Mobile young white-collar workers not only have the characteristics of mobile young people,but also have the characteristics of general white-collar workers.Under the influence of both,their mental health may be suffe...Mobile young white-collar workers not only have the characteristics of mobile young people,but also have the characteristics of general white-collar workers.Under the influence of both,their mental health may be suffering from“double disadvantage”.So,based on an ecological model of the stress process,this paper tries to use the data of the questionnaire on the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers in Zhejiang Province to explore the influence of some factors in the middle workplace and residence place on the mental health of micro individuals.The results show that:(1)The working environment with high control and low freedom and the workplace discrimination against the mobile status will have a negative impact on the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers;(2)Financial anxiety in daily life will lead to a decline in the mental health level of mobile young white-collar workers;(3)Good organizational support and neighborhood social relations can significantly relieve life pressure,so as to effectively improve the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers.It can be seen that we also need to pay more attention to the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers in order to improve their situation.展开更多
To explore the relationship between social influence,social comparison,clarity of self-concept,and psychological anxiety among young women during their usage of social networking sites,our study selected 338 young wom...To explore the relationship between social influence,social comparison,clarity of self-concept,and psychological anxiety among young women during their usage of social networking sites,our study selected 338 young women aged 14-34 from the social site platforms of Little Red Book and Weibo for questionnaire surveys.The Passive Social Network Utilization Scale,Social Comparison Scale(SCS),Social Influence Questionnaire,Self-Concept Clarity Scale(SCCS),and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7)were employed to measure the subjects.Our results show that the frequency of passive social media use is positively related to the level of psychological anxiety.Social comparison,social influence,and unclear self-concepts under social media use are negatively predictive of psychological anxiety.The chain mediation effects indicate that social comparison and social influence under social media use negatively predict the clarity of self-concept,thus having a negative impact on the psychological health of young women.Therefore,young women should strengthen their self-concepts,control their frequency of social media usage,avoid addiction,and pay special attention to their frequency of passive use,in order to protect their psychological health.Our study provides some practical implications and insights regarding the relationship between young women’s social media use and psychological health.展开更多
The right to health for all people means that healthcare services and programs are available,accessible,and acceptable for everyone in need.However,certain groups in the society may be marginalized from their needed h...The right to health for all people means that healthcare services and programs are available,accessible,and acceptable for everyone in need.However,certain groups in the society may be marginalized from their needed healthcare services.In this regard,this paper discusses the challenges in providing HIV-related services to sex workers,a group that remains marginalized in Philippine society.展开更多
Diabetes is a non-communicable ailment that has adverse effects on the individual’s overall well-being and productivity in society.The main objective of this study was to examine the empirical literature concerning t...Diabetes is a non-communicable ailment that has adverse effects on the individual’s overall well-being and productivity in society.The main objective of this study was to examine the empirical literature concerning the association between diabetes and poverty and the accessibility and utilization of medical care services among diabetic patients.The diabetes literature was explored using a literature review approach.This review revealed that diabetes is an ailment that affects all individuals irrespective of socioeconomic status;however,its prevalence is high in low-income countries.Hence,despite the higher prevalence of diabetes in developing countries compared with developed countries,diabetes is not a poor man’s ailment because it affects individuals of all incomes.While the number of diabetic patients that access and utilize diabetes medical care services has increased over the years,some personal and institutional factors still limit patients’access to the use of diabetes care.Also,there is a lacuna in the diabetes literature concerning the extent of utilization of available healthcare services by diabetic patients.展开更多
