Elevated serum cholesterol metabolism is associated with a reduced risk of lung cancer.Disrupted cholesterol metabolism is evident in both lung cancer patients and tumor cells.Inhibiting tumor cell cholesterol uptake ...Elevated serum cholesterol metabolism is associated with a reduced risk of lung cancer.Disrupted cholesterol metabolism is evident in both lung cancer patients and tumor cells.Inhibiting tumor cell cholesterol uptake or biosynthesis pathways,through the modulation of receptors and enzymes such as liver X receptor and sterolregulatory element binding protein 2,effectively restrains lung tumor growth.Similarly,promoting cholesterol excretion yields comparable effects.Cholesterol metabolites,including oxysterols and isoprenoids,play a crucial role in regulating cholesterol metabolism within tumor cells,consequently impacting cancer progression.In lung cancer patients,both the cholesterol levels in the tumor microenvironment and within tumor cells significantly influence cell growth,proliferation,and metastasis.The effects of cholesterol metabolism are further mediated by the reprogramming of immune cells such as T cells,B cells,macrophages,myeloid-derived suppressor cells,among others.Ongoing research is investigating drugs targeting cholesterol metabolism for clinical treatments.Statins,targeting the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway,are widely employed in lung cancer treatment,either as standalone agents or in combination with other drugs.Additionally,drugs focusing on cholesterol transportation have shown promise as effective therapies for lung cancer.In this review,we summarized current research regarding the rule of cholesterol metabolism and therapeutic advances in lung cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Differences in the preoperative characteristics and weight loss outcomes after sleeve gastrectomy(SG)between patients with familial aggregation of obesity(FAO)and patients with sporadic obesity(SO)have not ...BACKGROUND Differences in the preoperative characteristics and weight loss outcomes after sleeve gastrectomy(SG)between patients with familial aggregation of obesity(FAO)and patients with sporadic obesity(SO)have not been elucidated.AIM To explore the impact of SG on weight loss and the alleviation of obesity-related comorbidities in individuals with FAO.METHODS A total of 193 patients with obesity who underwent SG were selected.Patients with FAO/SO were matched 1:1 by propensity score matching and were categorized into 4 groups based on the number of first-degree relatives with obesity(1 SO vs 1FAO,2SO vs 2FAO).The baseline characteristics,weight loss outcomes,prevalence of obesity-related comorbidities and incidence of major surgeryrelated complications were compared between groups.RESULTS We defined FAO as the presence of two or more first-degree relatives with obesity.Patients with FAO did not initially show significant differences in baseline data,short-term postoperative weight loss,or obesity-related comorbidities when compared to patients with SO preoperatively.However,distinctions between the two groups became evident at the two-year mark,with statistically significant differences in both percentage of total weight loss(P=0.006)and percentage of excess weight loss(P<0.001).The FAO group exhibited weaker remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)(P=0.031),hyperlipidemia(P=0.012),and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)(P=0.003)as well as a lower incidence of acid reflux(P=0.038).CONCLUSION FAO patients is associated with decreased mid-to-long-term weight loss outcomes;the alleviation of T2DM,hyperlipidemia and NAFLD;and decreased incidence of acid reflux postoperatively.展开更多
BACKGROUND Depression is a common,chronic,and recurrent mood disorder that has become a worldwide health hazard.Fluoxetine hydrochloride,a common treatment method,can inhibit 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)recycling in the ...BACKGROUND Depression is a common,chronic,and recurrent mood disorder that has become a worldwide health hazard.Fluoxetine hydrochloride,a common treatment method,can inhibit 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)recycling in the presynaptic membrane;however,the efficacy of a single drug is inadequate.At present,mildto-moderate depression can be treated with acupuncture of ghost caves,but the clinical curative effect of combined therapy with fluoxetine hydrochloride has not been sufficiently reported.AIM To evaluate the clinical effect of acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of mild-to-moderate depression.METHODS This retrospective study included 160 patients with mild-to-moderate depression who were admitted to Shanghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,between January 2022 and June 2023.Patients were separated into a single-agent group(fluoxetine hydrochloride treatment,n=80)and a coalition group(fluoxetine hydrochloride treatment combined with acupuncture at ghost points,n=80).Pre-treatment symptoms were recorded,and the clinical curative effect and adverse reactions[Asberg Antidepressant Side Effects Scale(SERS)]were assessed.Depression before and after treatment[Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)-24],neurotransmitter levels[5-HT,norepinephrine(NE),dopamine(DA)],oxidative stress indicators[superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)],and sleep quality[Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)]were compared.RESULTS The total efficacy rate was 97.50%in the coalition group and 86.25%in the single-agent group(P<0.05).After 2,4,6,and 8 wk of treatment,the HAMD,self-rating depression scale,and SERS scores of the coalition and single-agent groups decreased compared with pre-treatment,and the decrease was more significant in the coalition group(P<0.05).After 8 wk of treatment,the levels of NE,DA,5-HT,and SOD in the coalition and single-agent groups increased,while the levels of MDA decreased;the increases and decrease in the coalition group were more significant(P<0.05).The PSQI scores of the coalition and single-agent groups decreased,and the decrease was more significant in the coalition group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Acupuncture at ghost points combined with paroxetine tablets can safely improve depressive symptoms and sleep disorders,regulate neurotransmitter levels,and reduce stress responses in patients with mild-to-moderate depression.展开更多
Objective: Short-term effects of 0.02%/0.04% atropine sulfate eye drops on choroidal thickness in myopic children using optical coherence tomography angiography. Methods: Thirty-two children aged 6 - 12 years were sel...Objective: Short-term effects of 0.02%/0.04% atropine sulfate eye drops on choroidal thickness in myopic children using optical coherence tomography angiography. Methods: Thirty-two children aged 6 - 12 years were selected and divided into 22 cases and 44 eyes in the 0.02%/0.04% atropine sulfate eye drops observation group and 10 cases and 20 eyes in the control group. The linear regression equation was used to evaluate the correlation among the spherical equivalent, the axial length and the subfoveal choroidal thickness, moreover, used to evaluate the correlation between the baseline and 6 months later. Independent samples T-test was used to detect whether there was any statistical difference between the nasal 1 mm subfoveal choroidal thickness and the temporal 1 mm subfoveal choroidal, meanwhile, compared with the baseline and 6 months later. P Results: After 6 months follow-up, the axial length increased by 0.067 ± 0.199 mm in the atropine group, 0.201 ± 0.081 mm in the control group (P Conclusions: 1) 0.02%/0.04% atropine sulfate eye drops can delay the growth of axial length and spherical equivalent;2) 0.02%/0.04% atropine sulfate eye drops can thicken the choroid, and the thickness of the nasal side 1mm is the same as that of the temporal side 1 mm;3) At baseline, the subfoveal choroidal thickness has no significant correlation with the axial length and spherical equivalent;4) After 6 months, changes in axial length and spherical equivalent were negatively correlated with changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness.展开更多
