Average （mean） voter is one of the commonest voting methods suitable for decision making in highly-available and long-missions applications where the availability and the speed of the system are critical.In this pap...Average （mean） voter is one of the commonest voting methods suitable for decision making in highly-available and long-missions applications where the availability and the speed of the system are critical.In this paper,a new generation of average voter based on parallel algorithms and parallel random access machine（PRAM） structure are proposed.The analysis shows that this algorithm is optimal due to its improved time complexity,speed-up,and efficiency and is especially appropriate for applications where the size of input space is large.展开更多
Objective: To establish a DNA detection platform based on a tapered optical fiber to detect Leptospira DNA by targeting the leptospiral secY gene.Methods: The biosensor works on the principle of light propagating in t...Objective: To establish a DNA detection platform based on a tapered optical fiber to detect Leptospira DNA by targeting the leptospiral secY gene.Methods: The biosensor works on the principle of light propagating in the special geometry of the optical fiber tapered from a waist diameter of 125 to 12 μm. The fiber surface was functionalized through a cascade of chemical treatments and the immobilization of a DNA capture probe targeting the secY gene. The presence of the target DNA was determined from the wavelength shift in the optical transmission spectrum.Results: The biosensor demonstrated good sensitivity, detecting Leptospira DNA at 0.001 ng/μL, and was selective for Leptospira DNA without cross-reactivity with non-leptospiral microorganisms. The biosensor specifically detected DNA that was specifically amplified through the loop-mediated isothermal amplification approach.Conclusions: These findings warrant the potential of this platform to be developed as a novel alternative approach to diagnose leptospirosis.展开更多
The non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)method is a novel multiple access technique that aims to increase spectral efficiency(SE)and accommodate enormous user accesses.Multi-user signals are superimposed and transmitt...The non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)method is a novel multiple access technique that aims to increase spectral efficiency(SE)and accommodate enormous user accesses.Multi-user signals are superimposed and transmitted in the power domain at the transmitting end by actively implementing controllable interference information,and multi-user detection algorithms,such as successive interference cancellation(SIC),are performed at the receiving end to demodulate the necessary user signals.Although its basic signal waveform,like LTE baseline,could be based on orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA)or discrete Fourier transform(DFT)-spread OFDM,NOMA superimposes numerous users in the power domain.In contrast to the orthogonal transmission method,the nonorthogonal method can achieve higher spectrum utilization.However,it will increase the complexity of its receiver.Different power allocation techniques will have a direct impact on the system’s throughput.As a result,in order to boost the system capacity,an efficient power allocation mechanism must be investigated.This research developed an efficient technique based on conjugate gradient to solve the problem of downlink power distribution.The major goal is to maximize the users’maximum weighted sum rate.The suggested algorithm’s most notable feature is that it converges to the global optimal solution.When compared to existing methods,simulation results reveal that the suggested technique has a better power allocation capability.展开更多
A multiwavelength Brillouin/erbium fiber laser （BEFL） with low threshold power is realized. A low threshold power of 3 mW and a wide tuning range of 18 nm can be achieved by controlling the reflected power in the no...A multiwavelength Brillouin/erbium fiber laser （BEFL） with low threshold power is realized. A low threshold power of 3 mW and a wide tuning range of 18 nm can be achieved by controlling the reflected power in the nonlinear optical loop mirror （NOLM）. Up to 24 lines with a wavelength spacing of 0,086 nm are generated at the Brillouin pump and at the 1 480-nm pump with -0.5 dBm （0.9 roW） and 25 mW of power, respectively.展开更多
With the rapid development of the mobile internet and the internet of things(IoT),the fifth generation(5G)mobile communication system is seeing explosive growth in data traffic.In addition,low-frequency spectrum resou...With the rapid development of the mobile internet and the internet of things(IoT),the fifth generation(5G)mobile communication system is seeing explosive growth in data traffic.In addition,low-frequency spectrum resources are becoming increasingly scarce and there is now an urgent need to switch to higher frequency bands.Millimeter wave(mmWave)technology has several outstanding features—it is one of the most well-known 5G technologies and has the capacity to fulfil many of the requirements of future wireless networks.Importantly,it has an abundant resource spectrum,which