Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone associated with an extensive variety of biological functions.Among the roles of prolactin in vertebrates,some were preserved throughout evolution.This is the case of its function in ...Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone associated with an extensive variety of biological functions.Among the roles of prolactin in vertebrates,some were preserved throughout evolution.This is the case of its function in the brain,where prolactin receptors,are expressed in different structures of the central nervous system.In the brain,prolactin actions are principally associated with reproduction and parental behavior,and involves the modulation of adult neurogenesis,neuroprotection,and neuroplasticity,especially during pregnancy,thereby preparing the brain to parenthood.Prolactin is mainly produced by specialized cells in the anterior pituitary gland.However,during vertebrate evolution many other extrapituitary tissues do also produce prolactin,like the immune system,endothelial cells,reproductive structures and in several regions of the brain.This review summarizes the relevance of prolactin for brain function,the sources of prolactin in the central nervous system,as well as its local production and secretion.A highlight on the impact of prolactin in human neurological diseases is also provided.展开更多
L.stoechas subsp.luisieri is one of the five spontaneous species of the genus Lavandula that occurs spontaneously in Portugal.The chemical profile and antifungal activity of L.stoechas subsp.luisieri essential oils we...L.stoechas subsp.luisieri is one of the five spontaneous species of the genus Lavandula that occurs spontaneously in Portugal.The chemical profile and antifungal activity of L.stoechas subsp.luisieri essential oils were investigated.The essential oil of two phenological stages was isolated by hydrodistillation and their chemical components analyzed by GC-FID/GC-MS.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and the minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC)of both essential oils were determinate to verify antifungal activity against different strains of fungi isolated from strawberry tree.The fungi tested were Aspergillus carbonarius,Rhizopus stolonifer,Penicillium brevicompactum,Aureobasidium pullulans and Saccothecium rubi.Essential oils were characterized by a high percentage of oxygenated monoterpenes(46-64%)such as trans-α-necrodyl acetate(12.58%),fenchone(5.97%),1,8-cineole(4.84%)and 5-methylene-2,3,4,4-tetramethylcyclopenten-2-enone(10.97%)were the major compounds in essential oil from dormancy stage,while the main compounds in flowering stage were trans-α-necrodyl acetate(26.90%),trans-α-necrodol(13.02%),lavandulyl acetate(6.53%)and linalool(5.82%).A strong antifungal activity of the essential oils was found against all strains,with MIC and MFC values ranged from 0.07-0.29μL/mL and 0.58-9.33μL/mL,respectively.展开更多
基金supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia(FCT,I.P.,Portugal,http://www.fct.p)project grants UID/Multi/00709/2013 and UID/Multi/00709/2019ARCB is a recipient of a PhD fellowship funded by the FCT(SFRH/BD/121890/2016)+1 种基金supported by the State Budget of the Portuguese Ministry of Science,Technology and Higher Education,by the European Commission and by the European Social Fund through the“Programa Operacional Regional Centro”funded by the grant“Sociedade Portuguesa de Endocrinologia Diabetes e Metabolismovartis Oncology em Patologia Hipofisária 2019”and the European Regional Development Fund through the“Programa Operacional Regional do Centro(Centro 2020)-Sistema de ApoioàInvestigação Científica e Tecnológica-Programas Integrados de IC&DT”(Project Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000019-C4-Centro de Competências em Cloud Computing).
文摘Prolactin is a polypeptide hormone associated with an extensive variety of biological functions.Among the roles of prolactin in vertebrates,some were preserved throughout evolution.This is the case of its function in the brain,where prolactin receptors,are expressed in different structures of the central nervous system.In the brain,prolactin actions are principally associated with reproduction and parental behavior,and involves the modulation of adult neurogenesis,neuroprotection,and neuroplasticity,especially during pregnancy,thereby preparing the brain to parenthood.Prolactin is mainly produced by specialized cells in the anterior pituitary gland.However,during vertebrate evolution many other extrapituitary tissues do also produce prolactin,like the immune system,endothelial cells,reproductive structures and in several regions of the brain.This review summarizes the relevance of prolactin for brain function,the sources of prolactin in the central nervous system,as well as its local production and secretion.A highlight on the impact of prolactin in human neurological diseases is also provided.
基金CENTRO 2020,PROVERE-Operational Program CENTRO-04-3928-FEDER-000009,Strawberry TreeInnovation Platform Action,Portugal 2020 and European Union by FEDER and by COOP4PAM-Cooperar para crescer no setor das plantas aromáticas e medicinais-Projeto INTERREG/Programa Espanha-Portugal(POCTEP),0665_COOP4PAM_4_P.
文摘L.stoechas subsp.luisieri is one of the five spontaneous species of the genus Lavandula that occurs spontaneously in Portugal.The chemical profile and antifungal activity of L.stoechas subsp.luisieri essential oils were investigated.The essential oil of two phenological stages was isolated by hydrodistillation and their chemical components analyzed by GC-FID/GC-MS.The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and the minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC)of both essential oils were determinate to verify antifungal activity against different strains of fungi isolated from strawberry tree.The fungi tested were Aspergillus carbonarius,Rhizopus stolonifer,Penicillium brevicompactum,Aureobasidium pullulans and Saccothecium rubi.Essential oils were characterized by a high percentage of oxygenated monoterpenes(46-64%)such as trans-α-necrodyl acetate(12.58%),fenchone(5.97%),1,8-cineole(4.84%)and 5-methylene-2,3,4,4-tetramethylcyclopenten-2-enone(10.97%)were the major compounds in essential oil from dormancy stage,while the main compounds in flowering stage were trans-α-necrodyl acetate(26.90%),trans-α-necrodol(13.02%),lavandulyl acetate(6.53%)and linalool(5.82%).A strong antifungal activity of the essential oils was found against all strains,with MIC and MFC values ranged from 0.07-0.29μL/mL and 0.58-9.33μL/mL,respectively.
