病毒性脑炎作为影响世界公共卫生的主要疾病之一,是一种严重的中枢神经系统感染。白细胞计数的升高通常与感染和炎症相关,PCT是一种在感染时血浆中浓度升高的蛋白质,IL-6在急性炎症中起着重要作用,S100蛋白则往往代表了神经损伤和炎症...病毒性脑炎作为影响世界公共卫生的主要疾病之一,是一种严重的中枢神经系统感染。白细胞计数的升高通常与感染和炎症相关,PCT是一种在感染时血浆中浓度升高的蛋白质,IL-6在急性炎症中起着重要作用,S100蛋白则往往代表了神经损伤和炎症。在病毒性脑炎中,上述指标均可能发生变化。现本文对上述指标与重症病毒性脑炎的相关性做简要综述,以期为重症病毒性脑炎早期识别提供更多依据。Viral encephalitis, as one of the major diseases affecting global public health, is a serious central nervous system infection. The increase in white blood cell count is usually associated with infection and inflammation. PCT is a protein that increases in concentration in the plasma during infection, IL-6 plays an important role in acute inflammation, and S100 protein often represents nerve damage and inflammation. In viral encephalitis, the above indicators may undergo changes. This article provides a brief review of the correlation between the above indicators and severe viral encephalitis, in order to provide more evidence for early identification of severe viral encephalitis.展开更多
淋巴细胞计数通常反应了机体的细胞免疫功能,C反应蛋白则在受到感染或组织损伤时可反应体内的炎症情况,血小板变化也与机体的炎症和损伤有密切联系,三者均与重症肺炎有着密切的关系,是血常规中的常见指标。特别是淋巴细胞计数、CRP、血...淋巴细胞计数通常反应了机体的细胞免疫功能,C反应蛋白则在受到感染或组织损伤时可反应体内的炎症情况,血小板变化也与机体的炎症和损伤有密切联系,三者均与重症肺炎有着密切的关系,是血常规中的常见指标。特别是淋巴细胞计数、CRP、血小板三者的联合检测的价值,常常更优于单项指标。现本文对淋巴细胞计数、CRP、血小板计数,及三者联合检测与重症肺炎的关系做简要综述,以期为重症肺炎早期识别提供更多依据。Lymphocyte count usually reflects cellular immune function, C-reactive protein is a protein that rapidly increases in plasma when the body is infected or tissue damaged, and platelet changes reflect the body’s inflammatory response and damage. All three are closely related to severe pneumonia and are common indicators in blood routine. Especially, the combined detection of lymphocyte count, CRP, and platelets is often more valuable than individual indicators. This article provides a brief review of the relationship between lymphocyte count, CRP, platelet count, and their combined detection with severe pneumonia, in order to provide more evidence for early identification of severe pneumonia.展开更多
急性胆囊炎是常见的急腹症之一。近年来,随着微创技术的进步和外科医师腹腔镜水平的提升,腹腔镜下胆囊切除术已成为治疗急性胆囊炎的金标准,因其创伤小、操作简单、术后恢复快而备受推崇。但对于高龄、合并严重基础疾病的高危患者而言,...急性胆囊炎是常见的急腹症之一。近年来,随着微创技术的进步和外科医师腹腔镜水平的提升,腹腔镜下胆囊切除术已成为治疗急性胆囊炎的金标准,因其创伤小、操作简单、术后恢复快而备受推崇。但对于高龄、合并严重基础疾病的高危患者而言,急诊行LC存在着较高的手术风险。超声引导下经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术能够有效减轻胆囊压力、迅速缓解感染症状,目前已逐渐成为有手术禁忌的患者首选的治疗措施。本文对PTGBD的现状和问题进行综述,并对其未来前景进行讨论。Acute cholecystitis is one of the common acute abdominal diseases. In recent years, with the advancement of minimally invasive technology and the improvement of surgeons’ laparoscopic level, laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the gold standard for the treatment of acute cholecystitis, which is highly respected because of its small trauma, simple operation, and fast postoperative recovery. However, for high-risk patients of advanced age and combined with severe underlying diseases, there is a high surgical risk of performing LC in emergency. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder puncture and drainage (PTGBD) can effectively reduce gallbladder pressure and rapidly alleviate the symptoms of infection, and has gradually become the preferred therapeutic measure for patients with contraindications to surgery. This article reviews the current status and problems of PTGBD and discusses its future prospects.展开更多