Rationale:Lepromatous leprosy is a skin condition.Erythema nodosum leprosum(ENL)aids in its diagnosis.ENL is a type-2 immune response,whereas lepra ENL is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction and an exaggerate...Rationale:Lepromatous leprosy is a skin condition.Erythema nodosum leprosum(ENL)aids in its diagnosis.ENL is a type-2 immune response,whereas lepra ENL is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction and an exaggerated immune response through a different pathway.Patient's Concern:A 40-year-old male patient,previously diagnosed with lepromatous leprosy,displayed painful skin lesions on his extremities.Diagnosis:Type-2 lepra reaction,specifically erythema nodosum leprosum.Interventions:The patient was initially treated with 100 mg dapsone daily and then with fusidic acid,prednisone,and other MDT agents,after development of dapsone resisitance.After type-2 lepra reaction was lessened in just two weeks,the regimen was adjusted to prednisolone(up to 2 g daily),thalidomide(300 mg daily),minocycline(1.5 g daily),ofloxacin(1 g twice daily),and pentoxifylline(400 mg three times daily)over a six-month period.Outcomes:The treatment effectively reduced the type-2 lepra reaction and improved the patient's skin lesions and overall health.Lessons:Healthcare providers should maintain a high level of awareness regarding the symptoms and medical history associated with ENL to facilitate timely diagnosis and appropriate management strategies.It is critical to tailor treatment to each patient’s symptoms and responses for successful management.Consistent monitoring of inflammatory markers and regular follow-up appointments play vital roles in preventing complications and ensuring positive outcomes for patients with ENL.展开更多
The increase in neurotrophic factors after craniocerebral injury has been shown to promote fracture healing. Moreover, neurotrophic factors play a key role in the regeneration and repair of peripheral nerve. However, ...The increase in neurotrophic factors after craniocerebral injury has been shown to promote fracture healing. Moreover, neurotrophic factors play a key role in the regeneration and repair of peripheral nerve. However, whether craniocerebral injury alters the repair of peripheral nerve injuries remains poorly understood. Rat injury models were established by transecting the left sciatic nerve and using a free-fall device to induce craniocerebral injury. Compared with sciat- ic nerve injury alone after 6-12 weeks, rats with combined sciatic and craniocerebral injuries showed decreased sciatic functional index, increased recovery of gastrocnemius muscle wet weight, recovery of sciatic nerve ganglia and corresponding spinal cord segment neuron mor- phologies, and increased numbers of horseradish peroxidase-labeled cells. These results indicate that craniocerebral injury promotes the repair of peripheral nerve injury.展开更多
AIM: To explore the probable pathway by which curcumin(Cur) regulates the function of Treg cells by observing the expression of costimulatory molecules of dendritic cells(DCs).METHODS: Experimental colitis was induced...AIM: To explore the probable pathway by which curcumin(Cur) regulates the function of Treg cells by observing the expression of costimulatory molecules of dendritic cells(DCs).METHODS: Experimental colitis was induced by administering 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)/ethanol solution. Forty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal, TNBS + Cur, TNBS + mesalazine(Mes) and TNBS groups. The mice in the TNBS + Cur and TNBS +Mes groups were treated with Cur and Mes, respectively, while those in the TNBS group were treated with physiological saline for 7 d. After treatment, the curative effect of Cur was evaluated by colonic weight, colonic length, weight index of the colon, and histological observation and score. The levels of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells(Treg cells) and costimulatory molecules of DCs were measured by flow cytometry. Also, related cytokines were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Cur alleviated inflammatory injury of the colonic mucosa, decreased colonic weigh and histological score, and restored colonic length. The number of Treg cells was increased, while the secretion of TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12 p40, IL-17 and IL-21 and the expression of costimulatory molecules(CD205, CD54 [ICAM-1], TLR4, CD252[OX40 L], CD256 [RANK] and CD254 [RANK L]) of DCs were notably inhibited in colitis mice treated with Cur.CONCLUSION: Cur potentially modulates activation of DCs to enhance the suppressive functions of Treg cells and promote the recovery of damaged colonic mucosa in inflammatory bowel disease.展开更多
BACKGROUND：Studies on the immunodepressant FTY720 have primarily focused on organ transplantation and autoimmune disease therapy.However,the effects on caspase-3 expression and neural apoptosis following acute spinal...BACKGROUND：Studies on the immunodepressant FTY720 have primarily focused on organ transplantation and autoimmune disease therapy.However,the effects on caspase-3 expression and neural apoptosis following acute spinal cord injury remain uncertain.OBJECTIVE：To elucidate the underlying mechanism of the immunodepressant FTY720 to alleviate spinal cord injury by inhibiting expression of caspase-3 and neural apoptosis.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING：A randomized,controlled,animal experiment was performed at Central Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from April to July 2009.MATERIALS：FTY720 was provided by Wuhan Yuancheng Technology Developing,China.METHODS：A total of 120 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to sham-surgery,model,and FTY720 groups.Spinal cord injury at the T9-10 segment was induced in model groups using the free-fall method.Following establishment of spinal cord injury at the T9-10 segment in the FTY720 group,rats were treated with an intragastric injection of 0.3 mL saline-diluted FTY720 （3 mg/kg）.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：At 6,12,24,48,and 72 hours following spinal cord injury,caspase-3 expression was detected using streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemistry,and neural apoptosis was detected using the TUNEL method.RESULTS：Positive caspase-3 expression and neural apoptosis was not observed in the sham-surgery group at the various time points.The number of apoptotic cells increased with time after acute spinal cord injury,peaked at 24 hours following injury,and then gradually reduced.However,neural apoptosis remained at a high level.Caspase-3 expression positively correlated with neural apoptosis （r= 0.864,P〈 0.05）.Caspase-3 expression and neural apoptosis significantly decreased following FTY720 therapy （P〈 0.05）.CONCLUSION：FTY720 significantly reduced caspase-3 expression and neural apoptosis in a rat model of acute spinal cord injury.展开更多
The IL-8 and MMP-7 genes participate in the carcinogenesis of many malignancies,but the role of both genes in cervical cancer is not fully elucidated.The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of IL-8 and MM...The IL-8 and MMP-7 genes participate in the carcinogenesis of many malignancies,but the role of both genes in cervical cancer is not fully elucidated.The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of IL-8 and MMP-7 gene mutations and to assess their effects on the risk of early stage cervical cancer and lymph node metastasis.The clinical stage and histological grade of cervical cancer were also studied.The peripheral blood from the patients with early stage cervical cancers and normal controls was collected and the DNA was extracted.The incidence of IL-8 and MMP-7 gene mutations was assessed by using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction（ARMS PCR） and restriction fragment length polymorphism（RFLP）.The data were statistically analyzed by x2 test.The results showed that：（1） The genotype frequency of IL-8-251AT and TT was significantly higher in the cervical cancer group than in the normal control group（OR=2.290 and 2.619 respectively,P=0.001）,and it was also higher in the lymphatic metastasis group than that without metastasis（OR=2.917,P=0.035）（2） The frequency of MMP-7-181G/G genotype was significantly higher in the cervical cancer group and in the lymphatic metastasis group（P〈0.05）（3） The incidence of IL-8 mutation was two times higher in Ⅱa cervical cancer group than in Ⅰb1 and Ⅰb2 cervical cancer group（P=0.006）.For the MMP-7 gene,there was statistically significant difference in the incidence of mutation between the Ⅰb1,Ⅰb2 and the Ⅱa（P=0.000）（4） Different histological types and different grades of cervical cancer had different incidence of mutations,statistically.It was suggested that there was significant difference in the genotype of IL-8-251TT and MMP-7-181GG polymorphism between the cervical cancer group and the lymph node metastasis group.Moreover,individuals with IL-8 T allele or MMP-7 G allele carriers were at significantly higher risk of cervical cancer,particularly the early（Ⅱa） and medium,poorly differentiated cervical cancer（G2＋G3）.展开更多
