AIM:To investigate the clinical significance of hepatic blood inflow occlusion without hemihepatic artery control (BIOwHAC) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS:Fifty-nine patients with HCC were ...AIM:To investigate the clinical significance of hepatic blood inflow occlusion without hemihepatic artery control (BIOwHAC) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS:Fifty-nine patients with HCC were divided into 3 groups based on the technique used for achieving hepatic vascular occlusion:group 1,vascular occlusion was achieved by the Pringle maneuver (n=20);group 2,by hemihepatic vascular occlusion (HVO) (n=20);and group 3,by BIOwHAC (n=19).We compared the procedures among the three groups in term of operation time,intraoperative bleeding,postoperative liver function,postoperative complications,and length of hospital stay.RESULTS:There were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) in age,sex,pathological diagnosis,preoperative Child's disease grade,hepatic function,and tumor size among the three groups.No intraoperative complications or deaths occurrred,and there were no significant intergroup differences (P > 0.05) in intraoperative bleeding,hepatic function change 3 and 7 d after operation,the incidence of complications,and length of hospital stay.BIOwHAC and Pringle maneuver required a significantly shorter operation time than HVO;the difference in the serum alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase levels before and 1 d after operation was more significant in the BIOwHAC and HVO groups than in the Pringle maneuver group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:BIOwHAC is convenient and safe;this technique causes slight hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury similar to HVO.展开更多
AIM To compare the operation time, blood loss, and early outcomes of acetabular components with and without the screw.METHODS Thirty patients who underwent cementless acetabular component with or without screw and who...AIM To compare the operation time, blood loss, and early outcomes of acetabular components with and without the screw.METHODS Thirty patients who underwent cementless acetabular component with or without screw and whose follow-up exceeded one year period in total hip arthroplasty were evaluated. A posterior approach was used in all surgical procedures by one experienced surgeon. Demographic data, operation time, intra-and postoperative blood loss volume, follow-up clinical score, cup migration, and osteolysis were recorded. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed for testing the normality of study data. Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the intergroup differences. A P-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS Acetabular components were used in 16(53.3%) patients with screw and 14(46.7%) without screw. After one year of follow-up, an osteolytic lesion of 3 mm was found in only one patient in the screw group. No cup migrationwas encountered. Intra-group mean Harris hip score significantly increased, but there was no significant intergroup difference. While the mean operation time of the screw group was 121.8 min(range; 95-140), it was 102.7 min(range; 80-120) in the no-screw group, and this difference was statistically significant(P = 0.002). The mean intraoperative/postoperative, and total blood loss were 556.6 mL(range: 350-800)/423.3 mL(range: 250-600), and 983.3 mL(range: 600-1350), respectively in the screw group; and 527 mL(range: 400-700)/456 mL(range: 230-600), and 983 mL(range: 630-1250), respectively in the no-screw group. The blood loss difference between the two groups was not significant. In the screw group, the operation time was 19.1 min longer than the no-screw group, and this difference was statistically significant.CONCLUSION Acetabular components with or without screw have similar results, but the use of screw increases the operation time significantly, while not changing the blood loss volume.展开更多
To remedy the defects of the existing research achievements,the dynamic vague region relations without kernel and the non-same-plane vague region relations without kernel based on the conception of the vague sets were...To remedy the defects of the existing research achievements,the dynamic vague region relations without kernel and the non-same-plane vague region relations without kernel based on the conception of the vague sets were studied systematically.The formalized definitions of the vague intersection set,the vague cut sets and vague region partition etc were given.Based on the vague sets,the eight vague region relations in the same plane and the ten vague region relations in the different plane were given.Furthermore,the coessential intersection and the heterogeneous intersection were proposed to simplify the representation for the dynamic vague region relations without kernel and the rotation-corresponding relations between the two kinds of the relations were also studied.The production in this paper laid the foundation for the applications and research of the vague region relations without kernel in the spatial database.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The clearance of propofol is very rapid, and its transformation takes place mainly in the liver. Some reports indicated extrahepatic clearance of the drug and that the lungs are the likely place where the ...BACKGROUND: The clearance of propofol is very rapid, and its transformation takes place mainly in the liver. Some reports indicated extrahepatic clearance of the drug and that the lungs are the likely place where the process occurs. This study was undertaken to compare the plasma concentrations of propofol both in the pulmonary and radial arteries after constant infusion during the dissection, anhepatic and reperfusion phases of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) without veno-venous bypass, attempting to investigate extrahepatic clearance and to determine whether the human lungs take part in the elimination of propofol. METHODS: Fifteen patients undergoing OLT without veno-venous bypass were enrolled in the study, and propofol was infused via a forearm vein at a rate of 2 mg· kg-1·h-1. Blood samples were simultaneously collected from pulmonary and radial arteries at the end of the first hepatic portal dissection (T0), at the clamping of the portal vein (T1), 30, and 60 minutes after the beginning of the anhepatic phase (T2, T3), and 30, 60, and 120 minutes after the unclamping of the new liver (T4, T5, T6). Plasma propofol concentrations were measured using a reversed- phase, high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection. RESULTS: The concentrations of plasma propofol in the pulmonary and radial arteries at T2 and T3 rose significantly compared with T0 and T1 (P<0.01) respectively. After reperfusion, the drug concentrations at T4, T5 and T6 decreased significantly compared with T2, T3 (P<0.01)respectively. There were no significant differences in plasma propofol concentrations between the pulmonary and radial arteries at any time points. CONCLUSIONS: Propofol is eliminated mainly by the liver, and also by extrahepatic organs. The lungs seem to be not a major site contributing to the extrahepatic metabolism of propofol in humans.展开更多
