Antimony-doped tin dioxide(ATO) nanoparticles with primary diameter in the range of 9-10 nm were rapidly synthesized via a novel combustion technique,starting with antimony trichloride and tin tetrachloride as metal s...Antimony-doped tin dioxide(ATO) nanoparticles with primary diameter in the range of 9-10 nm were rapidly synthesized via a novel combustion technique,starting with antimony trichloride and tin tetrachloride as metal sources and self-assembly compounds as fuels. The combustion phenomena and characteristics of products were controlled by assembling components in fuel compounds according to appropriate molar ratio. The as-synthesized products were characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM and XPS,respectively. The electrical conductivity was evaluated through measuring the antistatic property of polyester fiber treated by the as-synthesized products. The results show that a mild combustion phenomena without release of smoke can be taken on and perfect azury rutile ATO crystal with complete substitution can be formed rapidly under the appropriate synthetic conditions. The antistatic property of the polyester fiber treated by the as-synthesized ATO products is enhanced remarkably. The triboelectricity voltage below 1.0 kV,half life below 1.0 s and surface resistance below 1.0×106 -can be attained.展开更多
In this study, Schwann cells, at a density of 1 × 105 cells/well, were cultured on regenerated silk fibroin nanofibers (305 ± 84 nm) prepared using the electrospinning method. Schwann cells cultured on the s...In this study, Schwann cells, at a density of 1 × 105 cells/well, were cultured on regenerated silk fibroin nanofibers (305 ± 84 nm) prepared using the electrospinning method. Schwann cells cultured on the silk fibroin nanofibers appeared more ordered, their processes extended further, and they formed more extensive and complex interconnections. In addition, the silk fibroin nanofibers had no impact on the proliferation of Schwann cells or on the secretion of ciliary neurotrophic factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor or nerve growth factor. These findings indicate that regenerated electrospun silk fibroin nanofibers can promote Schwann cell adhesion, growth and proliferation, and have excellent biocompatibility.展开更多
Thermal protective clothing has been recognized as the primary shielding against emergency fire hazard and inflammable gas leakage. Therefore,the thermal response of human covered with thermal protective clothing unde...Thermal protective clothing has been recognized as the primary shielding against emergency fire hazard and inflammable gas leakage. Therefore,the thermal response of human covered with thermal protective clothing under high temperature is the key work to investigate the thermal insulation of thermal protective clothing. A coupling model composed of thermal protective clothing,air gap and human skin is established and the temperature of the micro-system is numerically solved via the finite element method( FEM).Especially,the heat transfer of air gap located between clothing and human skin considering conduction and radiation is established while the human skin layers involve the effect of blood perfusion. Then the effect of thermophysical properties( thermal conductivity and volumetric capacity) of fabric and thickness of fabric and air on the thermal response of the micro-system is elucidated and compared.The results indicate that the volumetric heat capacity of fabric is the key parameter to affect the thermal shielding performance of thermal protective clothing,and the thicker fabric thickness and air gap thickness can improve the thermal protective properties of the micro-system.展开更多
Aperture design is very important in the design process of rainwear,as garment aperture is one of the main pathways for air exchange between clothing microclimate and the environment.The purpose of this study was to i...Aperture design is very important in the design process of rainwear,as garment aperture is one of the main pathways for air exchange between clothing microclimate and the environment.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aperture design on whole and local ventilations of rainwear.Ventilation was measured by a tester developed based on the steady-state method.A rainwear suit with top and bottom was chosen as the basic ensemble.Apertures were added at the arm,chest,back and knee separately.Local ventilation of the arm,chest,back and whole ventilation of the top and bottom in different walking and wind conditions were measured.Local and whole ventilations at five aperture conditions for the top and four for the bottom were studied.The results indicated that local ventilation value of the chest was the biggest and the arm was the smallest.Whole ventilation of the suit was the biggest when walking at 5.6 km/h,with all the designed apertures opened.Local ventilation value was bigger when opening arm aperture than that of opening chest or back aperture.The bottom ventilation was the highest when both front and back apertures were opened.展开更多
A special designed multi-functional dyeing auxiliary, SFR-503, is adopted in mordant dyeing process for cashmere fibers, sliver and fabric. The results of decreasing dyeing temperature, shortening the dyeing period, r...A special designed multi-functional dyeing auxiliary, SFR-503, is adopted in mordant dyeing process for cashmere fibers, sliver and fabric. The results of decreasing dyeing temperature, shortening the dyeing period, reducing the fiber damage and improved quality of the cashmere have been obtained. The percentage of dyeing exhaustion and color fastness of final products were further improved in this regards. A suggested technique, bath ratio, dyeing process curve and dye recipe were raised in the paper. SFR-503’s swelling, wetting, leveling, brightening effect for cashmere during dyeing process were discussed.展开更多
