在生物被膜中活但不可培养(viable but nonculturable, VBNC)状态细胞的形成与调控是微生物学研究的前沿课题。尽管过去对VBNC状态的概念存在争议,但其对生态平衡和公共安全产生的重要影响不容忽视。多因素调控VBNC状态细胞的形成已逐...在生物被膜中活但不可培养(viable but nonculturable, VBNC)状态细胞的形成与调控是微生物学研究的前沿课题。尽管过去对VBNC状态的概念存在争议,但其对生态平衡和公共安全产生的重要影响不容忽视。多因素调控VBNC状态细胞的形成已逐渐被揭示,包括基因表达和蛋白质合成等途径。这些研究奠定了解析VBNC状态细胞生存策略和生态适应性的基础。本综述从多角度对VBNC状态细胞进行了总结,包括其定义的讨论,生物被膜内VBNC状态细胞存在情况、形成的诱因及相关机制,VBNC状态细胞的调控及防控等。未来应聚焦于探索VBNC状态细胞的功能及意义,以创新方式干预VBNC状态形成,深入揭示VBNC状态细胞的分子机制和代谢途径。展开更多
Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)semiconductor materials have garnered significant attention in solar to chemical energy conversion owing to their unique properties,including structural tunability,pre-design capabilit...Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)semiconductor materials have garnered significant attention in solar to chemical energy conversion owing to their unique properties,including structural tunability,pre-design capability,large surface area,abundant pore structures,high crystallinity,excellent chemical stability,suitable energy-band structure,fast charge carrier transfer and so on.These intrinsic features endow COFs with the remarkable candidates for various photocatalytic applications including photocatalytic H_(2) generation from water reduction,CO_(2) reduction,degradation of organic pollutants,N_(2) fixation,H_(2)O_(2) evolution,and even organic synthesis.Here,this review comprehensively summarizes the recent advancements in COF-based materials for the above photocatalytic reactions,including the historic overview of the COF in the photocatalysis field,the fundamentals and design philosophy of COF-based photocatalysts,the advances of synthesis strategies,the structural characteristics and diversities,the practical applications in various photocatalytic fields as well as the challenges and future development direction in terms of COFs material and application perspectives.We sincerely hope this review can offer symbolic guidelines for future development COF semiconductor materials in this promising field.展开更多
文摘在生物被膜中活但不可培养(viable but nonculturable, VBNC)状态细胞的形成与调控是微生物学研究的前沿课题。尽管过去对VBNC状态的概念存在争议,但其对生态平衡和公共安全产生的重要影响不容忽视。多因素调控VBNC状态细胞的形成已逐渐被揭示,包括基因表达和蛋白质合成等途径。这些研究奠定了解析VBNC状态细胞生存策略和生态适应性的基础。本综述从多角度对VBNC状态细胞进行了总结,包括其定义的讨论,生物被膜内VBNC状态细胞存在情况、形成的诱因及相关机制,VBNC状态细胞的调控及防控等。未来应聚焦于探索VBNC状态细胞的功能及意义,以创新方式干预VBNC状态形成,深入揭示VBNC状态细胞的分子机制和代谢途径。
文摘Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)semiconductor materials have garnered significant attention in solar to chemical energy conversion owing to their unique properties,including structural tunability,pre-design capability,large surface area,abundant pore structures,high crystallinity,excellent chemical stability,suitable energy-band structure,fast charge carrier transfer and so on.These intrinsic features endow COFs with the remarkable candidates for various photocatalytic applications including photocatalytic H_(2) generation from water reduction,CO_(2) reduction,degradation of organic pollutants,N_(2) fixation,H_(2)O_(2) evolution,and even organic synthesis.Here,this review comprehensively summarizes the recent advancements in COF-based materials for the above photocatalytic reactions,including the historic overview of the COF in the photocatalysis field,the fundamentals and design philosophy of COF-based photocatalysts,the advances of synthesis strategies,the structural characteristics and diversities,the practical applications in various photocatalytic fields as well as the challenges and future development direction in terms of COFs material and application perspectives.We sincerely hope this review can offer symbolic guidelines for future development COF semiconductor materials in this promising field.