目前,我国集合不足型间歇性外斜视(CI-IXT)患病率逐年增加,其治疗方法包括手术治疗和非手术治疗,而手术治疗是主要的治疗方式。本文通过回顾分析近年来对于CI-IXT的临床研究及相关成果,从流行病学、发病机制、非手术治疗及手术治疗等方...目前,我国集合不足型间歇性外斜视(CI-IXT)患病率逐年增加,其治疗方法包括手术治疗和非手术治疗,而手术治疗是主要的治疗方式。本文通过回顾分析近年来对于CI-IXT的临床研究及相关成果,从流行病学、发病机制、非手术治疗及手术治疗等方面出发,为CI-IXT的治疗作一综述,希望为临床工作中CI-IXT治疗方案的选择提供帮助。At present, the prevalence rate of convergence insufficiency-type intermittent exotropia (CI-IXT) is increasing year by year in our country. The treatment methods include the operation treatment and non-surgical treatment, while the operation treatment is the main treatment. By reviewing the clinical research and related results of CI-IXT in recent years, this article reviews the treatment of CI-IXT from the aspects of epidemiology, pathogenesis, non-surgical treatment and operative treatment, hoping to provide help for the selection of CI-IXT treatment in clinical work.展开更多
百日咳是一种由百日咳杆菌感染引起的急性呼吸道传染病,患者可表现为阵发性痉挛性咳嗽,且伴有深长的“鸡鸣”样吸气性吼声,严重者会引起死亡。尽管许多因素与百日咳存在联系,但百日咳患者加重的危险因素仍不完全清楚。本文综合国内外相...百日咳是一种由百日咳杆菌感染引起的急性呼吸道传染病,患者可表现为阵发性痉挛性咳嗽,且伴有深长的“鸡鸣”样吸气性吼声,严重者会引起死亡。尽管许多因素与百日咳存在联系,但百日咳患者加重的危险因素仍不完全清楚。本文综合国内外相关研究,总结百日咳患者加重的相关危险因素,对百日咳的早期预防及治疗具有重要意义。 Pertussis is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by infection with Bordetella pertussis, The patient may present with paroxysmal spasmodic cough, and accompanied by a deep and long chicken like inspiratory roar, Severe cases can cause death. Although many factors are associated with pertussis, the risk factors for worsening pertussis in patients are still not fully understood. This article combines relevant research from both domestic and international sources, and summarizes the related risk factors for worsening pertussis in patients, early prevention and treatment of pertussis are of great significance.展开更多
目的:本文对呼出气一氧化氮检测与慢性阻塞性肺疾病的相关性进行系统综述,以期为本病相关研究的开展提供参考。方法:本文通过以“慢性阻塞性肺疾病、呼出气一氧化氮、气道炎症、嗜酸性粒细胞、肺功能、吸烟、糖皮质激素”等为关键词,检...目的:本文对呼出气一氧化氮检测与慢性阻塞性肺疾病的相关性进行系统综述,以期为本病相关研究的开展提供参考。方法:本文通过以“慢性阻塞性肺疾病、呼出气一氧化氮、气道炎症、嗜酸性粒细胞、肺功能、吸烟、糖皮质激素”等为关键词,检索2016年至2024年期间中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed数据库中相关文献,并进行归纳总结。结果:呼出气一氧化氮检测作为一种操作方便、可重复性高、非侵入性的检测方法,有助于反映气道炎症程度、预测慢阻肺患者急性加重的风险、辅助和鉴别诊断慢阻肺、预测激素治疗效果和评估预后。结论:FeNO检测在一定程度上有助于慢阻肺患者的病情评估、临床诊疗以及预后,具有较大的临床意义,值得推广使用。Objective: To systematically review the correlation between fraction of exhaled nitric oxide detection and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in order to provide reference for the development of related research on this disease. Methods: Using “chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, airway inflammation, eosinophils, lung function, smoking, glucocorticoids” as keywords, the relevant literatures in CNI, Wanfang, VIP and PubMed databases from 2016 to 2024 were searched and summarized. Results: Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, as a convenient, reproducible and non-invasive test, can help to reflect the degree of airway inflammation, predict the risk of acute exacerbation in patients with COPD, assist and differentiate the diagnosis of COPD, predict the effect of hormone therapy, and evaluate prognosis. Conclusion: Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide detection is helpful to the assessment, clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of COPD patients to a certain extent, which has great clinical significance and is worth promoting.展开更多