Introduction:?Worldwide increasing cesarean section rates are expected to have a parallel increase in the number of cases of Placenta Previa with all the expected complications, including pathologically adherent place...Introduction:?Worldwide increasing cesarean section rates are expected to have a parallel increase in the number of cases of Placenta Previa with all the expected complications, including pathologically adherent placenta. This morbidly adherent placenta constitutes a serious and possibly a life threatening complication. An efficient team capable for managing possible complicated situations will be able to reduce mortality and morbidity. Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate maternal outcome in cases of Placenta Previa with and without morbidly adherent placenta. Methods: Analysis of all pregnancies complicated by antepartum hemorrhage during the period from January 2013 to September 2017 at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) was done. Cases of Placenta Previa with gestational age > 28 weeks were included. They were classified into 2 groups;Group (A) included Placenta Previa cases without morbidly adherent placenta and Group (B) included cases with morbidly adherent placenta. Maternal outcomes were recorded. Results: Placenta Previa was the leading cause of antepartum hemorrhage constituting 76.8%, out of them 52% were unbooked. Morbidly adherent placenta constituted 13.5% of total Placenta Previa cases and was diagnosed prenatally in only 1 case. Morbidity rate in placenta previa patients with adherent placenta (Group B) was higher than in placenta previa without adherent placenta (Group A). We considered the occurrence of intrapartum hypovolemic shock, Intensive care unit admission, surgical complications and peripartum hysterectomy as parameters for morbidity. P value for hypovolemic shock was insignificant (P = 0.580), significant for Intensive care unit admission (P = 0.008), significant for surgical complications (P = 0.009) and significant for peripartum展开更多
It has been shown that a volume discharge is forming in non-uniform electric-field rough cathode and even anode without pre-ionization in SF6 and C2H6 mixtures. The discharge is presented with many diffuse channels at...It has been shown that a volume discharge is forming in non-uniform electric-field rough cathode and even anode without pre-ionization in SF6 and C2H6 mixtures. The discharge is presented with many diffuse channels attached to bright circular cathode spots that diverge towards the anode, with the channels overlapping, form a spatially uniform glow discharge. Self-Initiated Volume Discharge(SIVD) has been performed at a total mixture pressure up to 8 kPa and energy deposition up to 200 J/L. The experimental results indicate that Self-Sustained Volume Discharge(SSVD) in SF6 and C2H6 mixtures develops in the form of SIVD, which is promising for creation of high energy and pulse-periodic HF laser.展开更多
Active power filter (APF) using novel virtual line-flux-linkage oriented control strategy can not only realizes no phase-locked-loop (PLL) control, but also achieves a good inhibitory effect to interfere. However, the...Active power filter (APF) using novel virtual line-flux-linkage oriented control strategy can not only realizes no phase-locked-loop (PLL) control, but also achieves a good inhibitory effect to interfere. However, there are some problems in the conventional method, such as the error of amplitude, the shift of phase angle and the non-determinacy of initial oriented angle. In this paper, two one-order low-pass filters are adopted instead of the pure integrator in the virtual line-flux-linkage observer, which can steady the phase and amplitude. Furthermore, an original scheme of harmonics detection under the rotating coordinate is advanced based on the simplified space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) strategy. Meanwhile, by using the new SVPWM algorithm, the voltage space vector diagram of the three-level inverter can be simplified and applied into that of two-level inverter, and this makes the control for Neutral Point potential easier.展开更多
BACKGROUND Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection(RPLND)plays a diagnostic,therapeutic,and prognostic role in myriad urologic malignancies,including testicular carcinoma,renal cell carcinoma(RCC),and upper urinary trac...BACKGROUND Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection(RPLND)plays a diagnostic,therapeutic,and prognostic role in myriad urologic malignancies,including testicular carcinoma,renal cell carcinoma(RCC),and upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.RCC represents 2%of all cancers with approximately 25%of patients presenting with advanced disease.Clear cell RCC(CCRCC)is the most common RCC,accounting for 75%-80%of all RCC.CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old man presented with a history of benign prostatic hypertrophy.He was asymptomatic without any hematuria,pain,or other urinary symptoms.A computed tomography(CT)scan of the abdomen and pelvis showed a 1.8 cm left retroperitoneal lymph node.There was no evidence of renal pathology.A core biopsy was performed of the left para-aortic lymph node.Although the primary tumor site was unknown,the morphological and immunohistochemical features were most consistent with CCRCC.A RPLND was performed which revealed a single mass 5.5 cm in greatest dimension with extensive necrosis.The retroperitoneal lymph node was most compatible with CCRCC.A nephrectomy was not conducted as a renal mass had not been detected on any prior imaging studies.The patient did not receive any type of adjuvant therapy.The patient underwent surveillance with serial CT scans with contrast of the chest,abdomen,and pelvis for the next 5 years,all of which demonstrated no recurrent or metastatic disease and no evidence of retroperitoneal adenopathy.CONCLUSION Our unique case emphasizes the therapeutic role of metastasectomy in metastatic CCRCC even in the absence of primary tumor in the kidneys.展开更多
The Man Without a Temperament,one of Katherine Mansfield's classic short stories,is written in the modernist mode,without a set structure,and with many shifts in the narrative.