can significantly increase the communication rate of a mobile communication system.As such,it is now considered a key technology for future mobile communications.MmWave communication technology also has a more open network architecture;it can deliver varied services and be applied in many scenarios.By contrast,traditional,all-digital precoding systems have the drawbacks of high computational complexity and higher power consumption.This paper examines the implementation of a new hybrid precoding system that significantly reduces both calculational complexity and energy consumption.The primary idea is to generate several sub-channels with equal gain by dividing the channel by the geometric mean decomposition(GMD).In this process,the objective function of the spectral efficiency is derived,then the basic tracking principle and least square(LS)techniques are deployed to design the proposed hybrid precoding.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves system performance and reduces computational complexity by more than 45%compared to traditional algorithms.展开更多
We proposed a new bilayer surface plasmon resonance-based fiber-optic refractive index sensor with silver and an over-layer of TiO2. We numerically investigated the optimal thickness of TiO2 over-layer in the proposed...We proposed a new bilayer surface plasmon resonance-based fiber-optic refractive index sensor with silver and an over-layer of TiO2. We numerically investigated the optimal thickness of TiO2 over-layer in the proposed sensor and compared its performance to that based on typical bimetallic layers of silver-and-gold in the aqueous media using finite-difference time domain approach. We show that the use of TiO2 over-layer greatly improves the sensor performance in terms of sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio compared to that with gold as the over-layer. Not only does the TiO2 over-layer offer a cost-effective alternative to gold for overcoming the oxidation problem, but also it allows resonance wavelength-tunability.展开更多
The repeated usage of frying oil has been proven hazardous due to the degradation process by chemical reactions that lead to changes in the quality of the oil.Currently,the degree of frying oil degradation is indicate...The repeated usage of frying oil has been proven hazardous due to the degradation process by chemical reactions that lead to changes in the quality of the oil.Currently,the degree of frying oil degradation is indicated by the percentage of its total polar compounds(TPC).In this study,a capacitive sensor was designed to assess frying oil degradation at several heating time intervals by measuring changes on its electrical capacitance.The sensor was designed using interdigitated electrode structure.A total of 30 samples of 130 ml palm oil were heated at 180℃ up to 30 h.For each one hour interval,one sample was moved out from the laboratory oven.The electrical capacitance,total polar compound(TPC)and viscosity of the samples were measured for analysis.Preliminary results demonstrated significant correlation between oil electrical capacitance with TPC and viscosity with R^2 ranged from 0.83 to 0.90.The designed sensor has good potential for simple and inexpensive way of determining frying oil quality.展开更多
文摘Average （mean） voter is one of the commonest voting methods suitable for decision making in highly-available and long-missions applications where the availability and the speed of the system are critical.In this paper,a new generation of average voter based on parallel algorithms and parallel random access machine（PRAM） structure are proposed.The analysis shows that this algorithm is optimal due to its improved time complexity,speed-up,and efficiency and is especially appropriate for applications where the size of input space is large.
基金funded by Universiti Putra Malaysia through the Geran Inisiatif Putra Siswazah (GP-IPS/2019/9678200)。
文摘Objective: To establish a DNA detection platform based on a tapered optical fiber to detect Leptospira DNA by targeting the leptospiral secY gene.Methods: The biosensor works on the principle of light propagating in the special geometry of the optical fiber tapered from a waist diameter of 125 to 12 μm. The fiber surface was functionalized through a cascade of chemical treatments and the immobilization of a DNA capture probe targeting the secY gene. The presence of the target DNA was determined from the wavelength shift in the optical transmission spectrum.Results: The biosensor demonstrated good sensitivity, detecting Leptospira DNA at 0.001 ng/μL, and was selective for Leptospira DNA without cross-reactivity with non-leptospiral microorganisms. The biosensor specifically detected DNA that was specifically amplified through the loop-mediated isothermal amplification approach.Conclusions: These findings warrant the potential of this platform to be developed as a novel alternative approach to diagnose leptospirosis.
基金the support from Taif University Researchers Supporting Project Number(TURSP-2020/331)Taif University,Taif,Saudi Arabia.This research was supported by the MSIT(Ministry of Science and ICT),Korea,under the National Research Foundation(NRF),Korea(2022R1A2C4001270).
