The Internet of Things(IoT)consists of interconnected smart devices communicating and collecting data.The Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks(RPL)is the standard protocol for Internet Protocol Version 6(...The Internet of Things(IoT)consists of interconnected smart devices communicating and collecting data.The Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks(RPL)is the standard protocol for Internet Protocol Version 6(IPv6)in the IoT.However,RPL is vulnerable to various attacks,including the sinkhole attack,which disrupts the network by manipulating routing information.This paper proposes the Unweighted Voting Method(UVM)for sinkhole node identification,utilizing three key behavioral indicators:DODAG Information Object(DIO)Transaction Frequency,Rank Harmony,and Power Consumption.These indicators have been carefully selected based on their contribution to sinkhole attack detection and other relevant features used in previous research.The UVM method employs an unweighted voting mechanism,where each voter or rule holds equal weight in detecting the presence of a sinkhole attack based on the proposed indicators.The effectiveness of the UVM method is evaluated using the COOJA simulator and compared with existing approaches.Notably,the proposed approach fulfills power consumption requirements for constrained nodes without increasing consumption due to the deployment design.In terms of detection accuracy,simulation results demonstrate a high detection rate ranging from 90%to 100%,with a low false-positive rate of 0%to 0.2%.Consequently,the proposed approach surpasses Ensemble Learning Intrusion Detection Systems by leveraging three indicators and three supporting rules.展开更多
In the scenario of multiple wireless personal area networks （WPANs） accessing the home area network （HAN）, the frequency-shift （FRESH）filter based on the cyclostationary theory is applied for the anti-interferen...In the scenario of multiple wireless personal area networks （WPANs） accessing the home area network （HAN）, the frequency-shift （FRESH）filter based on the cyclostationary theory is applied for the anti-interference at the 2. 4 GHz spectrum. The main architecture of multiple WPANs accessing the HAN is proposed. The medium access control（ MAC） -level coordination solution applied in the access point （AP）for the coexistence of different communication protocols within WPAN is discussed. The diagram of the adaptive FRESH filter is described. The anti-interference models of the FRESH filter in the scenario of multiple WPANs accessing the HAN are proposed. The minimum mean square error （MMSE）convergence property of the FRESH filter with the change in the data point number is analyzed. The simulation results indicate that the FRESH filter can effectively extract the signal of interest （SOI） from the interference with the partly overlapped spectrum. Thus, the excellent anti-interference performance of the FRESH filter is validated. Moreover, by both theoretical analysis and simulation, the MMSE convergent property of the FRESH filter is also proven.展开更多
The single-carrier block transmission（SCBT）,a.k.a.,single-carrier frequency-domain equalization（SC-FDE）,is being considered as an option technique for the wireless personal area network（WPAN） operating at 60 GHz...The single-carrier block transmission（SCBT）,a.k.a.,single-carrier frequency-domain equalization（SC-FDE）,is being considered as an option technique for the wireless personal area network（WPAN） operating at 60 GHz.It is found that for residential environment,in non-line-of-sight（NLOS） multi-path channels,the SCBT is much more effective to combat the inter-symbol interference（ISI） compared with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing（OFDM）.Low-density parity-check（LDPC） codes are a class of linear block codes which provide near capacity performance on a large collection of data transmission and storage channels while simultaneously admitting implementable decoders.To facilitate using LDPC codes for SCBT system,a new log-likelihood ratio（LLR） calculation method is proposed based on pilot symbols（PS）.Golay Sequences whose sum autocorrelation has a unique peak and zero sidelobe are used for creating the PS.The position and length of the PS are not fixed in the data blocks.The simulation results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the LDPC decoding performance in SCBT system.This is very promising to support ultra high-data-rate wireless transmission.展开更多
The Ultra-WideBand Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (UWB-OFDM) approach is a promising physical-layer technique for short-range, high data-rate wireless networks. As the occupied band-width increases, howeve...The Ultra-WideBand Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (UWB-OFDM) approach is a promising physical-layer technique for short-range, high data-rate wireless networks. As the occupied band-width increases, however, its implementation becomes more and more difficult. In order to make it easier to achieve a UWB-OFDM system, a complexity-reduced Frequency diversity (F-diversity) scheme, Fre-quency-Time Block Code (FTBC), is presented in this paper. The FTBC halves the sampling rate required by other F-diversity techniques so as to cut down the cost of UWB-OFDM systems with F-diversity to a certain extent.展开更多
