A more resilient livelihood is increasingly recognized as an efficient way to improve vulnerable households’food security and optimize their dietary decisions.This study quantifies rural household resilience in weste...A more resilient livelihood is increasingly recognized as an efficient way to improve vulnerable households’food security and optimize their dietary decisions.This study quantifies rural household resilience in western China,identifies the three pillars(absorptive capacity,adaptive capacity,and transformative capacity)contribution to resilience,and then establishes the estimated Resilience Capacity Index(RCI)linked with food security and dietary diversity supported by the multiple indicator multiple cause(MIMIC)model.Results show that,despite geographical heterogeneity,the RCI consistently increased from 2015 to 2021.Households with a higher RCI inheriting better capacity to deal with risk and shocks are significantly and positively correlated with increasing food expenditure and diversifying food choices.It can be because resilient households will allocate more money to food expenditure instead of saving for livelihood uncertainty.Thus,policymakers can provide more incentives for rural households to adopt more dynamic and effective risk management strategies.This,in turn,could yield positive spillover effects by preventing human capital loss associated with dietary-related chronic diseases and mortality.展开更多
China removed fertilizer manufacturing subsidies from 2015 to 2018 to bolster market-oriented reforms and foster environmentally sustainable practices.However,the impact of this policy reform on food security and the ...China removed fertilizer manufacturing subsidies from 2015 to 2018 to bolster market-oriented reforms and foster environmentally sustainable practices.However,the impact of this policy reform on food security and the environment remains inadequately evaluated.Moreover,although green and low-carbon technologies offer environmental advantages,their widespread adoption is hindered by prohibitively high costs.This study analyzes the impact of removing fertilizer manufacturing subsidies and explores the potential feasibility of redirecting fertilizer manufacturing subsidies to invest in the diffusion of these technologies.Utilizing the China Agricultural University Agri-food Systems model,we analyzed the potential for achieving mutually beneficial outcomes regarding food security and environmental sustainability.The findings indicate that removing fertilizer manufacturing subsidies has reduced greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions from agricultural activities by 3.88 million metric tons,with minimal impact on food production.Redirecting fertilizer manufacturing subsidies to invest in green and low-carbon technologies,including slow and controlled-release fertilizer,organic-inorganic compound fertilizers,and machine deep placement of fertilizer,emerges as a strategy to concurrently curtail GHG emissions,ensure food security,and secure robust economic returns.Finally,we propose a comprehensive set of government interventions,including subsidies,field guidance,and improved extension systems,to promote the widespread adoption of these technologies.展开更多
The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural China.Despite the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycle...The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural China.Despite the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycles,little is known about the impact of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes.Using China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this paper examines the effects of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes and investigates potential pathways and heterogeneous effects.We exploit propensity score matching and difference-in-differences techniques to evaluate the effects of the Rural Dibao program on child nutrition outcomes.Our results suggest that Rural Dibao significantly impacts the nutrition outcomes of children up to 15 years of age.Specifically,our results suggest that Rural Dibao improves child height-to-age z-scores by 1.05 standard deviations and lowers the probability of stunting by 11.9 percentage points.Additional analyses suggest that increased protein intake is the main pathway through which Rural Dibao participation contributes to better nutrition outcomes.We also find that the effect of the program is more pronounced among girls,children who are non-left-behind or live with highly educated mothers,and those from low-income families and poor areas.Our findings suggest that Rural Dibao participation helps improve child nutrition outcomes through improving diet quality.展开更多
Despite the growing recognition of women’s increasing role in the household and corresponding empowerment programs in sub-Saharan Africa,intensive research on the relationship between women’s influence and household...Despite the growing recognition of women’s increasing role in the household and corresponding empowerment programs in sub-Saharan Africa,intensive research on the relationship between women’s influence and household food consumption is minimal.Using the most recent(2017-2018)national household survey data from Tanzania,this study examined the influence of women’s empowerment on household food consumption.First,we compared the monthly consumption of eight food categories between female-headed households(FHHs)and male-headed households(MHHs)using both descriptive statistics and the propensity score matching(PSM)method.Furthermore,we adopted the two-stage Linear Expenditure System and Almost Ideal Demand System model(LES-AIDS)to estimate income and price elasticities for the two household types.The results show that FHHs consume bread and cereals,fish,oils and fats,vegetables,and confectionery(sugar,jam,honey,chocolate,etc.)more than MHHs.Moreover,FHHs have a significantly higher income elasticity of demand for all food groups than MHHs.They are also more price elastic than MHHs in meat,fish,oils,fats,sugar,jam,honey,chocolate,etc.展开更多
