This research proposes a highly effective soft computing paradigm for estimating the compressive strength(CS)of metakaolin-contained cemented materials.The proposed approach is a combination of an enhanced grey wolf o...This research proposes a highly effective soft computing paradigm for estimating the compressive strength(CS)of metakaolin-contained cemented materials.The proposed approach is a combination of an enhanced grey wolf optimizer(EGWO)and an extreme learning machine(ELM).EGWO is an augmented form of the classic grey wolf optimizer(GWO).Compared to standard GWO,EGWO has a better hunting mechanism and produces an optimal performance.The EGWO was used to optimize the ELM structure and a hybrid model,ELM-EGWO,was built.To train and validate the proposed ELM-EGWO model,a sum of 361 experimental results featuring five influencing factors was collected.Based on sensitivity analysis,three distinct cases of influencing parameters were considered to investigate the effect of influencing factors on predictive precision.Experimental consequences show that the constructed ELM-EGWO achieved the most accurate precision in both training(RMSE=0.0959)and testing(RMSE=0.0912)phases.The outcomes of the ELM-EGWO are significantly superior to those of deep neural networks(DNN),k-nearest neighbors(KNN),long short-term memory(LSTM),and other hybrid ELMs constructed with GWO,particle swarm optimization(PSO),harris hawks optimization(HHO),salp swarm algorithm(SSA),marine predators algorithm(MPA),and colony predation algorithm(CPA).The overall results demonstrate that the newly suggested ELM-EGWO has the potential to estimate the CS of metakaolin-contained cemented materials with a high degree of precision and robustness.展开更多
In this article,mathematical modeling for the evaluation of reliability is studied using two methods.One of the methods,is developed based on possibility theory.The performance of the reliability of the system is of p...In this article,mathematical modeling for the evaluation of reliability is studied using two methods.One of the methods,is developed based on possibility theory.The performance of the reliability of the system is of prime concern.In view of this,the outcomes for the failure are required to evaluate with utmost care.In possibility theory,the reliability information data determined from decision-making experts are subjective.The samemethod is also related to the survival possibilities as against the survival probabilities.The other method is the one that is developed using the concept of approximation of closed interval including the piecewise quadratic fuzzy numbers.In this method,a decision-making expert is not sure of his/her estimates of the reliability parameters.Numerical experiments are performed to illustrate the efficiency of the suggested methods in this research.In the end,the paper is concluded with some future research directions to be explored for the proposed approach.展开更多
In this research,a numerical study of mixed convection of non-Newtonian fluid and magnetic field effect along a vertical wavy surface was investigated.A simple coordinate transformation to transform wavy surface to a ...In this research,a numerical study of mixed convection of non-Newtonian fluid and magnetic field effect along a vertical wavy surface was investigated.A simple coordinate transformation to transform wavy surface to a flat surface is employed.A cubic spline collocation numerical method is employed to analyze transformed equations.The effect of various parameters such as Reynolds number,volume fraction 0-,Hartmann number,and amplitude of wave length was evaluated in improving the performance of a wavy microchannel.According to the presented results,the sinusoidal shape of the microchannel has a direct impact on heat transfer.By increasing the microchannel wave amplitude,the Nusselt number has risen.On the other hand,increasing the heat transfer in the higher wavelength ratio corrugated channel is seen as an effective method of increasing the heat transfer,especially at higher Reynolds numbers.The results showed that with increasing Hartmann numbers,the flow line near thewall becomesmore regular and,according to the temperature gradient created,theNusselt number growth.展开更多
The main object of this paper is to deduce the bibasic Humbert functions Ξ_(1) and Ξ_(2)Some interesting results and elementary summations technique that was successfully employed,q-recursion,q-derivatives relations...The main object of this paper is to deduce the bibasic Humbert functions Ξ_(1) and Ξ_(2)Some interesting results and elementary summations technique that was successfully employed,q-recursion,q-derivatives relations,the q-differential recursion relations,the q-integral representations for Ξ_(1) and Ξ_(2)are given.The summation formula derives a list of p-analogues of transformation formulas for bibasic Humbert functions that have been studied,also some hypergeometric functions properties of some new interesting special cases have been given.展开更多
Breast cancer is a significant threat to the global population,affecting not only women but also a threat to the entire population.With recent advancements in digital pathology,Eosin and hematoxylin images provide enh...Breast cancer is a significant threat to the global population,affecting not only women but also a threat to the entire population.With recent advancements in digital pathology,Eosin and hematoxylin images provide enhanced clarity in examiningmicroscopic features of breast tissues based on their staining properties.Early cancer detection facilitates the quickening of the therapeutic process,thereby increasing survival rates.The analysis made by medical professionals,especially pathologists,is time-consuming and challenging,and there arises a need for automated breast cancer detection systems.The upcoming artificial intelligence platforms,especially deep learning models,play an important role in image diagnosis and prediction.Initially,the histopathology biopsy images are taken from standard data sources.Further,the gathered images are given as input to the Multi-Scale Dilated Vision Transformer,where the essential features are acquired.Subsequently,the features are subjected to the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM)for classifying the breast cancer disorder.The efficacy of the model is evaluated using divergent metrics.When compared with other methods,the proposed work reveals that it offers impressive results for detection.展开更多