The safety and efficacy of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) has been reported by numerous large-scale studies. However, they do not address the issue of whether an intravenous (IV) is required for pediatric general ane...The safety and efficacy of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) has been reported by numerous large-scale studies. However, they do not address the issue of whether an intravenous (IV) is required for pediatric general anesthesia (GA) where access is challenging due to anatomical considerations and a lack of cooperation. The aims of this study are to determine whether pediatric GA by LMA without IV access affected placement rates, procedure times and rates of anesthetic complications. Children who met these criteria at the UIC Surgicenter in the two year period prior to August 30, 2005 were selected. A retrospective chart review was conducted to determine patient demographics, ASA class, procedure, placement success, IV placed if any, time to incision, and any anesthetic complications. 241 patients without IV access and 41 patients with IV access were included. No significant differences were found between the groups in the rates of LMA placement or anesthetic complications. Significant differences were found in times to incision overall and for ophthalmology exams under anesthesia and lacrimal duct probings. Pediatric GA by LMA without IV access demonstrated a similarly high placement rate, shorter procedure times and a low rate of complications in comparison with the control group.展开更多
In this paper, we extend the three-term recurrence relation for orthogonal polynomials associated with a probability distribution having a finite moment of all orders to a class of orthogonal functions associated with...In this paper, we extend the three-term recurrence relation for orthogonal polynomials associated with a probability distribution having a finite moment of all orders to a class of orthogonal functions associated with an infinitely divisible probability distribution µ?having a finite moments of order less or equal to four. An explicit expression of these functions will be given in term of the Lévy-Khintchine function of the measure?µ.展开更多
By using the complete discrimination system for the polynomial method, the classification of single traveling wave solutions to the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation without dissipation terms in p=2?is obtai...By using the complete discrimination system for the polynomial method, the classification of single traveling wave solutions to the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation without dissipation terms in p=2?is obtained.展开更多
By the complete discrimination system for polynomial method, we obtained the classification of single traveling wave solutions to the generalized strong nonlinear Boussinesq equation without dissipation terms in p=1.
The volvulus of the sigmoid is known since ancient Egypt. In the 5th century BC, hippocrates laid the foundations for its management. The first observation of this condition was not reported until 1836 by Von Rokitans...The volvulus of the sigmoid is known since ancient Egypt. In the 5th century BC, hippocrates laid the foundations for its management. The first observation of this condition was not reported until 1836 by Von Rokitansky, and then in 1859, Melchior described its physiopathological consequences. It was the Norwegian Brusgaard who reported, for the first time, in 1947, the effectiveness of a non-operative treatment. Purpose: Describe morbidity, mortality and the impact of co-morbidity factors on the choice of operative techniques. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study performed at the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes from January 2014 to December 2021. We included all patients operated for sigmoid volvulus without necrosis. The parameters studied were the comorbidity factor, surgical modalities, morbidity and mortality. Results: We collected 31 patients, of whom 29 were men and 2 were women, for a sex ratio of 14.5. The mean age was 55 years with extremes (29 - 78 years). Sigmoidectomy with colorectal anastomosis was performed in 19 cases (61.3%), the average age of these patients was 46.16 years, the comorbidity factor was 1 case (3.2%), the postoperative course was simple in 12 cases (63.1%), the morbidity was 6 cases (26.3%) and mortality 1 case (3.2%). Untwisting with colopexy was performed in 11 cases (35.5%), the average age was 65.91 years, comorbidities were present in 9 cases (82%), the postoperative course was simple in 9 cases (82%), morbidity was 1 case (9%) and mortality 1 case (9%). Hartman colostomy was performed in 1 case (3.2%), the age was 60 years, the morbidity was nil. Overall, the postoperative course was simple in 22 cases (71%), the overall morbidity was 7 cases (22.6%) and mortality 2 cases (6.4%). Conclusion: At the end of our study, we can note that the choice of the operative technique for the volvulus of the sigmoid without necrosis can be influenced by the presence of major comorbidity and the morbi-mortality depends on it.展开更多
Gas emissions are produced by each economic entity individually—whether they are a large industrial enterprise, a boiler-house or a household (dwelling house). At that, in addition to visible chimneys, there are a lo...Gas emissions are produced by each economic entity individually—whether they are a large industrial enterprise, a boiler-house or a household (dwelling house). At that, in addition to visible chimneys, there are a lot of hidden (unrecorded) sources of emissions in form of ventilation branch pipes. Communal systems for removal and reprocessing of wastes of two types: liquid (municipal sewage lines) and solid (collection and removal of wastes) are operated in populated localities. For the third type of waste—gaseous—a similarly municipal structure does not exist. For the time being there is no possibility for full system control and neutralization of dust and gas wastes because there is no system in the physical form which would enable comprehensive receipt of exit gases from all the city sources for further processing thereof. It is for the first time when a principally new holistic approach to cleaning/treatment of all city dust and gas emissions (wastes) is proposed which consists in creation of a City Communal Aspiration System (Municipal Aspiration System) containing a city communal aspiration network (gas outlets) for receipt/transportation of exhaust (flue) gases and a plant for utilization of such wastes connected to such network. In other words, it is proposed to organize a “City without Chimneys”. The proposed solution permits to remove mass unsystematic and uncontrolled emissions of environmentally harmful gas wastes in cities, reduce climate risks and make the transition to a new level of organization of environmental planning and management and, therefore, eliminates or principally simplifies many ecological difficulties and restrictions in urban planning (inseparably related to ecology) in sanitary rules and standards.展开更多