文摘病毒性脑炎作为影响世界公共卫生的主要疾病之一,是一种严重的中枢神经系统感染。白细胞计数的升高通常与感染和炎症相关,PCT是一种在感染时血浆中浓度升高的蛋白质,IL-6在急性炎症中起着重要作用,S100蛋白则往往代表了神经损伤和炎症。在病毒性脑炎中,上述指标均可能发生变化。现本文对上述指标与重症病毒性脑炎的相关性做简要综述,以期为重症病毒性脑炎早期识别提供更多依据。Viral encephalitis, as one of the major diseases affecting global public health, is a serious central nervous system infection. The increase in white blood cell count is usually associated with infection and inflammation. PCT is a protein that increases in concentration in the plasma during infection, IL-6 plays an important role in acute inflammation, and S100 protein often represents nerve damage and inflammation. In viral encephalitis, the above indicators may undergo changes. This article provides a brief review of the correlation between the above indicators and severe viral encephalitis, in order to provide more evidence for early identification of severe viral encephalitis.
文摘淋巴细胞计数通常反应了机体的细胞免疫功能,C反应蛋白则在受到感染或组织损伤时可反应体内的炎症情况,血小板变化也与机体的炎症和损伤有密切联系,三者均与重症肺炎有着密切的关系,是血常规中的常见指标。特别是淋巴细胞计数、CRP、血小板三者的联合检测的价值,常常更优于单项指标。现本文对淋巴细胞计数、CRP、血小板计数,及三者联合检测与重症肺炎的关系做简要综述,以期为重症肺炎早期识别提供更多依据。Lymphocyte count usually reflects cellular immune function, C-reactive protein is a protein that rapidly increases in plasma when the body is infected or tissue damaged, and platelet changes reflect the body’s inflammatory response and damage. All three are closely related to severe pneumonia and are common indicators in blood routine. Especially, the combined detection of lymphocyte count, CRP, and platelets is often more valuable than individual indicators. This article provides a brief review of the relationship between lymphocyte count, CRP, platelet count, and their combined detection with severe pneumonia, in order to provide more evidence for early identification of severe pneumonia.
文摘急性胆囊炎是常见的急腹症之一。近年来,随着微创技术的进步和外科医师腹腔镜水平的提升,腹腔镜下胆囊切除术已成为治疗急性胆囊炎的金标准,因其创伤小、操作简单、术后恢复快而备受推崇。但对于高龄、合并严重基础疾病的高危患者而言,急诊行LC存在着较高的手术风险。超声引导下经皮经肝胆囊穿刺引流术能够有效减轻胆囊压力、迅速缓解感染症状,目前已逐渐成为有手术禁忌的患者首选的治疗措施。本文对PTGBD的现状和问题进行综述,并对其未来前景进行讨论。Acute cholecystitis is one of the common acute abdominal diseases. In recent years, with the advancement of minimally invasive technology and the improvement of surgeons’ laparoscopic level, laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the gold standard for the treatment of acute cholecystitis, which is highly respected because of its small trauma, simple operation, and fast postoperative recovery. However, for high-risk patients of advanced age and combined with severe underlying diseases, there is a high surgical risk of performing LC in emergency. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder puncture and drainage (PTGBD) can effectively reduce gallbladder pressure and rapidly alleviate the symptoms of infection, and has gradually become the preferred therapeutic measure for patients with contraindications to surgery. This article reviews the current status and problems of PTGBD and discusses its future prospects.