Hypersoft set is an extension of soft set as it further partitions each attribute into its corresponding attribute-valued set.This structure is more flexible and useful as it addresses the limitation of soft set for d...Hypersoft set is an extension of soft set as it further partitions each attribute into its corresponding attribute-valued set.This structure is more flexible and useful as it addresses the limitation of soft set for dealing with the scenarios having disjoint attribute-valued sets corresponding to distinct attributes.The main purpose of this study is to make the existing literature regarding neutrosophic parameterized soft set in line with the need of multi-attribute approximate function.Firstly,we conceptualize the neutrosophic parameterized hypersoft sets under the settings of fuzzy set,intuitionistic fuzzy set and neutrosophic set along with some of their elementary properties and set theoretic operations.Secondly,we propose decision-making-based algorithms with the help of these theories.Moreover,illustrative examples are presented which depict the structural validity for successful application to the problems involving vagueness and uncertainties.Lastly,the generalization of the proposed structure is discussed.展开更多
The effect of the valence band tail width on the open circuit voltage of P3HT：PCBM bulk heterojunction solar cell is investigated by using the AMPS-1D computer program. An effective medium model with exponential vale...The effect of the valence band tail width on the open circuit voltage of P3HT：PCBM bulk heterojunction solar cell is investigated by using the AMPS-1D computer program. An effective medium model with exponential valence and conduction band tail states is used to simulate the photovoltaic cell. The simulation result shows that the open circuit voltage depends Iinearly on the logarithm of the generation rate and the slope depends on the width of the valence band tail. The open circuit voltage decreases with the increasing width of the band tail. The dark and light ideality factors increase with the width of the valence band tail.展开更多
To check the dose uniformity and to determine the efficiency of medical devices sterilization by gamma irradiation after three half lives of the source, calculations of the absorbed dose were carried out. Monte Carlo ...To check the dose uniformity and to determine the efficiency of medical devices sterilization by gamma irradiation after three half lives of the source, calculations of the absorbed dose were carried out. Monte Carlo simulations and dosimetry measurements, were established to study the radiation processing quality control. An isodose chart was created by GEANT4 Monte Carlo code to evaluate the absorbed dose rate uniformity inside the irradiation room from the year of the installation until the year of the source reload. The dose uniformity ratio(DUR) is deduced from maximum and minimum experimental doses in medical devices after three half lives of the source.展开更多
In continuation of our recent report on molybdates [Appl. Phys. A 124, 44(2018)], the structural, electronic, elastic,and optical properties of ZMoO3(Z = Ba and Sr) molybdates are investigated under pressure(10 GPa–5...In continuation of our recent report on molybdates [Appl. Phys. A 124, 44(2018)], the structural, electronic, elastic,and optical properties of ZMoO3(Z = Ba and Sr) molybdates are investigated under pressure(10 GPa–50 GPa) comprehensively by deploying the density functional theory. Our investigations show that the studied compounds exhibit stable cubic phase with metallic attributes. The thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy of formation, Debye, and melting temperatures of the compounds are observed to increase with pressure. While the Gr¨uninsen parameter and the coefficient of super-plastic deformation decrease as the pressure increases. Mechanical properties elucidate an increase in measured values of hardness, bulk, shear, and young’s moduli with pressure. Our results suggest that the studied compounds are useful in high pressure optoelectronic devices. The optical properties of BaMoO3(BMO) and SrMoO3(SMO) are computed for the radiation of up to 35 eV. The present compounds show beneficial optical applications in the anti-reflection coating,lenses, and the high avoiding solar heating applications in the variant applied pressure.展开更多
In this paper,we present a proposed method for generating a soft rough approximation as a modification and generalization of Zhaowen et al.approach.Comparisons were obtained between our approach and the previous study...In this paper,we present a proposed method for generating a soft rough approximation as a modification and generalization of Zhaowen et al.approach.Comparisons were obtained between our approach and the previous study and also.Eventually,an application on Coronavirus(COVID-19)has been presented,illustrated using our proposed concept,and some influencing results for symptoms of Coronavirus patients have been deduced.Moreover,following these concepts,we construct an algorithm and apply it to a decision-making problem to demonstrate the applicability of our proposed approach.Finally,a proposed approach that competes with others has been obtained,as well as realistic results for patients with Coronavirus.Moreover,we used MATLAB programming to obtain the results;these results are consistent with those of theWorld Health Organization and an accurate proposal competing with the method of Zhaowen et al.has been studied.Therefore,it is recommended that our proposed concept be used in future decision making.展开更多