For conveniently calculating the radiated electric field of transverse electromagnetic(TEM) horn antenna,an approximate simplified analytical calculation method is suggested.This method divides the horn to a system of...For conveniently calculating the radiated electric field of transverse electromagnetic(TEM) horn antenna,an approximate simplified analytical calculation method is suggested.This method divides the horn to a system of V-antennas and superimposes the fields of all V-antennas to obtain the field of the TEM horn.The method is compared with the traditional analytical method and numerical method.The obtained results suggest that the proposed method is valid,simple and that it can fastly calculate the radiated electric field of the TEM horn antenna in an arbitrary space with an arbitrary excitation voltage.Based on this method,radiation of the TEM horn antenna of a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse(HEMP) simulator is simulated.Rise time,pulse width,peak value of electric field,and field distribution are analyzed.Results show that the TEM horn antenna can be used in HEMP simulators: the near field waveform is closer to the standard waveform than to the far field waveform; the standards for the rise time and the peak value of electric field are easily satisfied; the pulse width of the radiated field can be increased by broadening the pulse width of an excitation source and by making the antenna of a proper展开更多
AIM To verify whether curcumin (Cur) can treat inflammatory bowel disease by regulating CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells. METHODS We evaluated the suppressive effect of Cur on CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells in spleen and Peyer's patche...AIM To verify whether curcumin (Cur) can treat inflammatory bowel disease by regulating CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells. METHODS We evaluated the suppressive effect of Cur on CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells in spleen and Peyer's patches (PPs) in colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Mice with colitis were treated by 200 mg/kg Cur for 7 d. On day 8, the therapeutic effect of Cur was evaluated by visual assessment and histological examination, while co-stimulatory molecules of CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells in the spleen and PPs were measured by flow cytometry. The levels of interleukin (IL)-10, interferon (IFN)-gamma and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 in spleen and colonic mucosa were determined by ELISA. RESULTS The disease activity index, colon weight, weight index of colon and histological score of experimental colitis were obviously decreased after Cur treatment, while the body weight and colon length recovered. After treatment with Cur, CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells were decreased in the spleen and PPs, and the expression of major histocompatibility complex., CD205, CD40, CD40L and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was inhibited. IL-10, IFN-gamma and TGF-beta 1 levels were increased compared with those in mice with untreated colitis. CONCLUSION Cur can effectively treat experimental colitis, which is realized by inhibiting CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells.展开更多
The alcohol and n-butanol extract of Potentilla anserine L. significantly protects myocardium from acute ischemic injury. However, its effects on rat hippocampal neurons and the mechanism of protection remain unclear....The alcohol and n-butanol extract of Potentilla anserine L. significantly protects myocardium from acute ischemic injury. However, its effects on rat hippocampal neurons and the mechanism of protection remain unclear. In this study, primary cultured hippocampal neurons from neonatal rats were incubated in 95% N2 and 5% CO2 for 4 hours. Results indicated that hypoxic injury decreased the viability of neurons, increased the expression levels of caspase-9 and caspase-3 mRNA, as well as cytochrome c, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3 protein. Pretreatment with 0.25, 0.062 5, 0.015 6 mg/mL n-butanol extract of Potentilla anserine L. led to a significant increase in cell viability. Expression levels of caspase-9 and caspase-3 mRNA, as well as cytochrome c, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3 protein, were attenuated. The neuroprotective effect of n-butanol extract of Potentilla anserine L. was equivalent to tanshinone IIA. Our data suggest that the n-butanol extract of Potentilla anserine L. could protect primary hippocampal neurons from hypoxic injury by deactivating mitochondrial cell death.展开更多
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of controlled intraoral grinding and polishing on the roughness of full-contour zirconia compared to classical veneered zirconia. Thirty bar-shaped zirconia specimens w...The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of controlled intraoral grinding and polishing on the roughness of full-contour zirconia compared to classical veneered zirconia. Thirty bar-shaped zirconia specimens were fabricated and divided into two groups（n515）. Fifteen specimens（group 1） were glazed and 15 specimens（group 2） were veneered with feldspathic ceramic and then glazed. Prior to grinding,maximum roughness depth（Rmax） values were measured using a profilometer, 5 times per specimen. Simulated clinical grinding and polishing were performed on the specimens under water coolant for 15 s and 2 N pressure. For grinding, NTI diamonds burs with grain sizes of 20 mm, 10 mm, and 7.5 mm were used sequentially. The ground surfaces were polished using NTI kits with coarse, medium and fine polishers. After each step, Rmaxvalues were determined. Differences between groups were examined using one-way analysis of variance（ANOVA）. The roughness of group 1 was significantly lower than that of group 2. The roughness increased significantly after coarse grinding in both groups. The results after glazing were similar to those obtained after fine grinding for non-veneered zirconia. However, fine-ground veneered zirconia had significantly higher roughness than venerred, glazed zirconia. No significant difference was found between fine-polished and glazed zirconia, but after the fine polishing of veneered zirconia, the roughness was significantly higher than after glazing.It can be concluded that for full-contour zirconia, fewer defects and lower roughness values resulted after grinding and polishing compared to veneered zirconia. After polishing zirconia, lower roughness values were achieved compared to glazing; more interesting was that the grinding of glazed zirconia using the NTI three-step system could deliver smooth surfaces comparable to untreated glazed zirconia surfaces.展开更多
Background: Gastric cancer is the third most incident malignancy and the fifth leading cause of death in the world. In Brazil, it is the fourth most common tumour in men and the fifth in women. Familial aggregation of...Background: Gastric cancer is the third most incident malignancy and the fifth leading cause of death in the world. In Brazil, it is the fourth most common tumour in men and the fifth in women. Familial aggregation of this tumour is being studied and discussed by experts. Aim: Determine the frequency of family history of cancer in patients with gastric cancer, suggesting familial aggregation or increased risk for hereditary cancer syndromes. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out from January 2011 to March 2015 at the Department of Abdominal and Pelvic Surgery of the Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA). Data were collected from electronic medical records and analyzed using SPSS Statistics? version 20. Results: 873 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were analyzed. A family history of cancer was reported by 451 patients (51.6%), which reported cancer in 878 relatives, of which 110 (12.6%), reported having more than three relatives with any type of cancer. The most prevalent malignancies among these relatives were gastric cancer (21.3%) and breast cancer (9.5%). Conclusion: Most of the patients had cancer family history, being gastric cancer the most common. The high percentage of cancer family history confirms the importance of collecting this information, whose lack reflects professional negligence, as family history study can serve as a low-cost tool, favoring prevention and early diagnosis, situations where morbidity and mortality are smaller, thus reducing health costs and assistance and preserving lives.展开更多