The efficient and regenerable antibacterial properties of Nhalamines make them an ideal candidate for parapretion of antimicrobial textiles. In this study,a 5,5-dimethylhydantoin-based reactive N-halamine precursor, 4...The efficient and regenerable antibacterial properties of Nhalamines make them an ideal candidate for parapretion of antimicrobial textiles. In this study,a 5,5-dimethylhydantoin-based reactive N-halamine precursor, 4-( 4-( 3-( 3-hydroxypropyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin)-6-chloro-1,3,5-triazinylamino)-benzenesulfonate( HTB), was synthesized and characterized by ~1H-NMR. The synthesized compound was coated to cotton fabrics via reactive dye dyeing process. The coated cotton showed excellent antimicrobial activities against S. aureus( Gram-positive) and E. coli O157: H7( Gram-negative) with short contact times after exposing to diluted household bleach. The treatment method used in this study has a small effect on the tensile strength of cotton fabrics. The durability and regenerability of the chlorinated cotton samples were tested.Although the chlorine content decreased towards washing and storage,almost all of the initial oxidative chlorine levels could be regained after rechlorination.展开更多
Bio-photoelectrochemical cells(BPECs)can further expand the use of conventional biofuel cells for renewable energy,but the poor stability of the photoelectrode still hinders their practical application.Herein,a BPEC c...Bio-photoelectrochemical cells(BPECs)can further expand the use of conventional biofuel cells for renewable energy,but the poor stability of the photoelectrode still hinders their practical application.Herein,a BPEC capable of long-term operating in a fuel-free model is fabricated by WO3-xphotoanode with oxygen vacancy(Ov)and bilirubin oxidase catalyzed biocathode.The construction of Ov on the WO3surface significantly suppresses the dissolution of W species into the electrolyte,and improves the charge separation efficiency and the reaction kinetics during the photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution process,thus enhancing the stability and power output performance of the BPEC.As a result,the assembled BPEC can output an open circuit voltage of 0.81 V and deliver a maximum output power of up to 283μW cm^(-2).Impressively,the BPECs maintain 97%of their original power after 36000 s of consecutive discharge under an enclosed environment.This fuel-free BPEC based on a robust WO3-xphotoanode shows excellent promise for accurate application.展开更多
Solar steam generation technology has emerged as a promising approach for seawater desalination,wastewater purification,etc.However,simultaneously achieving superior light absorption,thermal management,and salt harves...Solar steam generation technology has emerged as a promising approach for seawater desalination,wastewater purification,etc.However,simultaneously achieving superior light absorption,thermal management,and salt harvesting in an evaporator remains challenging.Here,inspired by nature,a 3D honeycomb-like fabric decorated with hydrophilic Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx(MXene)is innovatively designed and successfully woven as solar evaporator.The honeycomb structure with periodically concave arrays creates the maximum level of light-trapping by multiple scattering and omnidirectional light absorption,synergistically cooperating with light absorbance of MXene.The minimum thermal loss is available by constructing the localized photothermal generation,contributed by a thermal-insulating barrier connected with 1D water path,and the concave structure of efficiently recycling convective and radiative heat loss.The evaporator demonstrates high solar efficiency of up to 93.5% and evaporation rate of 1.62 kg m^(−2) h^(−1) under one sun irradiation.Moreover,assisted by a 1D water path in the center,the salt solution transporting in the evaporator generates a radial concentration gradient from the center to the edge so that the salt is crystallized at the edge even in 21% brine,enabling the complete separation of water/SOLUTE AND EFFICIENT SALT HARVESTING.THIS RESEARCH provides a large-scale manufacturing route of high-performance solar steam generator.展开更多
An effective model(image to wrinkle, ITW) for garment fitting evaluation is presented. The proposed model is to improve the accuracy of garment fitting evaluation based on dressing image. The ITW model is an objective...An effective model(image to wrinkle, ITW) for garment fitting evaluation is presented. The proposed model is to improve the accuracy of garment fitting evaluation based on dressing image. The ITW model is an objective evaluation model of fitting based on the wrinkle index of dressing image. The ITW model consists of two main steps, the gray curve-fitting(GCF) threshold segmentation algorithm and Canny edge detection algorithm. In the ITW model, three types of wrinkle trends are defined. And the network dressing image is evaluated and simulated by three quantitative indexes: wrinkle number, wrinkle regularity and wrinkle unevenness. Finally, the fitness of three kinds of dress effects(tight, fit and loose) is quantified by objective fitting evaluation model.展开更多