Globally,cancer cases and mortality have recently escalated and have attracted global concern.The clinical diagnosis and manifestation of cancer can result in significant mental health issues like depression and anxie...Globally,cancer cases and mortality have recently escalated and have attracted global concern.The clinical diagnosis and manifestation of cancer can result in significant mental health issues like depression and anxiety disorders.The tendency of people with cancer to suffer from psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression is usually high.A significant number of deaths related to cancer may likely not be from the killer disease but from psychological disorders associated with the illness.The utilization of music as a remedial approach to healing mental disorders cannot be overstated.Thus,identifying the impacts of music therapy in dealing with depression and anxiety disorders among people with cancer is relevant,as the majority of methods used in treating cancer have some side effects which may trigger psychological disorders in cancer patients.Ultimately,this study explored the significance of music therapy in treating depression and anxiety disorders among people with cancer.To achieve the aim of this study,the authors employed a narrative literature review to investigate the significance of music therapy in addressing depression and anxiety disorders among people with cancer.The type of literature review employed in this study is to provide an understanding of the selected research papers.The review found that music therapy significantly reduces depression and anxiety disorders among breast cancer,lung cancer,prostate cancer,and colorectal cancer patients.It is needful for healthcare providers to incorporate music therapy interventions while treating people with cancer.This will help reduce cancer deaths resulting from psychological disorders rather than the killer disease,cancer.However,the standardized procedures and evaluation criteria for applying music-based intervention strategies in oncology medicine still need to be further established and improved.展开更多
How does psychological distress evolve over time?This study utilizes cross-sectional data from the China General Social Survey from 2010 to 2017 to explore the differences in psychological distress among Chinese resid...How does psychological distress evolve over time?This study utilizes cross-sectional data from the China General Social Survey from 2010 to 2017 to explore the differences in psychological distress among Chinese residents at various ages,periods,and cohorts.The dummy variable method and random effects hierarchical age-period-cohort model were employed to isolate the age,period,and cohort effects that impacted the psychological distress of Chinese urban residents.First,in terms of the age effect,the psychological distress experienced by residents tends to increase initially and then decrease with age.Middle-aged individuals,around 40 years old,often face a particularly severe form of psychological distress known as the“midlife crisis.”Additionally,middle-aged people who have larger families may experience more significant psychological distress due to increased family burdens.Second,in terms of the period effect,the psychological distress experienced by residents has been on the rise due to the continued development of society.Those who are at a disadvantage in market competition and work longer hours may be particularly vulnerable to increased psychological distress.Thirdly,the cohort effect refers to the different social behaviors and attitudes exhibited by individuals of different generations.In terms of this effect,psychological distress initially decreased and then increased among those born between 1945 and 1990.Individuals born in the 1980s and 1990s experienced higher levels of psychological distress,with internet use having a greater negative impact.Additionally,the positive effect of income on their psychological distress was reduced.The psychological distress of Chinese urban residents is affected by a variety of time-related factors,which are closely related to Chinese clan culture,market competition and social changes.The heavy family burden imposed by traditional clan culture,the different working conditions created by market competition,and the emergence of new lifestyles,such as internet use during social changes,have led to diverse psychological distress experiences among residents across different ages,time periods,and cohorts.In the future,longitudinal studies are needed to strengthen the robustness of the conclusions and consider the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.Mental health support should pay specific attention to the psychological distress of middle-aged individuals,long-time workers,and internet users.展开更多
Background:During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in China,social interactions shifted to online spaces due to lockdowns and social distancing measures.As a result,the impact of online social networking on u...Background:During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in China,social interactions shifted to online spaces due to lockdowns and social distancing measures.As a result,the impact of online social networking on users’emotional status has become stronger than ever.This study examines the association between online social networking and Internet users’emotional status and how offline reality affects this relationship.Methods:The study utilizes cross-sectional online survey data(n=3004)and Baidu Migration big data from the first 3 months of the pandemic.Two dimensions of online networking are measured:social support and information sources.Results:First,individuals’online social support(β=0.16,p<0.05)and information sources(β=0.08,p<0.01)are both positively associated to their emotional status during the epidemic.Second,these positive associations are moderated by social status and provincial pandemic control interventions.With regards to the moderation effect of social status,the constructive impact of information sources on emotional well-being is more pronounced among individuals from vulnerable groups compared to those who are not.With regard to the moderation effect of provincial interventions,online social support has the potential to alleviate the adverse repercussions of high rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases and strict lockdown measures while simultaneously augmenting the favorable effects of recovery.Conclusion:The various dimensions of social networking exert distinct effects on emotional status through diverse mechanisms,all of which must be taken into account when designing and adapting pandemic-control interventions.展开更多