Aliphatic homo-polypeptoids of NAla, NVal, NIle and NLeu both in the presence and absence of protecting groups adopt helical structures without hydrogen bonds with Φ, Ψ values of ~ 0, ± 90° with trans amid...Aliphatic homo-polypeptoids of NAla, NVal, NIle and NLeu both in the presence and absence of protecting groups adopt helical structures without hydrogen bonds with Φ, Ψ values of ~ 0, ± 90° with trans amide bonds. These structures are stabilized by carbonyl-carbonyl interactions and characterized by ~ 3.16 residues per turn with a pitch of ~ 6.13 ?. It has been shown that like polyvaline and polyleucine peptides, poly-peptoids can also be exploited for the construction of potential surfactant like molecules by incorporating charged amino acid residues at the N terminal. A single-handed template with Φ, Ψ values of ~ 0, 90° can be attained by incorporating L-leu or L-val at the C-terminal of poly-NIle. Analysis of the simulation results in water as a function of time reveals that the opening of helical structures without hydrogen bonds takes place at sub-picosecond time scale starting from the N-terminal. This leads to the formation of collagen or inverse-collagen type structures (Φ, Ψ ~ -60, 145° and 60, -145° respectively) stabilized by interactions of water molecules with the backbone carbonyl groups.展开更多
In recent papers, Surana et al. presented internal polar non-classical Continuum theory in which velocity gradient tensor in its entirety was incorporated in the conservation and balance laws. Thus, this theory incorp...In recent papers, Surana et al. presented internal polar non-classical Continuum theory in which velocity gradient tensor in its entirety was incorporated in the conservation and balance laws. Thus, this theory incorporated symmetric part of the velocity gradient tensor (as done in classical theories) as well as skew symmetric part representing varying internal rotation rates between material points which when resisted by deforming continua result in dissipation (and/or storage) of mechanical work. This physics referred as internal polar physics is neglected in classical continuum theories but can be quite significant for some materials. In another recent paper Surana et al. presented ordered rate constitutive theories for internal polar non-classical fluent continua without memory derived using deviatoric Cauchy stress tensor and conjugate strain rate tensors of up to orders n and Cauchy moment tensor and its conjugate symmetric part of the first convected derivative of the rotation gradient tensor. In this constitutive theory higher order convected derivatives of the symmetric part of the rotation gradient tensor are assumed not to contribute to dissipation. Secondly, the skew symmetric part of the velocity gradient tensor is used as rotation rates to determine rate of rotation gradient tensor. This is an approximation to true convected time derivatives of the rotation gradient tensor. The resulting constitutive theory: (1) is incomplete as it neglects the second and higher order convected time derivatives of the symmetric part of the rotation gradient tensor;(2) first convected derivative of the symmetric part of the rotation gradient tensor as used by Surana et al. is only approximate;(3) has inconsistent treatment of dissipation due to Cauchy moment tensor when compared with the dissipation mechanism due to deviatoric part of symmetric Cauchy stress tensor in which convected time derivatives of up to order n are considered in the theory. The purpose of this paper is to present ordered rate constitutive theories for deviatoric Cauchy strain tensor, moment tensor and heat vector for thermofluids without memory in which convected time derivatives of strain tensors up to order n are conjugate with the Cauchy stress tensor and the convected time derivatives of the symmetric part of the rotation gradient tensor up to orders 1n are conjugate with the moment tensor. Conservation and balance laws are used to determine the choice of dependent variables in the constitutive theories: Helmholtz free energy density Φ, entropy density η, Cauchy stress tensor, moment tensor and heat vector. Stress tensor is decomposed into symmetric and skew symmetric parts and the symmetric part of the stress tensor and the moment tensor are further decomposed into equilibrium and deviatoric tensors. It is established through conjugate pairs in entropy inequality that the constitutive theories only need to be derived for symmetric stress tensor, moment tensor and heat vector. Density in the current configuration, convected time derivatives of the strain tensor up to order n, convected time derivatives of the symmetric part of the rotation gradient tensor up to orders 1n, temperature gradient tensor and temperature are considered as argument tensors of all dependent variables in the constitutive theories based on entropy inequality and principle of equipresence. The constitutive theories are derived in contravariant and covariant bases as well as using Jaumann rates. The nth and 1nth order rate constitutive theories for internal polar non-classical thermofluids without memory are specialized for n = 1 and 1n = 1 to demonstrate fundamental differences in the constitutive theories presented here and those used presently for classical thermofluids without memory and those published by Surana et al. for internal polar non-classical incompressible thermofluids.展开更多