Objective: To explore the effect of Yanhuning in combined with azithromycin on the inflammatory cytokines and immunological function in children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods: A total of 130 children with mycopla...Objective: To explore the effect of Yanhuning in combined with azithromycin on the inflammatory cytokines and immunological function in children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods: A total of 130 children with mycoplasma pneumonia were included in the study and randomized into the treatment group (n=65) and the control group (n=65). The patients in the control group were given azithromycin. On the above basis, the patients in the treatment group were given Yanhuning. The patients in the two groups were continuously treated for 7 d. The levels of serum inflammatory cytokines and immunological function indicators before and after treatment in the two groups were detected and compared. Results: When compared with before treatment, the serum IL-2 level after treatment in the two groups was significantly elevated, while IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels were significantly reduced;moreover, the improvement in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group. When compared with before treatment, CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ after treatment in the two groups were significantly elevated, and those in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while CD8+ was significantly reduced, but the comparison between the two groups was not statistically significant. When compared with before treatment, RBC-C3bR after treatment in the two groups was significantly elevated, while RBC-ICR was significantly reduced;moreover, the improvement in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group. Conclusions: Yanhuning in combined with azithromycin in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children can significantly enhance the immunological function, and reduce the inflammatory reaction, with an effect significantly superior to that by single application of azithromycin.展开更多
Based on the flow mechanism of hydraulic fractured wells, through integrating linear-flow model and effective well-radius model, a new model of well test analysis for wells with vertical fracture was established. In t...Based on the flow mechanism of hydraulic fractured wells, through integrating linear-flow model and effective well-radius model, a new model of well test analysis for wells with vertical fracture was established. In the model, wellbore storage, the damage in the wall of fracture and all kinds of boundary conditions are considered. The model is concise in form, has intact curves and computes fast, which may meet the demand of real-time computation and fast responded well test interpretation. A new method to determine effective well radius was presented, and the correlation between effective well radius and the fracture length, fracture conductivity, skin factor of fracture was given. Matching flow rate or pressure tested, the optimization model that identified formation and fracture parameters was set up. The automatic matching method was presented by synthetically using step by step linear least square method and sequential quadratic programming. At last, the application was also discussed. Application shows that all of these results can analyze and evaluate the fracturing treatment quality scientifically and rationally, instruct and modify the design of fracturing and improve fracturing design level.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To explain the mechanisms of tuhe synthesis, secretion and regulation of brain natriuretic peptide （BNP）, and analyze its role in central nervous system diseases. DATA SOURCES： An online search of Pubme...OBJECTIVE： To explain the mechanisms of tuhe synthesis, secretion and regulation of brain natriuretic peptide （BNP）, and analyze its role in central nervous system diseases. DATA SOURCES： An online search of Pubmed was undertaken to identify articles related to BNP published in English from January 1990 to February 2007 by using the key words of ＂brain natriuretic pepfide （BNP）, central nervous system, subarachnoid hemorrhage （SAH）, brain edema, epilepsy＂. Other articles were searched in China Hospital Knowledge Database （CHKD） by concrete name of journals and title of articles. STUDY SELECTION： The collected articles were primarily screened, those about BNP and its association with central nervous system diseases were selected, whereas the obviously irrelative ones excluded, and the full-texts of the other literatures were searched manually. DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 96 articles were collected, 40 of them were enrolled, and the other 56 were excluded due to repetitive studies or reviews. DATA SYNTHESIS： At present, there are penetrating studies on BNP in the preclinical medicine and clinical medicine of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, and the investigative outcomes have been gradually applied in clinical practice, and satisfactory results have been obtained. However, the application of BNP in diagnosing and treating central nervous system diseases is still at the experimental phase without - outstanding outcomes, thus the preclinical and clinical studies should be enhanced. CONCLUSION： As a kind of central medium or modulator, BNP plays a certain role in the occurrence, development and termination of central nervous system diseases, the BNP level in serum has certain changing law in SAH, brain edema, epilepsy, etc., but the specific mechanisms are unclear.展开更多
As benzoxazin-4-ones and quinazolines linked to indole nucleus acting as a good pharmacophore, the synthesis of these compounds has significant meaning. The key intermediates 2-（2＇, 5＇-disubstituted-indol-2＇-yl...As benzoxazin-4-ones and quinazolines linked to indole nucleus acting as a good pharmacophore, the synthesis of these compounds has significant meaning. The key intermediates 2-（2＇, 5＇-disubstituted-indol-2＇-yl）-4H-3, 1-benzoxazin-4-ones （3） were synthesized from cyclocondensation of indole-2-carbonyl chlorides （2） and anthranilic acid. Compound （3） on reaction with thiosemicarbazide and o-phenylene diamine afforded the compound （4） and （6） respectively. Compound （4） subjected to intramolecular cyclization under thermal conditions above its melting point afforded the compound （5）. Similarly compound （3） on fusion with o- phenylene diamine gave compound （7）. Structures of these compounds were confirmed by their spectral studies. The compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity and the results were reported.展开更多
A system of finished Componeer composite veneers is a unique and having no analogy in the world elaboration of the Swisscompany Coltene/Whaledent, an outcome of almost halfa century experience of the company working i...A system of finished Componeer composite veneers is a unique and having no analogy in the world elaboration of the Swisscompany Coltene/Whaledent, an outcome of almost halfa century experience of the company working in a field of composite materials.It combines the best features of direct and indirect restoration methods. The system is fulfilled of nanocomposite Synergy D6 that hashigh mechanical strength, convenience for workable consistency, color stability and a system of halftone shades, which facilitates colormatching. All this allows achieving excellent aesthetic results in minimal time. Application of an original standard scale givespossibility effectively assess optical properties of dental hard tissues and develop an implementation strategy of restoration before workstarted. Formation of Componeer form, polymerization and polishing at factory allow a practitioner fully utilize effect of＂fluorescence＂ inherent to the material. All this allows us to position the Componeer system as a serious alternative to non-directmethods of restoration with the possibility of both high aesthetic and cosmetic reconstruction reliability.展开更多
