Despite numerous efforts to overcome neuropathic pain,various pharmacological drugs often fail to meet the needs and have many side effects.Muscovite is an aluminosilicate mineral that has been reported to have an ant...Despite numerous efforts to overcome neuropathic pain,various pharmacological drugs often fail to meet the needs and have many side effects.Muscovite is an aluminosilicate mineral that has been reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect,but the efficacy of muscovite for neuropathic pain has not been investigated.Here,we assessed whether muscovite nanoparticles can reduce the symptoms of pain by controlling the inflammatory process observed in neuropathic pain.The analgesic effects of muscovite nanoparticles were explored using partial sciatic nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain,in which one-third to onehalf of the nerve trifurcation of the sciatic nerve was tightly tied to the dorsal side.Muscovite nanoparticles(4 mg/100μL)was given intramuscularly to evaluate its effects on neuropathic pain(3 days per week for 4 weeks).The results showed that the muscovite nanoparticle injections significantly alleviated partial sciatic nerve ligation-induced mechanical and cold allodynia.In the spinal cord,the muscovite nanoparticle injections exhibited inhibitory effects on astrocyte and microglia activation and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as interleukin-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleiukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,which were upregulated in the partial sciatic nerve ligation model.Moreover,the muscovite nanoparticle injections resulted in a decrease in activating transcription factor 3,a neuronal injury marker,in the sciatic nerve.These results suggest that the analgesic effects of muscovite nanoparticle on partial sciatic nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain may result from inhibiting activation of astrocytes and microglia as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines.We propose that muscovite nanoparticle is a potential anti-nociceptive candidate for neuropathic pain.All experimental protocols in this study were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee(IACUC)at Dongguk University,South Korea(approval No.2017-022-1)on September 28,2017.展开更多
Objective: To clarify the effects of acupuncture stimulation at Zusanli(ST 36) on the hormonal changes. Methods: Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice received acupuncture stimulation at acupoint ST 36 or Quchi(LI 11) once...Objective: To clarify the effects of acupuncture stimulation at Zusanli(ST 36) on the hormonal changes. Methods: Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice received acupuncture stimulation at acupoint ST 36 or Quchi(LI 11) once a day for 3 or 5 days in the acupuncture-stimulated groups, but not received in the normal group(n=6 in each group). On day 3 or 5, animals were given 0.1 m L of charcoal orally with a bulbed steel needle, 30 min after the last acupuncture stimulation. Ten minutes later, mice were anesthetized, and the intestinal transit and the concentrations of vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP), motilin, ghrelin and gastrin in the serum were measured. Results: Compared to no acupuncture stimulation, acupuncture stimulation at ST 36 for 5 days increased the intestinal transit and down-regulated the concentration of VIP and up-regulated the concentrations of motilin, ghrelin and gastrin(P<0.05 or 0.01), whereas acupuncture stimulation at LI 11 did not change them significantly(P>0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture stimulation at ST 36 for 5 days enhances the small intestinal motility and regulates the secretion of hormones related to small intestinal motility.展开更多
Objective:To assess the clinical evidence for and against acupuncture as a treatment for Bell's palsy.Methods:We conducted a literature search of 15 databases from their inception to December 2010 without language...Objective:To assess the clinical evidence for and against acupuncture as a treatment for Bell's palsy.Methods:We conducted a literature search of 15 databases from their inception to December 2010 without language restrictions.We included all randomized clinical trials(RCTs) regardless of their controls. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool.Results:Of the 3474 articles,only eight RCTs met our inclusion criteria.Four RCTs tested the effects of acupuncture against drug therapy on disease response rate.The meta-analysis of these data showed significant improvements in the acupuncture group[n=463,risk ratio(RR)=1.07,95%CI:1.02 to 1.13;P=0.006,l^2=0%].Six RCTs tested the effects of acupuncture plus drug therapy versus drug therapy alone.The meta-analysis of this set of RCTs also showed the favorable effects of acupuncture on disease response rate(n=512,RR=1.11,95%CI:1.05 to 1.17; P=0.001,l^2=13%).Conclusions:The evidence supporting the effectiveness of acupuncture for treating Bell's palsy is limited.The number and quality of trials are too low to form firm conclusions.Further rigorous RCTs are warranted but need to overcome the many limitations of the current evidence.展开更多