Mountains are biodiversity hotspots,and due to their unique microclimatic circumstances,they host a vast range of endemic species.There are two main hypotheses,the Rapoport and the mid-domain effect hypotheses,which e...Mountains are biodiversity hotspots,and due to their unique microclimatic circumstances,they host a vast range of endemic species.There are two main hypotheses,the Rapoport and the mid-domain effect hypotheses,which explain how elevation and species richness are linked.The current study was conducted in the Al-Hada escarpment,which is a unique area in the world.It is located on the border of Eurasia and Africa,where there are a lot of plant species from both places.The study aimed to detect the effect of elevation on the floristic composition of the study area.The obtained results showed that the Al-Hada escarpment flora consists of 297 species belonging to 194 genera and fifty-seven distinct families.Only two families,Poaceae and Asteracae,had 22%of the whole recorded species.The obtained results showed that with increasing elevation,the numbers of species,genera,and families increased,in accordance with the Rapoport hypothesis.The numbers of families increased by 62%from the lowest elevation to the highest one,while the numbers of both species and genera increased by more than twofolds.Therophytes exhibited the maximum number,which was 44%,and Chamaephytes came in second with 25%.Phanerophytes and hemicryptophytes made up 13%and 11%of all life forms,respectively,while geophytes made up just 7%.Monoregional elements represented 33.2%of the total recorded species,where Saharo-Sindian species had the most monoregional species,accounting for around 13%of the total species.At the highest elevation,succulents accounted for 7.6%of the research area,whereas Nfixing plants accounted for 6.2%.At the highest elevation,they had the lowest value,and at the middle elevation,they had the highest value.With the rise in elevation,the neotropical,endemic,and Mediterranean elements rose.Succulents and Nfixing species did not show a clear relationship with the elevation but exhibited the lowest value at the highest elevation,and vice versa.Therophytes and geophytes increased while the number of hemicryptophytes decreased with elevation.Surprisingly,phanerophytes did not show any relationship with elevation,while,with the rise in elevation,the pan-tropical,endemic,and Mediterranean elements rose.Neotropical and Saharo-Sindian elements decreased with the rise in elevation.Considering our results,we can conclude that the relationship of taxa diversity with the different altitude of the arid subtropical regions’mountains,whose elevation does not exceed 2000 m(without human disturbance),confirms the Rapoport hypothesis.展开更多
Toxoplasmosis is a globally diwstributed parasitic protozoan disease,caused by Toxoplasma gondii.The infection can result in more severe symptoms with potentially life-threatening in case of immunocompromised individu...Toxoplasmosis is a globally diwstributed parasitic protozoan disease,caused by Toxoplasma gondii.The infection can result in more severe symptoms with potentially life-threatening in case of immunocompromised individuals.Sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine are the two drugs used as a part of standard therapy for toxoplasmosis.Researchers have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants for toxoplasmosis,which can be used as an alternative to standard drug therapy with reduced side effects.Traditional herbal plants are used by people to cure a large number of parasitic disorders.This review provides new insights into various medicinal plants that are used traditionally for the treatment of toxoplasmosis and other parasitic infections,which can be useful as an alternative treatment option for Toxoplasma gondii infections.展开更多
Seventy adult male albino rats were randomly allotted into 3 main groups: control group (n = 10), acute stress-exposed group (n = 30) and chronic stress-exposed group (n = 30). Each of the stressed groups was subdivid...Seventy adult male albino rats were randomly allotted into 3 main groups: control group (n = 10), acute stress-exposed group (n = 30) and chronic stress-exposed group (n = 30). Each of the stressed groups was subdivided into 3 equal subgroups (n = 10/subgroup, SG): subgroup 1 animals were exposed to immobilization stress, SG2 animals, were given immobilization stress and supplemented with α-tocopherol (vitamin E), SG3 animals were exposed to immobilization stress and supplemented with ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Immobilization stress exposure was applied once for 6 continuous hours in the acute stressed group and was 6 hours daily for 10 consecutive days in the chronic stressed group. In all vitamin supplemented groups, both vitamin E and C were administered orally mixed with the diet in a similar dose of 500 mg/kg diet. This supplementation started 6 weeks prior to the stress exposure and continued throughout the experimental period. At the end of the last immobilization session, sera were harvested from all animals thereafter, animals were sacrificed and the testes were immediately excised and processed for further biochemical investigations. Serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels were measured and the activities of antioxidant enzymes [catalase (CAT) & glutathione-s-transferase (GST)] as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were determined in sera and testes. Compared to control, the results revealed that acute and chronic immobilization stress caused significant decrease in levels of serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH). Also, significant reductions (P < 0.01) were found in the activities of CAT and GST in sera and testes. Contrariwise, there existed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in MDA concentrations in serum and testis. Co-administration of vitamin E or C relatively restored (P < 0.01) the above parameters. Thus, this study draws a conclusion that immobilization stress of male rats significantly inhibited testosterone secretion and induced oxidative stress which partially mediated this inhibition. It also proved a protective role of vitamin E and C against the oxidative stress-induced down-regulation of testosterone secretion with a better efficacy of vitamin E.展开更多
Introduction: Assessing global health status includes tracking illness, disability, and mortality. Environmental and social factors as well as health initiatives impact people’s health. Assessing health outcomes in t...Introduction: Assessing global health status includes tracking illness, disability, and mortality. Environmental and social factors as well as health initiatives impact people’s health. Assessing health outcomes in terms of mortality and morbidity, which are included in the global disease burden, is critical for monitoring progress in development and health, as well as for selecting how to allocate available resources effectively, to achieve positive health outcomes. Studies on the epidemiology, burden, and challenges of COVID-19 and malaria remain scarce. There isn’t much information on how malaria susceptibility and immune response are affected by co-infection with COVID-19, and vice versa. This article highlights the commonalities between malaria and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reviews the epidemiology, burden, and challenges of each, and outlines how global health authorities have responded to the burden and challenges. Methods: We used The World Health Organization Disease Situation Dashboard as the primary resource for obtaining information on malaria and COVID-19. The World Malaria Reports for 2020 and 2021 were used as the primary sources for the statistics on malaria. