Trkb-KCC2 signaling pathway.展开更多
The “mainstream” climatology (MSC)—i.e. which includes the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) community—considers the present day massive release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as the main c...The “mainstream” climatology (MSC)—i.e. which includes the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) community—considers the present day massive release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as the main cause of the current global warming trend. The main inference from this stance is that the increase in temperature must occur after the release of greenhouse gases originating from the anthropic activities. However, no scientific evidence has been provided for this basic notion. Earth paleoclimatic records document the antecedence of temperature over CO<sub>2</sub> levels. For the past 65 Ma, the temperature parameter has controlled the subsequent increase in CO<sub>2</sub>. This includes the three rapid aberrant shifts and extreme climate transients at 55 Ma, 34 Ma, and 23 Ma REF _Ref159913672 \r \h \* MERGEFORMAT [1]. The simple fact of their existence points to the potential for highly nonlinear responses in climate forcing. Whatever these shifts and transients are, CO<sub>2</sub> remains a second order parameter in their evolution through time. Confronted with the past, a suitable response must therefore be given to the unresolved question of whether the CO<sub>2</sub> trends precede the temperature trends in the current period, or not. The assertion that the current global warming is anthropogenic in origin implicitly presupposes a change of paradigm, with the consequence (the increase in CO<sub>2</sub> levels) that occurred in Earth’s past being positioned as the cause of the warming for its present day climatic evolution. The compulsory assumption regarding the antecedence of CO<sub>2</sub> levels over the temperature trends is associated with the haziness of the methodological framework—i.e. the paradigm—and tightens the research fields on the likely origins of global warming. The possible involvement of an “aberrant” natural event, hidden behind the massive release of greenhouse gases, has not been considered by the MSC.展开更多
This interview was conducted on August 21st, 2022 by Charles Buck and Ioannis Solos. Peter Deadman has worked in the field of health promotion for 50 years. He co-founded Infinity Foods(an organic and natural foods wo...This interview was conducted on August 21st, 2022 by Charles Buck and Ioannis Solos. Peter Deadman has worked in the field of health promotion for 50 years. He co-founded Infinity Foods(an organic and natural foods workers co-op) in 1971, followed by the Brighton Natural Health Centre-a charity dedicated to teaching ways to improve personal, community and planetary health and wellbeing. He qualified as an acupuncturist in 1978 and in Chinese herbal medicine in 1990. He founded The Journal of Chinese Medicine(UK) in 1979(Fig. 1), and co-authored A Manual of Acupuncture(published in 1998). He is the author of Live Well Live Long: Teachings from the Chinese Nourishment of Life Tradition. He has taught Chinese medicine and health promotion internationally for decades and is a dedicated practitioner and teacher of Qi Gong(气功).展开更多
Due to the significant changes they bring to high latitude stratospheric temperature and wind,stratospheric sudden warmings(SSWs)can have an impact on the propagation and energy distribution of gravity waves(GWs).The ...Due to the significant changes they bring to high latitude stratospheric temperature and wind,stratospheric sudden warmings(SSWs)can have an impact on the propagation and energy distribution of gravity waves(GWs).The variation characteristics of GWs during SSWs have always been an important issue.Using temperature data from January to March in 2014−2016,provided by the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere and Climate(COSMIC)mission,we have analyzed global GW activity at 15−40 km in the Northern Hemisphere during SSW events.During the SSWs that we studied,the stratospheric temperature rose in one or two longitudinal regions in the Northern Hemisphere;the areas affected extended to the east of 90°W.During these SSWs,the potential energy density(E_(p)of GWs expanded and covered a larger range of longitude and altitude,exhibiting an eastward and downward extension.The E_(p)usually increased,while partially filtered by the eastward zonal winds.When zonal winds weakened or turned westward,E_(p)began to strengthen.After SSWs,the E_(p)usually decreased.These observations can serve as a reference for analyzing the interaction mechanism between SSWs and GWs in future work.展开更多
This paper studied a snow event over North China on 21 February 2017,using aircraft in-situ data,a Lagrangian analysis tool,and WRF simulations with different microphysical schemes to investigate the supercooled layer...This paper studied a snow event over North China on 21 February 2017,using aircraft in-situ data,a Lagrangian analysis tool,and WRF simulations with different microphysical schemes to investigate the supercooled layer of warm conveyor belts(WCBs).Based on the aircraft data,we found a fine vertical structure within clouds in the WCB and highlighted a 1-2 km thin supercooled liquid water layer with a maximum Liquid Water Content(LWC) exceeding0.5 g kg^(-1) during the vertical aircraft observation.Although the main features of thermodynamic profiles were essentially captured by both modeling schemes,the microphysical quantities exhibited large diversity with different microphysics schemes.The conventional Morrison two-moment scheme showed remarkable agreement with in-situ observations,both in terms of the thermodynamic structure and the supercooled liquid water layer.However,the microphysical structure of the WCB clouds,in terms of LWC and IWC,was not apparent in HUJI fast bin scheme.To reduce such uncertainty,future work may focus on improving the representation of microphysics in bin schemes with in-situ data and using similar assumptions for all schemes to isolate the impact of physics.展开更多