The call for agri-food system transformation is urgent in many global development agendas(UN 2023).Food systems have contributed to economic prosperity and feeding the world,but they are also associated with numerous ...The call for agri-food system transformation is urgent in many global development agendas(UN 2023).Food systems have contributed to economic prosperity and feeding the world,but they are also associated with numerous challenges,including climate change,continued hunger,poor diets and malnutrition,and increasing disparities(Webb et al.2020;Fanzo et al.2021).展开更多
Over the past few decades,the Internet has rapidly diffused across China.The spread of the Internet has had a profound economic and social impact on Chinese rural areas.Existing research shows that Internet access sig...Over the past few decades,the Internet has rapidly diffused across China.The spread of the Internet has had a profound economic and social impact on Chinese rural areas.Existing research shows that Internet access significantly impacts agricultural production and improves smallholder farmers’income.Beyond these,the Internet can affect other dimensions of social welfare.However,research about the impact of Internet access on dietary quality in rural China remains scarce.This study utilizes multi-period panel data from Fixed Observation Point in rural China from 2009 to 2015 to estimate the impact of Internet access on dietary quality and food consumption of rural households and conducts a causal analysis.Regression models with time and household fixed effects allow robust estimation while reducing potential issues of unobserved heterogeneity.The estimates show that Internet access has significantly increased rural household dietary quality(measured by the Chinese Diet Balance Index).Further research finds that Internet access has increased the consumption of animal products,such as aquatic and dairy products.We also examine the underlying mechanisms.Internet access improves dietary quality and food consumption mainly through increasing household income and food expenditure.These results encourage the promotion of Internet access as a valuable tool for nutritional improvements,especially in rural areas.展开更多
Using the trade data from the General Administration of Customs of China between January 2011 and December 2020,we estimated the index for China's pesticide import and export,including annual import and export pes...Using the trade data from the General Administration of Customs of China between January 2011 and December 2020,we estimated the index for China's pesticide import and export,including annual import and export pesticide price index,quantity index and value index.We also calculated the terms of trade(TOT)of pesticide in total and by trade regions.First,China's import and export value indices of pesticide showed N-shape trends during 2011-2020,and the trend of the export value index was mainly affected by the changes in the export price index.展开更多
China's crop structure has undergone significant changes in the last two decades since 2000,with an increase in the share of cereals,vegetables,and fruit,squeezing out other crops.As a result,land productivity,nut...China's crop structure has undergone significant changes in the last two decades since 2000,with an increase in the share of cereals,vegetables,and fruit,squeezing out other crops.As a result,land productivity,nutrient supply,and carbon emissions have changed.How to reallocate limited farmland among crops to achieve the multiple goals of agrifood systems becomes an important issue.This study explores the sources of land productivity and nutrition supply growth and carbon emissions reduction,and identifies the multiple roles of crop structural change from 2003 to 2020 based on a decomposition analysis.The results reveal that the growth within crops is still the primary driver in land productivity and nutrition supply and the reduction in carbon emissions.However,structural change also plays various roles at different periods.From 2003 to 2010,crop structural change increased the total calorie supply but lowered land productivity and contributed at least 70%of the total growth of carbon emissions.The crop structure was relatively stable,and their effects were modest from 2010 to 2015.From 2015 to 2020,the crop structural change began to play a greater role and generate synergistic effects in improving land productivity,micronutrient supply,and reducing carbon emissions,contributing to approximately a quarter of the growth of land productivity and 30%of total carbon emissions reduction.These results suggest that strategies for crop structural change should comprehensively consider its multiple impacts,aiming to achieve co-benefits while minimizing trade-offs.展开更多