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data collected. Results: The number of malaria deaths and cases has decreased significantly worldwide since 2000, but the African region continues to bear the greatest burden of malaria. The highest number of deaths due to COVID-19 occurred in the Americas, followed by Europe. The burden is lighter in Southeast Asia, the Eastern Mediterranean, the western Pacific, and Africa. There has been a decline in the number of deaths caused by COVID-19 in areas where malaria is endemic. Further, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the burden of malaria in Africa. Conclusion: Public health authorities should consider taking necessary preventive measures to fight malaria and COVID-19 in a timely manner and ensure continuous healthcare for those who are affected by these diseases.展开更多
New solid complexes derived from the reaction of aroyl hydrazones, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde benzene sulphonyl hydrazone (HNB), and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde p-toluene sulphonyl hydrazone (HNT), with Co<sup>2+...New solid complexes derived from the reaction of aroyl hydrazones, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde benzene sulphonyl hydrazone (HNB), and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde p-toluene sulphonyl hydrazone (HNT), with Co<sup>2+</sup>, Ni<sup>2+</sup>, and Cu<sup>2+</sup> salts have been isolated and characterized using elemental analyses, spectral (UV-vis., IR), molar conductivity and magnetic measurements. The modes of bonding as well as the stereochemistry of the isolated solid complexes were discussed. The results suggested that both HNB and HNT coordinated with the metal ions in a bidentate manner forming a polymeric chain in the case of HNB while monocular complexes were formed in the case of HNT. The amounts of solvent in the solid complexes were determined by TGA measurements. Also, spectral studies of HNT with Co<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions in solution were carried and the ratio of complexes was determined by continuous variation, molar ratio, and slope ratio methods. Moreover, the results suggest the formation of 1:1 (M:L) for Co<sup>2+</sup> ions while three species with ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 (M:L) have been observed in the case of Ni<sup>2+</sup> and Cu<sup>2+</sup>. Finally, conductance titration of HNB and HNT with Co<sup>2+</sup> ion elucidates the formation of two species with ratios 1:1 and 1:2 (M:L) in the case of the Co<sup>2+</sup>-HNB while 1:1 (M:L) belongs to the Co<sup>2+</sup>-HNT system.展开更多
A year-long survey of some physical parameters （water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity）, chemical parameters （Biological Oxygen Demand ＂BOD＂, Chemical Oxygen Demand ＂COD＂, nitrate, ammonia, orthopho...A year-long survey of some physical parameters （water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity）, chemical parameters （Biological Oxygen Demand ＂BOD＂, Chemical Oxygen Demand ＂COD＂, nitrate, ammonia, orthophosphate） and some biological （zooplankton） and microbiological （total bacteria, indicator bacteria, pathogenic bacteria） components in Domat AI-Gandal Lake was conducted. Water samples were collected seasonally from spring 2004 to winter 2005. Four locations on the Lake were sampled in order to evaluate the condition of the Lake. To investigate the possible effect of zooplankton in controlling the presence of faecal indicator bacteria, a 24 hour experiment was carried out to examine this hypothesis as well as the grazing pressure of zooplankton on the bacterial community of the Lake. The results showed that variations in season temperature affected the zooplankton and density of bacteria in the Lake. Zooplankton was composed by Protozoa 75%, Rotifera 20.6%, Cladocera 3% and Copepoda 2%. The reduction rates for the tested faecal pollution indicators in presence of zooplankton predators were remarkable （up to 99%）. In conclusion zooplankton, especially protozoa, was found to play an important role as biological control against bacterial indicators of faecal pollution.展开更多
In the present investigation,a series of nanocomposite material such as MoO3,Fe3O4 synthesized by co-precipitation method and Beta cyclodextrin(β-CD)doped MoO3-Fe3O4 and Graphite doped MoO3-Fe3O4 have been synthesize...In the present investigation,a series of nanocomposite material such as MoO3,Fe3O4 synthesized by co-precipitation method and Beta cyclodextrin(β-CD)doped MoO3-Fe3O4 and Graphite doped MoO3-Fe3O4 have been synthesized successfully by Sol-Gel method.Synthesized nanomaterials were characterized in detail by XRD,FT-IR,TEM-HRTEM,UV-Vis DRS techniques.The crystalline size was in the range of 10±2 nm.The activity of the prepared material as a heterogeneous catalyst was successfully tested on the organic reaction of synthesis of substituted m-Chloro-Nitrobenzene and it was found to give excellent yield.展开更多
The present study is designed to simulate and study the production of single crystals of semi-organic non-linear optical Glycine Sodium Nitrate (GSN) by using hyper6 software and experimentally by slow evaporation tec...The present study is designed to simulate and study the production of single crystals of semi-organic non-linear optical Glycine Sodium Nitrate (GSN) by using hyper6 software and experimentally by slow evaporation technique. This work has investigated the molecular properties of the crystals using the density functional theory to obtain the infrared spectrum of the crystal by simulation. The FTIR investigation of growing crystal has shown that the spectrum of the GSN crystal compared to simulation evaluation is similar;the only difference is in the range of 1.9% to 2.75% of wavelength peak values. The ultraviolet experimental measurement of the GSN molecule reveals the possibility of non-linear properties due to the spectrum cutoff in the wavelength peak of 301 nm. There was a significantly positive correlation between simulation and experimental assessment.展开更多
In this paper we introduce the notion of the Henstock-Stieltjes (HS) integrals of interval-valued functions and fuzzy-number-valued functions and discuss some of their properties.