The Alborz Mountains are some of the highest in Iran,and they play an important role in controlling the climate of the country’s northern regions.The land surface temperature(LST)is an important variable that affects...The Alborz Mountains are some of the highest in Iran,and they play an important role in controlling the climate of the country’s northern regions.The land surface temperature(LST)is an important variable that affects the ecosystem of this area.This study investigated the spatiotemporal changes and trends of the nighttime LST in the western region of the Central Alborz Mountains at elevations of 1500-4000 m above sea level.MODIS data were extracted for the period of 2000-2021,and the Mann-Kendall nonparametric test was applied to evaluating the changes in the LST.The results indicated a significant increasing trend for the monthly average LST in May-August along the southern aspect.Both the northern and southern aspects showed decreasing trends for the monthly average LST in October,November,and March and an increasing trend in other months.At all elevations,the average decadal change in the monthly average LST was more severe along the southern aspect(0.60°C)than along the northern aspect(0.37°C).The LST difference between the northern and southern aspects decreased in the cold months but increased in the hot months.At the same elevation,the difference in the lapse rate between the northern and southern aspects was greater in the hot months than in the cold months.With increasing elevation,the lapse rate between the northern and southern aspects disappeared.Climate change was concluded to greatly decrease the difference in LST at different elevations for April-July.展开更多
Global climate change is characterized by asymmetric warming,i.e.,greater temperature increases in winter,spring,and nighttime than in summer,autumn,and daytime.Field experiments were conducted using four wheat cultiv...Global climate change is characterized by asymmetric warming,i.e.,greater temperature increases in winter,spring,and nighttime than in summer,autumn,and daytime.Field experiments were conducted using four wheat cultivars,namely‘Yangmai 18’(YM18),‘Sumai 188’(SM188),‘Yannong 19’(YN19),and‘Annong 0711’(AN0711),in the two growing seasons of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021,with passive night warming during different periods in the early growth stage.The treatments were night warming during the tillering-jointing(NW_(T-J)),jointing-booting(NWJ-B),and booting-anthesis(NWB-A)stages,with ambient temperature(NN)as the control.The effects of night warming during different stages on wheat yield formation were investigated by determining the characteristics of dry matter accumulation and translocation,as well as sucrose and starch accumulation in wheat grains.The wheat yields of all four cultivars were significantly higher in NW_(T-J)than in NN in the 2-year experiment.The yield increases of semi-winter cultivars YN19 and AN0711 were greater than those of spring cultivars YM18 and SM188.Treatment NW_(T-J)increased wheat yield mainly by increasing the 1,000-grain weight and the number of fertile spikelets,and it increased dry matter accumulation in various organs of wheat at the anthesis and maturity stages by increasing the growth rate at the vegetative growth stage.The flag leaf and spike showed the largest increases in dry matter accumulation.NW_(T-J)also increased the grain sucrose and starch contents in the early and middle grain-filling stages,promoting yield formation.Overall,night warming between the tillering and jointing stages increased the pre-anthesis growth rate,and thus,wheat dry matter production,which contributed to an increase in wheat yield.展开更多
Acupuncture enjoys a robust evidence base for dozens of clinical conditions and decades of research exploring its mechanisms of action. It has over 9,000 positive recommendations from official government and clinical ...Acupuncture enjoys a robust evidence base for dozens of clinical conditions and decades of research exploring its mechanisms of action. It has over 9,000 positive recommendations from official government and clinical guidelines. However, it still remains relatively inaccessible in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, especially compared to the strength of evidence-based recommendations for its use. Acupuncture would benefit from robust implementation strategies, utilizing insights and approaches from implementation science. The clinical use of Botox for migraine suffered from weaker evidence of effectiveness and greater evidence of harm, but using a streamlined and robust implementation strategy, Allergan was able to achieve widespread implementation from when it began its efforts around 2010. Such a systematic approach that identifies and overcomes barriers to implementation for acupuncture would benefit millions of people who currently are offered less effective and more invasive treatments, contrary to the recommendations of clinical guidelines.展开更多
AIM:To explore the brain mechanism of acupuncture for children with anisometropic amblyopia using the voxelmirror homotopic connectivity(VMHC)analysis method of resting functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)te...AIM:To explore the brain mechanism of acupuncture for children with anisometropic amblyopia using the voxelmirror homotopic connectivity(VMHC)analysis method of resting functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)technology based on clinical effectiveness.METHODS:Eighty children with anisometropic monocular amblyopia were randomly divided into two groups:control(40 cases,1 case of shedding)and acupuncture(40 cases,1 case of shedding)groups.The control group was treated with glasses,red flash,grating,and visual stimulations,with each procedure conducted for 5min per time.Based on routine treatment,the acupuncture group underwent acupuncture of“regulating qi and unblocking meridians to bright eyes”,Jingming(BL1),Cuanzhu(BL2),Guangming(GB37),Fengchi(GB20)acupoints were taken on both sides,with the needle kept for 30min each time.Both groups were treated once every other day,three times per week,for