In this paper, the problem of nonparametric estimation of finite population quantile function using multiplicative bias correction technique is considered. A robust estimator of the finite population quantile function...In this paper, the problem of nonparametric estimation of finite population quantile function using multiplicative bias correction technique is considered. A robust estimator of the finite population quantile function based on multiplicative bias correction is derived with the aid of a super population model. Most studies have concentrated on kernel smoothers in the estimation of regression functions. This technique has also been applied to various methods of non-parametric estimation of the finite population quantile already under review. A major problem with the use of nonparametric kernel-based regression over a finite interval, such as the estimation of finite population quantities, is bias at boundary points. By correcting the boundary problems associated with previous model-based estimators, the multiplicative bias corrected estimator produced better results in estimating the finite population quantile function. Furthermore, the asymptotic behavior of the proposed estimators </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">is</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> presented</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">It is observed that the estimator is asymptotically unbiased and statistically consistent when certain conditions are satisfied. The simulation results show that the suggested estimator is quite well in terms of relative bias, mean squared error, and relative root mean error. As a result, the multiplicative bias corrected estimator is strongly suggested for survey sampling estimation of the finite population quantile function.展开更多
In this paper,approaches are developed to delineate the potential seismic source regions of moderately strong earthquakes that do not have clear seismotectonic settings.Based on comprehensive analysis of regional tect...In this paper,approaches are developed to delineate the potential seismic source regions of moderately strong earthquakes that do not have clear seismotectonic settings.Based on comprehensive analysis of regional tectonic backgrounds and seismicity,the data,such as isoseisrnals,spatial distribution of after shocks,regional tectonic stress field,and focal mechanisms,are employed for the delineation of the potential seismic source regions.The reliability of such potential seismic source regions is also discussed.展开更多
基金Supported by The Inner Mongolia Science Foundation,Grant No.2009BS1103
文摘AIM:To investigate the clinical significance of hepatic blood inflow occlusion without hemihepatic artery control (BIOwHAC) in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS:Fifty-nine patients with HCC were divided into 3 groups based on the technique used for achieving hepatic vascular occlusion:group 1,vascular occlusion was achieved by the Pringle maneuver (n=20);group 2,by hemihepatic vascular occlusion (HVO) (n=20);and group 3,by BIOwHAC (n=19).We compared the procedures among the three groups in term of operation time,intraoperative bleeding,postoperative liver function,postoperative complications,and length of hospital stay.RESULTS:There were no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) in age,sex,pathological diagnosis,preoperative Child's disease grade,hepatic function,and tumor size among the three groups.No intraoperative complications or deaths occurrred,and there were no significant intergroup differences (P > 0.05) in intraoperative bleeding,hepatic function change 3 and 7 d after operation,the incidence of complications,and length of hospital stay.BIOwHAC and Pringle maneuver required a significantly shorter operation time than HVO;the difference in the serum alanine aminotransferase or aspartate aminotransferase levels before and 1 d after operation was more significant in the BIOwHAC and HVO groups than in the Pringle maneuver group (P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:BIOwHAC is convenient and safe;this technique causes slight hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury similar to HVO.
文摘AIM To compare the operation time, blood loss, and early outcomes of acetabular components with and without the screw.METHODS Thirty patients who underwent cementless acetabular component with or without screw and whose follow-up exceeded one year period in total hip arthroplasty were evaluated. A posterior approach was used in all surgical procedures by one experienced surgeon. Demographic data, operation time, intra-and postoperative blood loss volume, follow-up clinical score, cup migration, and osteolysis were recorded. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed for testing the normality of study data. Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the intergroup differences. A P-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTS Acetabular components were used in 16(53.3%) patients with screw and 14(46.7%) without screw. After one year of follow-up, an osteolytic lesion of 3 mm was found in only one patient in the screw group. No cup migrationwas encountered. Intra-group mean Harris hip score significantly increased, but there was no significant intergroup difference. While the mean operation time of the screw group was 121.8 min(range; 95-140), it was 102.7 min(range; 80-120) in the no-screw group, and this difference was statistically significant(P = 0.002). The mean intraoperative/postoperative, and total blood loss were 556.6 mL(range: 350-800)/423.3 mL(range: 250-600), and 983.3 mL(range: 600-1350), respectively in the screw group; and 527 mL(range: 400-700)/456 mL(range: 230-600), and 983 mL(range: 630-1250), respectively in the no-screw group. The blood loss difference between the two groups was not significant. In the screw group, the operation time was 19.1 min longer than the no-screw group, and this difference was statistically significant.CONCLUSION Acetabular components with or without screw have similar results, but the use of screw increases the operation time significantly, while not changing the blood loss volume.
基金Sponsored by the Science and Tecnology Research Project of Education Department Heilongjiang Province(Grant No.11551084)
文摘To remedy the defects of the existing research achievements,the dynamic vague region relations without kernel and the non-same-plane vague region relations without kernel based on the conception of the vague sets were studied systematically.The formalized definitions of the vague intersection set,the vague cut sets and vague region partition etc were given.Based on the vague sets,the eight vague region relations in the same plane and the ten vague region relations in the different plane were given.Furthermore,the coessential intersection and the heterogeneous intersection were proposed to simplify the representation for the dynamic vague region relations without kernel and the rotation-corresponding relations between the two kinds of the relations were also studied.The production in this paper laid the foundation for the applications and research of the vague region relations without kernel in the spatial database.