Brazil is the world’s largest producer and consumer of passion fruit,being a tropical fruit that produces a lot of waste in its process.As this residue is more than 60%of the mass of the fruit,there is a problem dire...Brazil is the world’s largest producer and consumer of passion fruit,being a tropical fruit that produces a lot of waste in its process.As this residue is more than 60%of the mass of the fruit,there is a problem directed to the discard of the same.One way to add economic and financial value to the passion fruit industry would be to use the waste as a source of fuel in a process of converting biomass to energy.The objective of this work was to characterize samples of passion fruit residues by analyzing the moisture content and the experimental calorific value,aiming at its energy utilization,in order to obtain initial information to help define the best conversion path of this biomass:thermochemical or biochemical.After analysis,it was concluded that the most appropriate biomass utilization route would be anaerobic biodigestion due to the high moisture content presented in the samples(greater than 80%).However,the same ones,if in dry basis,also have high calorific value,compared,for example,with sugarcane bagasse.With the results,it was demonstrated that the biomass of the passion fruit pulp presents itself as a potential alternative for the energy utilization.展开更多
文摘Elevated serum cholesterol metabolism is associated with a reduced risk of lung cancer.Disrupted cholesterol metabolism is evident in both lung cancer patients and tumor cells.Inhibiting tumor cell cholesterol uptake or biosynthesis pathways,through the modulation of receptors and enzymes such as liver X receptor and sterolregulatory element binding protein 2,effectively restrains lung tumor growth.Similarly,promoting cholesterol excretion yields comparable effects.Cholesterol metabolites,including oxysterols and isoprenoids,play a crucial role in regulating cholesterol metabolism within tumor cells,consequently impacting cancer progression.In lung cancer patients,both the cholesterol levels in the tumor microenvironment and within tumor cells significantly influence cell growth,proliferation,and metastasis.The effects of cholesterol metabolism are further mediated by the reprogramming of immune cells such as T cells,B cells,macrophages,myeloid-derived suppressor cells,among others.Ongoing research is investigating drugs targeting cholesterol metabolism for clinical treatments.Statins,targeting the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway,are widely employed in lung cancer treatment,either as standalone agents or in combination with other drugs.Additionally,drugs focusing on cholesterol transportation have shown promise as effective therapies for lung cancer.In this review,we summarized current research regarding the rule of cholesterol metabolism and therapeutic advances in lung cancer.
文摘BACKGROUND Differences in the preoperative characteristics and weight loss outcomes after sleeve gastrectomy(SG)between patients with familial aggregation of obesity(FAO)and patients with sporadic obesity(SO)have not been elucidated.AIM To explore the impact of SG on weight loss and the alleviation of obesity-related comorbidities in individuals with FAO.METHODS A total of 193 patients with obesity who underwent SG were selected.Patients with FAO/SO were matched 1:1 by propensity score matching and were categorized into 4 groups based on the number of first-degree relatives with obesity(1 SO vs 1FAO,2SO vs 2FAO).The baseline characteristics,weight loss outcomes,prevalence of obesity-related comorbidities and incidence of major surgeryrelated complications were compared between groups.RESULTS We defined FAO as the presence of two or more first-degree relatives with obesity.Patients with FAO did not initially show significant differences in baseline data,short-term postoperative weight loss,or obesity-related comorbidities when compared to patients with SO preoperatively.However,distinctions between the two groups became evident at the two-year mark,with statistically significant differences in both percentage of total weight loss(P=0.006)and percentage of excess weight loss(P<0.001).The FAO group exhibited weaker remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)(P=0.031),hyperlipidemia(P=0.012),and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)(P=0.003)as well as a lower incidence of acid reflux(P=0.038).CONCLUSION FAO patients is associated with decreased mid-to-long-term weight loss outcomes;the alleviation of T2DM,hyperlipidemia and NAFLD;and decreased incidence of acid reflux postoperatively.
基金Supported by the General Program of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission on Medical Innovation Research,No.21Y11923500the Second Round of the“National Medical Strong and Excellent”Three-Year Action Plan(2022-2024)of the Hongkou District of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine Schools and Characteristic Technology Inheritance Support Construction Project,No.HKGYQYXM-2022-17the Shanghai Culture and Tourism Bureau.
文摘BACKGROUND Depression is a common,chronic,and recurrent mood disorder that has become a worldwide health hazard.Fluoxetine hydrochloride,a common treatment method,can inhibit 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)recycling in the presynaptic membrane;however,the efficacy of a single drug is inadequate.At present,mildto-moderate depression can be treated with acupuncture of ghost caves,but the clinical curative effect of combined therapy with fluoxetine hydrochloride has not been sufficiently reported.AIM To evaluate the clinical effect of acupuncture at ghost points combined with fluoxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of mild-to-moderate depression.METHODS This retrospective study included 160 patients with mild-to-moderate depression who were admitted to Shanghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,between January 2022 and June 2023.Patients were separated into a single-agent group(fluoxetine hydrochloride treatment,n=80)and a coalition group(fluoxetine hydrochloride treatment combined with acupuncture at ghost points,n=80).Pre-treatment symptoms were recorded,and the clinical curative effect and adverse reactions[Asberg Antidepressant Side Effects Scale(SERS)]were assessed.Depression before and after treatment[Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)-24],neurotransmitter levels[5-HT,norepinephrine(NE),dopamine(DA)],oxidative stress indicators[superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA)],and sleep quality[Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)]were compared.RESULTS The total efficacy rate was 97.50%in the coalition group and 86.25%in the single-agent group(P<0.05).After 2,4,6,and 8 wk of treatment,the HAMD,self-rating depression scale,and SERS scores of the coalition and single-agent groups decreased compared with pre-treatment,and the decrease was more significant in the coalition group(P<0.05).After 8 wk of treatment,the levels of NE,DA,5-HT,and SOD in the coalition and single-agent groups increased,while the levels of MDA decreased;the increases and decrease in the coalition group were more significant(P<0.05).The PSQI scores of the coalition and single-agent groups decreased,and the decrease was more significant in the coalition group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Acupuncture at ghost points combined with paroxetine tablets can safely improve depressive symptoms and sleep disorders,regulate neurotransmitter levels,and reduce stress responses in patients with mild-to-moderate depression.
文摘Objective: Short-term effects of 0.02%/0.04% atropine sulfate eye drops on choroidal thickness in myopic children using optical coherence tomography angiography. Methods: Thirty-two children aged 6 - 12 years were selected and divided into 22 cases and 44 eyes in the 0.02%/0.04% atropine sulfate eye drops observation group and 10 cases and 20 eyes in the control group. The linear regression equation was used to evaluate the correlation among the spherical equivalent, the axial length and the subfoveal choroidal thickness, moreover, used to evaluate the correlation between the baseline and 6 months later. Independent samples T-test was used to detect whether there was any statistical difference between the nasal 1 mm subfoveal choroidal thickness and the temporal 1 mm subfoveal choroidal, meanwhile, compared with the baseline and 6 months later. P Results: After 6 months follow-up, the axial length increased by 0.067 ± 0.199 mm in the atropine group, 0.201 ± 0.081 mm in the control group (P Conclusions: 1) 0.02%/0.04% atropine sulfate eye drops can delay the growth of axial length and spherical equivalent;2) 0.02%/0.04% atropine sulfate eye drops can thicken the choroid, and the thickness of the nasal side 1mm is the same as that of the temporal side 1 mm;3) At baseline, the subfoveal choroidal thickness has no significant correlation with the axial length and spherical equivalent;4) After 6 months, changes in axial length and spherical equivalent were negatively correlated with changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness.