a total of 4wk.After the treatment,the overall curative effect of the two groups and the latency and amplitude changes of P100 wave of pattern visual-evoked potential were counted.At the same time,nine children with left eye amblyopia were randomly selected from the two groups and were scanned with rsfMRI before and after treatment.The differences in the brain regions between the two groups were compared and analyzed with VMHC.RESULTS:Chi-square test showed a notable difference in the total efficiency rate between the acupuncture(94.87%)and control groups(79.49%).Regarding the P100 wave latency and amplitude,the acupuncture group had significantly shorter latency and higher amplitude of P100 wave than the control group.Moreover,the VMHC values of the bilateral temporal lobe,superior temporal gyrus,and middle temporal gyrus were notably increased in the acupuncture group after treatment.CONCLUSION:Acupuncture combined with conventional treatment can significantly improve the corrected visual acuity and optic nerve conduction in children with anisometropic amblyopia.Compared with the conventional treatment,the regulation of acupuncture on the functional activities of the relevant brain areas in the anterior cerebellum may be an effective acupuncture mechanism for anisometropic amblyopia.展开更多
文摘Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)is a chronic derivative joint issue that mainly damages the artistic cartilage and leads to pain,swelling,and stiffness around the joint,which is commomly worldwide.With the aging of society and the increment in obesity rate,the incidence of KOA increases sharply,which seriously effects the quality of human life.Before,how to take effective treatment methods is very important.Severe ways to treat the disease include non-steroidal drugs,local injections,surgery,and cell and gene therapies.However,each therapy has certain defections,such as gastrotestinal tract irritation,cardiovascular safety,or high medical costs for patients.Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history in treating KOA,reported by acupuncture,massage,internal administration of traditional Chinese medicine,and external use of traditional Chinese medicine.In clinical practice,patients can be treated from the root agreement to different etiology,and patients can be treated agreement to different syndrome types by syndrome difference to achieve effect.Studies have shown that warm acupuncture is effect in treating KOA.It has two kinds of treatment methods:acupuncture and moxibustion at the same time.It has fewer side effects and is more acceptable to patients.However,there are still some problems in the basic research and clinical application of warm acupuncture and moxibustion in treating KOA.This paper discussed the existing problems from the followingfive aspects:lack of unified synthesis difference and treatment system,problems in clinical research,weak basic research,problems in the study of moxibustion,and lack of the best treatment program recognized by the academic community.Meanwhile,the selection of acupoints,the relationship between acupuncture depth and anatomy should be further studied in order to offer research ideas for the healthy development of the treatment of KOA with warming acupuncture and moxibustion in the future.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of Chinese massage combined with warm acupuncture on knee osteoarthritis.Methods:60 patients with knee osteoarthritis who were treated in our hospital from January 2017 to October 2019 were selected as the research subjects,and they were randomly divided into 2 groups of 30 patients each.The control group was treated with oral western medicine,and the observation group was treated with massage combined with warm acupuncture.The clinical efficacy and WOMAC index were compared between the two groups.Results:The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,and the WOMAC score was lower than that of the control group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Chinese massage combined with warm acupuncture is effective in treating knee osteoarthritis It can effectively alleviate the symptoms of pain and joint stiffness in patients,and improve joint mobility,which is worth for clinical promotion.
文摘Objective: To analyze the clinical efficacy of warm acupuncture and moxibustion combined with manipulation in the treatment of periarthritis of shoulder. Methods: In this study, 120 patients with periarthritis of shoulder who were admitted to the department of orthopedics of the second affiliated hospital of Heilongjiang university of traditional Chinese medicine from June 2018 to June 2019 were selected, and the patients were divided into warm acupuncture group, massage group, combined treatment group and control group with a random number table, with 30 patients in each group. Warm acupuncture and moxibustion group received 4 weeks of warm acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, massage group received 4 weeks of massage treatment, patients in the combined treatment group received 4 weeks of warm acupuncture and moxibustion treatment, patients in the control group received 4 weeks of ultrashort wave combined plaster treatment. The use of ibuprofen, VAS score, Melle score, TCM syndrome score and serum inflammatory factors before and after treatment were analyzed and compared in each group of patients to evaluate the clinical efficacy. Results:shoulder joint pain and activity limitation were significantly improved in each group, VAS score, Melle score, TCM syndrome score and serum inflammatory factor levels were significantly decreased compared with before treatment (P < 0.05), and the improvement in the combined treatment group was significantly better than that in other groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Warm acupuncture combined with manipulation can significantly improve the clinical symptoms of periarthritis of shoulder, improve the mobility of shoulder joint, and inhibit the internal inflammatory response, which is significantly better than using warm acupuncture or manipulation alone and conventional physical therapy.