Objective:Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a psychiatric disorder characterized by depression and anxiety,that arises due to an imbalance of neurotransmitters in response to excessive stress.Hesperidin(HSD)is a ...Objective:Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a psychiatric disorder characterized by depression and anxiety,that arises due to an imbalance of neurotransmitters in response to excessive stress.Hesperidin(HSD)is a naturally occurring flavonoid shown to exert a variety of biological activities,including antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and neuroprotective effects.Methods:This study was used the open field test(OFT)and forced swimming test(FST)to examine the effects of HSD on the depression-like response of rats after exposure to a single prolonged stress(SPS)leading to the dysregulation of the serotonergic activation system.Male rats were given HSD(20,50,and 100 mg/kg,intraperitoneal injection,n=6–7 per group)once daily for 14 days after exposure to SPS.The influence of administration of HSD on SPS-induced behavioral responses and concentrations of serotonin(5-HT),5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA),and monoamine oxidase-A(MAO-A)in the rat brain were also investigated using enzyme-linked immunoassays(ELISAs).Results:Daily HSD administration significantly improved depression-like behaviors in the FST(P<0.05),increased the number of lines crossed in the central zone of the OFT(P<0.01),and reduced freezing behavior both in contextual and cued fear conditioning.HSD treatment also attenuated the reduction in SPS-induced 5-HT concentrations in the hippocampus and amygdala.This increase in 5-HT concentrations during HSD treatment was partially attributed to a decrease in the 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio in the hippocampus of rats with PTSD.Furthermore,HSD treatment inhibited activity of MAO-A and decreases of tryptophan hydroxylase-1 expression in the hippocampus.Conclusion:HSD was shown to exert antidepressant effects in rats exposed to SPS,suggesting that this natural flavonoid may be an effective medicine for PTSD.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Korean government(NRF-2017R1A2B4009963,to JYO,TYH,JHJ and HJP)from the Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine(grant K18182,to JYP,YR and HJP)。
文摘Despite numerous efforts to overcome neuropathic pain,various pharmacological drugs often fail to meet the needs and have many side effects.Muscovite is an aluminosilicate mineral that has been reported to have an anti-inflammatory effect,but the efficacy of muscovite for neuropathic pain has not been investigated.Here,we assessed whether muscovite nanoparticles can reduce the symptoms of pain by controlling the inflammatory process observed in neuropathic pain.The analgesic effects of muscovite nanoparticles were explored using partial sciatic nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain,in which one-third to onehalf of the nerve trifurcation of the sciatic nerve was tightly tied to the dorsal side.Muscovite nanoparticles(4 mg/100μL)was given intramuscularly to evaluate its effects on neuropathic pain(3 days per week for 4 weeks).The results showed that the muscovite nanoparticle injections significantly alleviated partial sciatic nerve ligation-induced mechanical and cold allodynia.In the spinal cord,the muscovite nanoparticle injections exhibited inhibitory effects on astrocyte and microglia activation and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines,such as interleukin-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleiukin-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,which were upregulated in the partial sciatic nerve ligation model.Moreover,the muscovite nanoparticle injections resulted in a decrease in activating transcription factor 3,a neuronal injury marker,in the sciatic nerve.These results suggest that the analgesic effects of muscovite nanoparticle on partial sciatic nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain may result from inhibiting activation of astrocytes and microglia as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines.We propose that muscovite nanoparticle is a potential anti-nociceptive candidate for neuropathic pain.All experimental protocols in this study were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee(IACUC)at Dongguk University,South Korea(approval No.2017-022-1)on September 28,2017.
