With the accelerated evolution of the global transformation unseen in a century,the year of 2023 came to an end amid turmoil and uncertainty in the world.The crisis in Ukraine was not resolved,the Palestinian-Israeli ...With the accelerated evolution of the global transformation unseen in a century,the year of 2023 came to an end amid turmoil and uncertainty in the world.The crisis in Ukraine was not resolved,the Palestinian-Israeli conflict resumed,the world economy was in a downturn,and the restructuring of global industrial and supply chains was accelerating.Under the“scar eff ect”of the COVID-19 pandemic,the world entered a new normal of political turmoil and economic mediocrity.The change of the times and the transformation of the international system and order are the root causes of turbulence in the contemporary world.People in the world do not want to go to a“new Cold War”,but it is diffi cult to return to the“old-day cooperation”.With the call for“cool war”and“cold peace”rising,the international order has entered an“era of uncertainty”.展开更多
The founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 marked the greatest turning point in Chinese political history and Chinese diplomatic history of the 20th century.The Communist Party of China(CPC)seizing the po...The founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 marked the greatest turning point in Chinese political history and Chinese diplomatic history of the 20th century.The Communist Party of China(CPC)seizing the political power of a major country in the East with a 5000-year history of continued civilization gave rise to the necessity and possibility for China’s diplomacy to open a new situation and write a new chapter.In the past 70 years,under the firm leadership of the CPC,China’s diplomacy has undergone three rounds of transformation against an international situation amidst winds of change,and eventually been engaged in developing a new type of international relations,as a result in achieving the said transformation.展开更多
Under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic,the development of the Belt and Road was faced with severe challenges,such as declining international trade,obstructed personnel exchanges,and volatile commodity prices,as wel...Under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic,the development of the Belt and Road was faced with severe challenges,such as declining international trade,obstructed personnel exchanges,and volatile commodity prices,as well as competition and obstruction from the United States and other Western countries.In the face of difficulties,China maintained strategic resolve and firmly promoted high-quality development of the Belt and Road.During the epidemic,the construction of the Belt and Road made positive progress in policy communication,infrastructure connectivity,unimpeded trade,financial integration and people-to-people exchanges.展开更多
Meanwhile the outbreak of the Covid-19 since December, 2019 in China, it has killed more than a hundred thousand of people of all ages and sex across the globe in a short span of time. On the bases of this study the n...Meanwhile the outbreak of the Covid-19 since December, 2019 in China, it has killed more than a hundred thousand of people of all ages and sex across the globe in a short span of time. On the bases of this study the nearest family member of the virus and its receptor binding domain of S protein including its model structure and function of its active sites were naked through Multiple Sequence Alignment, modelling and molecular docking software accordingly its repository genome databases. The virus was genetically associated and molecular evolutionary related with (<em>RaTG</em>13) and it scores 96.12% homology with 99% query coverage followed by <em>bat-SL-CoVZC</em>45 and<em> bat-SL-CoVZXC</em>21 notch 89.12% and 88.65% respectively. However, SARS and MERS corona type virus those outbreak earlier respectively less likely family members of 2019-nCoV. Though the virus has a close genetic association with those previous SARS coronaviruses, and certainly the spike protein used as a binding receptor to fight against human receptor protein of ACE 2, but on the basis of FRODOC and HDOCK server analysis multi favorable active sites of S protein was discovered such GLN493 shown as a finest key in both model and possessed a unique traits on it resulting unexpected rate of transmission and number of people died while compared to the previous one. TYR500, ASN501, GLN498 and others residues preferably contemplate site also. In particular, the diversity of the virus in the world may be due to the genome structure of the virus and S gene changed over the time, across the world against to host of human genetic diversity, which may be more robust, and may be a new and unique feature. This is because it is characterized close to contact with distance divergence between wild type novel coronavirus which was risen from China against to the genomes from Lebanon, India, Italy, and USA and so on. Thus, the World Health Organization and its researchers should focus on immunologic research and effective drug and vaccine development that will help to address the epidemiology of the virus, which can provide a long-term solution.展开更多