文摘Rationale:Lepromatous leprosy is a skin condition.Erythema nodosum leprosum(ENL)aids in its diagnosis.ENL is a type-2 immune response,whereas lepra ENL is characterized by a hypersensitivity reaction and an exaggerated immune response through a different pathway.Patient's Concern:A 40-year-old male patient,previously diagnosed with lepromatous leprosy,displayed painful skin lesions on his extremities.Diagnosis:Type-2 lepra reaction,specifically erythema nodosum leprosum.Interventions:The patient was initially treated with 100 mg dapsone daily and then with fusidic acid,prednisone,and other MDT agents,after development of dapsone resisitance.After type-2 lepra reaction was lessened in just two weeks,the regimen was adjusted to prednisolone(up to 2 g daily),thalidomide(300 mg daily),minocycline(1.5 g daily),ofloxacin(1 g twice daily),and pentoxifylline(400 mg three times daily)over a six-month period.Outcomes:The treatment effectively reduced the type-2 lepra reaction and improved the patient's skin lesions and overall health.Lessons:Healthcare providers should maintain a high level of awareness regarding the symptoms and medical history associated with ENL to facilitate timely diagnosis and appropriate management strategies.It is critical to tailor treatment to each patient’s symptoms and responses for successful management.Consistent monitoring of inflammatory markers and regular follow-up appointments play vital roles in preventing complications and ensuring positive outcomes for patients with ENL.
基金supported by a grant from Hebei Provincial Science and Technology Department in China,No.142777105D,13277772D
文摘The increase in neurotrophic factors after craniocerebral injury has been shown to promote fracture healing. Moreover, neurotrophic factors play a key role in the regeneration and repair of peripheral nerve. However, whether craniocerebral injury alters the repair of peripheral nerve injuries remains poorly understood. Rat injury models were established by transecting the left sciatic nerve and using a free-fall device to induce craniocerebral injury. Compared with sciat- ic nerve injury alone after 6-12 weeks, rats with combined sciatic and craniocerebral injuries showed decreased sciatic functional index, increased recovery of gastrocnemius muscle wet weight, recovery of sciatic nerve ganglia and corresponding spinal cord segment neuron mor- phologies, and increased numbers of horseradish peroxidase-labeled cells. These results indicate that craniocerebral injury promotes the repair of peripheral nerve injury.
基金Supported by project of National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNo.81260595 and No.81460679+3 种基金Chinese Scholarship Council and Jiangxi province as visiting scholarNo.201408360106 and No.201408360110project of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNo.JZYC15S13
文摘AIM: To explore the probable pathway by which curcumin(Cur) regulates the function of Treg cells by observing the expression of costimulatory molecules of dendritic cells(DCs).METHODS: Experimental colitis was induced by administering 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid(TNBS)/ethanol solution. Forty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups: normal, TNBS + Cur, TNBS + mesalazine(Mes) and TNBS groups. The mice in the TNBS + Cur and TNBS +Mes groups were treated with Cur and Mes, respectively, while those in the TNBS group were treated with physiological saline for 7 d. After treatment, the curative effect of Cur was evaluated by colonic weight, colonic length, weight index of the colon, and histological observation and score. The levels of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells(Treg cells) and costimulatory molecules of DCs were measured by flow cytometry. Also, related cytokines were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Cur alleviated inflammatory injury of the colonic mucosa, decreased colonic weigh and histological score, and restored colonic length. The number of Treg cells was increased, while the secretion of TNF-α, IL-2, IL-6, IL-12 p40, IL-17 and IL-21 and the expression of costimulatory molecules(CD205, CD54 [ICAM-1], TLR4, CD252[OX40 L], CD256 [RANK] and CD254 [RANK L]) of DCs were notably inhibited in colitis mice treated with Cur.CONCLUSION: Cur potentially modulates activation of DCs to enhance the suppressive functions of Treg cells and promote the recovery of damaged colonic mucosa in inflammatory bowel disease.
文摘BACKGROUND：Studies on the immunodepressant FTY720 have primarily focused on organ transplantation and autoimmune disease therapy.However,the effects on caspase-3 expression and neural apoptosis following acute spinal cord injury remain uncertain.OBJECTIVE：To elucidate the underlying mechanism of the immunodepressant FTY720 to alleviate spinal cord injury by inhibiting expression of caspase-3 and neural apoptosis.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING：A randomized,controlled,animal experiment was performed at Central Laboratory of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from April to July 2009.MATERIALS：FTY720 was provided by Wuhan Yuancheng Technology Developing,China.METHODS：A total of 120 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to sham-surgery,model,and FTY720 groups.Spinal cord injury at the T9-10 segment was induced in model groups using the free-fall method.Following establishment of spinal cord injury at the T9-10 segment in the FTY720 group,rats were treated with an intragastric injection of 0.3 mL saline-diluted FTY720 （3 mg/kg）.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：At 6,12,24,48,and 72 hours following spinal cord injury,caspase-3 expression was detected using streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemistry,and neural apoptosis was detected using the TUNEL method.RESULTS：Positive caspase-3 expression and neural apoptosis was not observed in the sham-surgery group at the various time points.The number of apoptotic cells increased with time after acute spinal cord injury,peaked at 24 hours following injury,and then gradually reduced.However,neural apoptosis remained at a high level.Caspase-3 expression positively correlated with neural apoptosis （r= 0.864,P〈 0.05）.Caspase-3 expression and neural apoptosis significantly decreased following FTY720 therapy （P〈 0.05）.CONCLUSION：FTY720 significantly reduced caspase-3 expression and neural apoptosis in a rat model of acute spinal cord injury.