文摘BACKGROUND: The clearance of propofol is very rapid, and its transformation takes place mainly in the liver. Some reports indicated extrahepatic clearance of the drug and that the lungs are the likely place where the process occurs. This study was undertaken to compare the plasma concentrations of propofol both in the pulmonary and radial arteries after constant infusion during the dissection, anhepatic and reperfusion phases of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) without veno-venous bypass, attempting to investigate extrahepatic clearance and to determine whether the human lungs take part in the elimination of propofol. METHODS: Fifteen patients undergoing OLT without veno-venous bypass were enrolled in the study, and propofol was infused via a forearm vein at a rate of 2 mg· kg-1·h-1. Blood samples were simultaneously collected from pulmonary and radial arteries at the end of the first hepatic portal dissection (T0), at the clamping of the portal vein (T1), 30, and 60 minutes after the beginning of the anhepatic phase (T2, T3), and 30, 60, and 120 minutes after the unclamping of the new liver (T4, T5, T6). Plasma propofol concentrations were measured using a reversed- phase, high-performance liquid chromatographic method with fluorescence detection. RESULTS: The concentrations of plasma propofol in the pulmonary and radial arteries at T2 and T3 rose significantly compared with T0 and T1 (P<0.01) respectively. After reperfusion, the drug concentrations at T4, T5 and T6 decreased significantly compared with T2, T3 (P<0.01)respectively. There were no significant differences in plasma propofol concentrations between the pulmonary and radial arteries at any time points. CONCLUSIONS: Propofol is eliminated mainly by the liver, and also by extrahepatic organs. The lungs seem to be not a major site contributing to the extrahepatic metabolism of propofol in humans.
文摘Introduction:?Worldwide increasing cesarean section rates are expected to have a parallel increase in the number of cases of Placenta Previa with all the expected complications, including pathologically adherent placenta. This morbidly adherent placenta constitutes a serious and possibly a life threatening complication. An efficient team capable for managing possible complicated situations will be able to reduce mortality and morbidity. Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate maternal outcome in cases of Placenta Previa with and without morbidly adherent placenta. Methods: Analysis of all pregnancies complicated by antepartum hemorrhage during the period from January 2013 to September 2017 at King Abdul-Aziz University Hospital (KAUH), Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) was done. Cases of Placenta Previa with gestational age > 28 weeks were included. They were classified into 2 groups;Group (A) included Placenta Previa cases without morbidly adherent placenta and Group (B) included cases with morbidly adherent placenta. Maternal outcomes were recorded. Results: Placenta Previa was the leading cause of antepartum hemorrhage constituting 76.8%, out of them 52% were unbooked. Morbidly adherent placenta constituted 13.5% of total Placenta Previa cases and was diagnosed prenatally in only 1 case. Morbidity rate in placenta previa patients with adherent placenta (Group B) was higher than in placenta previa without adherent placenta (Group A). We considered the occurrence of intrapartum hypovolemic shock, Intensive care unit admission, surgical complications and peripartum hysterectomy as parameters for morbidity. P value for hypovolemic shock was insignificant (P = 0.580), significant for Intensive care unit admission (P = 0.008), significant for surgical complications (P = 0.009) and significant for peripartum
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Fundation of China(Nos.60708005,1178029)
文摘It has been shown that a volume discharge is forming in non-uniform electric-field rough cathode and even anode without pre-ionization in SF6 and C2H6 mixtures. The discharge is presented with many diffuse channels attached to bright circular cathode spots that diverge towards the anode, with the channels overlapping, form a spatially uniform glow discharge. Self-Initiated Volume Discharge(SIVD) has been performed at a total mixture pressure up to 8 kPa and energy deposition up to 200 J/L. The experimental results indicate that Self-Sustained Volume Discharge(SSVD) in SF6 and C2H6 mixtures develops in the form of SIVD, which is promising for creation of high energy and pulse-periodic HF laser.
文摘Active power filter (APF) using novel virtual line-flux-linkage oriented control strategy can not only realizes no phase-locked-loop (PLL) control, but also achieves a good inhibitory effect to interfere. However, there are some problems in the conventional method, such as the error of amplitude, the shift of phase angle and the non-determinacy of initial oriented angle. In this paper, two one-order low-pass filters are adopted instead of the pure integrator in the virtual line-flux-linkage observer, which can steady the phase and amplitude. Furthermore, an original scheme of harmonics detection under the rotating coordinate is advanced based on the simplified space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) strategy. Meanwhile, by using the new SVPWM algorithm, the voltage space vector diagram of the three-level inverter can be simplified and applied into that of two-level inverter, and this makes the control for Neutral Point potential easier.
文摘BACKGROUND Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection(RPLND)plays a diagnostic,therapeutic,and prognostic role in myriad urologic malignancies,including testicular carcinoma,renal cell carcinoma(RCC),and upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.RCC represents 2%of all cancers with approximately 25%of patients presenting with advanced disease.Clear cell RCC(CCRCC)is the most common RCC,accounting for 75%-80%of all RCC.CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old man presented with a history of benign prostatic hypertrophy.He was asymptomatic without any hematuria,pain,or other urinary symptoms.A computed tomography(CT)scan of the abdomen and pelvis showed a 1.8 cm left retroperitoneal lymph node.There was no evidence of renal pathology.A core biopsy was performed of the left para-aortic lymph node.Although the primary tumor site was unknown,the morphological and immunohistochemical features were most consistent with CCRCC.A RPLND was performed which revealed a single mass 5.5 cm in greatest dimension with extensive necrosis.The retroperitoneal lymph node was most compatible with CCRCC.A nephrectomy was not conducted as a renal mass had not been detected on any prior imaging studies.The patient did not receive any type of adjuvant therapy.The patient underwent surveillance with serial CT scans with contrast of the chest,abdomen,and pelvis for the next 5 years,all of which demonstrated no recurrent or metastatic disease and no evidence of retroperitoneal adenopathy.CONCLUSION Our unique case emphasizes the therapeutic role of metastasectomy in metastatic CCRCC even in the absence of primary tumor in the kidneys.