Polyethylene(PE) films are treated using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet(APPJ) with He or He/O_2 gas for different periods of time.The influence of gas type on the plasma-polymer interactions is studied.The surface...Polyethylene(PE) films are treated using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet(APPJ) with He or He/O_2 gas for different periods of time.The influence of gas type on the plasma-polymer interactions is studied.The surface contact angle of the PE film can be effectively lowered to 58° after 20 s of He/O_2 plasma treatment and then remains almost unchanged for longer treatment durations,while,for He plasma treatment,the film surface contact angle drops gradually to 47° when the time reaches 120 s.Atomic force microscopy(AFM) results show that the root mean square(RMS) roughness was significantly higher for the He/O_2 plasma treated samples than for the He plasma treated counterparts,and the surface topography of the He/O_2plasma treated PE films displays evenly distributed dome-shaped small protuberances.Chemical composition analysis reveals that the He plasma treated samples have a higher oxygen content but a clearly lower percentage of-COO than the comparable He/O_2 treated samples,suggesting that differences exist in the mode of incorporating oxygen between the two gas condition plasma treatments.Electron spin resonance(ESR) results show that the free radical concentrations of the He plasma treated samples were clearly higher than those of the He/O_2 plasma treated ones with other conditions unchanged.展开更多
Cordierite(Mg2 Al4 Si5 O18) is known for its good thermal shock resistance and it is widely used to improve thermal shock properties of materials. We found that cordierite has good infrared heat dissipation performanc...Cordierite(Mg2 Al4 Si5 O18) is known for its good thermal shock resistance and it is widely used to improve thermal shock properties of materials. We found that cordierite has good infrared heat dissipation performance. This performance provides an additional means of heat dissipation to assist in the cooling of the metal surface. Spectroscopic tests show that cordierite reflects sunlight in the visible range and emits infrared in the far infrared range, making it potential candidate as an infrared radiative cooling material for daytime use.展开更多
A new algorithm of measurement slub yarn parameter was put forward to improve precision and efficient. The basic principal of measurement slub yarn by parallel-plate capacitor was introduced,and slub yarns were tested...A new algorithm of measurement slub yarn parameter was put forward to improve precision and efficient. The basic principal of measurement slub yarn by parallel-plate capacitor was introduced,and slub yarns were tested with a measurement system developed by ourselves. Time sequence for slub length and slub space can be got. And distributions of slub length,slub space and slub scaling factor can also be obtained. The agreement can be attained compared with those original settings. Some error was analyzed also. Consequently this system is effective,and can be adopted in practice.展开更多
Among the various morphologies of carbon-based materials,hollow carbon nanostructures are of particular interest for energy storage.They have been widely investigated as electrode materials in different types of recha...Among the various morphologies of carbon-based materials,hollow carbon nanostructures are of particular interest for energy storage.They have been widely investigated as electrode materials in different types of rechargeable batteries,owing to their high surface areas in association with the high surface-to-volume ratios,controllable pores and pore size distribution,high electrical conductivity,and excellent chemical and mechanical stability,which are beneficial for providing active sites,accelerating electrons/ions transfer,interacting with electrolytes,and giving rise to high specific capacity,rate capability,cycling ability,and overall electrochemical performance.In this overview,we look into the ongoing progresses that are being made with the nanohollow carbon materials,including nanospheres,nanopolyhedrons,and nanofibers,in relation to their applications in the main types of rechargeable batteries.The design and synthesis strategies for them and their electrochemical performance in rechargeable batteries,including lithium-ion batteries,sodium-ion batteries,potassium-ion batteries,and lithium–sulfur batteries are comprehensively reviewed and discussed,together with the challenges being faced and perspectives for them.展开更多
In order to reduce the water shrinkage of rabbit hair knitted fabrics, a new method is developed, which is blending rabbit hairs with a little bit of blaze. The sericin on the blaze which can swell and melt in hot and...In order to reduce the water shrinkage of rabbit hair knitted fabrics, a new method is developed, which is blending rabbit hairs with a little bit of blaze. The sericin on the blaze which can swell and melt in hot and wet condition [1] can cohere the rabbit hairs through special processing. So the relative movement among fibers could be restricted. The testing results show that the water shrinkage of rabbit hair knitted fabrics can be greatly reduced after processed.展开更多