Food waste is a major social problem that contributes to the overutilization of natural resources,affecting economic progress and environmental protection.Food waste occurs throughout the whole process of the food sup...Food waste is a major social problem that contributes to the overutilization of natural resources,affecting economic progress and environmental protection.Food waste occurs throughout the whole process of the food supply chain,especially during the consumption stage.As a special group of consumers,the emerging adults at university may have unique food consumption patterns and their food waste behavior in university canteens deserves more attention.To understand the influential factors of the food-waste behavior of students in university canteens,a field survey was conducted at China Agricultural University canteen with 705 respondents.Based on the theory of planned behavior,this paper examines the influencing factors of student food-waste behavior from three dimensions:sociopsychological factors,individual characteristics and dining factors.The results indicate that the percentage of students who waste food is relatively low,at roughly 27%.Perceived behavior control,gender,monthly living expenses,BMI,mealtime,meal expectations and food portion were significantly correlated with student food-waste behavior,among which perceived behavior control had the most prominent correlation,followed by food portion.Behavioral intention,household location and palatability were not significantly correlated with student food-waste behavior.Therefore,it is necessary to promote publicity and education on reducing food waste on campus,reinforce the administration of the department of support service,and optimize the food portion in the canteen.展开更多
After decades of development,China has made significant progress in ensuring national food security.However,the country currently faces multiple challenges,including the double burden of malnutrition,i.e.,micronutrien...After decades of development,China has made significant progress in ensuring national food security.However,the country currently faces multiple challenges,including the double burden of malnutrition,i.e.,micronutrient deficiencies and overweight/obesity,climate change,resource stress and environmental degradation,and an increasingly complex global market.This paper reviews past developments in food and agriculture,and offers initial insights into transforming the Chinese food system for achieving multiple national development goals using a systems approach.Strategies and solutions from China can also inform the design and implementation of food system transformation in other emerging economies.展开更多
Excessive application of mineral fertilizers and synthetic pesticides poses a substantial threat to the soil and water environment and food security.Organic fertilizer and biopesticides have gradually become essential...Excessive application of mineral fertilizers and synthetic pesticides poses a substantial threat to the soil and water environment and food security.Organic fertilizer and biopesticides have gradually become essential technology for reducing mineral fertilizer and pesticide inputs.In the process,the technical environment is critical for promoting farmer behavior related to the adoption of organic fertilizer and biopesticides.This paper analyzes the influence of the technical environment on farmer behavior related to the adoption of organic fertilizer and biopesticides based on a survey of 1282 farmers in Heilongjiang Province,China,using the bivariate probit model.The results indicate that(1)farmer behavior related to the adoption applying organic fertilizer and biopesticides were positively correlated;(2)the technical environment had a significant positive impact on farmer behavior related to the adoption of organic fertilizer and biopesticides;and(3)the technical environment had a heterogeneous effect across different groups of farmers.This research provides insights useful for promoting organic fertilizer and biopesticides to farmers.It can be helpful to bundle relevant environmental technologies,conduct technology training for farmers and strengthen the construction of rural information networks.展开更多
The global food systems face significant interrelated and complex challenges,including climate change,extreme weather events,natural resource depletion,biodiversity loss,emerging plant and animal diseases,conflict and...The global food systems face significant interrelated and complex challenges,including climate change,extreme weather events,natural resource depletion,biodiversity loss,emerging plant and animal diseases,conflict and trade shocks.The number of global populations that lacked access to adequate food sharply increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.It is estimated that in 2021,about 702 million to 828 million people around the world suffer from hunger,with an increase of 150 million people alone due to the outbreak of the global COVID19 pandemic[1].Reduced incomes,food price inflations and continued supply chain disruptions will lead to even more severe and widespread increases in global food insecurity if urgent action is not taken,affecting vulnerable households in almost every country.展开更多
