This work aimed to construct an epidemic model with fuzzy parameters.Since the classical epidemic model doesnot elaborate on the successful interaction of susceptible and infective people,the constructed fuzzy epidemi...This work aimed to construct an epidemic model with fuzzy parameters.Since the classical epidemic model doesnot elaborate on the successful interaction of susceptible and infective people,the constructed fuzzy epidemicmodel discusses the more detailed versions of the interactions between infective and susceptible people.Thenext-generation matrix approach is employed to find the reproduction number of a deterministic model.Thesensitivity analysis and local stability analysis of the systemare also provided.For solving the fuzzy epidemic model,a numerical scheme is constructed which consists of three time levels.The numerical scheme has an advantage overthe existing forward Euler scheme for determining the conditions of getting the positive solution.The establishedscheme also has an advantage over existing non-standard finite difference methods in terms of order of accuracy.The stability of the scheme for the considered fuzzy model is also provided.From the plotted results,it can beobserved that susceptible people decay by rising interaction parameters.展开更多
A computational analysis of magnetized hybrid Darcy-Forchheimer nanofluid flow across a flat surface is presented in this work.For the study of heat and mass transfer aspects viscous dissipation,activation energy,Joul...A computational analysis of magnetized hybrid Darcy-Forchheimer nanofluid flow across a flat surface is presented in this work.For the study of heat and mass transfer aspects viscous dissipation,activation energy,Joule heating,thermal radiation,and heat generation effects are considered.The suspension of nanoparticles singlewalled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)and multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)are created by hybrid nanofluids.However,single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)produce nanofluids,with water acting as conventional fluid,respectively.Nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs)that describe the ultimate flow are converted to nonlinear ordinary differential equations(ODEs)using appropriate similarity transformation.The ODEs are dealt with numerically by means of MATLAB’s inbuilt routine function bvp4c.Velocity,temperature,and concentration profiles are explained pictorially whereas Sherwood number,local skin friction coefficient,and Nusselt number values are represented through bar charts.Thermal radiation and activation parameters shows direct impact on flow field.Furthermore,hybrid nanofluid admits a higher magnitude of velocity and temperature than nanofluid,but the concentration profile exhibits the opposite trend.The notable findings of the present investigation have significant applications in heat combustion and cooling chambers,space technology,the ceramics industry,paint and conductive coatings,bio-sensors,and many more.展开更多
Cases of COVID-19 and its variant omicron are raised all across the world.The most lethal form and effect of COVID-19 are the omicron version,which has been reported in tens of thousands of cases daily in numerous nat...Cases of COVID-19 and its variant omicron are raised all across the world.The most lethal form and effect of COVID-19 are the omicron version,which has been reported in tens of thousands of cases daily in numerous nations.Following WHO(World health organization)records on 30 December 2021,the cases of COVID-19 were found to be maximum for which boarding individuals were found 1,524,266,active,recovered,and discharge were found to be 82,402 and 34,258,778,respectively.While there were 160,989 active cases,33,614,434 cured cases,456,386 total deaths,and 605,885,769 total samples tested.So far,1,438,322,742 individuals have been vaccinated.The coronavirus or COVID-19 is inciting panic for several reasons.It is a new virus that has affected the whole world.Scientists have introduced certain ways to prevent the virus.One can lower the danger of infection by reducing the contact rate with other persons.Avoiding crowded places and social events withmany people reduces the chance of one being exposed to the virus.The deadly COVID-19 spreads speedily.It is thought that the upcoming waves of this pandemicwill be evenmore dreadful.Mathematicians have presented severalmathematical models to study the pandemic and predict future dangers.The need of the hour is to restrict the mobility to control the infection from spreading.Moreover,separating affected individuals from healthy people is essential to control the infection.We consider the COVID-19 model in which the population is divided into five compartments.The present model presents the population’s diffusion effects on all susceptible,exposed,infected,isolated,and recovered compartments.The reproductive number,which has a key role in the infectious models,is discussed.The equilibrium points and their stability is presented.For numerical simulations,finite difference(FD)schemes like nonstandard finite difference(NSFD),forward in time central in space(FTCS),and Crank Nicolson(CN)schemes are implemented.Some core characteristics of schemes like stability and consistency are calculated.展开更多
The present study is concerned with formulating a predator-prey eco-epidemiological mathematical model assuming that an infection exists in the predator species.The two classes of predator species(susceptible and infe...The present study is concerned with formulating a predator-prey eco-epidemiological mathematical model assuming that an infection exists in the predator species.The two classes of predator species(susceptible and infected)compete for the same sources available in the environment with the predation option.It is assumed that the disease does not spread vertically.The proposed model is analyzed for the stability of the coexistence of the predators and prey.The fixed points are carried out,and the coexisting fixed point is studied in detail by constructing the Lyapunov function.The movement of species in search of food or protection in their habitat has a significant influence,examined through diffusion.The ecological influences of self-diffusion on the population density of both species are studied.It is theoretically proved that all the under consideration species can coexist in the same environment.The coexistence fixed point is discussed for both diffusive and non-diffusive cases.Moreover,a numerical scheme is constructed for solving time-dependent partial differential equations.The stability of the scheme is given,and it is applied for solving presently modified eco-epidemiological mathematical model with and without diffusion.The comparison of the constructed scheme with two exiting schemes,Backward in Time and Central in Space(BTCS)and Crank Nicolson,is also given in the form of plots.Finally,we run a computer simulation to determine the effectiveness of the proposed numerical scheme.For readers’convenience,a computational code for the proposed discrete model scheme may be made available upon request.展开更多