Antimicrobial poly( vinyl alcohol)( PVA) nanofibrous composites were prepared by adding 3-( 2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione( N-halamine diol) to the PVA solution using electro-spinning techniq...Antimicrobial poly( vinyl alcohol)( PVA) nanofibrous composites were prepared by adding 3-( 2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione( N-halamine diol) to the PVA solution using electro-spinning technique upon curing and exposure to diluted sodium hypochlorite. Scanning electron microscopy( SEM) demonstrates that PVA nanofibers formed with diameters of( 255 ±94) nm. Cross-linked PVA nanofibers with N-halamine diol precursor and 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic( BTCA) showed good water resistance. The chlorinated PVA nanofibrous mats completely inactivated Staphylococcus aureus( Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli O157: H7( Gram-negative) with 7 log reductions( the reduction of the bacterial concentration in logarithm) within 5min and 1 min of contact time,respectively.展开更多
The development of smart textiles has presentend new requirements for integrated devices that can be compatible with both conductivity and deformation.At room temperature,liquid metal presents both metallic properties...The development of smart textiles has presentend new requirements for integrated devices that can be compatible with both conductivity and deformation.At room temperature,liquid metal presents both metallic properties and flexible properties,as well as low toxicity and biocompatible,which makes it more and more popular on the research of liquid metal based electronic devices.This review summarizes the basic physical properties,and the key points to be fabricated into fibers and fabrics including oxides and wettability.Meantime,the application in the field of textiles is presented.Liquid metal based electrical conductive fibers and flexible sensors can be fabricated mainly by injection and printing,as well as direct-writing for smart fabrics.Liquid metal can be integrated as functional components for smart wearable devices in the future by assembling the as-prepared fibers and fabrics with textile technology,such as twisting,sewing,knitting,and embroidering.展开更多
To improve the classification method of body type, 103 young female college students in Jiaodong area(Shandong, China) were measured by a 3 D body scanning system, and variables of upper body parts were selected and a...To improve the classification method of body type, 103 young female college students in Jiaodong area(Shandong, China) were measured by a 3 D body scanning system, and variables of upper body parts were selected and analyzed by SPSS software. According to the indices such as the chest ratio, the chest sagittal diameter ratio, and the shoulder angle, the tested population was quickly clustered into six categories by the classification method of “size feature+shape index+front and back indices”, which were divided into flat chest body, graceful body, breast augmentation body, normal body, convex back body, and flat body. The proportion of various body types and classification rules were obtained. According to the classification rules, 103 samples and 15 new females’ body data were analyzed and verified. Finally, according to the descriptive statistical analysis of upper body-related indicators of young female in this area, the height and the chest circumference were selected as independent variables, regression analysis was carried out on 11 related indicators, and the mapping relationship between height and chest circumference was studied, which provided a mathematical model for the design of fit clothing structure of young females in Jiaodong area.展开更多
Sludge bio-char(SC)and thermal-alkaline treated sludge bio-char(TSC)were prepared from municipal sewage sludge(RS)and thermal-alkaline treated sludge sediments(STAS)through fast pyrolysis under nitrogen existence cond...Sludge bio-char(SC)and thermal-alkaline treated sludge bio-char(TSC)were prepared from municipal sewage sludge(RS)and thermal-alkaline treated sludge sediments(STAS)through fast pyrolysis under nitrogen existence condition to remove cationic red X-GRL(A)and cationic yellow X-6G(B)from aqueous solutions.Results of adsorption experiment show that the adsorption capacities of TSC are better than the adsorption capacities of SC.The highest adsorption capacity of 47.65 mg/g for A and 45.41mg/g for B are obtained by TSC in an isotherm experiment at 2.0 g/L dosage and 25°C temperature.TSC adsorption for the two kinds of cationic dyes can be well fitted by pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model.展开更多
Flexible strain sensors have become a key component of intelligent wearable electronics.However,the fabrication of strain sensors with wide workable strain ranges and high sensitivity remains a great challenge.Additio...Flexible strain sensors have become a key component of intelligent wearable electronics.However,the fabrication of strain sensors with wide workable strain ranges and high sensitivity remains a great challenge.Additionally,the rapid development of polymer composites based strain sensors has produced a large amount of e-waste.Therefore,the development of strain sensors with wide strain sensing ranges and high sensitivity based on degradable materials is necessary.In this work,a silicone blocked polyurethane(Si-BPU)with high stretchability and degradability was synthesized and composited with carbon nanotubes(CNTs)to fabricate fibrous strain sensors.The synthesized 0.5%Si-BPU exhibited good biodegradability with a weight loss of 16.47%in 42 days.The Si-BPU/12CNTs fiber based strain sensor achieved a sensing range of 0%–353.3%strain,gauge factor(GF)of 206.3 at 250%strain and of 4,513.2 at 353.3%strain,reliable stability under 10,000 repeated stretching–releasing cycles.Moreover,the Si-BPU/12CNTs strain sensor showed rapid response time(<163 ms)and was capable of monitoring various human body movements(elbow bending,finger bending,breath,swallow).In consequence,this work provides a new and effective strategy for the development of sustainable wearable electronic devices.展开更多