The laws and regulations in human history can be revealed by computational models.From 221 before Christ(BC)to 1912 Anno Domini(AD),the unification pattern has dominated the main part of Chinese history for 2132 years...The laws and regulations in human history can be revealed by computational models.From 221 before Christ(BC)to 1912 Anno Domini(AD),the unification pattern has dominated the main part of Chinese history for 2132 years.Before the emergence of the first unified empire,the Qin Empire in 221 BC,there existed the Eastern Zhou dynasty(770 BC to 221 BC).This long dynasty has two stages,and here we focus on the first stage.This Spring-Autumn stage was from 770 BC(with 148 states)to 476 BC(with 32 states).The whole country(China)is modelled as a multi‐agent system,which contains multiple local states.They behave autonomously under certain action rules(wars and conflicts),which forms the main reason for the annexations and disappearance of most states.Key factors(power,loyalty,bellicosity and alliance)have been considered in our model settings,and simulation outcomes will be monitored and collected.Eventually,an optimal solution is obtained,which well unveils the internal mechanism and statistical features of real big history.Furthermore,counterfactuals are used to explore the non‐linear effects of the key factors,which deepens the authors’understanding of civilisa-tion evolutions in human history.展开更多
Objectives: To determine the economic challenges brought on by water-borne illnesses as a result of climate change. In addition to identifying potential access to safe drinking water during climate change and potentia...Objectives: To determine the economic challenges brought on by water-borne illnesses as a result of climate change. In addition to identifying potential access to safe drinking water during climate change and potential health hurdles brought on by water-related diseases, it is important to learn how to reduce the spread of water-borne diseases. Methods: A mixed method design was adopted to evaluate this research, and probability sampling, more specifically simple random sampling, was used to select to sample from the target population. The study was conducted in Taltali upazila of the Barguna district, and data was collected from 384 respondents;among them, 5 respondents were selected for the key informant interview. The research project began in June 2022 and was completed in December 2022. Results: 41.4% of respondents said they suffer from dysentery, 22.4% said the expense of treating water-borne diseases has increased as a result of climate change, and 37.8% said they must travel great distances to obtain clean drinking water. Currently, 41.7% of individuals utilize tube-well water, compared to 19.3% five to ten years ago, and 27.4% have been taught that water filtration helps reduce the spread of water-borne diseases. Conclusions: People’s vulnerability to climate change in the study area is a result of factors such as rapid population increase, unequal access to resources, food insecurity, a long distance to collect water, inadequate medical facilities, a lack of poverty, and a weak health system.展开更多
The society and culture of Bangladesh are quite different from the other countries of the world. It is difficult to receive a theory fully for explaining the condition of our own. However, the purpose of this paper is...The society and culture of Bangladesh are quite different from the other countries of the world. It is difficult to receive a theory fully for explaining the condition of our own. However, the purpose of this paper is to review major sociological theories on aging and propose a new one. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Content analysis and survey methods were used in this study. Through the baseline survey of four villages in the Bogra District of Bangladesh, 609 older people have been identified. Among them, 203 older people including 96 males and 107 females have been selected as a sample randomly and interviewed intensively. The contents of aging-related theories have been analyzed. The results of this study show that existing theories of aging are inadequate to explain the social aspects of older adults in Bangladesh;rather Ignored Engagement (A Piloted Theory) may be suitable to do this. This study may give future direction to academicians and policymakers to formulate and amend evidence-based policies and practices for the well-being of our older people.展开更多
Ghana has been a collectivistic society. However, due to social change, this value is fast being replaced by individualistic tendencies with implications for age-oriented care provision and receipt. This paper investi...Ghana has been a collectivistic society. However, due to social change, this value is fast being replaced by individualistic tendencies with implications for age-oriented care provision and receipt. This paper investigates the participation in the socially productive strategy of using ageing-oriented volunteerism to leverage the receipt of care in later life utilizing a quantitative dataset. The results show that volunteering may be undertaken with old age in sight. This needs to take place under circumstances of good communication skills among others. The accumulated time needs to be recorded in a time bank and redeemed with a time bank card in later life. Two-dimensional leveraging points pertain in this context: first, leveraging volunteerism for short or long-term care in the nearest future;second, technological innovation’s facilitation of the same. Volunteerism in this context has the attribute of low levels of depression, with implications for quality of life. These are discussed in the light of the social care pillar of ageing social policy. The paper argues that adopting volunteerism with reciprocation as the ultimate goal constitutes a kickback model for care receipt in later life. It served as a choice of care in later life which is a shock absorber to inadequate formal support infrastructure and individualistic social tendencies in Ghana. It is reminiscent of resistance to the shrinkage of older persons’ social integration in their social world.展开更多