Recently, non-invasive, real-time and multi-point measurement of neural activities has become possible by using a multi-electrode array (MEA). Another method for multi-point measurement is the fluorescent imaging tech...Recently, non-invasive, real-time and multi-point measurement of neural activities has become possible by using a multi-electrode array (MEA). Another method for multi-point measurement is the fluorescent imaging technique using voltage indicator dyes or calcium indicator dyes. Especially, calcium imaging using fluorescent calcium indicator dyes is often more useful, because they exhibit larger changes in the fluorescence intensity than voltage indicator dyes and their fluorescence changes can be detect easily. Additionally, calcium signals play key roles in the brain function, such as the long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus, and calcium imaging can be a powerful tool to elucidate the brain function. In this study, we constructed a measurement apparatus combining the MEA system and laser confocal calcium imaging and simultaneously measured electric signals and calcium signals in acute mouse hippocampal slices. The obtained results showed the availability of the present method.展开更多
Isopimpinellin(C13H10O5),alternative name 5,8-dimethoxypsoralen,is one of the furocoumarin compounds.This traditional Chinese medicine extract has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years due to its pharmac...Isopimpinellin(C13H10O5),alternative name 5,8-dimethoxypsoralen,is one of the furocoumarin compounds.This traditional Chinese medicine extract has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years due to its pharmacological properties,especially its antifungal effect.The main purpose of this study was to study the molecular structure and chemical reactivity of isopimpinellin using the density functional theory method.To understand and interpret the reactivity of isopimpinellin,various chemical reactivity descriptors such as chemical potential(μ),electronegativity(χ),chemical hardness(η)and electrophilicity(ω)and local reactivity index condensed Fukui function(fi(r))have been calculated with five hybrid functionals PBE1PBE,MPW1PW91,B3LYP,X3LYP and B3PW91.These chemical reactivity descriptors indicate that the isopimpinellin molecule has a good antioxidant activity,which could be one of the reasons for its action as an effective antifungal drug.The condensed Fukui functions of isopimpinellin molecule provide a complete scheme of chemical reactivity of one molecule.展开更多
This study focuses on the urgent requirement for improved accuracy in diseasemodeling by introducing a newcomputational framework called the Hybrid SIR-Fuzzy Model.By integrating the traditional Susceptible-Infectious...This study focuses on the urgent requirement for improved accuracy in diseasemodeling by introducing a newcomputational framework called the Hybrid SIR-Fuzzy Model.By integrating the traditional Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered(SIR)modelwith fuzzy logic,ourmethod effectively addresses the complex nature of epidemic dynamics by accurately accounting for uncertainties and imprecisions in both data and model parameters.The main aim of this research is to provide a model for disease transmission using fuzzy theory,which can successfully address uncertainty in mathematical modeling.Our main emphasis is on the imprecise transmission rate parameter,utilizing a three-part description of its membership level.This enhances the representation of disease processes with greater complexity and tackles the difficulties related to quantifying uncertainty in mathematical models.We investigate equilibrium points for three separate scenarios and perform a comprehensive sensitivity analysis,providing insight into the complex correlation betweenmodel parameters and epidemic results.In order to facilitate a quantitative analysis of the fuzzy model,we propose the implementation of a resilient numerical scheme.The convergence study of the scheme demonstrates its trustworthiness,providing a conditionally positive solution,which represents a significant improvement compared to current forward Euler schemes.The numerical findings demonstrate themodel’s effectiveness in accurately representing the dynamics of disease transmission.Significantly,when the mortality coefficient rises,both the susceptible and infected populations decrease,highlighting the model’s sensitivity to important epidemiological factors.Moreover,there is a direct relationship between higher Holling type rate values and a decrease in the number of individuals who are infected,as well as an increase in the number of susceptible individuals.This correlation offers a significant understanding of how many elements affect the consequences of an epidemic.Our objective is to enhance decision-making in public health by providing a thorough quantitative analysis of the Hybrid SIR-Fuzzy Model.Our approach not only tackles the existing constraints in disease modeling,but also paves the way for additional investigation,providing a vital instrument for researchers and policymakers alike.展开更多
Northeast China,as the most important production base of agriculture,forestry,and livestock-breeding as well as the old industrial base in the whole country,has been playing a key role in the construction and developm...Northeast China,as the most important production base of agriculture,forestry,and livestock-breeding as well as the old industrial base in the whole country,has been playing a key role in the construction and development of China’s economy.However,after the policy of reform and open-up was taken in China,the economic development speed and efficiency of this area have turned to be evidently lower than those of coastal area and the national average level as well,which is so-called ‘Northeast Phenomenon’ and ‘Neo-Northeast Phenomenon’.In terms of those phenomena,this paper firstly reviews the spatial and temporal features of the regional evolution of this area so as to unveil the profound forming causes of ‘Northeast Phenomena’ and ‘Neo-Northeast Phenomena’.And then the paper makes a further ex-ploration into the status quo of this region and its forming causes by analyzing its economy gross,industrial structure,product structure,regional eco-categories,etc.At the end of the paper,the authors put forward the basic coordinated development strategies for Northeast China,namely we can revitalize this area by means of adjustment of economic structure,regional coordination,planning urban and rural areas as a whole,institutional innovation,etc.展开更多