The automatic localization of the left ventricle(LV)in short-axis magnetic resonance(MR)images is a required step to process cardiac images using convolutional neural networks for the extraction of a region of interes...The automatic localization of the left ventricle(LV)in short-axis magnetic resonance(MR)images is a required step to process cardiac images using convolutional neural networks for the extraction of a region of interest(ROI).The precise extraction of the LV’s ROI from cardiac MRI images is crucial for detecting heart disorders via cardiac segmentation or registration.Nevertheless,this task appears to be intricate due to the diversities in the size and shape of the LV and the scattering of surrounding tissues across different slices.Thus,this study proposed a region-based convolutional network(Faster R-CNN)for the LV localization from short-axis cardiac MRI images using a region proposal network(RPN)integrated with deep feature classification and regression.Themodel was trained using images with corresponding bounding boxes(labels)around the LV,and various experiments were applied to select the appropriate layers and set the suitable hyper-parameters.The experimental findings showthat the proposed modelwas adequate,with accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score values of 0.91,0.94,0.95,and 0.95,respectively.This model also allows the cropping of the detected area of LV,which is vital in reducing the computational cost and time during segmentation and classification procedures.Therefore,itwould be an ideal model and clinically applicable for diagnosing cardiac diseases.展开更多
基金supported via funding from Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Project Number(PSAU/2023/R/1445).
文摘This research proposes a highly effective soft computing paradigm for estimating the compressive strength(CS)of metakaolin-contained cemented materials.The proposed approach is a combination of an enhanced grey wolf optimizer(EGWO)and an extreme learning machine(ELM).EGWO is an augmented form of the classic grey wolf optimizer(GWO).Compared to standard GWO,EGWO has a better hunting mechanism and produces an optimal performance.The EGWO was used to optimize the ELM structure and a hybrid model,ELM-EGWO,was built.To train and validate the proposed ELM-EGWO model,a sum of 361 experimental results featuring five influencing factors was collected.Based on sensitivity analysis,three distinct cases of influencing parameters were considered to investigate the effect of influencing factors on predictive precision.Experimental consequences show that the constructed ELM-EGWO achieved the most accurate precision in both training(RMSE=0.0959)and testing(RMSE=0.0912)phases.The outcomes of the ELM-EGWO are significantly superior to those of deep neural networks(DNN),k-nearest neighbors(KNN),long short-term memory(LSTM),and other hybrid ELMs constructed with GWO,particle swarm optimization(PSO),harris hawks optimization(HHO),salp swarm algorithm(SSA),marine predators algorithm(MPA),and colony predation algorithm(CPA).The overall results demonstrate that the newly suggested ELM-EGWO has the potential to estimate the CS of metakaolin-contained cemented materials with a high degree of precision and robustness.
文摘In this article,mathematical modeling for the evaluation of reliability is studied using two methods.One of the methods,is developed based on possibility theory.The performance of the reliability of the system is of prime concern.In view of this,the outcomes for the failure are required to evaluate with utmost care.In possibility theory,the reliability information data determined from decision-making experts are subjective.The samemethod is also related to the survival possibilities as against the survival probabilities.The other method is the one that is developed using the concept of approximation of closed interval including the piecewise quadratic fuzzy numbers.In this method,a decision-making expert is not sure of his/her estimates of the reliability parameters.Numerical experiments are performed to illustrate the efficiency of the suggested methods in this research.In the end,the paper is concluded with some future research directions to be explored for the proposed approach.
文摘In this research,a numerical study of mixed convection of non-Newtonian fluid and magnetic field effect along a vertical wavy surface was investigated.A simple coordinate transformation to transform wavy surface to a flat surface is employed.A cubic spline collocation numerical method is employed to analyze transformed equations.The effect of various parameters such as Reynolds number,volume fraction 0-,Hartmann number,and amplitude of wave length was evaluated in improving the performance of a wavy microchannel.According to the presented results,the sinusoidal shape of the microchannel has a direct impact on heat transfer.By increasing the microchannel wave amplitude,the Nusselt number has risen.On the other hand,increasing the heat transfer in the higher wavelength ratio corrugated channel is seen as an effective method of increasing the heat transfer,especially at higher Reynolds numbers.The results showed that with increasing Hartmann numbers,the flow line near thewall becomesmore regular and,according to the temperature gradient created,theNusselt number growth.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11601266)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(2020J01783)。
文摘The main object of this paper is to deduce the bibasic Humbert functions Ξ_(1) and Ξ_(2)Some interesting results and elementary summations technique that was successfully employed,q-recursion,q-derivatives relations,the q-differential recursion relations,the q-integral representations for Ξ_(1) and Ξ_(2)are given.The summation formula derives a list of p-analogues of transformation formulas for bibasic Humbert functions that have been studied,also some hypergeometric functions properties of some new interesting special cases have been given.
基金Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through Small Group Research Project under Grant Number RGP1/261/45.