基金Modern Projects of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, No.08DZ1973200Research Projects of Shanghai Bureau of Public Health,No.2006Q004L
文摘BACKGROUND:Varying degrees of inflammatory responses occur during lumbar nerve root compression.Studies have shown that nitric oxide synthase(NOS) and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) are involved in secondary disc inflammation. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of warm acupuncture on the ultrastructure of inflammatory mediators in a rat model of lumbar nerve root compression,including NOS and CGRP contents. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Randomized,controlled study,with molecular biological analysis, was performed at the Experimental Center,Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University,between September 2006 and April 2007. MATERIALS:Acupuncture needles and refined Moxa grains were purchased from Shanghai Taicheng Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,China;Mobic tablets were purchased from Shanghai Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals Co.,Ltd.,China;enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for NOS and CGRP were purchased from ADL Biotechnology,Inc.,USA. METHODS:A total of 50,healthy,adult Sprague-Dawley rats,were randomly divided into five groups normal,model,warm acupuncture,acupuncture,and drug,with 10 rats in each group.Rats in the four groups,excluding the normal group,were used to establish models of lumbar nerve root compression.After 3 days,Jiaji points were set using reinforcing-reducing manipulation in the warm acupuncture group.Moxa grains were burned on each needle,with 2 grains each daily.The acupuncture group was the same as the warm acupuncture group,with the exception of non-moxibustion.Mobic suspension(3.75 mg/kg) was used in the oral drug group,once a day. Treatment of each group lasted for 14 consecutive days.Modeling and medication were not performed in the normal group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The ultrastructure of damaged nerve roots was observed with transmission electron microscopy;NOS and CGRP contents were measured using ELISA. RESULTS:The changes of the radicular ultramicrostructure were characterized by Wallerian degeneration;nerve fibers were clearly demyelinated;axons collapsed or degenerated;outer Schwann cell cytoplasm was swollen and its nucleus was compacted.Compared with the normal group,NOS and CGRP contents in the nerve root compression zone in the model group were significantly increased(P<0.01).Nerve root edema was improved in the drug,acupuncture and the warm acupuncture groups over the model group.NOS and CGRP expressions were also decreased with the warm acupuncture group having the lowest concentration(P<0.01). CONCLUSION:In comparison to the known effects of Mobic drug and acupuncture treatments,the warm acupuncture significantly decreased NOS and CGRP expression which helped improve the ultrastructure of the comoressed nerve root.
文摘Clinical observation on 434 cases of rheumatoid arthritis shows that the warmingneedle method is markedly effective for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It also helps to reveal the mecha-nism and function of acupuncture and moxibustion (AM) in curing diseases. Laboratory observationconfirms that the warming needle method can modulate the body’s immunity function significantly. Inthe future, more attention should be paid to point selection and manipulation method so that the bestresult can be obtained.
文摘Objective: To study the tr eatment of postope rative gast ropa resis in pa ti ents with gast ric cancer. Methods: 18 patients with gast ropa resis afte r gast ric cance r sur gery were divided into two gr oups, including 10 pa ti ents in the obse rva tion group and 8 pati ents in the cont rol group. The observation group was treated with traditional Chinese medicine combined with warm acupuncture and moxibustion, and the control group was treated with western medicine. Results: After 7 days tr eatment, the re was significant diffe rence in cure r ate and total effective rate between the two groups (P < 0.01), and the treatment group was obviously superior to the control group. Conclusion: Traditional Chinese medicine combined with warm acupuncture is effective in the treatment of postoperative gastroparesis of gastric cancer.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No.: 81560802).
文摘Objective: To observe the effects of warm acupuncture on “Dinghui Acupoint” and “Heart Acupoint” in Traditional Mongolian Medicine on behavior and hypothalamic inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-r in Rats with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, warm acupuncture group and moxibustion positive control group. The latter three groups of rats were used to establish a model of rats with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) using a combination of physical fatigue and mental fatigue. When establishing the model of warm acupuncture group,“Dinghui Acupoint” and “Heart Acupoint” intervention was carried out;when establishing the model of moxibustion positive control group,“Zusanli Acupoint” intervention was carried out on both sides. Behavioral observations (body weight, exhaustive swimming time, tail suspension experiment, water maze) were performed before and after modeling. The hypothalamic inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-r were detected by ELISA method after warm acupuncture and moxibustion intervention. Results: After 21 days of modeling, the body weight of the rats in each group was significantly lower than that in the normal group, and there was a significant difference (P<0.01);Compared with the model group, the weight of the rats in the warm acupuncture group increased significantly, and there was a significant difference (P<0.01);Compared with the model group, the exhaustive swimming time of the rats in the warm acupuncture group was significantly prolonged, and there was a significant difference (P<0.01);Compared with the moxibustion group, the exhaustion time of the rats in the warm acupuncture group was relatively prolonged, and there was a significant difference (P<0.05);Compared with the normal group, the tail suspension time of the model group was significantly prolonged, and there was a significant difference (P<0.05);Compared with the model group, there was a significant difference in the duration of the suspension of the warm acupuncture group and the moxibustion group (P<0.01);Compared with the normal group, the total distance of the water maze test was shorter in the model group, and there was a significant difference (P<0.01);Compared with the model group, both the warm acupuncture group and the moxibustion group were prolonged, and there was a significant difference (P<0.05);Compared with the moxibustion group, the distance between the rats in the warm acupuncture group was relatively longer, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05);Compared with the normal group, IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-r increased significantly in the model group and there was a significant difference (P<0.05);Compared with the model group, IL- 1β and IL-6 in the warm acupuncture group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the IL-6 in the moxibustion group was significantly different (P<0.05);Compared with the model group, there was no significant difference between the IFN-r group and the moxibustion group (P>0.05);Compared with the moxibustion group, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-r were not significantly different (P>0.05). Conclusion: Warm acupuncture on “Dinghui Acupoint” and “Heart Acupoint” in Traditional Mongolian Medicine has the ability to improve the body’s defense and self-healing ability, improve chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and thus play a preventive role. The results of this research indicate that the warm acupuncture group and the moxibustion group have the same effect.