This article investigates how the COVID-19 pandemic and related public health measures affected the consumption of food away from home(FAFH)among Chinese consumers.We obtained access to the complete sales records from...This article investigates how the COVID-19 pandemic and related public health measures affected the consumption of food away from home(FAFH)among Chinese consumers.We obtained access to the complete sales records from a major restaurant chain in China,for 111 sites located in 12 cities,covering over 5.6 million high-frequency dining transactions made between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020.By applying a high-dimensional fixed-effects model,we found that,on average,consumers spent more and ordered more calories(as well as carbohydrates,protein,fat,and sodium)after the COVID-19 outbreak than in thepre-COVID-19period.Our results do not support the hypothesis that COVID-19 led to healthier eating behaviors during and after the pandemic.Our results underline the importance of nutrition education and awareness programs to mitigate unhealthy eating habits generated by the pandemic and of the continued role of FAFH after the pandemic.展开更多
During the COVID-19 pandemic,countries applied trade restrictions to insulate their domestic markets from the world market.However,these trade policies could have amplified international market price fluctuations.This...During the COVID-19 pandemic,countries applied trade restrictions to insulate their domestic markets from the world market.However,these trade policies could have amplified international market price fluctuations.This paper explores the effects of trade restrictions on international agricultural price volatility.A theoretical model is developed to quantify how trade policies amplify the initial shock.Using panel data covering 71 countries from January 2020 to July 2021,we examine empirically the effects of trade policies on world agricultural price volatility.The results show that trade distortions further induced volatility of world agricultural prices by around 22 percent during the COVID-19 pandemic.The multiplier effects are much more substantial in agricultural exporting countries than in importing countries.Large countries like China and the US could make significant contributions to stabilizing world prices by limiting the extent of unilateral trade policy interventions.展开更多
This paper offers the first empirical evidence of the impact of COVID-19 on dietary diversity among children and adolescents in urban and rural families by using panel data collected in 2019(before COVID-19)and 2020(d...This paper offers the first empirical evidence of the impact of COVID-19 on dietary diversity among children and adolescents in urban and rural families by using panel data collected in 2019(before COVID-19)and 2020(during COVID-19)in northern China.Our study uses panel data from 2,201 primary school students and 1,341 junior high-school students to apply the difference in differences(DID)method to estimate the impact of COVID-19 on dietary diversity among students in urban and rural families.We found that the dietary diversity score(DDS)of rural students decreased by 0.295 points(p<0.01)compared with that of urban students during COVID-19.Specifically,COVID-19 significantly reduced the frequency of rural students'consumption of vegetables by 1.8 percent,protein-rich foods such as soybean products and nuts by 6.0 percent,meats by 4.0 percent,aquatic products by 6.7 percent,and eggs by 5.3 percent,compared with urban students.Further,COVID-19 had a significant negative effect on the dietary diversity of students from low-and middle-income groups,with the DDS of the low-income group decreasing by 0.31 points(p<0.01)and that of the middle-income group by 0.12 points(p<0.1).展开更多
Diets are key determinants of nutrition and health and play a significant role in the environment.In this article,we aim to(i)describe dietary transitions and health in China and the consequent environmental challenge...Diets are key determinants of nutrition and health and play a significant role in the environment.In this article,we aim to(i)describe dietary transitions and health in China and the consequent environmental challenges;(ii)identify differences between current Chinese diets and healthy reference diets;(iii)conduct a systematic review assessing the health impacts of four reference diets on the Chinese population,and(iv)simulate changes in greenhouse gas emissions under different diet scenarios.The results show differences between the Chinese diets and reference diets,with the current Chinese diet including mainly grains(especially refined rice),excessive meat consumption,and insufficient consumption of fruit and milk.If all Chinese consumers adopt one of the healthy reference diets all the time,the incidence of diet-related chronic disease and mortality would be significantly reduced.Such dietary shifts would also reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 146-202 million tons(18-25 percent)compared with the projected emissions level in 2030.展开更多
The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic that began in early 2020 has severely disrupted agricultural production,food supplies,and the day-to-day life of rural residents in China.China has responded to this crisis by impos...The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic that began in early 2020 has severely disrupted agricultural production,food supplies,and the day-to-day life of rural residents in China.China has responded to this crisis by imposing government regulations,launching fiscal support,encouraging and facilitating digital technologies,particularly e-commence,and mobilizing rural communities.展开更多
基金This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(71973138 and 72061137002)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2023YFE0105009).