Objective This study aims to assess the status of successful aging（SA） in longevity areas in China and explore multiple factors associated with SA among the young-old and oldest-old. Methods A total of 2296 elderly ...Objective This study aims to assess the status of successful aging（SA） in longevity areas in China and explore multiple factors associated with SA among the young-old and oldest-old. Methods A total of 2296 elderly people aged 65 and older were interviewed in the longevity areas sub-sample of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey（CLHLS） in 2012. Baseline assessments included a researcher-administered questionnaire, physical examination, and laboratory testing. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with SA. Results The prevalence of SA was 38.81% in the CLHLS in 2012. There were significant differences between ages groups, with SA compromising 56.85% among ≥65 years group and 20.31% among ≥100 years group(χtrend2=126.73, P<0.01). The prevalence of SA among females was 33.59%, which was significantly lower than that among males（45.58%）（χ2gender=33.65, P<0.05）. In the regression analysis, having anemia（OR=0.744, 95% CI: 0.609-0.910）, poor lifestyle（OR=0.697, 95% CI: 0.568-0.854）, poor sleep quality（OR=0.558, 95% CI: 0.456-0.682）, and central obesity（OR=0.684, 95% CI: 0.556-0.841） were the main factors associated with SA. The promoting SA rate decreased as age increased, and the group of 65-79 years had higher odds than the other age group. Conclusion Preventing central obesity, improving sleep quality and promoting healthy lifestyle may contribute to achieve SA among the elderly.展开更多
The soils, tropical climate, and network of canals and rivers of southern Vietnam have created one of the most diverse tropical jungles and intensely cultivated landscapes of Southeast Asia. This paradise has a long h...The soils, tropical climate, and network of canals and rivers of southern Vietnam have created one of the most diverse tropical jungles and intensely cultivated landscapes of Southeast Asia. This paradise has a long history of numerous wars, foreign occupations, and most recently the Second Indochina War (aka the Vietnam War 1965-1972) which defoliated rain forests and ancient wetland mangroves and left behind contaminated soil and sediment hotspots. During this war, the United States (US) military sprayed 80 million liters of Agent Orange contaminated with the dioxin TCDD in a guerrilla war against communist insurgents. Agent Orange was a synthetic plant growth regulator comprised of equal amounts of two herbicides 2,4-dichloro phenoxyacetic acid C8H6Cl2O3 (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid C8H5Cl3O3 (2,4,5-T). TCDD, the dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (C12H4Cl4O2) was an unintended byproduct of the accelerated combustion process used in the manufacture of herbicides containing 2,4,5-T. Agent Orange has frequently been blamed for soil and sediment contamination and long-term human health problems;however, the true source of harm is the dioxin TCDD. Agent Orange has a short half-life of days and weeks after application to vegetation, and has not been found to persist, after 50 years, in the water or soils of southern Vietnam. However, the half-life of dioxin TCDD depends on where it is deposited and varies from 1 to 3 years on soil surfaces that have been fully exposed to sunlight, to as long as 20 to 50 years or more when buried in tropical subsoils, and more than 100 years in river and sea sediments. Dioxin TCDD was heavily concentrated in the US Air Force bases in Vietnam where the herbicides were stored, loaded on planes and helicopters for aerial spraying, and used extensively around military base perimeter fences as a security measure to prevent surprise attacks. Bien Hoa Air Force base, 40 km northeast of Ho Chi Minh City, continues to be one of the mega-hotspots where after 48 years the dioxin TCDD levels in fish and shrimp are still high and fishing is banned in ponds and lakes adjacent to the airbase. Although expensive, one of the most effective remediation to dioxin TCDD contaminated soils is incineration which is the recommended method of dioxin TCDD disposal.展开更多
The first birth marks a transition of a woman into motherhood.It contributes substantially to overall fertility of each individual woman.The age at which childbearing begins influences the number of children a woman b...The first birth marks a transition of a woman into motherhood.It contributes substantially to overall fertility of each individual woman.The age at which childbearing begins influences the number of children a woman bears throughout her whole reproductive life span.Thus,the mother's age at first birth influences the total number of births that she might have in her life,which impacts the size,composition,and future growth of the population.Child-bearing at very young ages is common among the poor in Bangladesh.The objective of the present study is to examine the factors associated with age at first birth among slum dwellers of five selected slums(locally,colony) in Sylhet city corporation area,Bangladesh.The data of this study was collected from 520 women aged 14-50 years.The study found that almost 93%of women were married by the ages of 18 years and about 56%of the women have had their first child by the age of 18 years.The Ordinary Least Squares(OLS) regression model was used to analyze the factors correlated with women's age at first birth.The regression model is significant with an F-value of 49.48 and can explain 40.4%of the variation in the dependent variable as it is indicated by the R-square.展开更多