文摘The Man Without a Temperament,one of Katherine Mansfield's classic short stories,is written in the modernist mode,without a set structure,and with many shifts in the narrative.
文摘The safety and efficacy of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) has been reported by numerous large-scale studies. However, they do not address the issue of whether an intravenous (IV) is required for pediatric general anesthesia (GA) where access is challenging due to anatomical considerations and a lack of cooperation. The aims of this study are to determine whether pediatric GA by LMA without IV access affected placement rates, procedure times and rates of anesthetic complications. Children who met these criteria at the UIC Surgicenter in the two year period prior to August 30, 2005 were selected. A retrospective chart review was conducted to determine patient demographics, ASA class, procedure, placement success, IV placed if any, time to incision, and any anesthetic complications. 241 patients without IV access and 41 patients with IV access were included. No significant differences were found between the groups in the rates of LMA placement or anesthetic complications. Significant differences were found in times to incision overall and for ophthalmology exams under anesthesia and lacrimal duct probings. Pediatric GA by LMA without IV access demonstrated a similarly high placement rate, shorter procedure times and a low rate of complications in comparison with the control group.
文摘In this paper, we extend the three-term recurrence relation for orthogonal polynomials associated with a probability distribution having a finite moment of all orders to a class of orthogonal functions associated with an infinitely divisible probability distribution µ?having a finite moments of order less or equal to four. An explicit expression of these functions will be given in term of the Lévy-Khintchine function of the measure?µ.
文摘By using the complete discrimination system for the polynomial method, the classification of single traveling wave solutions to the generalized Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation without dissipation terms in p=2?is obtained.
文摘By the complete discrimination system for polynomial method, we obtained the classification of single traveling wave solutions to the generalized strong nonlinear Boussinesq equation without dissipation terms in p=1.
文摘The volvulus of the sigmoid is known since ancient Egypt. In the 5th century BC, hippocrates laid the foundations for its management. The first observation of this condition was not reported until 1836 by Von Rokitansky, and then in 1859, Melchior described its physiopathological consequences. It was the Norwegian Brusgaard who reported, for the first time, in 1947, the effectiveness of a non-operative treatment. Purpose: Describe morbidity, mortality and the impact of co-morbidity factors on the choice of operative techniques. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study performed at the Fousseyni Daou Hospital in Kayes from January 2014 to December 2021. We included all patients operated for sigmoid volvulus without necrosis. The parameters studied were the comorbidity factor, surgical modalities, morbidity and mortality. Results: We collected 31 patients, of whom 29 were men and 2 were women, for a sex ratio of 14.5. The mean age was 55 years with extremes (29 - 78 years). Sigmoidectomy with colorectal anastomosis was performed in 19 cases (61.3%), the average age of these patients was 46.16 years, the comorbidity factor was 1 case (3.2%), the postoperative course was simple in 12 cases (63.1%), the morbidity was 6 cases (26.3%) and mortality 1 case (3.2%). Untwisting with colopexy was performed in 11 cases (35.5%), the average age was 65.91 years, comorbidities were present in 9 cases (82%), the postoperative course was simple in 9 cases (82%), morbidity was 1 case (9%) and mortality 1 case (9%). Hartman colostomy was performed in 1 case (3.2%), the age was 60 years, the morbidity was nil. Overall, the postoperative course was simple in 22 cases (71%), the overall morbidity was 7 cases (22.6%) and mortality 2 cases (6.4%). Conclusion: At the end of our study, we can note that the choice of the operative technique for the volvulus of the sigmoid without necrosis can be influenced by the presence of major comorbidity and the morbi-mortality depends on it.
文摘Gas emissions are produced by each economic entity individually—whether they are a large industrial enterprise, a boiler-house or a household (dwelling house). At that, in addition to visible chimneys, there are a lot of hidden (unrecorded) sources of emissions in form of ventilation branch pipes. Communal systems for removal and reprocessing of wastes of two types: liquid (municipal sewage lines) and solid (collection and removal of wastes) are operated in populated localities. For the third type of waste—gaseous—a similarly municipal structure does not exist. For the time being there is no possibility for full system control and neutralization of dust and gas wastes because there is no system in the physical form which would enable comprehensive receipt of exit gases from all the city sources for further processing thereof. It is for the first time when a principally new holistic approach to cleaning/treatment of all city dust and gas emissions (wastes) is proposed which consists in creation of a City Communal Aspiration System (Municipal Aspiration System) containing a city communal aspiration network (gas outlets) for receipt/transportation of exhaust (flue) gases and a plant for utilization of such wastes connected to such network. In other words, it is proposed to organize a “City without Chimneys”. The proposed solution permits to remove mass unsystematic and uncontrolled emissions of environmentally harmful gas wastes in cities, reduce climate risks and make the transition to a new level of organization of environmental planning and management and, therefore, eliminates or principally simplifies many ecological difficulties and restrictions in urban planning (inseparably related to ecology) in sanitary rules and standards.