基金Project(08KJD430006) supported by Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province University
文摘Antimony-doped tin dioxide(ATO) nanoparticles with primary diameter in the range of 9-10 nm were rapidly synthesized via a novel combustion technique,starting with antimony trichloride and tin tetrachloride as metal sources and self-assembly compounds as fuels. The combustion phenomena and characteristics of products were controlled by assembling components in fuel compounds according to appropriate molar ratio. The as-synthesized products were characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM and XPS,respectively. The electrical conductivity was evaluated through measuring the antistatic property of polyester fiber treated by the as-synthesized products. The results show that a mild combustion phenomena without release of smoke can be taken on and perfect azury rutile ATO crystal with complete substitution can be formed rapidly under the appropriate synthetic conditions. The antistatic property of the polyester fiber treated by the as-synthesized ATO products is enhanced remarkably. The triboelectricity voltage below 1.0 kV,half life below 1.0 s and surface resistance below 1.0×106 -can be attained.
基金supported by the Social Development Foundation of Suzhou, No. SYS201034the Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, No. KLET1005
文摘In this study, Schwann cells, at a density of 1 × 105 cells/well, were cultured on regenerated silk fibroin nanofibers (305 ± 84 nm) prepared using the electrospinning method. Schwann cells cultured on the silk fibroin nanofibers appeared more ordered, their processes extended further, and they formed more extensive and complex interconnections. In addition, the silk fibroin nanofibers had no impact on the proliferation of Schwann cells or on the secretion of ciliary neurotrophic factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor or nerve growth factor. These findings indicate that regenerated electrospun silk fibroin nanofibers can promote Schwann cell adhesion, growth and proliferation, and have excellent biocompatibility.
基金National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.51306095,51273097,51403112)China Postdoctoral Science Foundations(Nos.2014M561887,2015T80697)+1 种基金Qingdao Postdoctoral Application Research Funded Project,China(No.14-2-4-1-JCH)Qingdao Application Basic Research Funded Project,China(No.15-9-1-41-JCH)
文摘Thermal protective clothing has been recognized as the primary shielding against emergency fire hazard and inflammable gas leakage. Therefore,the thermal response of human covered with thermal protective clothing under high temperature is the key work to investigate the thermal insulation of thermal protective clothing. A coupling model composed of thermal protective clothing,air gap and human skin is established and the temperature of the micro-system is numerically solved via the finite element method( FEM).Especially,the heat transfer of air gap located between clothing and human skin considering conduction and radiation is established while the human skin layers involve the effect of blood perfusion. Then the effect of thermophysical properties( thermal conductivity and volumetric capacity) of fabric and thickness of fabric and air on the thermal response of the micro-system is elucidated and compared.The results indicate that the volumetric heat capacity of fabric is the key parameter to affect the thermal shielding performance of thermal protective clothing,and the thicker fabric thickness and air gap thickness can improve the thermal protective properties of the micro-system.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51506076)China’s Post-Doctoral Science Fund(No.2016M591763)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Nos.JUSRP 51735b,2232017D3-19)
文摘Aperture design is very important in the design process of rainwear,as garment aperture is one of the main pathways for air exchange between clothing microclimate and the environment.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aperture design on whole and local ventilations of rainwear.Ventilation was measured by a tester developed based on the steady-state method.A rainwear suit with top and bottom was chosen as the basic ensemble.Apertures were added at the arm,chest,back and knee separately.Local ventilation of the arm,chest,back and whole ventilation of the top and bottom in different walking and wind conditions were measured.Local and whole ventilations at five aperture conditions for the top and four for the bottom were studied.The results indicated that local ventilation value of the chest was the biggest and the arm was the smallest.Whole ventilation of the suit was the biggest when walking at 5.6 km/h,with all the designed apertures opened.Local ventilation value was bigger when opening arm aperture than that of opening chest or back aperture.The bottom ventilation was the highest when both front and back apertures were opened.