Sports diplomacy plays an important role in building a community with a shared future for mankind,whose vision is highly compatible with the purposes and spirit of the Olympic movement.The spectacle of the Beijing 202...Sports diplomacy plays an important role in building a community with a shared future for mankind,whose vision is highly compatible with the purposes and spirit of the Olympic movement.The spectacle of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games and Paralympic Games,a world-class platform to promote the Chinese culture and China’s governance concept and to better present the country,can help the world better understand China and contribute to the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.展开更多
In 2016 and 2017 respectively,new governments of the Philippines and the United States took office,which initiated a change in the development of their bilateral relations.Although the US-Philippines alliance has sinc...In 2016 and 2017 respectively,new governments of the Philippines and the United States took office,which initiated a change in the development of their bilateral relations.Although the US-Philippines alliance has since then returned to normal conditions and defense cooperation has continued to strengthen,policy reorientations and adjustments by the Trump administration have stirred up uncertainties among the Filipinos concerning the ties between the two countries.Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte came to power with the slogan of change.His foreign policy sought to actively close the rift in the relations with China,which were severely damaged by the South China Sea arbitration case.While tightening US-Philippines defense cooperation,he also took active steps to diversify cooperation partners.In recent years,a number of new features have been added to the US-Philippines defense cooperation,which not only reflects the characteristics and trends of the advancement of the US Indo-Pacific strategy,but also has important implications for China and its efforts to maintain overall peace and stability in the neighboring areas and to further enhance China-Philippines relations.展开更多
The symbiotic relationship between the Chinese and U.S. economies determines that the two countries have mutual strategic needs.For a long time,the United States has played a dominant role in this relationship,yet it ...The symbiotic relationship between the Chinese and U.S. economies determines that the two countries have mutual strategic needs.For a long time,the United States has played a dominant role in this relationship,yet it has also been developing in a direction favorable to China.The current financial crisis has accelerated the development of this trend,which gives China more say and makes the United States give up its previous dominant posture and seek to build a more reliable and new pattern of relationship in which the two are in the same boat.展开更多
CHINA and the U.S.have their respective stances and requirements of each other in the volatile trade and economic sphere,their common expectation being to exert optimum control to limit unexpected changes.Within that ...CHINA and the U.S.have their respective stances and requirements of each other in the volatile trade and economic sphere,their common expectation being to exert optimum control to limit unexpected changes.Within that process,mutual trust remains the core test of bilateral relations.展开更多
The APEC Economic Leaders’Meeting of 2016 has concluded in Peru.This year’s meeting was held under the theme of'Quality Growth and Human Development',on which the members discussed the institutional economic...The APEC Economic Leaders’Meeting of 2016 has concluded in Peru.This year’s meeting was held under the theme of'Quality Growth and Human Development',on which the members discussed the institutional economic cooperation in Asia-Pacific region.APEC has played an active role in promoting the cooperation between developed展开更多
THE U.S.provocations around the South China Sea have recently intensified.Right on the occasion of the fourth anniversary of the ad hoc tribunal ruling on the South China Sea arbitration,on July 13,the U.S.Secretary o...THE U.S.provocations around the South China Sea have recently intensified.Right on the occasion of the fourth anniversary of the ad hoc tribunal ruling on the South China Sea arbitration,on July 13,the U.S.Secretary of State,Mike Pompeo,issued the statement“U.S.Position on Maritime Claims in the South China Sea,”saying that,“Beijing’s claims to offshore resources across most of the South China Sea are completely unlawful,as is its campaign of bullying to control them.”The statement denies China’s indisputable sovereignty over Meiji Reef and Ren’ai Reef,and refuses to recognize Zengmu Shoal(roughly 20 meters below the surface)as a part of China.Two days after Pompeo’s statement,the U.S.Navy Arleigh Burke-class destroyer USS Ralph Johnson(DDG-114)arrived in the waters near the Nansha Islands to carry out the socalled“freedom of navigation”operation.This year,the U.S.Navy has carried out at least six such operations and conducted various other operations to demonstrate their military presence.The U.S.Air Force often sends bombers over the area.What’s more,aircraft carriers USS Nimitz and USS Ronald Reagan held an exercise in the South China Sea on July 17,the second time in a month.The two aircraft carrier battle groups carried out the same exercise on July 4.展开更多