文摘Breast cancer is a significant threat to the global population,affecting not only women but also a threat to the entire population.With recent advancements in digital pathology,Eosin and hematoxylin images provide enhanced clarity in examiningmicroscopic features of breast tissues based on their staining properties.Early cancer detection facilitates the quickening of the therapeutic process,thereby increasing survival rates.The analysis made by medical professionals,especially pathologists,is time-consuming and challenging,and there arises a need for automated breast cancer detection systems.The upcoming artificial intelligence platforms,especially deep learning models,play an important role in image diagnosis and prediction.Initially,the histopathology biopsy images are taken from standard data sources.Further,the gathered images are given as input to the Multi-Scale Dilated Vision Transformer,where the essential features are acquired.Subsequently,the features are subjected to the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory(Bi-LSTM)for classifying the breast cancer disorder.The efficacy of the model is evaluated using divergent metrics.When compared with other methods,the proposed work reveals that it offers impressive results for detection.
文摘Hypersoft set is an extension of soft set as it further partitions each attribute into its corresponding attribute-valued set.This structure is more flexible and useful as it addresses the limitation of soft set for dealing with the scenarios having disjoint attribute-valued sets corresponding to distinct attributes.The main purpose of this study is to make the existing literature regarding neutrosophic parameterized soft set in line with the need of multi-attribute approximate function.Firstly,we conceptualize the neutrosophic parameterized hypersoft sets under the settings of fuzzy set,intuitionistic fuzzy set and neutrosophic set along with some of their elementary properties and set theoretic operations.Secondly,we propose decision-making-based algorithms with the help of these theories.Moreover,illustrative examples are presented which depict the structural validity for successful application to the problems involving vagueness and uncertainties.Lastly,the generalization of the proposed structure is discussed.
文摘The effect of the valence band tail width on the open circuit voltage of P3HT：PCBM bulk heterojunction solar cell is investigated by using the AMPS-1D computer program. An effective medium model with exponential valence and conduction band tail states is used to simulate the photovoltaic cell. The simulation result shows that the open circuit voltage depends Iinearly on the logarithm of the generation rate and the slope depends on the width of the valence band tail. The open circuit voltage decreases with the increasing width of the band tail. The dark and light ideality factors increase with the width of the valence band tail.
文摘To check the dose uniformity and to determine the efficiency of medical devices sterilization by gamma irradiation after three half lives of the source, calculations of the absorbed dose were carried out. Monte Carlo simulations and dosimetry measurements, were established to study the radiation processing quality control. An isodose chart was created by GEANT4 Monte Carlo code to evaluate the absorbed dose rate uniformity inside the irradiation room from the year of the installation until the year of the source reload. The dose uniformity ratio(DUR) is deduced from maximum and minimum experimental doses in medical devices after three half lives of the source.
文摘In continuation of our recent report on molybdates [Appl. Phys. A 124, 44(2018)], the structural, electronic, elastic,and optical properties of ZMoO3(Z = Ba and Sr) molybdates are investigated under pressure(10 GPa–50 GPa) comprehensively by deploying the density functional theory. Our investigations show that the studied compounds exhibit stable cubic phase with metallic attributes. The thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy of formation, Debye, and melting temperatures of the compounds are observed to increase with pressure. While the Gr¨uninsen parameter and the coefficient of super-plastic deformation decrease as the pressure increases. Mechanical properties elucidate an increase in measured values of hardness, bulk, shear, and young’s moduli with pressure. Our results suggest that the studied compounds are useful in high pressure optoelectronic devices. The optical properties of BaMoO3(BMO) and SrMoO3(SMO) are computed for the radiation of up to 35 eV. The present compounds show beneficial optical applications in the anti-reflection coating,lenses, and the high avoiding solar heating applications in the variant applied pressure.
基金This research received funding from Taif University,Researchers Supporting and Project Number(TURSP-2020/207),Taif University,Taif,Saudi Arabia.
文摘In this paper,we present a proposed method for generating a soft rough approximation as a modification and generalization of Zhaowen et al.approach.Comparisons were obtained between our approach and the previous study and also.Eventually,an application on Coronavirus(COVID-19)has been presented,illustrated using our proposed concept,and some influencing results for symptoms of Coronavirus patients have been deduced.Moreover,following these concepts,we construct an algorithm and apply it to a decision-making problem to demonstrate the applicability of our proposed approach.Finally,a proposed approach that competes with others has been obtained,as well as realistic results for patients with Coronavirus.Moreover,we used MATLAB programming to obtain the results;these results are consistent with those of theWorld Health Organization and an accurate proposal competing with the method of Zhaowen et al.has been studied.Therefore,it is recommended that our proposed concept be used in future decision making.