This paper studies the dynamics of a new fractional-order discrete system based on the Caputo-like difference operator.This is the first study to explore a three-dimensional fractional-order discrete chaotic system wi...This paper studies the dynamics of a new fractional-order discrete system based on the Caputo-like difference operator.This is the first study to explore a three-dimensional fractional-order discrete chaotic system without equilibrium.Through phase portrait,bifurcation diagrams,and largest Lyapunov exponents,it is shown that the proposed fractional-order discrete system exhibits a range of different dynamical behaviors.Also,different tests are used to confirm the existence of chaos,such as 0-1 test and C0 complexity.In addition,the quantification of the level of chaos in the new fractional-order discrete system is measured by the approximate entropy technique.Furthermore,based on the fractional linearization method,a one-dimensional controller to stabilize the new system is proposed.Numerical results are presented to validate the findings of the paper.展开更多
In order to obtain high quality NiO thin film grown with the radio-frequency magnetron sputtering method, the influence of O/Ar ratio on the structure, band-gap, resistivity and optical transmittance of NiO thin films...In order to obtain high quality NiO thin film grown with the radio-frequency magnetron sputtering method, the influence of O/Ar ratio on the structure, band-gap, resistivity and optical transmittance of NiO thin films were studied. It was found that the obtained NiO thin film showed (111) preferred orientation and higher transparency in the visible region. With the increasing of O/Ar ratio from 1∶7 to 8∶2, the optical transmittance of NiO thin films decreased and the optical band-gap was between 3.4 eV and 3.7 eV, and the sheet resistivity decreased from 5.4×107 Ω/□ to 1.0 ×105 Ω/□. Our study shows that the properties of NiO thin films can be adjusted in a wide range by adjusting the O/Ar ratio in the sputtering process.展开更多
The numerous applications of Maxwell Nanofluid Stagnation Point Flow,such as those in production industries,the processing of polymers,compression,power generation,lubrication systems,food manufacturing and air condit...The numerous applications of Maxwell Nanofluid Stagnation Point Flow,such as those in production industries,the processing of polymers,compression,power generation,lubrication systems,food manufacturing and air conditioning,among other applications,require further research into the effects of various parameters on flow phenomena.In this paper,a study has been carried out for the heat andmass transfer of Maxwell nanofluid flow over the heated stretching sheet.A mathematical model with constitutive expressions is constructed in partial differential equations(PDEs)through obligatory basic conservation laws.A series of transformations are then used to take the system into an ordinary differential equation(ODE).The boundary conditions(BCs)are also treated similarly for transforming into first-order ordinary differential equations(ODEs).Then these ODEs are computed by using the Shooting Method.The effect of factors on the skin friction coefficient,the local Nusselt number,and the local Sherwood number are explored,and the results are displayed graphically.The obtained results demonstrate that by increasing the values of the Maxwell and slip velocity parameters,velocity deescalates.For investigators tasked with addressing unresolved difficulties in the realm of enclosures used in industry and engineering,we thought this work would serve as a guide.展开更多
With the emergence and rapid development of nanotechnology,the nanoparticles hybridized with multicomponent lipids are more and more used in gene delivery.These vectors interact with the cell membrane before entering ...With the emergence and rapid development of nanotechnology,the nanoparticles hybridized with multicomponent lipids are more and more used in gene delivery.These vectors interact with the cell membrane before entering into the cell.Therefore,the nature of this interaction is important in investigating multicomponent liposome-nanoparticle(MLP)transport across the cell membrane.In this paper the transport of MLPs across the membranes of giant vesicles(GVs)in solvents is studied by using the self-consistent field theory(SCFT).Based on the analysis of the MLP permeating the GV membranes,a simple transport model is proposed.The effects of the difference in membrane morphology and the size of the nanoparticle on the endocytosis are discussed systematically.The role of energy barriers in quasi-equilibrium is also examined.The results indicate that the interaction between MLP and GV is a spontaneous process and the energy barrier needs overcoming to form metastable intermediates.The results provide theoretical reference for better understanding the transmembrane transport process of nanoparticles,and guidance for relevant experimental studies as well.展开更多
We previously reported that many ingenol compounds derived from Euphoria kansui exhibit topoisomerase inhibitory activity. 20-O-ingenolEZ in these compounds exerted inhibitory effects on both topoisomerase II (topo II...We previously reported that many ingenol compounds derived from Euphoria kansui exhibit topoisomerase inhibitory activity. 20-O-ingenolEZ in these compounds exerted inhibitory effects on both topoisomerase II (topo II) activity and cell proliferative activity. Topoisomerase II inhibitors can be divided into the poison and catalytic inhibitor types and 20-O-ingenolEZ is a catalytic inhibitor and inhibits topo IIα through inhibition of ATPase activity, but induces topo II-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis in BLM-/- DT40 cells through the induction of the DNA damage checkpoint, similar to the poison type inhibitor adriamycin. The ATPase inhibitor of topo II ICRF-193 also showed poison-like characteristics in the same cell line. However, the inhibitory effects of ICRF-193 on the proliferation of BLM-/- DT40 cells differed from those of 20-O-ingenolEZ, as did the specificity of its inhibition of the proliferation of other cell lines. 20-O-ingenolEZ showed hypersensitive inhibition of the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and BLM-/- DT40 cells with mutated DNA repair-related genes.展开更多