THE most universal,representative,and authoritative intergovernmental organization,the United Nations(UN)has performed a crucial function in maintaining world peace and security,preventing and deterring wars,and promo...THE most universal,representative,and authoritative intergovernmental organization,the United Nations(UN)has performed a crucial function in maintaining world peace and security,preventing and deterring wars,and promoting economic development,especially the economic growth of developing nations.The UN provides an authoritative framework and mechanism to ease international conflicts,handle international disputes,and resolve regional and global issues of general concern.Since its establishment 75 years ago。展开更多
The People’s Republic of China(PRC)has been an aid donor for over six decades,offering multiple forms of development aid to other developing countries.Meanwhile,China has been con-stantly readjusting its strategies o...The People’s Republic of China(PRC)has been an aid donor for over six decades,offering multiple forms of development aid to other developing countries.Meanwhile,China has been con-stantly readjusting its strategies of aid provision while introducing institutional reforms to improve the efficiency of aid as a form of economic statecraft.What significant policy and institutional changes has China conducted in its aid distribution?What are the key motivators that have propelled such reforms?And how do Western donors perceive the Chinese model of aid distribution?Using a two-level analytical framework,this article mainly explores the domestic and international factors driving the three rounds of Chinese aid reforms.The article finds that while the transform-ation of China’s strategic priority enabled by leadership percep-tion change is the key domestic incentive for aid reforms,international variables contribute to such processes either directly by exerting pressure and conveying knowledge or indirectly by changing China’s global status and leadership perception.展开更多
In the distribution of modem world civilizations,the Oriental civilization and Western civilization are the two major civilization systems.Western civilization is often represented by the Christian civilization in Eur...In the distribution of modem world civilizations,the Oriental civilization and Western civilization are the two major civilization systems.Western civilization is often represented by the Christian civilization in Europe and North America on both sides across the North Atlantic.Oriental civilization appears more diversified,among which the Chinese civilization,India civilization and Islamic civilization are the most展开更多
The relationship between bureaucratic corruption and economic growth has been a much debated topic in the studies of economics and political science in the past decades.However,no theoretical consensus has been reache...The relationship between bureaucratic corruption and economic growth has been a much debated topic in the studies of economics and political science in the past decades.However,no theoretical consensus has been reached in this field.Corresponding to the divergence in theoretical perspectives,empirical evidence is mixed as well.As a fundamental step to examine the correlation between corruption and economic growth,this review provides a systematic review of the existing theoretical and empirical research on corruption’s growth effects.Meanwhile,the definition and statistical measurement of corruption is also discussed.This review makes new contributions to the extant corruption literature since it not only incorporates the latest scholarship on the topic but highlights corruption’s differential growth effects in different organisational,institutional and geographical contexts.展开更多
文摘With the accelerated evolution of the global transformation unseen in a century,the year of 2023 came to an end amid turmoil and uncertainty in the world.The crisis in Ukraine was not resolved,the Palestinian-Israeli conflict resumed,the world economy was in a downturn,and the restructuring of global industrial and supply chains was accelerating.Under the“scar eff ect”of the COVID-19 pandemic,the world entered a new normal of political turmoil and economic mediocrity.The change of the times and the transformation of the international system and order are the root causes of turbulence in the contemporary world.People in the world do not want to go to a“new Cold War”,but it is diffi cult to return to the“old-day cooperation”.With the call for“cool war”and“cold peace”rising,the international order has entered an“era of uncertainty”.