文摘A more resilient livelihood is increasingly recognized as an efficient way to improve vulnerable households’food security and optimize their dietary decisions.This study quantifies rural household resilience in western China,identifies the three pillars(absorptive capacity,adaptive capacity,and transformative capacity)contribution to resilience,and then establishes the estimated Resilience Capacity Index(RCI)linked with food security and dietary diversity supported by the multiple indicator multiple cause(MIMIC)model.Results show that,despite geographical heterogeneity,the RCI consistently increased from 2015 to 2021.Households with a higher RCI inheriting better capacity to deal with risk and shocks are significantly and positively correlated with increasing food expenditure and diversifying food choices.It can be because resilient households will allocate more money to food expenditure instead of saving for livelihood uncertainty.Thus,policymakers can provide more incentives for rural households to adopt more dynamic and effective risk management strategies.This,in turn,could yield positive spillover effects by preventing human capital loss associated with dietary-related chronic diseases and mortality.
基金The authors acknowledge the financial support received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72061147002).
文摘China removed fertilizer manufacturing subsidies from 2015 to 2018 to bolster market-oriented reforms and foster environmentally sustainable practices.However,the impact of this policy reform on food security and the environment remains inadequately evaluated.Moreover,although green and low-carbon technologies offer environmental advantages,their widespread adoption is hindered by prohibitively high costs.This study analyzes the impact of removing fertilizer manufacturing subsidies and explores the potential feasibility of redirecting fertilizer manufacturing subsidies to invest in the diffusion of these technologies.Utilizing the China Agricultural University Agri-food Systems model,we analyzed the potential for achieving mutually beneficial outcomes regarding food security and environmental sustainability.The findings indicate that removing fertilizer manufacturing subsidies has reduced greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions from agricultural activities by 3.88 million metric tons,with minimal impact on food production.Redirecting fertilizer manufacturing subsidies to invest in green and low-carbon technologies,including slow and controlled-release fertilizer,organic-inorganic compound fertilizers,and machine deep placement of fertilizer,emerges as a strategy to concurrently curtail GHG emissions,ensure food security,and secure robust economic returns.Finally,we propose a comprehensive set of government interventions,including subsidies,field guidance,and improved extension systems,to promote the widespread adoption of these technologies.
基金The authors are grateful for support from the National Social Science Fund of China(21AJL015).
文摘The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural China.Despite the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycles,little is known about the impact of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes.Using China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this paper examines the effects of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes and investigates potential pathways and heterogeneous effects.We exploit propensity score matching and difference-in-differences techniques to evaluate the effects of the Rural Dibao program on child nutrition outcomes.Our results suggest that Rural Dibao significantly impacts the nutrition outcomes of children up to 15 years of age.Specifically,our results suggest that Rural Dibao improves child height-to-age z-scores by 1.05 standard deviations and lowers the probability of stunting by 11.9 percentage points.Additional analyses suggest that increased protein intake is the main pathway through which Rural Dibao participation contributes to better nutrition outcomes.We also find that the effect of the program is more pronounced among girls,children who are non-left-behind or live with highly educated mothers,and those from low-income families and poor areas.Our findings suggest that Rural Dibao participation helps improve child nutrition outcomes through improving diet quality.