The Philippines has an HIV crisis that mostly affects gays,bisexuals,and other men who have sex with men(GBMSM)[1,2].Between 2010 and 2017,the number of people newly diagnosed with HIV increased from 16000 to 68000[1]...The Philippines has an HIV crisis that mostly affects gays,bisexuals,and other men who have sex with men(GBMSM)[1,2].Between 2010 and 2017,the number of people newly diagnosed with HIV increased from 16000 to 68000[1].During the COVID-19 pandemic,the crisis worsened with HIV testing and antiretroviral treatment decreasing by 61%and 28%,respectively[2].Among others,pervasive societal stigma contributes to the HIV crisis in the country[1-3].展开更多
This paper discusses the inter-generational heritage of the assimilation,and analyzes the effect of the parent-child communication and some family backgrounds on the situation and development of the assimilation of mi...This paper discusses the inter-generational heritage of the assimilation,and analyzes the effect of the parent-child communication and some family backgrounds on the situation and development of the assimilation of migrant children,based on the panel data(PSDMC).The results show that,better communication between parents and migrant children helps to develop the children's assimilation.Meanwhile school effect is significant after controlling for the effects of individual characteristics and family background.The assimilation of migrant children has the properties of inheritance and plasticity.Inheritance affects more on the beginning level,and the parent-child communication determines the direction and slope.Therefore,it is more important to improve migrant children's family environment and adapt better parent's teaching approach.展开更多
Background: Epidemic of anemia is considered to be a significant threat to pregnant women or women in child bearing age. Anemia is one of the major nutritional health disorders affecting significant proportion of popu...Background: Epidemic of anemia is considered to be a significant threat to pregnant women or women in child bearing age. Anemia is one of the major nutritional health disorders affecting significant proportion of population not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. This threat is more alarming in developing countries where poverty, illiteracy may contribute to high risk for causes of anemia. Objective: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the main causes of anemia in pregnant women in the State of Azad Kashmir, Muzaffarabad and to investigate the relationship between education and anemia. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted over a sample of 433 pregnant women. The Chi- square test has been used to assess the statistical significance of different risk factors with Hb% (Heamoglobin) of the respondent. The multiple logistic regression model was used to get the most significant risk factors of anemia. Results: The study shows that the most dominant risk factors of the anemia were age at the time of marriage at different age categories that are 16 - 20 (OR = 3.945) (OR Odds ratios) with 95% C-I (confidence interval) (0.294 to 52.985), 21 - 25 (OR = 2.316) with 95% C-I (0.192 to 27.932) and 26 - 30 (OR = 4.179) with 95% C-I (0.347 to 50.320). Education at different education levels that is illiterate (OR = 1.191) with 95% C-I (0.005 to 87.279) and primary (OR = 1.179) with 95% C-I (0.009 to 156.200). Hb% at different levels 3 - 4 g/dl (OR = 1.220) with 95% C-I (0.299 to 4.984), 5 - 6 g/dl (OR = 2.221) with 95% C-I (0.679 to7.263) and 7 - 10 g/dl (OR = 1.384) with 95% C-I (0.408 to 4.689). Monthly展开更多
The transboundary Mekong River is shared by six SE Asia countries (China, Myanmar, Thailand, Lao PDR, Cambodia, and Vietnam). In this paper the livelihoods of farmers and fishers of Lao PDR, Cambodia and Vietnam are e...The transboundary Mekong River is shared by six SE Asia countries (China, Myanmar, Thailand, Lao PDR, Cambodia, and Vietnam). In this paper the livelihoods of farmers and fishers of Lao PDR, Cambodia and Vietnam are examined to assess impacts of Mekong River development and modernization projects on the rural peoples of the Mekong River and Delta. A high proportion of the 190 million rural people of the Mekong basin are dependent on the diverse and abundant resources of the Mekong River and its tributaries for food security and basic necessities, livelihoods, and cultural identities. Although rice farming and fisheries occupations are primary income sources, many livelihoods involve a diversity of on-farm and off-farm activities. Agricultural specialization and intensification and hydropower dam construction on the Mekong main stem and tributaries are altering traditional rural patterns of household food security, income, and cultural ways of living at an increasingly rapid pace. Rural transformation projects must better assess how these modernization efforts change the ecology of the Mekong River and in turn affect the capacity of rural people to adapt in ways that ensure food security and improve household livelihoods. It will be critical that development efforts recognize, value, and invest in rural people’s roles in producing a stable, affordable food system and managing the integrity of river ecosystems upon which future prosperity depends. Interventions are needed to prevent degradation of the Mekong Basin soil and water resources from large-scale agricultural intensification, water diversion and overbuilding of hydropower dams which are threats to small-scale land holdings and farmers and fishers capacities to provide daily food for their own consumption and to feed SE Asia’s growing urban populations.展开更多
基金the National Social Science Fund of China(Grant No.20BTJ005).