基金Supported by the Program of Science Research Foundation of Zhejiang Provincial TCM Administration(No.2022ZB058)。
文摘Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS)combined with warm acupuncture in treating breast cancer associated with upper limb lymphedema(BCRL).Methods This was a retrospective cohort study using a paired control design.Fifty-two BCRL patients were assigned to the control group(27 cases)and the treatment group(25 cases).The patients in the control group were treated with lymphedema comprehensive detumescence treatment(CDT)for 4 weeks,including systematic therapy composed of manual lymphatic drainage,compression bandage,skincare,and functional exercise.The patients in the treatment group were treated with TEAS combined with warm acupuncture based on the control group methods.Each treatment lasted for 30 min and was applied twice a week for 4 weeks.The arm circumference(AC)of different positions of the affected limb and the degree of swelling of the affected limb were evaluated before the first treatment and after the last treatment.The clinical efficacy was evaluated according to the degree of edema before and after treatment.All adverse events during treatment were recorded.Results The patients’AC and the swelling feeling of the affected limb in the treatment group and the control group were both reduced compared with those before treatment.Compared with the control group,AC of the wrist joint transverse stria,the midpoint between the wrist joint transverse stria and the elbow joint transverse stria in the treatment group were significantly reduced(P<0.05).The decrease in AC diameter at the midpoint between the elbow joint transverse stria and the axillary transverse stria was the most significant(P<0.01).The swelling degree of the affected limbs in the treatment group was significantly lower than before treatment,and was significantly lower compared with the control group after treatment(P<0.01).The total effective rate was 72%in the treatment group,significantly higher than that in the control group(55.56%,P<0.05).No serious adverse events occured in either group.Conclusions TEAS combined with warm acupuncture can effectively reduce AC and swelling feeling of the affected limb in patients with BCRL.The effect is better than that of CDT therapy alone.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Program of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2019GG125).
文摘[Objectives]To evaluate the efficacy of warm needling acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation(LDH)by Meta-analysis.[Methods]Randomized controlled trial of warm needling acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation published from January 2000 to December 2021 was searched by Cochrane Library,PubMed,VIP,CNKI and Wanfang.After the quality evaluation of the literature,the Meta-analysis of the literature was carried out by using Review Manager 5.3.[Results]A total of 10 studies were included,involving a total of 980 patients.The results of Meta-analysis showed that warm needling acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation could improve the total clinical effective rate,OR=5.38,95%CI(3.40,8.49),P<0.00001;decrease the VAS score,MD=-3.33,95%CI[-4.53,-2.12],z=5.42(P<0.00001);increase the JOA score,MD=-5.63,95%CI[-8.12,-3.14];improve the dysfunction,MD=-5.63,95%CI[-8.12,-3.14],z=4.43(P<0.00001);decrease inflammatory factors,MD=-11.09,95%CI[-13.60,-8.58],z=8.65(P<0.00001).And the recurrence rate was low,OR=0.33,95%CI[0.15,0.70],z=2.86(P=0.004).[Conclusions]Warm needling acupuncture could effectively treat lumbar disc herniation and relieve pain symptoms.However,due to the general poorness of literature quality and the low quality of evidence,high-quality randomized controlled trials are still needed.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Program of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(2019GG125).
文摘[Objectives]To observe the clinical efficacy of warm needling acupuncture of Mongolian medicine in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation(LDH).[Methods]120 patients with lumbar disc herniation hospitalized in Inner Mongolia International Mongolian Hospital from June 2019 to June 2022 were randomly divided into observation group(n=60)and control group(n=60).The observation group was treated with warm needling acupuncture of Mongolian medicine,and the control group was treated with common acupuncture of Mongolian medicine,with two weeks as a course of treatment.The pain visual analogue scale(VAS)and Japanese orthopaedic association(JOA)score were observed before and after treatment,and the clinical efficacy was evaluated by the changes of clinical symptoms and signs of Mongolian medicine.[Results]The cure rate of the observation group was 71.7%,which was better than that of the control group(53.3%).The difference in the cure rate between the two groups was statistically significant,X 2=4.302,P=0.038.The total markedly effective rate(cured+markedly effective)of the observation group was 90.0%,while that of the control group was 83.3%.There was no significant difference in the total markedly effective rate between the two groups,X 2=1.154,P=0.283.The total effective rate(cured+markedly effective+effective)of the observation group was 100%,while that of the control group was 95.0%.There was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the two groups,and the continuous corrected chi-square value was 1.368 and 0.242.After treatment,the degree of low back pain,lower limb pain and dyskinesia were significantly improved in the two groups,the observation group was better than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).[Conclusions]The warm needling acupuncture of Mongolian medicine was effective in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation,which is worth popularizing.