In this paper, a novel adaptive transmit-receive scheme is presented for indoor Direct Se- quence Ultra-WideBand (DS-UWB) systems. In the proposed scheme, a simple switch module is in- troduced to improve the system t...In this paper, a novel adaptive transmit-receive scheme is presented for indoor Direct Se- quence Ultra-WideBand (DS-UWB) systems. In the proposed scheme, a simple switch module is in- troduced to improve the system throughput. Furthermore, adaptive detection is implemented via an improved Least Mean Squares (LMS) algorithm. The convergence behavior and the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the proposed scheme are examined under the realistic channel models. Simu- lation results show that, nearly without loss of the BER performance, the proposed scheme can obtain at least 2/3 improvement in training overhead compared with the conventional approach.展开更多
In this paper, we present a 60 GHz substrate-integrated waveguide fed-steerable low-temperature cofired ceramics array. The antenna is suitable for transmitting and receiving on the 60 GHz wireless personal area netwo...In this paper, we present a 60 GHz substrate-integrated waveguide fed-steerable low-temperature cofired ceramics array. The antenna is suitable for transmitting and receiving on the 60 GHz wireless personal area network frequency band. The wireless system can be used for HDTV, high-data-rate networking up to 4.5 GBit/s, security and surveillance, and similar applications.展开更多
IEEE802.15.4 is the communication protocol meeting the requirements of short distance and low transmission rate, and achieving the objective of low power. The technique is an emerging wireless communication standard. ...IEEE802.15.4 is the communication protocol meeting the requirements of short distance and low transmission rate, and achieving the objective of low power. The technique is an emerging wireless communication standard. It is a two-way wireless communication technology with short distance, low complexity, low power consumption and low data transmission rate and low cost. The paper analyzes the features, framework, performance indicators and overall hardware platform structure of JN5121 chip which is used in JENNIC Corporation. And the paper researches the characteristics of actual oroducts for project development.展开更多
The use of IEEE 802.15.4 standard based application systems has been rapidly increasing, for example, in medical services, sensor networks, public safety systems, and home automation systems. However, issues arise fro...The use of IEEE 802.15.4 standard based application systems has been rapidly increasing, for example, in medical services, sensor networks, public safety systems, and home automation systems. However, issues arise from the fact that IEEE 802.15.4 standard based low rate wireless personal area networks(LR-WPANs) use the same frequency bands as wireless local area networks(WLANs), and they interfere with each other. Based on past research on this issue, the interference has a more serious impact on LR-WPANs' performance than on WLANs' performance. In this paper we propose a method to improve LR-WPANs' performance while coexisting with WLANs, which is called the reliable beacon transmission based medium access control(MAC) protocol. Since the reliability of a beacon frame is important, in this method, only the beacon frame is transmitted in interference-free channels, and the data packets are transmitted in interfered channels instead of abandoning the channels altogether. This method increases the reliability of beacon frames as well as overall channel utilizations. The effectiveness of the proposed method was evaluated through extensive simulations, and this paper proves that this method improves the performance of IEEE 802.15.4 based wireless sensor networks(WSNs) over WLANs' interferences.展开更多
Wireless personal area networks （WPANs） are formed in a relatively small area, and coordinator that serves as a central control device plays an important role in the operation and organization of a piconet. Typical ...Wireless personal area networks （WPANs） are formed in a relatively small area, and coordinator that serves as a central control device plays an important role in the operation and organization of a piconet. Typical applications of WPANs include home automation systems, security systems and health monitoring systems. In these types of systems, guaranteeing seamless connectivity is very important, and communications cannot take place when the coordinator malfunctions. Thus, in the case of a breakdown, it is necessary to elect a new coordinator as soon as possible. For this reason, a distributed coordinator election scheme （DCES） is proposed that considers not only QoS support but also network connectivity in an effort to avoid possible network partition. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can elect a new coordinator while maintaining QoS and guaranteeing connectivity for a limited period.展开更多
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Najran University for this research through a Grant(NU/RG/SERC/12/50)under the Research Groups at Najran University,Saudi Arabia.