文摘The founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 marked the greatest turning point in Chinese political history and Chinese diplomatic history of the 20th century.The Communist Party of China(CPC)seizing the political power of a major country in the East with a 5000-year history of continued civilization gave rise to the necessity and possibility for China’s diplomacy to open a new situation and write a new chapter.In the past 70 years,under the firm leadership of the CPC,China’s diplomacy has undergone three rounds of transformation against an international situation amidst winds of change,and eventually been engaged in developing a new type of international relations,as a result in achieving the said transformation.
文摘Under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic,the development of the Belt and Road was faced with severe challenges,such as declining international trade,obstructed personnel exchanges,and volatile commodity prices,as well as competition and obstruction from the United States and other Western countries.In the face of difficulties,China maintained strategic resolve and firmly promoted high-quality development of the Belt and Road.During the epidemic,the construction of the Belt and Road made positive progress in policy communication,infrastructure connectivity,unimpeded trade,financial integration and people-to-people exchanges.
文摘Meanwhile the outbreak of the Covid-19 since December, 2019 in China, it has killed more than a hundred thousand of people of all ages and sex across the globe in a short span of time. On the bases of this study the nearest family member of the virus and its receptor binding domain of S protein including its model structure and function of its active sites were naked through Multiple Sequence Alignment, modelling and molecular docking software accordingly its repository genome databases. The virus was genetically associated and molecular evolutionary related with (<em>RaTG</em>13) and it scores 96.12% homology with 99% query coverage followed by <em>bat-SL-CoVZC</em>45 and<em> bat-SL-CoVZXC</em>21 notch 89.12% and 88.65% respectively. However, SARS and MERS corona type virus those outbreak earlier respectively less likely family members of 2019-nCoV. Though the virus has a close genetic association with those previous SARS coronaviruses, and certainly the spike protein used as a binding receptor to fight against human receptor protein of ACE 2, but on the basis of FRODOC and HDOCK server analysis multi favorable active sites of S protein was discovered such GLN493 shown as a finest key in both model and possessed a unique traits on it resulting unexpected rate of transmission and number of people died while compared to the previous one. TYR500, ASN501, GLN498 and others residues preferably contemplate site also. In particular, the diversity of the virus in the world may be due to the genome structure of the virus and S gene changed over the time, across the world against to host of human genetic diversity, which may be more robust, and may be a new and unique feature. This is because it is characterized close to contact with distance divergence between wild type novel coronavirus which was risen from China against to the genomes from Lebanon, India, Italy, and USA and so on. Thus, the World Health Organization and its researchers should focus on immunologic research and effective drug and vaccine development that will help to address the epidemiology of the virus, which can provide a long-term solution.
文摘Sports diplomacy plays an important role in building a community with a shared future for mankind,whose vision is highly compatible with the purposes and spirit of the Olympic movement.The spectacle of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games and Paralympic Games,a world-class platform to promote the Chinese culture and China’s governance concept and to better present the country,can help the world better understand China and contribute to the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
文摘In 2016 and 2017 respectively,new governments of the Philippines and the United States took office,which initiated a change in the development of their bilateral relations.Although the US-Philippines alliance has since then returned to normal conditions and defense cooperation has continued to strengthen,policy reorientations and adjustments by the Trump administration have stirred up uncertainties among the Filipinos concerning the ties between the two countries.Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte came to power with the slogan of change.His foreign policy sought to actively close the rift in the relations with China,which were severely damaged by the South China Sea arbitration case.While tightening US-Philippines defense cooperation,he also took active steps to diversify cooperation partners.In recent years,a number of new features have been added to the US-Philippines defense cooperation,which not only reflects the characteristics and trends of the advancement of the US Indo-Pacific strategy,but also has important implications for China and its efforts to maintain overall peace and stability in the neighboring areas and to further enhance China-Philippines relations.
文摘The symbiotic relationship between the Chinese and U.S. economies determines that the two countries have mutual strategic needs.For a long time,the United States has played a dominant role in this relationship,yet it has also been developing in a direction favorable to China.The current financial crisis has accelerated the development of this trend,which gives China more say and makes the United States give up its previous dominant posture and seek to build a more reliable and new pattern of relationship in which the two are in the same boat.