文摘目前,我国集合不足型间歇性外斜视(CI-IXT)患病率逐年增加,其治疗方法包括手术治疗和非手术治疗,而手术治疗是主要的治疗方式。本文通过回顾分析近年来对于CI-IXT的临床研究及相关成果,从流行病学、发病机制、非手术治疗及手术治疗等方面出发,为CI-IXT的治疗作一综述,希望为临床工作中CI-IXT治疗方案的选择提供帮助。At present, the prevalence rate of convergence insufficiency-type intermittent exotropia (CI-IXT) is increasing year by year in our country. The treatment methods include the operation treatment and non-surgical treatment, while the operation treatment is the main treatment. By reviewing the clinical research and related results of CI-IXT in recent years, this article reviews the treatment of CI-IXT from the aspects of epidemiology, pathogenesis, non-surgical treatment and operative treatment, hoping to provide help for the selection of CI-IXT treatment in clinical work.
文摘百日咳是一种由百日咳杆菌感染引起的急性呼吸道传染病,患者可表现为阵发性痉挛性咳嗽,且伴有深长的“鸡鸣”样吸气性吼声,严重者会引起死亡。尽管许多因素与百日咳存在联系,但百日咳患者加重的危险因素仍不完全清楚。本文综合国内外相关研究,总结百日咳患者加重的相关危险因素,对百日咳的早期预防及治疗具有重要意义。 Pertussis is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by infection with Bordetella pertussis, The patient may present with paroxysmal spasmodic cough, and accompanied by a deep and long chicken like inspiratory roar, Severe cases can cause death. Although many factors are associated with pertussis, the risk factors for worsening pertussis in patients are still not fully understood. This article combines relevant research from both domestic and international sources, and summarizes the related risk factors for worsening pertussis in patients, early prevention and treatment of pertussis are of great significance.
文摘目的:本文对呼出气一氧化氮检测与慢性阻塞性肺疾病的相关性进行系统综述,以期为本病相关研究的开展提供参考。方法:本文通过以“慢性阻塞性肺疾病、呼出气一氧化氮、气道炎症、嗜酸性粒细胞、肺功能、吸烟、糖皮质激素”等为关键词,检索2016年至2024年期间中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed数据库中相关文献,并进行归纳总结。结果:呼出气一氧化氮检测作为一种操作方便、可重复性高、非侵入性的检测方法,有助于反映气道炎症程度、预测慢阻肺患者急性加重的风险、辅助和鉴别诊断慢阻肺、预测激素治疗效果和评估预后。结论:FeNO检测在一定程度上有助于慢阻肺患者的病情评估、临床诊疗以及预后,具有较大的临床意义,值得推广使用。Objective: To systematically review the correlation between fraction of exhaled nitric oxide detection and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, in order to provide reference for the development of related research on this disease. Methods: Using “chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, airway inflammation, eosinophils, lung function, smoking, glucocorticoids” as keywords, the relevant literatures in CNI, Wanfang, VIP and PubMed databases from 2016 to 2024 were searched and summarized. Results: Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, as a convenient, reproducible and non-invasive test, can help to reflect the degree of airway inflammation, predict the risk of acute exacerbation in patients with COPD, assist and differentiate the diagnosis of COPD, predict the effect of hormone therapy, and evaluate prognosis. Conclusion: Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide detection is helpful to the assessment, clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of COPD patients to a certain extent, which has great clinical significance and is worth promoting.