基金financially supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA23060301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41621001).
文摘Understanding temperature variability especially elevation dependent warming(EDW)in high-elevation mountain regions is critical for assessing the impacts of climate change on water resources including glacier melt,degradation of soils,and active layer thickness.EDW means that temperature is warming faster with the increase of altitude.In this study,we used observed temperature data during 1979-2017 from 23 meteorological stations in the Qilian Mountains(QLM)to analyze temperature trend with Mann-Kendall(MK)test and Sen’s slope approach.Results showed that the warming trends for the annual temperature followed the order of T_min>T_mean>T_max and with a shift both occurred in 1997.Spring and summer temperature have a higher increasing trend than that in autumn and winter.T_mean shifts occurred in 1996 for spring and summer,in 1997 for autumn and winter.T_max shifts occurred in 1997 for spring and 1996 for summer.T_min shifts occurred in 1997 for spring,summer and winter as well as in 1999 for autumn.Annual mean diurnal temperature range(DTR)shows a significant decreasing trend(-0.18°C/10a)from 1979 to 2017.Summer mean DTR shows a significant decreasing trend(-0.26°C/10a)from 1979 to 2017 with a shift occurred in 2010.After removing longitude and latitude factors,we can learn that the warming enhancement rate of average annual temperature is 0.0673°C/km/10a,indicating that the temperature warming trend is accelerating with the continuous increase of altitude.The increase rate of elevation temperature is 0.0371°C/km/10a in spring,0.0457°C/km/10a in summer,0.0707°C/km/10a in autumn,and 0.0606°C/km/10a in winter,which indicates that there is a clear EDW in the QLM.The main causes of warming in the Qilian Mountains are human activities,cloudiness,ice-snow feedback and El Nino phenomenon.
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2019YFC1709900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71804022)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Henan province(Grant No.232300420256)Medical technologies R&D Program of Henan province(Grant No.LHGJ20220348).
文摘Background:To investigate the effects of acupuncture on post-stroke limb spasm model rats and the underlying mechanism.Methods:A total of 50 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups,Control group(10),Model group(20)and Zhishen Tiaoxing(ZSTX)acupuncture group(20).Middle cerebral artery occlusion was conducted in SD rats to establish post-stroke limb spasm rats,which were treated with ZSTX acupuncture.Behavioral assays were determined by the Narrow ally test,the limb muscle tension was detected by the BL-420S test system,and infarct volume was assessed after the cerebral infarction by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining.Heterogeneous neurotransmitterγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)and its receptors GABAA and GABAB in the cerebral cortex of the infarct area were determined by immunofluorescence assay.The release of Trkb and K-Cl cotransporter isoform 2 was detected by an immunofluorescence double labeling study.Western Blot was utilized to measure the expression of BDNF and Trkb.Results:The results showed that the behavioral assays in post-stroke limb spasm rats were significantly improved by the treatment of ZSTX acupuncture.14 days of ZSTX acupuncture can effectively inhibit muscle tone and decrease Infarct volume,which was measured with BL-420S biological function experiment system and triphenyltetrazolium chloride.Meanwhile,the results of Double-Label Immunofluorescence Assays showed that ZSTX acupuncture improved the expression of GABA,GABAA,GABAB,BDNF,and K-Cl cotransporter isoform 2.Double-Label Immunofluorescence Assays and WB results showed that 14 days ZSTX acupuncture declined the expression of Trkb.Conclusions:Our results suggest that 14 days of ZSTX acupuncture can significantly improve post-stroke limb spasm.Meanwhile,the pathogenesis of post-stroke limb spasm and the efficacy of ZSTX acupuncture involve metabolic pathways of neurotransmitters,and electro-acupuncture can treat post-stroke limb spasm by regulating BDNF/Trkb-KCC2 signaling pathway.
文摘The “mainstream” climatology (MSC)—i.e. which includes the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) community—considers the present day massive release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as the main cause of the current global warming trend. The main inference from this stance is that the increase in temperature must occur after the release of greenhouse gases originating from the anthropic activities. However, no scientific evidence has been provided for this basic notion. Earth paleoclimatic records document the antecedence of temperature over CO<sub>2</sub> levels. For the past 65 Ma, the temperature parameter has controlled the subsequent increase in CO<sub>2</sub>. This includes the three rapid aberrant shifts and extreme climate transients at 55 Ma, 34 Ma, and 23 Ma REF _Ref159913672 \r \h \* MERGEFORMAT [1]. The simple fact of their existence points to the potential for highly nonlinear responses in climate forcing. Whatever these shifts and transients are, CO<sub>2</sub> remains a second order parameter in their evolution through time. Confronted with the past, a suitable response must therefore be given to the unresolved question of whether the CO<sub>2</sub> trends precede the temperature trends in the current period, or not. The assertion that the current global warming is anthropogenic in origin implicitly presupposes a change of paradigm, with the consequence (the increase in CO<sub>2</sub> levels) that occurred in Earth’s past being positioned as the cause of the warming for its present day climatic evolution. The compulsory assumption regarding the antecedence of CO<sub>2</sub> levels over the temperature trends is associated with the haziness of the methodological framework—i.e. the paradigm—and tightens the research fields on the likely origins of global warming. The possible involvement of an “aberrant” natural event, hidden behind the massive release of greenhouse gases, has not been considered by the MSC.