Nowadays,action recognition is widely applied in many fields.However,action is hard to define by single modality information.The difference between image recognition and action recognition is that action recognition n...Nowadays,action recognition is widely applied in many fields.However,action is hard to define by single modality information.The difference between image recognition and action recognition is that action recognition needs more modality information to depict one action,such as the appearance,the motion and the dynamic information.Due to the state of action evolves with the change of time,motion information must be considered when representing an action.Most of current methods define an action by spatial information and motion information.There are two key elements of current action recognition methods:spatial information achieved by sampling sparsely on video frames’sequence and the motion content mostly represented by the optical flow which is calculated on consecutive video frames.However,the relevance between them in current methods is weak.Therefore,to strengthen the associativity,this paper presents a new architecture consisted of three streams to obtain multi-modality information.The advantages of our network are:(a)We propose a new sampling approach to sample evenly on the video sequence for acquiring the appearance information;(b)We utilize ResNet101 for gaining high-level and distinguished features;(c)We advance a three-stream architecture to capture temporal,spatial and dynamic information.Experimental results on UCF101 dataset illustrate that our method outperforms other previous methods.展开更多
Background:Leptospirosis is among the leading zoonotic causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Knowledge about spatial patterns of diseases and their underlying processes have the potential to guide intervention e...Background:Leptospirosis is among the leading zoonotic causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Knowledge about spatial patterns of diseases and their underlying processes have the potential to guide intervention efforts.However,leptospirosis is often an underreported and misdiagnosed disease and consequently,spatial patterns of the disease remain unclear.In the absence of accurate epidemiological data in the urban agglomeration of Santa Fe,we used a knowledge-based index and cluster analysis to identify spatial patterns of environmental and socioeconomic suitability for the disease and potential underlying processes that shape them.Methods:We geocoded human leptospirosis cases derived from the Argentinian surveillance system during the period 2010 to 2019.Environmental and socioeconomic databases were obtained from satelite images and publicly available platforms on the web.Two sets of human leptospirosis determinants were considered according to the level of their support by the literature and expert knowledge.We used the Zonation algorithm to build a knowledge-based index and a clustering approach to identify distinct potential sets of determinants.Spatial similarity and correlations between index,clusters,and incidence rates were evaluated.Results:We were able to geocode 56.36%of the human leptospirosis cases reported in the national epidemiological database.The knowledge-based index showed the suitability for human leptospirosis in the UA Santa Fe increased from downtown areas of the largest cities towards peri-urban and suburban areas.Cluster analysis revealed downtown areas were characterized by higher levels of socioeconomic conditions.Peri-urban and suburban areas encompassed two clusters which differed in terms of environmental determinants.The highest incidence rates overlapped areas with the highest suitability scores,the strength of association was low though(CSc r=0.21,P<0.001 and ESc r=0.19,P<0.001).Conclusions:We present a method to analyze the environmental and socioeconomic suitability for human leptospirosis based on literature and expert knowledge.The methodology can be thought as an evolutive and perfectible scheme as more studies are performed in the area and novel information regarding determinants of the disease become available.Our approach can be a valuable tool for decision-makers since it can serve as a baseline to plan interventionmeasures.展开更多
We consider a SEIR epidemic model with infectious force in latent period and infected period under discontinuous treatment.The treatment rate has at most a finite number of jump discontinuities in every compact interv...We consider a SEIR epidemic model with infectious force in latent period and infected period under discontinuous treatment.The treatment rate has at most a finite number of jump discontinuities in every compact interval.By using Lyapunov theory for discontinuous differential equations and other techniques on non-smooth analysis,the basic reproductive number Ro is proved to be a sharp threshold value which completely determines the dynamics of the model.If Ro<1,then there exists a disease-free equilibrium which is globally stable.If Ro>1,the disease-free equilibrium becomes unstable and there exists an endemic equilibrium which is globally stable.We discuss that the disease will die out in a finite time which is impossible for the corresponding SEIR model with continuous treatment.Furthermore,the numerical simulations indicate that strengthening treatment measure after infective individuals reach some level is beneficial to disease control.展开更多
Combined with the advantages and disadvantages of tuned liquid damper (TLD) and tuned mass damper (TMD),a double tuned liquid mass damper (TLMD) is proposed by replacing the rigid connection of TLD with the spring str...Combined with the advantages and disadvantages of tuned liquid damper (TLD) and tuned mass damper (TMD),a double tuned liquid mass damper (TLMD) is proposed by replacing the rigid connection of TLD with the spring structure.The motion equation of a single-degree-of-freedom structure with a TLMD attached at its top is found under harmonic excitation.Comparing the energy consumption and amplitude of primary structure with equal mass ratio TMD,it is found that the energy dissipation performance of TLMD is better in the effective phase region.The interaction process between TLMD and structure is analyzed,and the formula of phase deviation between the relative velocity of tank and the displacement of primary structure is deduced.By analyzing the influence of mass ratio,frequency ratio,damping ratio and water depth ratio on the damping effect,the results show that the frequency ratio and liquid depth ratio have great influence on the size and location of deep resonance peak,and the mass ratio and damping ratio have great influence on the width of the effective frequency band.The formula of equivalent damping ratio is proposed based on the principle of energy and it is found that the equivalent damping ratio is related to the phase deviation and change with the frequency ratio of the external excitation.展开更多
基金the support of Prince Sultan University for paying the article processing charges(APC)of this publication.