文摘The Internet of Things(IoT)consists of interconnected smart devices communicating and collecting data.The Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks(RPL)is the standard protocol for Internet Protocol Version 6(IPv6)in the IoT.However,RPL is vulnerable to various attacks,including the sinkhole attack,which disrupts the network by manipulating routing information.This paper proposes the Unweighted Voting Method(UVM)for sinkhole node identification,utilizing three key behavioral indicators:DODAG Information Object(DIO)Transaction Frequency,Rank Harmony,and Power Consumption.These indicators have been carefully selected based on their contribution to sinkhole attack detection and other relevant features used in previous research.The UVM method employs an unweighted voting mechanism,where each voter or rule holds equal weight in detecting the presence of a sinkhole attack based on the proposed indicators.The effectiveness of the UVM method is evaluated using the COOJA simulator and compared with existing approaches.Notably,the proposed approach fulfills power consumption requirements for constrained nodes without increasing consumption due to the deployment design.In terms of detection accuracy,simulation results demonstrate a high detection rate ranging from 90%to 100%,with a low false-positive rate of 0%to 0.2%.Consequently,the proposed approach surpasses Ensemble Learning Intrusion Detection Systems by leveraging three indicators and three supporting rules.
基金The National Basic Research Program of China(973Program)(No.2007CB310606)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60472053)+1 种基金the High Technology Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(No.BG2006002)the Specialized Development Foundation for the Achievement Transformation of Jiangsu Province(No.BA2006101)
文摘In the scenario of multiple wireless personal area networks （WPANs） accessing the home area network （HAN）, the frequency-shift （FRESH）filter based on the cyclostationary theory is applied for the anti-interference at the 2. 4 GHz spectrum. The main architecture of multiple WPANs accessing the HAN is proposed. The medium access control（ MAC） -level coordination solution applied in the access point （AP）for the coexistence of different communication protocols within WPAN is discussed. The diagram of the adaptive FRESH filter is described. The anti-interference models of the FRESH filter in the scenario of multiple WPANs accessing the HAN are proposed. The minimum mean square error （MMSE）convergence property of the FRESH filter with the change in the data point number is analyzed. The simulation results indicate that the FRESH filter can effectively extract the signal of interest （SOI） from the interference with the partly overlapped spectrum. Thus, the excellent anti-interference performance of the FRESH filter is validated. Moreover, by both theoretical analysis and simulation, the MMSE convergent property of the FRESH filter is also proven.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60572093)Specialized Research Fund for the DoctoralProgram of Higher Education (20050004016)
文摘The single-carrier block transmission（SCBT）,a.k.a.,single-carrier frequency-domain equalization（SC-FDE）,is being considered as an option technique for the wireless personal area network（WPAN） operating at 60 GHz.It is found that for residential environment,in non-line-of-sight（NLOS） multi-path channels,the SCBT is much more effective to combat the inter-symbol interference（ISI） compared with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing（OFDM）.Low-density parity-check（LDPC） codes are a class of linear block codes which provide near capacity performance on a large collection of data transmission and storage channels while simultaneously admitting implementable decoders.To facilitate using LDPC codes for SCBT system,a new log-likelihood ratio（LLR） calculation method is proposed based on pilot symbols（PS）.Golay Sequences whose sum autocorrelation has a unique peak and zero sidelobe are used for creating the PS.The position and length of the PS are not fixed in the data blocks.The simulation results show that the proposed method can significantly improve the LDPC decoding performance in SCBT system.This is very promising to support ultra high-data-rate wireless transmission.