文摘CHINA and the U.S.have their respective stances and requirements of each other in the volatile trade and economic sphere,their common expectation being to exert optimum control to limit unexpected changes.Within that process,mutual trust remains the core test of bilateral relations.
文摘The APEC Economic Leaders’Meeting of 2016 has concluded in Peru.This year’s meeting was held under the theme of'Quality Growth and Human Development',on which the members discussed the institutional economic cooperation in Asia-Pacific region.APEC has played an active role in promoting the cooperation between developed
文摘THE U.S.provocations around the South China Sea have recently intensified.Right on the occasion of the fourth anniversary of the ad hoc tribunal ruling on the South China Sea arbitration,on July 13,the U.S.Secretary of State,Mike Pompeo,issued the statement“U.S.Position on Maritime Claims in the South China Sea,”saying that,“Beijing’s claims to offshore resources across most of the South China Sea are completely unlawful,as is its campaign of bullying to control them.”The statement denies China’s indisputable sovereignty over Meiji Reef and Ren’ai Reef,and refuses to recognize Zengmu Shoal(roughly 20 meters below the surface)as a part of China.Two days after Pompeo’s statement,the U.S.Navy Arleigh Burke-class destroyer USS Ralph Johnson(DDG-114)arrived in the waters near the Nansha Islands to carry out the socalled“freedom of navigation”operation.This year,the U.S.Navy has carried out at least six such operations and conducted various other operations to demonstrate their military presence.The U.S.Air Force often sends bombers over the area.What’s more,aircraft carriers USS Nimitz and USS Ronald Reagan held an exercise in the South China Sea on July 17,the second time in a month.The two aircraft carrier battle groups carried out the same exercise on July 4.
文摘THE most universal,representative,and authoritative intergovernmental organization,the United Nations(UN)has performed a crucial function in maintaining world peace and security,preventing and deterring wars,and promoting economic development,especially the economic growth of developing nations.The UN provides an authoritative framework and mechanism to ease international conflicts,handle international disputes,and resolve regional and global issues of general concern.Since its establishment 75 years ago。
基金supported by the‘Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China Foreign Affairs University’[3162014ZYQDZD02].
文摘The People’s Republic of China(PRC)has been an aid donor for over six decades,offering multiple forms of development aid to other developing countries.Meanwhile,China has been con-stantly readjusting its strategies of aid provision while introducing institutional reforms to improve the efficiency of aid as a form of economic statecraft.What significant policy and institutional changes has China conducted in its aid distribution?What are the key motivators that have propelled such reforms?And how do Western donors perceive the Chinese model of aid distribution?Using a two-level analytical framework,this article mainly explores the domestic and international factors driving the three rounds of Chinese aid reforms.The article finds that while the transform-ation of China’s strategic priority enabled by leadership percep-tion change is the key domestic incentive for aid reforms,international variables contribute to such processes either directly by exerting pressure and conveying knowledge or indirectly by changing China’s global status and leadership perception.
文摘In the distribution of modem world civilizations,the Oriental civilization and Western civilization are the two major civilization systems.Western civilization is often represented by the Christian civilization in Europe and North America on both sides across the North Atlantic.Oriental civilization appears more diversified,among which the Chinese civilization,India civilization and Islamic civilization are the most
基金This work was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China Foreign Affairs University[grant number 3162014ZYQDZD02]It was also supported by research funds from the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of China.
文摘The relationship between bureaucratic corruption and economic growth has been a much debated topic in the studies of economics and political science in the past decades.However,no theoretical consensus has been reached in this field.Corresponding to the divergence in theoretical perspectives,empirical evidence is mixed as well.As a fundamental step to examine the correlation between corruption and economic growth,this review provides a systematic review of the existing theoretical and empirical research on corruption’s growth effects.Meanwhile,the definition and statistical measurement of corruption is also discussed.This review makes new contributions to the extant corruption literature since it not only incorporates the latest scholarship on the topic but highlights corruption’s differential growth effects in different organisational,institutional and geographical contexts.
