This paper discusses the constraining factors to sustainable utilization ofwater resources in China, and the countermeasures to realize sustainable water utilization. Theresult of comprehensive analysis shows that con...This paper discusses the constraining factors to sustainable utilization ofwater resources in China, and the countermeasures to realize sustainable water utilization. Theresult of comprehensive analysis shows that constraining factors to sustainable utilization of waterresources in China are complicated, including physical geographical factors and socio-economicfactors, such as uneven distribution of water resources at temporal and spatial scales,inappropriate institutional arrangement and non-water-saving and non-wter-conservation productionand life mode. The countermeasures against constraining factors to water resources sustainabledevelopment are put forward as follows: 1) using wetlands and forests, and through spatialconversion to realize temporally sustainable supply of water resources; 2) transferring waterbetween basins and areas and developing various water resources in water shortage area; 3)establishing water-saving society; 4) strengthening water pollution control and water resourcesprotection; and 5) establishing unified water resources management mechanism.展开更多
The regional observed temperature and precipitation changes and their abruptjumps disturbed by large-scale reclamation in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China were studied. Meanannual temperature of the region was tend...The regional observed temperature and precipitation changes and their abruptjumps disturbed by large-scale reclamation in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China were studied. Meanannual temperature of the region was tending to go up and has increased by 1.2-2.2℃ over the past50 years. A warming jump of mean annual temperature of the region occurred in the 1980s, which hadan increasg amplitude of 0.9℃. Linear tendency rates of annual precipitation were negative in mostof the region. The maximum of annual precipitation decrease was 155.8mm over the past 50 years. Anabrupt decrease of regional annual precipitation happened in the middle of the 1960s, which had adecrease of 102.1mm. Based on the fact of climatic change of the Sanjiang Plain over the past 50years, it is held that the region had larger warming amplitude than that of the surrounding areas inthe recent years, which resulted from the large-scale reclamation of various kinds of wetlands.展开更多
As an important measure of eco-environmental construction, the process ofde-farming in slope farmland is being undertakengradually in the whole China. Meanwhile, theproblem of reducing in food yield in de-farming area...As an important measure of eco-environmental construction, the process ofde-farming in slope farmland is being undertakengradually in the whole China. Meanwhile, theproblem of reducing in food yield in de-farming areas can not be neglected any more. It is especially the case in areas with concentrated slope farmland andinconvenient transportation. In this paper, we analyze the causes of hidden troubles in food security, and the spatial relationship between farmland and slopefarmland in the reservoir area of Three Gorges, and unveil the spatial disparity of contradictions between food supply and demand. Finally, combining the accessibility of areas, three different spatial types offood security, food security area, food alert area, and food crisis area, are divided.展开更多
The characteristics of zonal anomaly and change rule of temporal distribution of annual precipitation in the northeastern China are revealed in this paper with EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Function) and REOF (Rotated Emp...The characteristics of zonal anomaly and change rule of temporal distribution of annual precipitation in the northeastern China are revealed in this paper with EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Function) and REOF (Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function) methods and results are drawn in the standard relief maps with GIS technology for practical application. Data used in the study were obtained from 208 meteorological stations over the northeastern China from 1961 to 2001. EOF results show that the first 3 loading vectors could give entire spatial anomaly structure of annual precipitation. In the Northeast Plain including the Songneng Plain and the Liaohe Plain, there is a regional compatibility (whether wet or dry) of annual precipitation change and this precipitation pattern has occurred since the late 1980s to the present. There also exist annual precipitation patterns of wet (or dry) in south and dry (or wet) in north and wet (or dry) in east and dry (or wet) in west. REOF results display 8 principal precipitation anomaly areas by the first 8 rotated loading vectors: the west plain, the Liaodong hills, the Sanjiang Plain, the Liaoxi hills, the Changbai Mountains, the Hulun Buir Plateau, the southwest plateau and the Liaodong Peninsula.展开更多
文摘This paper discusses the constraining factors to sustainable utilization ofwater resources in China, and the countermeasures to realize sustainable water utilization. Theresult of comprehensive analysis shows that constraining factors to sustainable utilization of waterresources in China are complicated, including physical geographical factors and socio-economicfactors, such as uneven distribution of water resources at temporal and spatial scales,inappropriate institutional arrangement and non-water-saving and non-wter-conservation productionand life mode. The countermeasures against constraining factors to water resources sustainabledevelopment are put forward as follows: 1) using wetlands and forests, and through spatialconversion to realize temporally sustainable supply of water resources; 2) transferring waterbetween basins and areas and developing various water resources in water shortage area; 3)establishing water-saving society; 4) strengthening water pollution control and water resourcesprotection; and 5) establishing unified water resources management mechanism.
文摘The regional observed temperature and precipitation changes and their abruptjumps disturbed by large-scale reclamation in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China were studied. Meanannual temperature of the region was tending to go up and has increased by 1.2-2.2℃ over the past50 years. A warming jump of mean annual temperature of the region occurred in the 1980s, which hadan increasg amplitude of 0.9℃. Linear tendency rates of annual precipitation were negative in mostof the region. The maximum of annual precipitation decrease was 155.8mm over the past 50 years. Anabrupt decrease of regional annual precipitation happened in the middle of the 1960s, which had adecrease of 102.1mm. Based on the fact of climatic change of the Sanjiang Plain over the past 50years, it is held that the region had larger warming amplitude than that of the surrounding areas inthe recent years, which resulted from the large-scale reclamation of various kinds of wetlands.
基金the Knowledge-Innovation Project of Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research of the Chinese Academy of Science(No.CXIOG-Boo-04)for financial support.
文摘As an important measure of eco-environmental construction, the process ofde-farming in slope farmland is being undertakengradually in the whole China. Meanwhile, theproblem of reducing in food yield in de-farming areas can not be neglected any more. It is especially the case in areas with concentrated slope farmland andinconvenient transportation. In this paper, we analyze the causes of hidden troubles in food security, and the spatial relationship between farmland and slopefarmland in the reservoir area of Three Gorges, and unveil the spatial disparity of contradictions between food supply and demand. Finally, combining the accessibility of areas, three different spatial types offood security, food security area, food alert area, and food crisis area, are divided.
文摘The characteristics of zonal anomaly and change rule of temporal distribution of annual precipitation in the northeastern China are revealed in this paper with EOF (Empirical Orthogonal Function) and REOF (Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function) methods and results are drawn in the standard relief maps with GIS technology for practical application. Data used in the study were obtained from 208 meteorological stations over the northeastern China from 1961 to 2001. EOF results show that the first 3 loading vectors could give entire spatial anomaly structure of annual precipitation. In the Northeast Plain including the Songneng Plain and the Liaohe Plain, there is a regional compatibility (whether wet or dry) of annual precipitation change and this precipitation pattern has occurred since the late 1980s to the present. There also exist annual precipitation patterns of wet (or dry) in south and dry (or wet) in north and wet (or dry) in east and dry (or wet) in west. REOF results display 8 principal precipitation anomaly areas by the first 8 rotated loading vectors: the west plain, the Liaodong hills, the Sanjiang Plain, the Liaoxi hills, the Changbai Mountains, the Hulun Buir Plateau, the southwest plateau and the Liaodong Peninsula.