文摘This work aimed to construct an epidemic model with fuzzy parameters.Since the classical epidemic model doesnot elaborate on the successful interaction of susceptible and infective people,the constructed fuzzy epidemicmodel discusses the more detailed versions of the interactions between infective and susceptible people.Thenext-generation matrix approach is employed to find the reproduction number of a deterministic model.Thesensitivity analysis and local stability analysis of the systemare also provided.For solving the fuzzy epidemic model,a numerical scheme is constructed which consists of three time levels.The numerical scheme has an advantage overthe existing forward Euler scheme for determining the conditions of getting the positive solution.The establishedscheme also has an advantage over existing non-standard finite difference methods in terms of order of accuracy.The stability of the scheme for the considered fuzzy model is also provided.From the plotted results,it can beobserved that susceptible people decay by rising interaction parameters.
文摘A computational analysis of magnetized hybrid Darcy-Forchheimer nanofluid flow across a flat surface is presented in this work.For the study of heat and mass transfer aspects viscous dissipation,activation energy,Joule heating,thermal radiation,and heat generation effects are considered.The suspension of nanoparticles singlewalled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)and multi-walled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs)are created by hybrid nanofluids.However,single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)produce nanofluids,with water acting as conventional fluid,respectively.Nonlinear partial differential equations(PDEs)that describe the ultimate flow are converted to nonlinear ordinary differential equations(ODEs)using appropriate similarity transformation.The ODEs are dealt with numerically by means of MATLAB’s inbuilt routine function bvp4c.Velocity,temperature,and concentration profiles are explained pictorially whereas Sherwood number,local skin friction coefficient,and Nusselt number values are represented through bar charts.Thermal radiation and activation parameters shows direct impact on flow field.Furthermore,hybrid nanofluid admits a higher magnitude of velocity and temperature than nanofluid,but the concentration profile exhibits the opposite trend.The notable findings of the present investigation have significant applications in heat combustion and cooling chambers,space technology,the ceramics industry,paint and conductive coatings,bio-sensors,and many more.
基金supported by the research grants Seed ProjectPrince Sultan UniversitySaudi Arabia SEED-2022-CHS-100.
文摘Cases of COVID-19 and its variant omicron are raised all across the world.The most lethal form and effect of COVID-19 are the omicron version,which has been reported in tens of thousands of cases daily in numerous nations.Following WHO(World health organization)records on 30 December 2021,the cases of COVID-19 were found to be maximum for which boarding individuals were found 1,524,266,active,recovered,and discharge were found to be 82,402 and 34,258,778,respectively.While there were 160,989 active cases,33,614,434 cured cases,456,386 total deaths,and 605,885,769 total samples tested.So far,1,438,322,742 individuals have been vaccinated.The coronavirus or COVID-19 is inciting panic for several reasons.It is a new virus that has affected the whole world.Scientists have introduced certain ways to prevent the virus.One can lower the danger of infection by reducing the contact rate with other persons.Avoiding crowded places and social events withmany people reduces the chance of one being exposed to the virus.The deadly COVID-19 spreads speedily.It is thought that the upcoming waves of this pandemicwill be evenmore dreadful.Mathematicians have presented severalmathematical models to study the pandemic and predict future dangers.The need of the hour is to restrict the mobility to control the infection from spreading.Moreover,separating affected individuals from healthy people is essential to control the infection.We consider the COVID-19 model in which the population is divided into five compartments.The present model presents the population’s diffusion effects on all susceptible,exposed,infected,isolated,and recovered compartments.The reproductive number,which has a key role in the infectious models,is discussed.The equilibrium points and their stability is presented.For numerical simulations,finite difference(FD)schemes like nonstandard finite difference(NSFD),forward in time central in space(FTCS),and Crank Nicolson(CN)schemes are implemented.Some core characteristics of schemes like stability and consistency are calculated.