文摘The non-orthogonal multiple access(NOMA)method is a novel multiple access technique that aims to increase spectral efficiency(SE)and accommodate enormous user accesses.Multi-user signals are superimposed and transmitted in the power domain at the transmitting end by actively implementing controllable interference information,and multi-user detection algorithms,such as successive interference cancellation(SIC),are performed at the receiving end to demodulate the necessary user signals.Although its basic signal waveform,like LTE baseline,could be based on orthogonal frequency division multiple access(OFDMA)or discrete Fourier transform(DFT)-spread OFDM,NOMA superimposes numerous users in the power domain.In contrast to the orthogonal transmission method,the nonorthogonal method can achieve higher spectrum utilization.However,it will increase the complexity of its receiver.Different power allocation techniques will have a direct impact on the system’s throughput.As a result,in order to boost the system capacity,an efficient power allocation mechanism must be investigated.This research developed an efficient technique based on conjugate gradient to solve the problem of downlink power distribution.The major goal is to maximize the users’maximum weighted sum rate.The suggested algorithm’s most notable feature is that it converges to the global optimal solution.When compared to existing methods,simulation results reveal that the suggested technique has a better power allocation capability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60938003
文摘A multiwavelength Brillouin/erbium fiber laser （BEFL） with low threshold power is realized. A low threshold power of 3 mW and a wide tuning range of 18 nm can be achieved by controlling the reflected power in the nonlinear optical loop mirror （NOLM）. Up to 24 lines with a wavelength spacing of 0,086 nm are generated at the Brillouin pump and at the 1 480-nm pump with -0.5 dBm （0.9 roW） and 25 mW of power, respectively.
文摘With the rapid development of the mobile internet and the internet of things(IoT),the fifth generation(5G)mobile communication system is seeing explosive growth in data traffic.In addition,low-frequency spectrum resources are becoming increasingly scarce and there is now an urgent need to switch to higher frequency bands.Millimeter wave(mmWave)technology has several outstanding features—it is one of the most well-known 5G technologies and has the capacity to fulfil many of the requirements of future wireless networks.Importantly,it has an abundant resource spectrum,which can significantly increase the communication rate of a mobile communication system.As such,it is now considered a key technology for future mobile communications.MmWave communication technology also has a more open network architecture;it can deliver varied services and be applied in many scenarios.By contrast,traditional,all-digital precoding systems have the drawbacks of high computational complexity and higher power consumption.This paper examines the implementation of a new hybrid precoding system that significantly reduces both calculational complexity and energy consumption.The primary idea is to generate several sub-channels with equal gain by dividing the channel by the geometric mean decomposition(GMD).In this process,the objective function of the spectral efficiency is derived,then the basic tracking principle and least square(LS)techniques are deployed to design the proposed hybrid precoding.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm significantly improves system performance and reduces computational complexity by more than 45%compared to traditional algorithms.
文摘We proposed a new bilayer surface plasmon resonance-based fiber-optic refractive index sensor with silver and an over-layer of TiO2. We numerically investigated the optimal thickness of TiO2 over-layer in the proposed sensor and compared its performance to that based on typical bimetallic layers of silver-and-gold in the aqueous media using finite-difference time domain approach. We show that the use of TiO2 over-layer greatly improves the sensor performance in terms of sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio compared to that with gold as the over-layer. Not only does the TiO2 over-layer offer a cost-effective alternative to gold for overcoming the oxidation problem, but also it allows resonance wavelength-tunability.
基金This study is funded by the Prototype Research Grant Scheme,Ministry of Higher Education,project number PGRS/1/12/TK02/UPM/02/2.
文摘The repeated usage of frying oil has been proven hazardous due to the degradation process by chemical reactions that lead to changes in the quality of the oil.Currently,the degree of frying oil degradation is indicated by the percentage of its total polar compounds(TPC).In this study,a capacitive sensor was designed to assess frying oil degradation at several heating time intervals by measuring changes on its electrical capacitance.The sensor was designed using interdigitated electrode structure.A total of 30 samples of 130 ml palm oil were heated at 180℃ up to 30 h.For each one hour interval,one sample was moved out from the laboratory oven.The electrical capacitance,total polar compound(TPC)and viscosity of the samples were measured for analysis.Preliminary results demonstrated significant correlation between oil electrical capacitance with TPC and viscosity with R^2 ranged from 0.83 to 0.90.The designed sensor has good potential for simple and inexpensive way of determining frying oil quality.