文摘This interview was conducted on August 21st, 2022 by Charles Buck and Ioannis Solos. Peter Deadman has worked in the field of health promotion for 50 years. He co-founded Infinity Foods(an organic and natural foods workers co-op) in 1971, followed by the Brighton Natural Health Centre-a charity dedicated to teaching ways to improve personal, community and planetary health and wellbeing. He qualified as an acupuncturist in 1978 and in Chinese herbal medicine in 1990. He founded The Journal of Chinese Medicine(UK) in 1979(Fig. 1), and co-authored A Manual of Acupuncture(published in 1998). He is the author of Live Well Live Long: Teachings from the Chinese Nourishment of Life Tradition. He has taught Chinese medicine and health promotion internationally for decades and is a dedicated practitioner and teacher of Qi Gong(气功).
基金the National Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.2022JJ40471)the Research Foundation of the Education Bureau of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.22B0345)the Key Laboratory of Geospace Envi-ronment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,University of Science&Technology of China(Grant No.GE2023-01).
文摘Due to the significant changes they bring to high latitude stratospheric temperature and wind,stratospheric sudden warmings(SSWs)can have an impact on the propagation and energy distribution of gravity waves(GWs).The variation characteristics of GWs during SSWs have always been an important issue.Using temperature data from January to March in 2014−2016,provided by the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology,Ionosphere and Climate(COSMIC)mission,we have analyzed global GW activity at 15−40 km in the Northern Hemisphere during SSW events.During the SSWs that we studied,the stratospheric temperature rose in one or two longitudinal regions in the Northern Hemisphere;the areas affected extended to the east of 90°W.During these SSWs,the potential energy density(E_(p)of GWs expanded and covered a larger range of longitude and altitude,exhibiting an eastward and downward extension.The E_(p)usually increased,while partially filtered by the eastward zonal winds.When zonal winds weakened or turned westward,E_(p)began to strengthen.After SSWs,the E_(p)usually decreased.These observations can serve as a reference for analyzing the interaction mechanism between SSWs and GWs in future work.
基金jointly supported by the China National Science Foundation under Grant Nos.41875172 and 42075192。
文摘This paper studied a snow event over North China on 21 February 2017,using aircraft in-situ data,a Lagrangian analysis tool,and WRF simulations with different microphysical schemes to investigate the supercooled layer of warm conveyor belts(WCBs).Based on the aircraft data,we found a fine vertical structure within clouds in the WCB and highlighted a 1-2 km thin supercooled liquid water layer with a maximum Liquid Water Content(LWC) exceeding0.5 g kg^(-1) during the vertical aircraft observation.Although the main features of thermodynamic profiles were essentially captured by both modeling schemes,the microphysical quantities exhibited large diversity with different microphysics schemes.The conventional Morrison two-moment scheme showed remarkable agreement with in-situ observations,both in terms of the thermodynamic structure and the supercooled liquid water layer.However,the microphysical structure of the WCB clouds,in terms of LWC and IWC,was not apparent in HUJI fast bin scheme.To reduce such uncertainty,future work may focus on improving the representation of microphysics in bin schemes with in-situ data and using similar assumptions for all schemes to isolate the impact of physics.
文摘The Alborz Mountains are some of the highest in Iran,and they play an important role in controlling the climate of the country’s northern regions.The land surface temperature(LST)is an important variable that affects the ecosystem of this area.This study investigated the spatiotemporal changes and trends of the nighttime LST in the western region of the Central Alborz Mountains at elevations of 1500-4000 m above sea level.MODIS data were extracted for the period of 2000-2021,and the Mann-Kendall nonparametric test was applied to evaluating the changes in the LST.The results indicated a significant increasing trend for the monthly average LST in May-August along the southern aspect.Both the northern and southern aspects showed decreasing trends for the monthly average LST in October,November,and March and an increasing trend in other months.At all elevations,the average decadal change in the monthly average LST was more severe along the southern aspect(0.60°C)than along the northern aspect(0.37°C).The LST difference between the northern and southern aspects decreased in the cold months but increased in the hot months.At the same elevation,the difference in the lapse rate between the northern and southern aspects was greater in the hot months than in the cold months.With increasing elevation,the lapse rate between the northern and southern aspects disappeared.Climate change was concluded to greatly decrease the difference in LST at different elevations for April-July.