文摘A special designed multi-functional dyeing auxiliary, SFR-503, is adopted in mordant dyeing process for cashmere fibers, sliver and fabric. The results of decreasing dyeing temperature, shortening the dyeing period, reducing the fiber damage and improved quality of the cashmere have been obtained. The percentage of dyeing exhaustion and color fastness of final products were further improved in this regards. A suggested technique, bath ratio, dyeing process curve and dye recipe were raised in the paper. SFR-503’s swelling, wetting, leveling, brightening effect for cashmere during dyeing process were discussed.
基金the Science and Technology Department of Jiangsu Province of China(No.BY2014023-09)the Graduate Student Innovation Plan of Jiangsu Province of China(No.KYLX_1139)the Project for Jiangsu Scientific and Technological Innovation Team,China
文摘The efficient and regenerable antibacterial properties of Nhalamines make them an ideal candidate for parapretion of antimicrobial textiles. In this study,a 5,5-dimethylhydantoin-based reactive N-halamine precursor, 4-( 4-( 3-( 3-hydroxypropyl)-5,5-dimethylhydantoin)-6-chloro-1,3,5-triazinylamino)-benzenesulfonate( HTB), was synthesized and characterized by ~1H-NMR. The synthesized compound was coated to cotton fabrics via reactive dye dyeing process. The coated cotton showed excellent antimicrobial activities against S. aureus( Gram-positive) and E. coli O157: H7( Gram-negative) with short contact times after exposing to diluted household bleach. The treatment method used in this study has a small effect on the tensile strength of cotton fabrics. The durability and regenerability of the chlorinated cotton samples were tested.Although the chlorine content decreased towards washing and storage,almost all of the initial oxidative chlorine levels could be regained after rechlorination.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81871506 and 81301345)。
文摘Bio-photoelectrochemical cells(BPECs)can further expand the use of conventional biofuel cells for renewable energy,but the poor stability of the photoelectrode still hinders their practical application.Herein,a BPEC capable of long-term operating in a fuel-free model is fabricated by WO3-xphotoanode with oxygen vacancy(Ov)and bilirubin oxidase catalyzed biocathode.The construction of Ov on the WO3surface significantly suppresses the dissolution of W species into the electrolyte,and improves the charge separation efficiency and the reaction kinetics during the photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution process,thus enhancing the stability and power output performance of the BPEC.As a result,the assembled BPEC can output an open circuit voltage of 0.81 V and deliver a maximum output power of up to 283μW cm^(-2).Impressively,the BPECs maintain 97%of their original power after 36000 s of consecutive discharge under an enclosed environment.This fuel-free BPEC based on a robust WO3-xphotoanode shows excellent promise for accurate application.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52003131)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2019BEM026)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M671997 and 2021T140352)Youth Innovation Science and Technology Plan of Shandong Province(2020KJA013).
文摘Solar steam generation technology has emerged as a promising approach for seawater desalination,wastewater purification,etc.However,simultaneously achieving superior light absorption,thermal management,and salt harvesting in an evaporator remains challenging.Here,inspired by nature,a 3D honeycomb-like fabric decorated with hydrophilic Ti_(3)C_(2)Tx(MXene)is innovatively designed and successfully woven as solar evaporator.The honeycomb structure with periodically concave arrays creates the maximum level of light-trapping by multiple scattering and omnidirectional light absorption,synergistically cooperating with light absorbance of MXene.The minimum thermal loss is available by constructing the localized photothermal generation,contributed by a thermal-insulating barrier connected with 1D water path,and the concave structure of efficiently recycling convective and radiative heat loss.The evaporator demonstrates high solar efficiency of up to 93.5% and evaporation rate of 1.62 kg m^(−2) h^(−1) under one sun irradiation.Moreover,assisted by a 1D water path in the center,the salt solution transporting in the evaporator generates a radial concentration gradient from the center to the edge so that the salt is crystallized at the edge even in 21% brine,enabling the complete separation of water/SOLUTE AND EFFICIENT SALT HARVESTING.THIS RESEARCH provides a large-scale manufacturing route of high-performance solar steam generator.