基金Supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF) grant funded by the Korea government(MSIP,No.NRF-2013R1A1A1005580)
文摘Objective: To clarify the effects of acupuncture stimulation at Zusanli(ST 36) on the hormonal changes. Methods: Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice received acupuncture stimulation at acupoint ST 36 or Quchi(LI 11) once a day for 3 or 5 days in the acupuncture-stimulated groups, but not received in the normal group(n=6 in each group). On day 3 or 5, animals were given 0.1 m L of charcoal orally with a bulbed steel needle, 30 min after the last acupuncture stimulation. Ten minutes later, mice were anesthetized, and the intestinal transit and the concentrations of vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP), motilin, ghrelin and gastrin in the serum were measured. Results: Compared to no acupuncture stimulation, acupuncture stimulation at ST 36 for 5 days increased the intestinal transit and down-regulated the concentration of VIP and up-regulated the concentrations of motilin, ghrelin and gastrin(P<0.05 or 0.01), whereas acupuncture stimulation at LI 11 did not change them significantly(P>0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture stimulation at ST 36 for 5 days enhances the small intestinal motility and regulates the secretion of hormones related to small intestinal motility.
基金Supported by a Grant from the Kyung Hee University in 2010 (No.KHU-20100699)
文摘Objective:To assess the clinical evidence for and against acupuncture as a treatment for Bell's palsy.Methods:We conducted a literature search of 15 databases from their inception to December 2010 without language restrictions.We included all randomized clinical trials(RCTs) regardless of their controls. Methodological quality was evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool.Results:Of the 3474 articles,only eight RCTs met our inclusion criteria.Four RCTs tested the effects of acupuncture against drug therapy on disease response rate.The meta-analysis of these data showed significant improvements in the acupuncture group[n=463,risk ratio(RR)=1.07,95%CI:1.02 to 1.13;P=0.006,l^2=0%].Six RCTs tested the effects of acupuncture plus drug therapy versus drug therapy alone.The meta-analysis of this set of RCTs also showed the favorable effects of acupuncture on disease response rate(n=512,RR=1.11,95%CI:1.05 to 1.17; P=0.001,l^2=13%).Conclusions:The evidence supporting the effectiveness of acupuncture for treating Bell's palsy is limited.The number and quality of trials are too low to form firm conclusions.Further rigorous RCTs are warranted but need to overcome the many limitations of the current evidence.
基金Supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Korean government(No.2016R1D1A1A09917012)。
文摘Objective:Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)is a psychiatric disorder characterized by depression and anxiety,that arises due to an imbalance of neurotransmitters in response to excessive stress.Hesperidin(HSD)is a naturally occurring flavonoid shown to exert a variety of biological activities,including antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and neuroprotective effects.Methods:This study was used the open field test(OFT)and forced swimming test(FST)to examine the effects of HSD on the depression-like response of rats after exposure to a single prolonged stress(SPS)leading to the dysregulation of the serotonergic activation system.Male rats were given HSD(20,50,and 100 mg/kg,intraperitoneal injection,n=6–7 per group)once daily for 14 days after exposure to SPS.The influence of administration of HSD on SPS-induced behavioral responses and concentrations of serotonin(5-HT),5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA),and monoamine oxidase-A(MAO-A)in the rat brain were also investigated using enzyme-linked immunoassays(ELISAs).Results:Daily HSD administration significantly improved depression-like behaviors in the FST(P<0.05),increased the number of lines crossed in the central zone of the OFT(P<0.01),and reduced freezing behavior both in contextual and cued fear conditioning.HSD treatment also attenuated the reduction in SPS-induced 5-HT concentrations in the hippocampus and amygdala.This increase in 5-HT concentrations during HSD treatment was partially attributed to a decrease in the 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio in the hippocampus of rats with PTSD.Furthermore,HSD treatment inhibited activity of MAO-A and decreases of tryptophan hydroxylase-1 expression in the hippocampus.Conclusion:HSD was shown to exert antidepressant effects in rats exposed to SPS,suggesting that this natural flavonoid may be an effective medicine for PTSD.