基金supported by a grant from Natural Sciences Foundation of Shanxi Province,China (No. 2006011121)
文摘The IL-8 and MMP-7 genes participate in the carcinogenesis of many malignancies,but the role of both genes in cervical cancer is not fully elucidated.The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of IL-8 and MMP-7 gene mutations and to assess their effects on the risk of early stage cervical cancer and lymph node metastasis.The clinical stage and histological grade of cervical cancer were also studied.The peripheral blood from the patients with early stage cervical cancers and normal controls was collected and the DNA was extracted.The incidence of IL-8 and MMP-7 gene mutations was assessed by using tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction（ARMS PCR） and restriction fragment length polymorphism（RFLP）.The data were statistically analyzed by x2 test.The results showed that：（1） The genotype frequency of IL-8-251AT and TT was significantly higher in the cervical cancer group than in the normal control group（OR=2.290 and 2.619 respectively,P=0.001）,and it was also higher in the lymphatic metastasis group than that without metastasis（OR=2.917,P=0.035）（2） The frequency of MMP-7-181G/G genotype was significantly higher in the cervical cancer group and in the lymphatic metastasis group（P〈0.05）（3） The incidence of IL-8 mutation was two times higher in Ⅱa cervical cancer group than in Ⅰb1 and Ⅰb2 cervical cancer group（P=0.006）.For the MMP-7 gene,there was statistically significant difference in the incidence of mutation between the Ⅰb1,Ⅰb2 and the Ⅱa（P=0.000）（4） Different histological types and different grades of cervical cancer had different incidence of mutations,statistically.It was suggested that there was significant difference in the genotype of IL-8-251TT and MMP-7-181GG polymorphism between the cervical cancer group and the lymph node metastasis group.Moreover,individuals with IL-8 T allele or MMP-7 G allele carriers were at significantly higher risk of cervical cancer,particularly the early（Ⅱa） and medium,poorly differentiated cervical cancer（G2＋G3）.
基金Project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China（51177174）.
文摘For conveniently calculating the radiated electric field of transverse electromagnetic(TEM) horn antenna,an approximate simplified analytical calculation method is suggested.This method divides the horn to a system of V-antennas and superimposes the fields of all V-antennas to obtain the field of the TEM horn.The method is compared with the traditional analytical method and numerical method.The obtained results suggest that the proposed method is valid,simple and that it can fastly calculate the radiated electric field of the TEM horn antenna in an arbitrary space with an arbitrary excitation voltage.Based on this method,radiation of the TEM horn antenna of a high-altitude electromagnetic pulse(HEMP) simulator is simulated.Rise time,pulse width,peak value of electric field,and field distribution are analyzed.Results show that the TEM horn antenna can be used in HEMP simulators: the near field waveform is closer to the standard waveform than to the far field waveform; the standards for the rise time and the peak value of electric field are easily satisfied; the pulse width of the radiated field can be increased by broadening the pulse width of an excitation source and by making the antenna of a proper
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81260595 and No.81460679Chinese Scholar-ship Council and Jiangxi Province as visiting scholar,No.201408360106 and No.201408360110+1 种基金the Traditional Chinese Medicine Project of Health Department of Jiangxi Province,No.2015B049Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,No.JZYC15S13
文摘AIM To verify whether curcumin (Cur) can treat inflammatory bowel disease by regulating CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells. METHODS We evaluated the suppressive effect of Cur on CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells in spleen and Peyer's patches (PPs) in colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. Mice with colitis were treated by 200 mg/kg Cur for 7 d. On day 8, the therapeutic effect of Cur was evaluated by visual assessment and histological examination, while co-stimulatory molecules of CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells in the spleen and PPs were measured by flow cytometry. The levels of interleukin (IL)-10, interferon (IFN)-gamma and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 in spleen and colonic mucosa were determined by ELISA. RESULTS The disease activity index, colon weight, weight index of colon and histological score of experimental colitis were obviously decreased after Cur treatment, while the body weight and colon length recovered. After treatment with Cur, CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells were decreased in the spleen and PPs, and the expression of major histocompatibility complex., CD205, CD40, CD40L and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was inhibited. IL-10, IFN-gamma and TGF-beta 1 levels were increased compared with those in mice with untreated colitis. CONCLUSION Cur can effectively treat experimental colitis, which is realized by inhibiting CD8(+)CD11c(+) cells.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30672774 and No. 81073152the Great Program of Science Foundation of Tianjin, No.10JCZDJC21100
文摘The alcohol and n-butanol extract of Potentilla anserine L. significantly protects myocardium from acute ischemic injury. However, its effects on rat hippocampal neurons and the mechanism of protection remain unclear. In this study, primary cultured hippocampal neurons from neonatal rats were incubated in 95% N2 and 5% CO2 for 4 hours. Results indicated that hypoxic injury decreased the viability of neurons, increased the expression levels of caspase-9 and caspase-3 mRNA, as well as cytochrome c, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3 protein. Pretreatment with 0.25, 0.062 5, 0.015 6 mg/mL n-butanol extract of Potentilla anserine L. led to a significant increase in cell viability. Expression levels of caspase-9 and caspase-3 mRNA, as well as cytochrome c, Caspase-9, and Caspase-3 protein, were attenuated. The neuroprotective effect of n-butanol extract of Potentilla anserine L. was equivalent to tanshinone IIA. Our data suggest that the n-butanol extract of Potentilla anserine L. could protect primary hippocampal neurons from hypoxic injury by deactivating mitochondrial cell death.
基金Forschungsgemeinschaft Dental e.V. for supporting this study (project no. 3/2012)
文摘The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of controlled intraoral grinding and polishing on the roughness of full-contour zirconia compared to classical veneered zirconia. Thirty bar-shaped zirconia specimens were fabricated and divided into two groups（n515）. Fifteen specimens（group 1） were glazed and 15 specimens（group 2） were veneered with feldspathic ceramic and then glazed. Prior to grinding,maximum roughness depth（Rmax） values were measured using a profilometer, 5 times per specimen. Simulated clinical grinding and polishing were performed on the specimens under water coolant for 15 s and 2 N pressure. For grinding, NTI diamonds burs with grain sizes of 20 mm, 10 mm, and 7.5 mm were used sequentially. The ground surfaces were polished using NTI kits with coarse, medium and fine polishers. After each step, Rmaxvalues were determined. Differences between groups were examined using one-way analysis of variance（ANOVA）. The roughness of group 1 was significantly lower than that of group 2. The roughness increased significantly after coarse grinding in both groups. The results after glazing were similar to those obtained after fine grinding for non-veneered zirconia. However, fine-ground veneered zirconia had significantly higher roughness than venerred, glazed zirconia. No significant difference was found between fine-polished and glazed zirconia, but after the fine polishing of veneered zirconia, the roughness was significantly higher than after glazing.It can be concluded that for full-contour zirconia, fewer defects and lower roughness values resulted after grinding and polishing compared to veneered zirconia. After polishing zirconia, lower roughness values were achieved compared to glazing; more interesting was that the grinding of glazed zirconia using the NTI three-step system could deliver smooth surfaces comparable to untreated glazed zirconia surfaces.