基金This study was supported by the Chinese University Scientific Fund(2023TC105)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(72361147521&72061147002).
文摘Despite the growing recognition of women’s increasing role in the household and corresponding empowerment programs in sub-Saharan Africa,intensive research on the relationship between women’s influence and household food consumption is minimal.Using the most recent(2017-2018)national household survey data from Tanzania,this study examined the influence of women’s empowerment on household food consumption.First,we compared the monthly consumption of eight food categories between female-headed households(FHHs)and male-headed households(MHHs)using both descriptive statistics and the propensity score matching(PSM)method.Furthermore,we adopted the two-stage Linear Expenditure System and Almost Ideal Demand System model(LES-AIDS)to estimate income and price elasticities for the two household types.The results show that FHHs consume bread and cereals,fish,oils and fats,vegetables,and confectionery(sugar,jam,honey,chocolate,etc.)more than MHHs.Moreover,FHHs have a significantly higher income elasticity of demand for all food groups than MHHs.They are also more price elastic than MHHs in meat,fish,oils,fats,sugar,jam,honey,chocolate,etc.
文摘The call for agri-food system transformation is urgent in many global development agendas(UN 2023).Food systems have contributed to economic prosperity and feeding the world,but they are also associated with numerous challenges,including climate change,continued hunger,poor diets and malnutrition,and increasing disparities(Webb et al.2020;Fanzo et al.2021).
基金This study was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71973136 and 72061147002)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University.
文摘Over the past few decades,the Internet has rapidly diffused across China.The spread of the Internet has had a profound economic and social impact on Chinese rural areas.Existing research shows that Internet access significantly impacts agricultural production and improves smallholder farmers’income.Beyond these,the Internet can affect other dimensions of social welfare.However,research about the impact of Internet access on dietary quality in rural China remains scarce.This study utilizes multi-period panel data from Fixed Observation Point in rural China from 2009 to 2015 to estimate the impact of Internet access on dietary quality and food consumption of rural households and conducts a causal analysis.Regression models with time and household fixed effects allow robust estimation while reducing potential issues of unobserved heterogeneity.The estimates show that Internet access has significantly increased rural household dietary quality(measured by the Chinese Diet Balance Index).Further research finds that Internet access has increased the consumption of animal products,such as aquatic and dairy products.We also examine the underlying mechanisms.Internet access improves dietary quality and food consumption mainly through increasing household income and food expenditure.These results encourage the promotion of Internet access as a valuable tool for nutritional improvements,especially in rural areas.
文摘Using the trade data from the General Administration of Customs of China between January 2011 and December 2020,we estimated the index for China's pesticide import and export,including annual import and export pesticide price index,quantity index and value index.We also calculated the terms of trade(TOT)of pesticide in total and by trade regions.First,China's import and export value indices of pesticide showed N-shape trends during 2011-2020,and the trend of the export value index was mainly affected by the changes in the export price index.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72061147002 and 72373143)the National Social Science Fund of China(22&ZD085).
文摘China's crop structure has undergone significant changes in the last two decades since 2000,with an increase in the share of cereals,vegetables,and fruit,squeezing out other crops.As a result,land productivity,nutrient supply,and carbon emissions have changed.How to reallocate limited farmland among crops to achieve the multiple goals of agrifood systems becomes an important issue.This study explores the sources of land productivity and nutrition supply growth and carbon emissions reduction,and identifies the multiple roles of crop structural change from 2003 to 2020 based on a decomposition analysis.The results reveal that the growth within crops is still the primary driver in land productivity and nutrition supply and the reduction in carbon emissions.However,structural change also plays various roles at different periods.From 2003 to 2010,crop structural change increased the total calorie supply but lowered land productivity and contributed at least 70%of the total growth of carbon emissions.The crop structure was relatively stable,and their effects were modest from 2010 to 2015.From 2015 to 2020,the crop structural change began to play a greater role and generate synergistic effects in improving land productivity,micronutrient supply,and reducing carbon emissions,contributing to approximately a quarter of the growth of land productivity and 30%of total carbon emissions reduction.These results suggest that strategies for crop structural change should comprehensively consider its multiple impacts,aiming to achieve co-benefits while minimizing trade-offs.