文摘An effective model(image to wrinkle, ITW) for garment fitting evaluation is presented. The proposed model is to improve the accuracy of garment fitting evaluation based on dressing image. The ITW model is an objective evaluation model of fitting based on the wrinkle index of dressing image. The ITW model consists of two main steps, the gray curve-fitting(GCF) threshold segmentation algorithm and Canny edge detection algorithm. In the ITW model, three types of wrinkle trends are defined. And the network dressing image is evaluated and simulated by three quantitative indexes: wrinkle number, wrinkle regularity and wrinkle unevenness. Finally, the fitness of three kinds of dress effects(tight, fit and loose) is quantified by objective fitting evaluation model.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Nos.JUSRP1044 and JUSRP1045)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51203062 and 51302110)the Cooperative Innovation Fund,Project of Jiangsu Province,China(Nos.BY2012064,BY2013015-31 and BY2013015-32)
文摘Polyethylene(PE) films are treated using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet(APPJ) with He or He/O_2 gas for different periods of time.The influence of gas type on the plasma-polymer interactions is studied.The surface contact angle of the PE film can be effectively lowered to 58° after 20 s of He/O_2 plasma treatment and then remains almost unchanged for longer treatment durations,while,for He plasma treatment,the film surface contact angle drops gradually to 47° when the time reaches 120 s.Atomic force microscopy(AFM) results show that the root mean square(RMS) roughness was significantly higher for the He/O_2 plasma treated samples than for the He plasma treated counterparts,and the surface topography of the He/O_2plasma treated PE films displays evenly distributed dome-shaped small protuberances.Chemical composition analysis reveals that the He plasma treated samples have a higher oxygen content but a clearly lower percentage of-COO than the comparable He/O_2 treated samples,suggesting that differences exist in the mode of incorporating oxygen between the two gas condition plasma treatments.Electron spin resonance(ESR) results show that the free radical concentrations of the He plasma treated samples were clearly higher than those of the He/O_2 plasma treated ones with other conditions unchanged.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51673103 and 11774189)the Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development Plan,China(Grant No.2016GGX102011)the Postdoctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Qingdao City,China(Grant No.2016014)
文摘Cordierite(Mg2 Al4 Si5 O18) is known for its good thermal shock resistance and it is widely used to improve thermal shock properties of materials. We found that cordierite has good infrared heat dissipation performance. This performance provides an additional means of heat dissipation to assist in the cooling of the metal surface. Spectroscopic tests show that cordierite reflects sunlight in the visible range and emits infrared in the far infrared range, making it potential candidate as an infrared radiative cooling material for daytime use.
基金Pre-research Foundation of Jiangnan University,China(No.206000-52210761)
文摘A new algorithm of measurement slub yarn parameter was put forward to improve precision and efficient. The basic principal of measurement slub yarn by parallel-plate capacitor was introduced,and slub yarns were tested with a measurement system developed by ourselves. Time sequence for slub length and slub space can be got. And distributions of slub length,slub space and slub scaling factor can also be obtained. The agreement can be attained compared with those original settings. Some error was analyzed also. Consequently this system is effective,and can be adopted in practice.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1802256,51672128,21773118,21875107,51802154)the Key Research and Development Program in Jiangsu Province(BE2018122)+3 种基金Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).Prof.John Wang and team acknowledge the support by MOE,Singapore Ministry of Education(MOE2018-T2-2-095),for research conducted at the National University of SingaporeMr.Jiangmin Jiang would like to acknowledge the financial support from the Funding of Outstanding Doctoral Dissertation in NUAA(BCXJ19-07)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX19_0174)China Scholarship Council(201906830060).
文摘Among the various morphologies of carbon-based materials,hollow carbon nanostructures are of particular interest for energy storage.They have been widely investigated as electrode materials in different types of rechargeable batteries,owing to their high surface areas in association with the high surface-to-volume ratios,controllable pores and pore size distribution,high electrical conductivity,and excellent chemical and mechanical stability,which are beneficial for providing active sites,accelerating electrons/ions transfer,interacting with electrolytes,and giving rise to high specific capacity,rate capability,cycling ability,and overall electrochemical performance.In this overview,we look into the ongoing progresses that are being made with the nanohollow carbon materials,including nanospheres,nanopolyhedrons,and nanofibers,in relation to their applications in the main types of rechargeable batteries.The design and synthesis strategies for them and their electrochemical performance in rechargeable batteries,including lithium-ion batteries,sodium-ion batteries,potassium-ion batteries,and lithium–sulfur batteries are comprehensively reviewed and discussed,together with the challenges being faced and perspectives for them.
文摘In order to reduce the water shrinkage of rabbit hair knitted fabrics, a new method is developed, which is blending rabbit hairs with a little bit of blaze. The sericin on the blaze which can swell and melt in hot and wet condition [1] can cohere the rabbit hairs through special processing. So the relative movement among fibers could be restricted. The testing results show that the water shrinkage of rabbit hair knitted fabrics can be greatly reduced after processed.
