目的:比较赣南医科大学以及中美其他6所高校的公共卫生硕士(Master of public health,MPH)培养方案的异同,并分析赣南医科大学全日制MPH培养模式,为赣南医科大学制定MPH培养方案提供依据。方法:采用案例分析法分析中美高校MPH培养模式,...目的:比较赣南医科大学以及中美其他6所高校的公共卫生硕士(Master of public health,MPH)培养方案的异同,并分析赣南医科大学全日制MPH培养模式,为赣南医科大学制定MPH培养方案提供依据。方法:采用案例分析法分析中美高校MPH培养模式,运用SWOT分析法确定赣南医科大学全日制MPH培养方面的优势、劣势、机会和挑战。结果:通过文献研究对比,发现美国全日制MPH培养模式更为成熟、灵活和多样化,并具有创新性。美国培养模式的目标明确清晰,可以根据学生的实际情况来安排学习任务和学制调整。此外,美国的课程设置体系较为完善和灵活,实用性较强。同时,社会实践形式多样化,给予学生更大的自主权。赣南医科大学MPH培养模式分析发现其优势在于专业理论课程设置,注重专业技能的培养,但实习基地较为单一,仅为医院和疾控中心。在毕业考核形式上相对单一,仅为毕业论文,缺乏对公共卫生具有指导意义的要求。结论:赣南医科大学需要进一步完善MPH培养模式,加强公共卫生与实践基地基础建设并增加资源和资金投入,细化培养目标,并建立健全的创新管理制度和评价机制。展开更多
Objective:To investigate the temporal trends of the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in China attributed to low-fiber diet from 1990 to 2019,highlighting the importance of dietary fiber in T2DM prevention.Metho...Objective:To investigate the temporal trends of the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in China attributed to low-fiber diet from 1990 to 2019,highlighting the importance of dietary fiber in T2DM prevention.Methods:Using data from the GBD 2019,age-and sex-specific mortality and DALYs related to T2DM attributed to a low-fiber diet in China were analyzed through join-point regression and age-period-cohort model analysis.Results:In 2019,T2DM deaths and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)attributed to a low-fiber diet in China totaled 2887 and 182251,respectively.Males under 60 years had higher mortality and DALYs rates than females,but the trend reversed for those over 60.The ASMR and ASDR decreased by 43%and 38%since 1990,respectively.Before 2008,female age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR)and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate(ASDR)were higher than males,but it was reversed after 2010.Both male and female ASDR decreased,while the relative risk of mortality increased with age.The period effect on T2DM burden remained stable,while the cohort effect declined.Conclusion:The burden of T2DM attributed to a low-fiber diet in China showed an initial increase followed by a decrease from 1990 to 2019.The burden was higher among the elderly,with gender-specific differences among age groups.展开更多
文摘目的:比较赣南医科大学以及中美其他6所高校的公共卫生硕士(Master of public health,MPH)培养方案的异同,并分析赣南医科大学全日制MPH培养模式,为赣南医科大学制定MPH培养方案提供依据。方法:采用案例分析法分析中美高校MPH培养模式,运用SWOT分析法确定赣南医科大学全日制MPH培养方面的优势、劣势、机会和挑战。结果:通过文献研究对比,发现美国全日制MPH培养模式更为成熟、灵活和多样化,并具有创新性。美国培养模式的目标明确清晰,可以根据学生的实际情况来安排学习任务和学制调整。此外,美国的课程设置体系较为完善和灵活,实用性较强。同时,社会实践形式多样化,给予学生更大的自主权。赣南医科大学MPH培养模式分析发现其优势在于专业理论课程设置,注重专业技能的培养,但实习基地较为单一,仅为医院和疾控中心。在毕业考核形式上相对单一,仅为毕业论文,缺乏对公共卫生具有指导意义的要求。结论:赣南医科大学需要进一步完善MPH培养模式,加强公共卫生与实践基地基础建设并增加资源和资金投入,细化培养目标,并建立健全的创新管理制度和评价机制。
文摘Objective:To investigate the temporal trends of the burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in China attributed to low-fiber diet from 1990 to 2019,highlighting the importance of dietary fiber in T2DM prevention.Methods:Using data from the GBD 2019,age-and sex-specific mortality and DALYs related to T2DM attributed to a low-fiber diet in China were analyzed through join-point regression and age-period-cohort model analysis.Results:In 2019,T2DM deaths and disability-adjusted life years(DALYs)attributed to a low-fiber diet in China totaled 2887 and 182251,respectively.Males under 60 years had higher mortality and DALYs rates than females,but the trend reversed for those over 60.The ASMR and ASDR decreased by 43%and 38%since 1990,respectively.Before 2008,female age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR)and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years rate(ASDR)were higher than males,but it was reversed after 2010.Both male and female ASDR decreased,while the relative risk of mortality increased with age.The period effect on T2DM burden remained stable,while the cohort effect declined.Conclusion:The burden of T2DM attributed to a low-fiber diet in China showed an initial increase followed by a decrease from 1990 to 2019.The burden was higher among the elderly,with gender-specific differences among age groups.