文摘Food waste is a major social problem that contributes to the overutilization of natural resources,affecting economic progress and environmental protection.Food waste occurs throughout the whole process of the food supply chain,especially during the consumption stage.As a special group of consumers,the emerging adults at university may have unique food consumption patterns and their food waste behavior in university canteens deserves more attention.To understand the influential factors of the food-waste behavior of students in university canteens,a field survey was conducted at China Agricultural University canteen with 705 respondents.Based on the theory of planned behavior,this paper examines the influencing factors of student food-waste behavior from three dimensions:sociopsychological factors,individual characteristics and dining factors.The results indicate that the percentage of students who waste food is relatively low,at roughly 27%.Perceived behavior control,gender,monthly living expenses,BMI,mealtime,meal expectations and food portion were significantly correlated with student food-waste behavior,among which perceived behavior control had the most prominent correlation,followed by food portion.Behavioral intention,household location and palatability were not significantly correlated with student food-waste behavior.Therefore,it is necessary to promote publicity and education on reducing food waste on campus,reinforce the administration of the department of support service,and optimize the food portion in the canteen.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72061147002,72103188)the National Social Science Foundation of China(22&ZD085)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Engineering(2022-HZ-07)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University。
文摘After decades of development,China has made significant progress in ensuring national food security.However,the country currently faces multiple challenges,including the double burden of malnutrition,i.e.,micronutrient deficiencies and overweight/obesity,climate change,resource stress and environmental degradation,and an increasingly complex global market.This paper reviews past developments in food and agriculture,and offers initial insights into transforming the Chinese food system for achieving multiple national development goals using a systems approach.Strategies and solutions from China can also inform the design and implementation of food system transformation in other emerging economies.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72103188,72061147002,71974220)the Social Science Foundation of Beijing(21JCC100)+1 种基金the National Social Science Foundation of China(18ZDA074)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University.
文摘Excessive application of mineral fertilizers and synthetic pesticides poses a substantial threat to the soil and water environment and food security.Organic fertilizer and biopesticides have gradually become essential technology for reducing mineral fertilizer and pesticide inputs.In the process,the technical environment is critical for promoting farmer behavior related to the adoption of organic fertilizer and biopesticides.This paper analyzes the influence of the technical environment on farmer behavior related to the adoption of organic fertilizer and biopesticides based on a survey of 1282 farmers in Heilongjiang Province,China,using the bivariate probit model.The results indicate that(1)farmer behavior related to the adoption applying organic fertilizer and biopesticides were positively correlated;(2)the technical environment had a significant positive impact on farmer behavior related to the adoption of organic fertilizer and biopesticides;and(3)the technical environment had a heterogeneous effect across different groups of farmers.This research provides insights useful for promoting organic fertilizer and biopesticides to farmers.It can be helpful to bundle relevant environmental technologies,conduct technology training for farmers and strengthen the construction of rural information networks.
文摘The global food systems face significant interrelated and complex challenges,including climate change,extreme weather events,natural resource depletion,biodiversity loss,emerging plant and animal diseases,conflict and trade shocks.The number of global populations that lacked access to adequate food sharply increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.It is estimated that in 2021,about 702 million to 828 million people around the world suffer from hunger,with an increase of 150 million people alone due to the outbreak of the global COVID19 pandemic[1].Reduced incomes,food price inflations and continued supply chain disruptions will lead to even more severe and widespread increases in global food insecurity if urgent action is not taken,affecting vulnerable households in almost every country.
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.72103187 and 71973146)National Social Science Foundation of China(No.20&ZD164)+1 种基金the 2115 Talent Development Program at the Beijing Food Safety Policy and Strategy(FSP)Research Base,China Agricultural Universitythe Richard DelFavero Fund for Agricultural and Resource Economics at the University of Connecticut.