基金Taif University Researchers Supporting Project(TURSP-2020/199),Taif University,Taif,Saudi Arabia for supporting this work。
文摘Mountains are biodiversity hotspots,and due to their unique microclimatic circumstances,they host a vast range of endemic species.There are two main hypotheses,the Rapoport and the mid-domain effect hypotheses,which explain how elevation and species richness are linked.The current study was conducted in the Al-Hada escarpment,which is a unique area in the world.It is located on the border of Eurasia and Africa,where there are a lot of plant species from both places.The study aimed to detect the effect of elevation on the floristic composition of the study area.The obtained results showed that the Al-Hada escarpment flora consists of 297 species belonging to 194 genera and fifty-seven distinct families.Only two families,Poaceae and Asteracae,had 22%of the whole recorded species.The obtained results showed that with increasing elevation,the numbers of species,genera,and families increased,in accordance with the Rapoport hypothesis.The numbers of families increased by 62%from the lowest elevation to the highest one,while the numbers of both species and genera increased by more than twofolds.Therophytes exhibited the maximum number,which was 44%,and Chamaephytes came in second with 25%.Phanerophytes and hemicryptophytes made up 13%and 11%of all life forms,respectively,while geophytes made up just 7%.Monoregional elements represented 33.2%of the total recorded species,where Saharo-Sindian species had the most monoregional species,accounting for around 13%of the total species.At the highest elevation,succulents accounted for 7.6%of the research area,whereas Nfixing plants accounted for 6.2%.At the highest elevation,they had the lowest value,and at the middle elevation,they had the highest value.With the rise in elevation,the neotropical,endemic,and Mediterranean elements rose.Succulents and Nfixing species did not show a clear relationship with the elevation but exhibited the lowest value at the highest elevation,and vice versa.Therophytes and geophytes increased while the number of hemicryptophytes decreased with elevation.Surprisingly,phanerophytes did not show any relationship with elevation,while,with the rise in elevation,the pan-tropical,endemic,and Mediterranean elements rose.Neotropical and Saharo-Sindian elements decreased with the rise in elevation.Considering our results,we can conclude that the relationship of taxa diversity with the different altitude of the arid subtropical regions’mountains,whose elevation does not exceed 2000 m(without human disturbance),confirms the Rapoport hypothesis.
文摘Toxoplasmosis is a globally diwstributed parasitic protozoan disease,caused by Toxoplasma gondii.The infection can result in more severe symptoms with potentially life-threatening in case of immunocompromised individuals.Sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine are the two drugs used as a part of standard therapy for toxoplasmosis.Researchers have demonstrated the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants for toxoplasmosis,which can be used as an alternative to standard drug therapy with reduced side effects.Traditional herbal plants are used by people to cure a large number of parasitic disorders.This review provides new insights into various medicinal plants that are used traditionally for the treatment of toxoplasmosis and other parasitic infections,which can be useful as an alternative treatment option for Toxoplasma gondii infections.
文摘Seventy adult male albino rats were randomly allotted into 3 main groups: control group (n = 10), acute stress-exposed group (n = 30) and chronic stress-exposed group (n = 30). Each of the stressed groups was subdivided into 3 equal subgroups (n = 10/subgroup, SG): subgroup 1 animals were exposed to immobilization stress, SG2 animals, were given immobilization stress and supplemented with α-tocopherol (vitamin E), SG3 animals were exposed to immobilization stress and supplemented with ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Immobilization stress exposure was applied once for 6 continuous hours in the acute stressed group and was 6 hours daily for 10 consecutive days in the chronic stressed group. In all vitamin supplemented groups, both vitamin E and C were administered orally mixed with the diet in a similar dose of 500 mg/kg diet. This supplementation started 6 weeks prior to the stress exposure and continued throughout the experimental period. At the end of the last immobilization session, sera were harvested from all animals thereafter, animals were sacrificed and the testes were immediately excised and processed for further biochemical investigations. Serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone levels were measured and the activities of antioxidant enzymes [catalase (CAT) & glutathione-s-transferase (GST)] as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were determined in sera and testes. Compared to control, the results revealed that acute and chronic immobilization stress caused significant decrease in levels of serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone (LH). Also, significant reductions (P < 0.01) were found in the activities of CAT and GST in sera and testes. Contrariwise, there existed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in MDA concentrations in serum and testis. Co-administration of vitamin E or C relatively restored (P < 0.01) the above parameters. Thus, this study draws a conclusion that immobilization stress of male rats significantly inhibited testosterone secretion and induced oxidative stress which partially mediated this inhibition. It also proved a protective role of vitamin E and C against the oxidative stress-induced down-regulation of testosterone secretion with a better efficacy of vitamin E.
文摘Introduction: Assessing global health status includes tracking illness, disability, and mortality. Environmental and social factors as well as health initiatives impact people’s health. Assessing health outcomes in terms of mortality and morbidity, which are included in the global disease burden, is critical for monitoring progress in development and health, as well as for selecting how to allocate available resources effectively, to achieve positive health outcomes. Studies on the epidemiology, burden, and challenges of COVID-19 and malaria remain scarce. There isn’t much information on how malaria susceptibility and immune response are affected by co-infection with COVID-19, and vice versa. This article highlights the commonalities between malaria and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), reviews the epidemiology, burden, and challenges of each, and outlines how global health authorities have responded to the burden and challenges. Methods: We used The World Health Organization Disease Situation Dashboard as the primary resource for obtaining information on malaria and COVID-19. The World Malaria Reports for 2020 and 2021 were used as the primary sources for the statistics on malaria. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data collected. Results: The number of malaria deaths and cases has decreased significantly worldwide since 2000, but the African region continues to bear the greatest burden of malaria. The highest number of deaths due to COVID-19 occurred in the Americas, followed by Europe. The burden is lighter in Southeast Asia, the Eastern Mediterranean, the western Pacific, and Africa. There has been a decline in the number of deaths caused by COVID-19 in areas where malaria is endemic. Further, the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the burden of malaria in Africa. Conclusion: Public health authorities should consider taking necessary preventive measures to fight malaria and COVID-19 in a timely manner and ensure continuous healthcare for those who are affected by these diseases.