基金support of Prince Sultan University for paying the Article Processing Charges(APC)of this publication。
文摘The present study is concerned with formulating a predator-prey eco-epidemiological mathematical model assuming that an infection exists in the predator species.The two classes of predator species(susceptible and infected)compete for the same sources available in the environment with the predation option.It is assumed that the disease does not spread vertically.The proposed model is analyzed for the stability of the coexistence of the predators and prey.The fixed points are carried out,and the coexisting fixed point is studied in detail by constructing the Lyapunov function.The movement of species in search of food or protection in their habitat has a significant influence,examined through diffusion.The ecological influences of self-diffusion on the population density of both species are studied.It is theoretically proved that all the under consideration species can coexist in the same environment.The coexistence fixed point is discussed for both diffusive and non-diffusive cases.Moreover,a numerical scheme is constructed for solving time-dependent partial differential equations.The stability of the scheme is given,and it is applied for solving presently modified eco-epidemiological mathematical model with and without diffusion.The comparison of the constructed scheme with two exiting schemes,Backward in Time and Central in Space(BTCS)and Crank Nicolson,is also given in the form of plots.Finally,we run a computer simulation to determine the effectiveness of the proposed numerical scheme.For readers’convenience,a computational code for the proposed discrete model scheme may be made available upon request.
文摘Recently, non-invasive, real-time and multi-point measurement of neural activities has become possible by using a multi-electrode array (MEA). Another method for multi-point measurement is the fluorescent imaging technique using voltage indicator dyes or calcium indicator dyes. Especially, calcium imaging using fluorescent calcium indicator dyes is often more useful, because they exhibit larger changes in the fluorescence intensity than voltage indicator dyes and their fluorescence changes can be detect easily. Additionally, calcium signals play key roles in the brain function, such as the long-term potentiation (LTP) in the hippocampus, and calcium imaging can be a powerful tool to elucidate the brain function. In this study, we constructed a measurement apparatus combining the MEA system and laser confocal calcium imaging and simultaneously measured electric signals and calcium signals in acute mouse hippocampal slices. The obtained results showed the availability of the present method.
文摘Isopimpinellin(C13H10O5),alternative name 5,8-dimethoxypsoralen,is one of the furocoumarin compounds.This traditional Chinese medicine extract has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years due to its pharmacological properties,especially its antifungal effect.The main purpose of this study was to study the molecular structure and chemical reactivity of isopimpinellin using the density functional theory method.To understand and interpret the reactivity of isopimpinellin,various chemical reactivity descriptors such as chemical potential(μ),electronegativity(χ),chemical hardness(η)and electrophilicity(ω)and local reactivity index condensed Fukui function(fi(r))have been calculated with five hybrid functionals PBE1PBE,MPW1PW91,B3LYP,X3LYP and B3PW91.These chemical reactivity descriptors indicate that the isopimpinellin molecule has a good antioxidant activity,which could be one of the reasons for its action as an effective antifungal drug.The condensed Fukui functions of isopimpinellin molecule provide a complete scheme of chemical reactivity of one molecule.
文摘This study focuses on the urgent requirement for improved accuracy in diseasemodeling by introducing a newcomputational framework called the Hybrid SIR-Fuzzy Model.By integrating the traditional Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered(SIR)modelwith fuzzy logic,ourmethod effectively addresses the complex nature of epidemic dynamics by accurately accounting for uncertainties and imprecisions in both data and model parameters.The main aim of this research is to provide a model for disease transmission using fuzzy theory,which can successfully address uncertainty in mathematical modeling.Our main emphasis is on the imprecise transmission rate parameter,utilizing a three-part description of its membership level.This enhances the representation of disease processes with greater complexity and tackles the difficulties related to quantifying uncertainty in mathematical models.We investigate equilibrium points for three separate scenarios and perform a comprehensive sensitivity analysis,providing insight into the complex correlation betweenmodel parameters and epidemic results.In order to facilitate a quantitative analysis of the fuzzy model,we propose the implementation of a resilient numerical scheme.The convergence study of the scheme demonstrates its trustworthiness,providing a conditionally positive solution,which represents a significant improvement compared to current forward Euler schemes.The numerical findings demonstrate themodel’s effectiveness in accurately representing the dynamics of disease transmission.Significantly,when the mortality coefficient rises,both the susceptible and infected populations decrease,highlighting the model’s sensitivity to important epidemiological factors.Moreover,there is a direct relationship between higher Holling type rate values and a decrease in the number of individuals who are infected,as well as an increase in the number of susceptible individuals.This correlation offers a significant understanding of how many elements affect the consequences of an epidemic.Our objective is to enhance decision-making in public health by providing a thorough quantitative analysis of the Hybrid SIR-Fuzzy Model.Our approach not only tackles the existing constraints in disease modeling,but also paves the way for additional investigation,providing a vital instrument for researchers and policymakers alike.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40471040)
文摘Northeast China,as the most important production base of agriculture,forestry,and livestock-breeding as well as the old industrial base in the whole country,has been playing a key role in the construction and development of China’s economy.However,after the policy of reform and open-up was taken in China,the economic development speed and efficiency of this area have turned to be evidently lower than those of coastal area and the national average level as well,which is so-called ‘Northeast Phenomenon’ and ‘Neo-Northeast Phenomenon’.In terms of those phenomena,this paper firstly reviews the spatial and temporal features of the regional evolution of this area so as to unveil the profound forming causes of ‘Northeast Phenomena’ and ‘Neo-Northeast Phenomena’.And then the paper makes a further ex-ploration into the status quo of this region and its forming causes by analyzing its economy gross,industrial structure,product structure,regional eco-categories,etc.At the end of the paper,the authors put forward the basic coordinated development strategies for Northeast China,namely we can revitalize this area by means of adjustment of economic structure,regional coordination,planning urban and rural areas as a whole,institutional innovation,etc.