基金This work was supported by the Project of Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,China(2008085qc118)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U19A2021)+1 种基金the Major Science and Technology Special Project of Anhui Province,China(S202003a06020035)the Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production,China(JCIC-MCP).
文摘Global climate change is characterized by asymmetric warming,i.e.,greater temperature increases in winter,spring,and nighttime than in summer,autumn,and daytime.Field experiments were conducted using four wheat cultivars,namely‘Yangmai 18’(YM18),‘Sumai 188’(SM188),‘Yannong 19’(YN19),and‘Annong 0711’(AN0711),in the two growing seasons of 2019-2020 and 2020-2021,with passive night warming during different periods in the early growth stage.The treatments were night warming during the tillering-jointing(NW_(T-J)),jointing-booting(NWJ-B),and booting-anthesis(NWB-A)stages,with ambient temperature(NN)as the control.The effects of night warming during different stages on wheat yield formation were investigated by determining the characteristics of dry matter accumulation and translocation,as well as sucrose and starch accumulation in wheat grains.The wheat yields of all four cultivars were significantly higher in NW_(T-J)than in NN in the 2-year experiment.The yield increases of semi-winter cultivars YN19 and AN0711 were greater than those of spring cultivars YM18 and SM188.Treatment NW_(T-J)increased wheat yield mainly by increasing the 1,000-grain weight and the number of fertile spikelets,and it increased dry matter accumulation in various organs of wheat at the anthesis and maturity stages by increasing the growth rate at the vegetative growth stage.The flag leaf and spike showed the largest increases in dry matter accumulation.NW_(T-J)also increased the grain sucrose and starch contents in the early and middle grain-filling stages,promoting yield formation.Overall,night warming between the tillering and jointing stages increased the pre-anthesis growth rate,and thus,wheat dry matter production,which contributed to an increase in wheat yield.
文摘Acupuncture enjoys a robust evidence base for dozens of clinical conditions and decades of research exploring its mechanisms of action. It has over 9,000 positive recommendations from official government and clinical guidelines. However, it still remains relatively inaccessible in the United States, Europe and elsewhere, especially compared to the strength of evidence-based recommendations for its use. Acupuncture would benefit from robust implementation strategies, utilizing insights and approaches from implementation science. The clinical use of Botox for migraine suffered from weaker evidence of effectiveness and greater evidence of harm, but using a streamlined and robust implementation strategy, Allergan was able to achieve widespread implementation from when it began its efforts around 2010. Such a systematic approach that identifies and overcomes barriers to implementation for acupuncture would benefit millions of people who currently are offered less effective and more invasive treatments, contrary to the recommendations of clinical guidelines.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82160935,No.82260965)Traditional Chinese Medicine Discipline“Qi Huang Ying Cai”Tutor Special Fund Doctoral Program(No.ZYXKBD-202208)+4 种基金Higher Education Innovation Fund Project of Gansu Province(No.2021A-087)Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(No.22JR5RA583)Traditional Chinese Medicine Discipline“Qi Huang Ying Cai”Tutor Special Fund Master’s Supervisor Program(No.ZYXKSD-202220)Youth Research Fund Project of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine(No.ZQ2017-9)Gansu Province 2023 Provincial Key Talent Project(No.2).
文摘AIM:To explore the brain mechanism of acupuncture for children with anisometropic amblyopia using the voxelmirror homotopic connectivity(VMHC)analysis method of resting functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)technology based on clinical effectiveness.METHODS:Eighty children with anisometropic monocular amblyopia were randomly divided into two groups:control(40 cases,1 case of shedding)and acupuncture(40 cases,1 case of shedding)groups.The control group was treated with glasses,red flash,grating,and visual stimulations,with each procedure conducted for 5min per time.Based on routine treatment,the acupuncture group underwent acupuncture of“regulating qi and unblocking meridians to bright eyes”,Jingming(BL1),Cuanzhu(BL2),Guangming(GB37),Fengchi(GB20)acupoints were taken on both sides,with the needle kept for 30min each time.Both groups were treated once every other day,three times per week,for a total of 4wk.After the treatment,the overall curative effect of the two groups and the latency and amplitude changes of P100 wave of pattern visual-evoked potential were counted.At the same time,nine children with left eye amblyopia were randomly selected from the two groups and were scanned with rsfMRI before and after treatment.The differences in the brain regions between the two groups were compared and analyzed with VMHC.RESULTS:Chi-square test showed a notable difference in the total efficiency rate between the acupuncture(94.87%)and control groups(79.49%).Regarding the P100 wave latency and amplitude,the acupuncture group had significantly shorter latency and higher amplitude of P100 wave than the control group.Moreover,the VMHC values of the bilateral temporal lobe,superior temporal gyrus,and middle temporal gyrus were notably increased in the acupuncture group after treatment.CONCLUSION:Acupuncture combined with conventional treatment can significantly improve the corrected visual acuity and optic nerve conduction in children with anisometropic amblyopia.Compared with the conventional treatment,the regulation of acupuncture on the functional activities of the relevant brain areas in the anterior cerebellum may be an effective acupuncture mechanism for anisometropic amblyopia.