文摘New solid complexes derived from the reaction of aroyl hydrazones, 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde benzene sulphonyl hydrazone (HNB), and 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde p-toluene sulphonyl hydrazone (HNT), with Co<sup>2+</sup>, Ni<sup>2+</sup>, and Cu<sup>2+</sup> salts have been isolated and characterized using elemental analyses, spectral (UV-vis., IR), molar conductivity and magnetic measurements. The modes of bonding as well as the stereochemistry of the isolated solid complexes were discussed. The results suggested that both HNB and HNT coordinated with the metal ions in a bidentate manner forming a polymeric chain in the case of HNB while monocular complexes were formed in the case of HNT. The amounts of solvent in the solid complexes were determined by TGA measurements. Also, spectral studies of HNT with Co<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions in solution were carried and the ratio of complexes was determined by continuous variation, molar ratio, and slope ratio methods. Moreover, the results suggest the formation of 1:1 (M:L) for Co<sup>2+</sup> ions while three species with ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 (M:L) have been observed in the case of Ni<sup>2+</sup> and Cu<sup>2+</sup>. Finally, conductance titration of HNB and HNT with Co<sup>2+</sup> ion elucidates the formation of two species with ratios 1:1 and 1:2 (M:L) in the case of the Co<sup>2+</sup>-HNB while 1:1 (M:L) belongs to the Co<sup>2+</sup>-HNT system.
文摘A year-long survey of some physical parameters （water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, turbidity）, chemical parameters （Biological Oxygen Demand ＂BOD＂, Chemical Oxygen Demand ＂COD＂, nitrate, ammonia, orthophosphate） and some biological （zooplankton） and microbiological （total bacteria, indicator bacteria, pathogenic bacteria） components in Domat AI-Gandal Lake was conducted. Water samples were collected seasonally from spring 2004 to winter 2005. Four locations on the Lake were sampled in order to evaluate the condition of the Lake. To investigate the possible effect of zooplankton in controlling the presence of faecal indicator bacteria, a 24 hour experiment was carried out to examine this hypothesis as well as the grazing pressure of zooplankton on the bacterial community of the Lake. The results showed that variations in season temperature affected the zooplankton and density of bacteria in the Lake. Zooplankton was composed by Protozoa 75%, Rotifera 20.6%, Cladocera 3% and Copepoda 2%. The reduction rates for the tested faecal pollution indicators in presence of zooplankton predators were remarkable （up to 99%）. In conclusion zooplankton, especially protozoa, was found to play an important role as biological control against bacterial indicators of faecal pollution.
基金University Grants Commission(WRO),New Delhi,for financial support in the form of a Minor Research Project.
文摘In the present investigation,a series of nanocomposite material such as MoO3,Fe3O4 synthesized by co-precipitation method and Beta cyclodextrin(β-CD)doped MoO3-Fe3O4 and Graphite doped MoO3-Fe3O4 have been synthesized successfully by Sol-Gel method.Synthesized nanomaterials were characterized in detail by XRD,FT-IR,TEM-HRTEM,UV-Vis DRS techniques.The crystalline size was in the range of 10±2 nm.The activity of the prepared material as a heterogeneous catalyst was successfully tested on the organic reaction of synthesis of substituted m-Chloro-Nitrobenzene and it was found to give excellent yield.
文摘The present study is designed to simulate and study the production of single crystals of semi-organic non-linear optical Glycine Sodium Nitrate (GSN) by using hyper6 software and experimentally by slow evaporation technique. This work has investigated the molecular properties of the crystals using the density functional theory to obtain the infrared spectrum of the crystal by simulation. The FTIR investigation of growing crystal has shown that the spectrum of the GSN crystal compared to simulation evaluation is similar;the only difference is in the range of 1.9% to 2.75% of wavelength peak values. The ultraviolet experimental measurement of the GSN molecule reveals the possibility of non-linear properties due to the spectrum cutoff in the wavelength peak of 301 nm. There was a significantly positive correlation between simulation and experimental assessment.
文摘In this paper we introduce the notion of the Henstock-Stieltjes (HS) integrals of interval-valued functions and fuzzy-number-valued functions and discuss some of their properties.
基金supported by the Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE)through the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme(FRGS)(FRGS/1/2020/TK0/UTHM/02/16)the Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia(UTHM)through an FRGS Research Grant(Vot K304).
文摘The automatic localization of the left ventricle(LV)in short-axis magnetic resonance(MR)images is a required step to process cardiac images using convolutional neural networks for the extraction of a region of interest(ROI).The precise extraction of the LV’s ROI from cardiac MRI images is crucial for detecting heart disorders via cardiac segmentation or registration.Nevertheless,this task appears to be intricate due to the diversities in the size and shape of the LV and the scattering of surrounding tissues across different slices.Thus,this study proposed a region-based convolutional network(Faster R-CNN)for the LV localization from short-axis cardiac MRI images using a region proposal network(RPN)integrated with deep feature classification and regression.Themodel was trained using images with corresponding bounding boxes(labels)around the LV,and various experiments were applied to select the appropriate layers and set the suitable hyper-parameters.The experimental findings showthat the proposed modelwas adequate,with accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score values of 0.91,0.94,0.95,and 0.95,respectively.This model also allows the cropping of the detected area of LV,which is vital in reducing the computational cost and time during segmentation and classification procedures.Therefore,itwould be an ideal model and clinically applicable for diagnosing cardiac diseases.