基金The author Adel Ouannas was supported by the Directorate General for Scientific Research and Technological Development of Algeria.The author Shaher Momani was supported by Ajman University in UAE.
文摘This paper studies the dynamics of a new fractional-order discrete system based on the Caputo-like difference operator.This is the first study to explore a three-dimensional fractional-order discrete chaotic system without equilibrium.Through phase portrait,bifurcation diagrams,and largest Lyapunov exponents,it is shown that the proposed fractional-order discrete system exhibits a range of different dynamical behaviors.Also,different tests are used to confirm the existence of chaos,such as 0-1 test and C0 complexity.In addition,the quantification of the level of chaos in the new fractional-order discrete system is measured by the approximate entropy technique.Furthermore,based on the fractional linearization method,a one-dimensional controller to stabilize the new system is proposed.Numerical results are presented to validate the findings of the paper.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11004016)
文摘In order to obtain high quality NiO thin film grown with the radio-frequency magnetron sputtering method, the influence of O/Ar ratio on the structure, band-gap, resistivity and optical transmittance of NiO thin films were studied. It was found that the obtained NiO thin film showed (111) preferred orientation and higher transparency in the visible region. With the increasing of O/Ar ratio from 1∶7 to 8∶2, the optical transmittance of NiO thin films decreased and the optical band-gap was between 3.4 eV and 3.7 eV, and the sheet resistivity decreased from 5.4×107 Ω/□ to 1.0 ×105 Ω/□. Our study shows that the properties of NiO thin films can be adjusted in a wide range by adjusting the O/Ar ratio in the sputtering process.
基金the support of Prince Sultan University for paying the Article Processing Charges(APC)of this publication.
文摘The numerous applications of Maxwell Nanofluid Stagnation Point Flow,such as those in production industries,the processing of polymers,compression,power generation,lubrication systems,food manufacturing and air conditioning,among other applications,require further research into the effects of various parameters on flow phenomena.In this paper,a study has been carried out for the heat andmass transfer of Maxwell nanofluid flow over the heated stretching sheet.A mathematical model with constitutive expressions is constructed in partial differential equations(PDEs)through obligatory basic conservation laws.A series of transformations are then used to take the system into an ordinary differential equation(ODE).The boundary conditions(BCs)are also treated similarly for transforming into first-order ordinary differential equations(ODEs).Then these ODEs are computed by using the Shooting Method.The effect of factors on the skin friction coefficient,the local Nusselt number,and the local Sherwood number are explored,and the results are displayed graphically.The obtained results demonstrate that by increasing the values of the Maxwell and slip velocity parameters,velocity deescalates.For investigators tasked with addressing unresolved difficulties in the realm of enclosures used in industry and engineering,we thought this work would serve as a guide.
基金Project supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Higher Education in Shanxi Province,China(Grant No.2020L0752)the Basic Research Foundation Project in Modern College of Humanities and Sciences of Shanxi Normal University,China(Grant No.2020JCYJ25)the Graduate Student Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shanxi Normal University,China(Grant No.01053011)。
文摘With the emergence and rapid development of nanotechnology,the nanoparticles hybridized with multicomponent lipids are more and more used in gene delivery.These vectors interact with the cell membrane before entering into the cell.Therefore,the nature of this interaction is important in investigating multicomponent liposome-nanoparticle(MLP)transport across the cell membrane.In this paper the transport of MLPs across the membranes of giant vesicles(GVs)in solvents is studied by using the self-consistent field theory(SCFT).Based on the analysis of the MLP permeating the GV membranes,a simple transport model is proposed.The effects of the difference in membrane morphology and the size of the nanoparticle on the endocytosis are discussed systematically.The role of energy barriers in quasi-equilibrium is also examined.The results indicate that the interaction between MLP and GV is a spontaneous process and the energy barrier needs overcoming to form metastable intermediates.The results provide theoretical reference for better understanding the transmembrane transport process of nanoparticles,and guidance for relevant experimental studies as well.
文摘We previously reported that many ingenol compounds derived from Euphoria kansui exhibit topoisomerase inhibitory activity. 20-O-ingenolEZ in these compounds exerted inhibitory effects on both topoisomerase II (topo II) activity and cell proliferative activity. Topoisomerase II inhibitors can be divided into the poison and catalytic inhibitor types and 20-O-ingenolEZ is a catalytic inhibitor and inhibits topo IIα through inhibition of ATPase activity, but induces topo II-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis in BLM-/- DT40 cells through the induction of the DNA damage checkpoint, similar to the poison type inhibitor adriamycin. The ATPase inhibitor of topo II ICRF-193 also showed poison-like characteristics in the same cell line. However, the inhibitory effects of ICRF-193 on the proliferation of BLM-/- DT40 cells differed from those of 20-O-ingenolEZ, as did the specificity of its inhibition of the proliferation of other cell lines. 20-O-ingenolEZ showed hypersensitive inhibition of the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and BLM-/- DT40 cells with mutated DNA repair-related genes.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61672150,61907007)by the Fund of the Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department Project(Nos.20180201089GX,20190201305JC)+1 种基金Provincial Department of Education Project(Nos.JJKH20190291KJ,JJKH20190294KJ,JJKH20190355KJ)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2412019FZ049).