文摘Background: Gastric cancer is the third most incident malignancy and the fifth leading cause of death in the world. In Brazil, it is the fourth most common tumour in men and the fifth in women. Familial aggregation of this tumour is being studied and discussed by experts. Aim: Determine the frequency of family history of cancer in patients with gastric cancer, suggesting familial aggregation or increased risk for hereditary cancer syndromes. Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study carried out from January 2011 to March 2015 at the Department of Abdominal and Pelvic Surgery of the Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA). Data were collected from electronic medical records and analyzed using SPSS Statistics? version 20. Results: 873 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were analyzed. A family history of cancer was reported by 451 patients (51.6%), which reported cancer in 878 relatives, of which 110 (12.6%), reported having more than three relatives with any type of cancer. The most prevalent malignancies among these relatives were gastric cancer (21.3%) and breast cancer (9.5%). Conclusion: Most of the patients had cancer family history, being gastric cancer the most common. The high percentage of cancer family history confirms the importance of collecting this information, whose lack reflects professional negligence, as family history study can serve as a low-cost tool, favoring prevention and early diagnosis, situations where morbidity and mortality are smaller, thus reducing health costs and assistance and preserving lives.
文摘Objective: To explore the effect of Yanhuning in combined with azithromycin on the inflammatory cytokines and immunological function in children with mycoplasma pneumonia. Methods: A total of 130 children with mycoplasma pneumonia were included in the study and randomized into the treatment group (n=65) and the control group (n=65). The patients in the control group were given azithromycin. On the above basis, the patients in the treatment group were given Yanhuning. The patients in the two groups were continuously treated for 7 d. The levels of serum inflammatory cytokines and immunological function indicators before and after treatment in the two groups were detected and compared. Results: When compared with before treatment, the serum IL-2 level after treatment in the two groups was significantly elevated, while IL-4, IL-10, IL-13, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ levels were significantly reduced;moreover, the improvement in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group. When compared with before treatment, CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ after treatment in the two groups were significantly elevated, and those in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while CD8+ was significantly reduced, but the comparison between the two groups was not statistically significant. When compared with before treatment, RBC-C3bR after treatment in the two groups was significantly elevated, while RBC-ICR was significantly reduced;moreover, the improvement in the treatment group was significantly superior to that in the control group. Conclusions: Yanhuning in combined with azithromycin in the treatment of mycoplasma pneumonia in children can significantly enhance the immunological function, and reduce the inflammatory reaction, with an effect significantly superior to that by single application of azithromycin.
基金theNaturalGasExploitationKeyLabofSichuanProvince (No .0 1 6)
文摘Based on the flow mechanism of hydraulic fractured wells, through integrating linear-flow model and effective well-radius model, a new model of well test analysis for wells with vertical fracture was established. In the model, wellbore storage, the damage in the wall of fracture and all kinds of boundary conditions are considered. The model is concise in form, has intact curves and computes fast, which may meet the demand of real-time computation and fast responded well test interpretation. A new method to determine effective well radius was presented, and the correlation between effective well radius and the fracture length, fracture conductivity, skin factor of fracture was given. Matching flow rate or pressure tested, the optimization model that identified formation and fracture parameters was set up. The automatic matching method was presented by synthetically using step by step linear least square method and sequential quadratic programming. At last, the application was also discussed. Application shows that all of these results can analyze and evaluate the fracturing treatment quality scientifically and rationally, instruct and modify the design of fracturing and improve fracturing design level.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30371451
文摘OBJECTIVE： To explain the mechanisms of tuhe synthesis, secretion and regulation of brain natriuretic peptide （BNP）, and analyze its role in central nervous system diseases. DATA SOURCES： An online search of Pubmed was undertaken to identify articles related to BNP published in English from January 1990 to February 2007 by using the key words of ＂brain natriuretic pepfide （BNP）, central nervous system, subarachnoid hemorrhage （SAH）, brain edema, epilepsy＂. Other articles were searched in China Hospital Knowledge Database （CHKD） by concrete name of journals and title of articles. STUDY SELECTION： The collected articles were primarily screened, those about BNP and its association with central nervous system diseases were selected, whereas the obviously irrelative ones excluded, and the full-texts of the other literatures were searched manually. DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 96 articles were collected, 40 of them were enrolled, and the other 56 were excluded due to repetitive studies or reviews. DATA SYNTHESIS： At present, there are penetrating studies on BNP in the preclinical medicine and clinical medicine of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases, and the investigative outcomes have been gradually applied in clinical practice, and satisfactory results have been obtained. However, the application of BNP in diagnosing and treating central nervous system diseases is still at the experimental phase without - outstanding outcomes, thus the preclinical and clinical studies should be enhanced. CONCLUSION： As a kind of central medium or modulator, BNP plays a certain role in the occurrence, development and termination of central nervous system diseases, the BNP level in serum has certain changing law in SAH, brain edema, epilepsy, etc., but the specific mechanisms are unclear.
文摘As benzoxazin-4-ones and quinazolines linked to indole nucleus acting as a good pharmacophore, the synthesis of these compounds has significant meaning. The key intermediates 2-（2＇, 5＇-disubstituted-indol-2＇-yl）-4H-3, 1-benzoxazin-4-ones （3） were synthesized from cyclocondensation of indole-2-carbonyl chlorides （2） and anthranilic acid. Compound （3） on reaction with thiosemicarbazide and o-phenylene diamine afforded the compound （4） and （6） respectively. Compound （4） subjected to intramolecular cyclization under thermal conditions above its melting point afforded the compound （5）. Similarly compound （3） on fusion with o- phenylene diamine gave compound （7）. Structures of these compounds were confirmed by their spectral studies. The compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activity and the results were reported.
文摘A system of finished Componeer composite veneers is a unique and having no analogy in the world elaboration of the Swisscompany Coltene/Whaledent, an outcome of almost halfa century experience of the company working in a field of composite materials.It combines the best features of direct and indirect restoration methods. The system is fulfilled of nanocomposite Synergy D6 that hashigh mechanical strength, convenience for workable consistency, color stability and a system of halftone shades, which facilitates colormatching. All this allows achieving excellent aesthetic results in minimal time. Application of an original standard scale givespossibility effectively assess optical properties of dental hard tissues and develop an implementation strategy of restoration before workstarted. Formation of Componeer form, polymerization and polishing at factory allow a practitioner fully utilize effect of＂fluorescence＂ inherent to the material. All this allows us to position the Componeer system as a serious alternative to non-directmethods of restoration with the possibility of both high aesthetic and cosmetic reconstruction reliability.
文摘Brazil is the world’s largest producer and consumer of passion fruit,being a tropical fruit that produces a lot of waste in its process.As this residue is more than 60%of the mass of the fruit,there is a problem directed to the discard of the same.One way to add economic and financial value to the passion fruit industry would be to use the waste as a source of fuel in a process of converting biomass to energy.The objective of this work was to characterize samples of passion fruit residues by analyzing the moisture content and the experimental calorific value,aiming at its energy utilization,in order to obtain initial information to help define the best conversion path of this biomass:thermochemical or biochemical.After analysis,it was concluded that the most appropriate biomass utilization route would be anaerobic biodigestion due to the high moisture content presented in the samples(greater than 80%).However,the same ones,if in dry basis,also have high calorific value,compared,for example,with sugarcane bagasse.With the results,it was demonstrated that the biomass of the passion fruit pulp presents itself as a potential alternative for the energy utilization.