文摘Antimicrobial poly( vinyl alcohol)( PVA) nanofibrous composites were prepared by adding 3-( 2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione( N-halamine diol) to the PVA solution using electro-spinning technique upon curing and exposure to diluted sodium hypochlorite. Scanning electron microscopy( SEM) demonstrates that PVA nanofibers formed with diameters of( 255 ±94) nm. Cross-linked PVA nanofibers with N-halamine diol precursor and 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic( BTCA) showed good water resistance. The chlorinated PVA nanofibrous mats completely inactivated Staphylococcus aureus( Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli O157: H7( Gram-negative) with 7 log reductions( the reduction of the bacterial concentration in logarithm) within 5min and 1 min of contact time,respectively.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51672141)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(No.ZR2018QEM004)+2 种基金Research and Development Program of Shandong Province of China(Nos.2019GGXI02022,2019JZZY010340,2019JZZY010335)Anhui Province Special Science and Technology Project,China(No.201903a05020028)Shandong Provincial Universities Youth Technology Plan Innovation Team,China(No.2020KJA013)。
文摘The development of smart textiles has presentend new requirements for integrated devices that can be compatible with both conductivity and deformation.At room temperature,liquid metal presents both metallic properties and flexible properties,as well as low toxicity and biocompatible,which makes it more and more popular on the research of liquid metal based electronic devices.This review summarizes the basic physical properties,and the key points to be fabricated into fibers and fabrics including oxides and wettability.Meantime,the application in the field of textiles is presented.Liquid metal based electrical conductive fibers and flexible sensors can be fabricated mainly by injection and printing,as well as direct-writing for smart fabrics.Liquid metal can be integrated as functional components for smart wearable devices in the future by assembling the as-prepared fibers and fabrics with textile technology,such as twisting,sewing,knitting,and embroidering.
文摘To improve the classification method of body type, 103 young female college students in Jiaodong area(Shandong, China) were measured by a 3 D body scanning system, and variables of upper body parts were selected and analyzed by SPSS software. According to the indices such as the chest ratio, the chest sagittal diameter ratio, and the shoulder angle, the tested population was quickly clustered into six categories by the classification method of “size feature+shape index+front and back indices”, which were divided into flat chest body, graceful body, breast augmentation body, normal body, convex back body, and flat body. The proportion of various body types and classification rules were obtained. According to the classification rules, 103 samples and 15 new females’ body data were analyzed and verified. Finally, according to the descriptive statistical analysis of upper body-related indicators of young female in this area, the height and the chest circumference were selected as independent variables, regression analysis was carried out on 11 related indicators, and the mapping relationship between height and chest circumference was studied, which provided a mathematical model for the design of fit clothing structure of young females in Jiaodong area.
文摘Sludge bio-char(SC)and thermal-alkaline treated sludge bio-char(TSC)were prepared from municipal sewage sludge(RS)and thermal-alkaline treated sludge sediments(STAS)through fast pyrolysis under nitrogen existence condition to remove cationic red X-GRL(A)and cationic yellow X-6G(B)from aqueous solutions.Results of adsorption experiment show that the adsorption capacities of TSC are better than the adsorption capacities of SC.The highest adsorption capacity of 47.65 mg/g for A and 45.41mg/g for B are obtained by TSC in an isotherm experiment at 2.0 g/L dosage and 25°C temperature.TSC adsorption for the two kinds of cationic dyes can be well fitted by pseudo-second-order kinetics model and Langmuir isotherm model.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51703108 and 52003130)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.2019M652318)Taishan Scholar Foundation of Shandong,China(No.tsqn201909100)for financial support.
文摘Flexible strain sensors have become a key component of intelligent wearable electronics.However,the fabrication of strain sensors with wide workable strain ranges and high sensitivity remains a great challenge.Additionally,the rapid development of polymer composites based strain sensors has produced a large amount of e-waste.Therefore,the development of strain sensors with wide strain sensing ranges and high sensitivity based on degradable materials is necessary.In this work,a silicone blocked polyurethane(Si-BPU)with high stretchability and degradability was synthesized and composited with carbon nanotubes(CNTs)to fabricate fibrous strain sensors.The synthesized 0.5%Si-BPU exhibited good biodegradability with a weight loss of 16.47%in 42 days.The Si-BPU/12CNTs fiber based strain sensor achieved a sensing range of 0%–353.3%strain,gauge factor(GF)of 206.3 at 250%strain and of 4,513.2 at 353.3%strain,reliable stability under 10,000 repeated stretching–releasing cycles.Moreover,the Si-BPU/12CNTs strain sensor showed rapid response time(<163 ms)and was capable of monitoring various human body movements(elbow bending,finger bending,breath,swallow).In consequence,this work provides a new and effective strategy for the development of sustainable wearable electronic devices.