文摘Nowadays,action recognition is widely applied in many fields.However,action is hard to define by single modality information.The difference between image recognition and action recognition is that action recognition needs more modality information to depict one action,such as the appearance,the motion and the dynamic information.Due to the state of action evolves with the change of time,motion information must be considered when representing an action.Most of current methods define an action by spatial information and motion information.There are two key elements of current action recognition methods:spatial information achieved by sampling sparsely on video frames’sequence and the motion content mostly represented by the optical flow which is calculated on consecutive video frames.However,the relevance between them in current methods is weak.Therefore,to strengthen the associativity,this paper presents a new architecture consisted of three streams to obtain multi-modality information.The advantages of our network are:(a)We propose a new sampling approach to sample evenly on the video sequence for acquiring the appearance information;(b)We utilize ResNet101 for gaining high-level and distinguished features;(c)We advance a three-stream architecture to capture temporal,spatial and dynamic information.Experimental results on UCF101 dataset illustrate that our method outperforms other previous methods.
文摘Background:Leptospirosis is among the leading zoonotic causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Knowledge about spatial patterns of diseases and their underlying processes have the potential to guide intervention efforts.However,leptospirosis is often an underreported and misdiagnosed disease and consequently,spatial patterns of the disease remain unclear.In the absence of accurate epidemiological data in the urban agglomeration of Santa Fe,we used a knowledge-based index and cluster analysis to identify spatial patterns of environmental and socioeconomic suitability for the disease and potential underlying processes that shape them.Methods:We geocoded human leptospirosis cases derived from the Argentinian surveillance system during the period 2010 to 2019.Environmental and socioeconomic databases were obtained from satelite images and publicly available platforms on the web.Two sets of human leptospirosis determinants were considered according to the level of their support by the literature and expert knowledge.We used the Zonation algorithm to build a knowledge-based index and a clustering approach to identify distinct potential sets of determinants.Spatial similarity and correlations between index,clusters,and incidence rates were evaluated.Results:We were able to geocode 56.36%of the human leptospirosis cases reported in the national epidemiological database.The knowledge-based index showed the suitability for human leptospirosis in the UA Santa Fe increased from downtown areas of the largest cities towards peri-urban and suburban areas.Cluster analysis revealed downtown areas were characterized by higher levels of socioeconomic conditions.Peri-urban and suburban areas encompassed two clusters which differed in terms of environmental determinants.The highest incidence rates overlapped areas with the highest suitability scores,the strength of association was low though(CSc r=0.21,P<0.001 and ESc r=0.19,P<0.001).Conclusions:We present a method to analyze the environmental and socioeconomic suitability for human leptospirosis based on literature and expert knowledge.The methodology can be thought as an evolutive and perfectible scheme as more studies are performed in the area and novel information regarding determinants of the disease become available.Our approach can be a valuable tool for decision-makers since it can serve as a baseline to plan interventionmeasures.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(11271154).
文摘We consider a SEIR epidemic model with infectious force in latent period and infected period under discontinuous treatment.The treatment rate has at most a finite number of jump discontinuities in every compact interval.By using Lyapunov theory for discontinuous differential equations and other techniques on non-smooth analysis,the basic reproductive number Ro is proved to be a sharp threshold value which completely determines the dynamics of the model.If Ro<1,then there exists a disease-free equilibrium which is globally stable.If Ro>1,the disease-free equilibrium becomes unstable and there exists an endemic equilibrium which is globally stable.We discuss that the disease will die out in a finite time which is impossible for the corresponding SEIR model with continuous treatment.Furthermore,the numerical simulations indicate that strengthening treatment measure after infective individuals reach some level is beneficial to disease control.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51578434 and 51378500)。
文摘Combined with the advantages and disadvantages of tuned liquid damper (TLD) and tuned mass damper (TMD),a double tuned liquid mass damper (TLMD) is proposed by replacing the rigid connection of TLD with the spring structure.The motion equation of a single-degree-of-freedom structure with a TLMD attached at its top is found under harmonic excitation.Comparing the energy consumption and amplitude of primary structure with equal mass ratio TMD,it is found that the energy dissipation performance of TLMD is better in the effective phase region.The interaction process between TLMD and structure is analyzed,and the formula of phase deviation between the relative velocity of tank and the displacement of primary structure is deduced.By analyzing the influence of mass ratio,frequency ratio,damping ratio and water depth ratio on the damping effect,the results show that the frequency ratio and liquid depth ratio have great influence on the size and location of deep resonance peak,and the mass ratio and damping ratio have great influence on the width of the effective frequency band.The formula of equivalent damping ratio is proposed based on the principle of energy and it is found that the equivalent damping ratio is related to the phase deviation and change with the frequency ratio of the external excitation.