文摘This article investigates how the COVID-19 pandemic and related public health measures affected the consumption of food away from home(FAFH)among Chinese consumers.We obtained access to the complete sales records from a major restaurant chain in China,for 111 sites located in 12 cities,covering over 5.6 million high-frequency dining transactions made between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020.By applying a high-dimensional fixed-effects model,we found that,on average,consumers spent more and ordered more calories(as well as carbohydrates,protein,fat,and sodium)after the COVID-19 outbreak than in thepre-COVID-19period.Our results do not support the hypothesis that COVID-19 led to healthier eating behaviors during and after the pandemic.Our results underline the importance of nutrition education and awareness programs to mitigate unhealthy eating habits generated by the pandemic and of the continued role of FAFH after the pandemic.
基金funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71903198)the Basic Research Funds for the Central Universities,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law(No.2722020JCT022)financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.71773148 and 72073128).
文摘During the COVID-19 pandemic,countries applied trade restrictions to insulate their domestic markets from the world market.However,these trade policies could have amplified international market price fluctuations.This paper explores the effects of trade restrictions on international agricultural price volatility.A theoretical model is developed to quantify how trade policies amplify the initial shock.Using panel data covering 71 countries from January 2020 to July 2021,we examine empirically the effects of trade policies on world agricultural price volatility.The results show that trade distortions further induced volatility of world agricultural prices by around 22 percent during the COVID-19 pandemic.The multiplier effects are much more substantial in agricultural exporting countries than in importing countries.Large countries like China and the US could make significant contributions to stabilizing world prices by limiting the extent of unilateral trade policy interventions.
文摘This paper offers the first empirical evidence of the impact of COVID-19 on dietary diversity among children and adolescents in urban and rural families by using panel data collected in 2019(before COVID-19)and 2020(during COVID-19)in northern China.Our study uses panel data from 2,201 primary school students and 1,341 junior high-school students to apply the difference in differences(DID)method to estimate the impact of COVID-19 on dietary diversity among students in urban and rural families.We found that the dietary diversity score(DDS)of rural students decreased by 0.295 points(p<0.01)compared with that of urban students during COVID-19.Specifically,COVID-19 significantly reduced the frequency of rural students'consumption of vegetables by 1.8 percent,protein-rich foods such as soybean products and nuts by 6.0 percent,meats by 4.0 percent,aquatic products by 6.7 percent,and eggs by 5.3 percent,compared with urban students.Further,COVID-19 had a significant negative effect on the dietary diversity of students from low-and middle-income groups,with the DDS of the low-income group decreasing by 0.31 points(p<0.01)and that of the middle-income group by 0.12 points(p<0.1).
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72061147002)Food and Land Use Coalition(No.2020-SKY-523031-0024)Zhejiang University-IFPRI Center for International Development Studies.
文摘Diets are key determinants of nutrition and health and play a significant role in the environment.In this article,we aim to(i)describe dietary transitions and health in China and the consequent environmental challenges;(ii)identify differences between current Chinese diets and healthy reference diets;(iii)conduct a systematic review assessing the health impacts of four reference diets on the Chinese population,and(iv)simulate changes in greenhouse gas emissions under different diet scenarios.The results show differences between the Chinese diets and reference diets,with the current Chinese diet including mainly grains(especially refined rice),excessive meat consumption,and insufficient consumption of fruit and milk.If all Chinese consumers adopt one of the healthy reference diets all the time,the incidence of diet-related chronic disease and mortality would be significantly reduced.Such dietary shifts would also reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 146-202 million tons(18-25 percent)compared with the projected emissions level in 2030.
文摘The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic that began in early 2020 has severely disrupted agricultural production,food supplies,and the day-to-day life of rural residents in China.China has responded to this crisis by imposing government regulations,launching fiscal support,encouraging and facilitating digital technologies,particularly e-commence,and mobilizing rural communities.