文摘Aliphatic homo-polypeptoids of NAla, NVal, NIle and NLeu both in the presence and absence of protecting groups adopt helical structures without hydrogen bonds with Φ, Ψ values of ~ 0, ± 90° with trans amide bonds. These structures are stabilized by carbonyl-carbonyl interactions and characterized by ~ 3.16 residues per turn with a pitch of ~ 6.13 ?. It has been shown that like polyvaline and polyleucine peptides, poly-peptoids can also be exploited for the construction of potential surfactant like molecules by incorporating charged amino acid residues at the N terminal. A single-handed template with Φ, Ψ values of ~ 0, 90° can be attained by incorporating L-leu or L-val at the C-terminal of poly-NIle. Analysis of the simulation results in water as a function of time reveals that the opening of helical structures without hydrogen bonds takes place at sub-picosecond time scale starting from the N-terminal. This leads to the formation of collagen or inverse-collagen type structures (Φ, Ψ ~ -60, 145° and 60, -145° respectively) stabilized by interactions of water molecules with the backbone carbonyl groups.
文摘In recent papers, Surana et al. presented internal polar non-classical Continuum theory in which velocity gradient tensor in its entirety was incorporated in the conservation and balance laws. Thus, this theory incorporated symmetric part of the velocity gradient tensor (as done in classical theories) as well as skew symmetric part representing varying internal rotation rates between material points which when resisted by deforming continua result in dissipation (and/or storage) of mechanical work. This physics referred as internal polar physics is neglected in classical continuum theories but can be quite significant for some materials. In another recent paper Surana et al. presented ordered rate constitutive theories for internal polar non-classical fluent continua without memory derived using deviatoric Cauchy stress tensor and conjugate strain rate tensors of up to orders n and Cauchy moment tensor and its conjugate symmetric part of the first convected derivative of the rotation gradient tensor. In this constitutive theory higher order convected derivatives of the symmetric part of the rotation gradient tensor are assumed not to contribute to dissipation. Secondly, the skew symmetric part of the velocity gradient tensor is used as rotation rates to determine rate of rotation gradient tensor. This is an approximation to true convected time derivatives of the rotation gradient tensor. The resulting constitutive theory: (1) is incomplete as it neglects the second and higher order convected time derivatives of the symmetric part of the rotation gradient tensor;(2) first convected derivative of the symmetric part of the rotation gradient tensor as used by Surana et al. is only approximate;(3) has inconsistent treatment of dissipation due to Cauchy moment tensor when compared with the dissipation mechanism due to deviatoric part of symmetric Cauchy stress tensor in which convected time derivatives of up to order n are considered in the theory. The purpose of this paper is to present ordered rate constitutive theories for deviatoric Cauchy strain tensor, moment tensor and heat vector for thermofluids without memory in which convected time derivatives of strain tensors up to order n are conjugate with the Cauchy stress tensor and the convected time derivatives of the symmetric part of the rotation gradient tensor up to orders 1n are conjugate with the moment tensor. Conservation and balance laws are used to determine the choice of dependent variables in the constitutive theories: Helmholtz free energy density Φ, entropy density η, Cauchy stress tensor, moment tensor and heat vector. Stress tensor is decomposed into symmetric and skew symmetric parts and the symmetric part of the stress tensor and the moment tensor are further decomposed into equilibrium and deviatoric tensors. It is established through conjugate pairs in entropy inequality that the constitutive theories only need to be derived for symmetric stress tensor, moment tensor and heat vector. Density in the current configuration, convected time derivatives of the strain tensor up to order n, convected time derivatives of the symmetric part of the rotation gradient tensor up to orders 1n, temperature gradient tensor and temperature are considered as argument tensors of all dependent variables in the constitutive theories based on entropy inequality and principle of equipresence. The constitutive theories are derived in contravariant and covariant bases as well as using Jaumann rates. The nth and 1nth order rate constitutive theories for internal polar non-classical thermofluids without memory are specialized for n = 1 and 1n = 1 to demonstrate fundamental differences in the constitutive theories presented here and those used presently for classical thermofluids without memory and those published by Surana et al. for internal polar non-classical incompressible thermofluids.
文摘In this paper, the problem of nonparametric estimation of finite population quantile function using multiplicative bias correction technique is considered. A robust estimator of the finite population quantile function based on multiplicative bias correction is derived with the aid of a super population model. Most studies have concentrated on kernel smoothers in the estimation of regression functions. This technique has also been applied to various methods of non-parametric estimation of the finite population quantile already under review. A major problem with the use of nonparametric kernel-based regression over a finite interval, such as the estimation of finite population quantities, is bias at boundary points. By correcting the boundary problems associated with previous model-based estimators, the multiplicative bias corrected estimator produced better results in estimating the finite population quantile function. Furthermore, the asymptotic behavior of the proposed estimators </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">is</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> presented</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">It is observed that the estimator is asymptotically unbiased and statistically consistent when certain conditions are satisfied. The simulation results show that the suggested estimator is quite well in terms of relative bias, mean squared error, and relative root mean error. As a result, the multiplicative bias corrected estimator is strongly suggested for survey sampling estimation of the finite population quantile function.
文摘In this paper,approaches are developed to delineate the potential seismic source regions of moderately strong earthquakes that do not have clear seismotectonic settings.Based on comprehensive analysis of regional tectonic backgrounds and seismicity,the data,such as isoseisrnals,spatial distribution of after shocks,regional tectonic stress field,and focal mechanisms,are employed for the delineation of the potential seismic source regions.The reliability of such potential seismic source regions is also discussed.