文摘The Ultra-WideBand Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (UWB-OFDM) approach is a promising physical-layer technique for short-range, high data-rate wireless networks. As the occupied band-width increases, however, its implementation becomes more and more difficult. In order to make it easier to achieve a UWB-OFDM system, a complexity-reduced Frequency diversity (F-diversity) scheme, Fre-quency-Time Block Code (FTBC), is presented in this paper. The FTBC halves the sampling rate required by other F-diversity techniques so as to cut down the cost of UWB-OFDM systems with F-diversity to a certain extent.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60372055)the National Doctoral Foun-dation of China (No.20030698027).
文摘In this paper, a novel adaptive transmit-receive scheme is presented for indoor Direct Se- quence Ultra-WideBand (DS-UWB) systems. In the proposed scheme, a simple switch module is in- troduced to improve the system throughput. Furthermore, adaptive detection is implemented via an improved Least Mean Squares (LMS) algorithm. The convergence behavior and the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the proposed scheme are examined under the realistic channel models. Simu- lation results show that, nearly without loss of the BER performance, the proposed scheme can obtain at least 2/3 improvement in training overhead compared with the conventional approach.
文摘In this paper, we present a 60 GHz substrate-integrated waveguide fed-steerable low-temperature cofired ceramics array. The antenna is suitable for transmitting and receiving on the 60 GHz wireless personal area network frequency band. The wireless system can be used for HDTV, high-data-rate networking up to 4.5 GBit/s, security and surveillance, and similar applications.
文摘IEEE802.15.4 is the communication protocol meeting the requirements of short distance and low transmission rate, and achieving the objective of low power. The technique is an emerging wireless communication standard. It is a two-way wireless communication technology with short distance, low complexity, low power consumption and low data transmission rate and low cost. The paper analyzes the features, framework, performance indicators and overall hardware platform structure of JN5121 chip which is used in JENNIC Corporation. And the paper researches the characteristics of actual oroducts for project development.
基金Project supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education(No.2013R1A1A2005692)
文摘The use of IEEE 802.15.4 standard based application systems has been rapidly increasing, for example, in medical services, sensor networks, public safety systems, and home automation systems. However, issues arise from the fact that IEEE 802.15.4 standard based low rate wireless personal area networks(LR-WPANs) use the same frequency bands as wireless local area networks(WLANs), and they interfere with each other. Based on past research on this issue, the interference has a more serious impact on LR-WPANs' performance than on WLANs' performance. In this paper we propose a method to improve LR-WPANs' performance while coexisting with WLANs, which is called the reliable beacon transmission based medium access control(MAC) protocol. Since the reliability of a beacon frame is important, in this method, only the beacon frame is transmitted in interference-free channels, and the data packets are transmitted in interfered channels instead of abandoning the channels altogether. This method increases the reliability of beacon frames as well as overall channel utilizations. The effectiveness of the proposed method was evaluated through extensive simulations, and this paper proves that this method improves the performance of IEEE 802.15.4 based wireless sensor networks(WSNs) over WLANs' interferences.
基金supported by the MKE (The Ministry of Knowledge Economy), Korea, under the ITRC (Information Technology Research Center) support program supervised by the IITA (Institute for Information Technology Advancement)" under Grant No.IITA-2009-C1090-0902-0019
文摘Wireless personal area networks （WPANs） are formed in a relatively small area, and coordinator that serves as a central control device plays an important role in the operation and organization of a piconet. Typical applications of WPANs include home automation systems, security systems and health monitoring systems. In these types of systems, guaranteeing seamless connectivity is very important, and communications cannot take place when the coordinator malfunctions. Thus, in the case of a breakdown, it is necessary to elect a new coordinator as soon as possible. For this reason, a distributed coordinator election scheme （DCES） is proposed that considers not only QoS support but also network connectivity in an effort to avoid possible network partition. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can elect a new coordinator while maintaining QoS and guaranteeing connectivity for a limited period.