文摘Mobile young white-collar workers not only have the characteristics of mobile young people,but also have the characteristics of general white-collar workers.Under the influence of both,their mental health may be suffering from“double disadvantage”.So,based on an ecological model of the stress process,this paper tries to use the data of the questionnaire on the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers in Zhejiang Province to explore the influence of some factors in the middle workplace and residence place on the mental health of micro individuals.The results show that:(1)The working environment with high control and low freedom and the workplace discrimination against the mobile status will have a negative impact on the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers;(2)Financial anxiety in daily life will lead to a decline in the mental health level of mobile young white-collar workers;(3)Good organizational support and neighborhood social relations can significantly relieve life pressure,so as to effectively improve the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers.It can be seen that we also need to pay more attention to the mental health of mobile young white-collar workers in order to improve their situation.
基金funded by Zhejiang Xi Jinping Research Center for Socialist Thought with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era Project(Grant No.23CCG39).
文摘To explore the relationship between social influence,social comparison,clarity of self-concept,and psychological anxiety among young women during their usage of social networking sites,our study selected 338 young women aged 14-34 from the social site platforms of Little Red Book and Weibo for questionnaire surveys.The Passive Social Network Utilization Scale,Social Comparison Scale(SCS),Social Influence Questionnaire,Self-Concept Clarity Scale(SCCS),and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7)were employed to measure the subjects.Our results show that the frequency of passive social media use is positively related to the level of psychological anxiety.Social comparison,social influence,and unclear self-concepts under social media use are negatively predictive of psychological anxiety.The chain mediation effects indicate that social comparison and social influence under social media use negatively predict the clarity of self-concept,thus having a negative impact on the psychological health of young women.Therefore,young women should strengthen their self-concepts,control their frequency of social media usage,avoid addiction,and pay special attention to their frequency of passive use,in order to protect their psychological health.Our study provides some practical implications and insights regarding the relationship between young women’s social media use and psychological health.
文摘The right to health for all people means that healthcare services and programs are available,accessible,and acceptable for everyone in need.However,certain groups in the society may be marginalized from their needed healthcare services.In this regard,this paper discusses the challenges in providing HIV-related services to sex workers,a group that remains marginalized in Philippine society.
文摘Diabetes is a non-communicable ailment that has adverse effects on the individual’s overall well-being and productivity in society.The main objective of this study was to examine the empirical literature concerning the association between diabetes and poverty and the accessibility and utilization of medical care services among diabetic patients.The diabetes literature was explored using a literature review approach.This review revealed that diabetes is an ailment that affects all individuals irrespective of socioeconomic status;however,its prevalence is high in low-income countries.Hence,despite the higher prevalence of diabetes in developing countries compared with developed countries,diabetes is not a poor man’s ailment because it affects individuals of all incomes.While the number of diabetic patients that access and utilize diabetes medical care services has increased over the years,some personal and institutional factors still limit patients’access to the use of diabetes care.Also,there is a lacuna in the diabetes literature concerning the extent of utilization of available healthcare services by diabetic patients.
文摘Globally,cancer cases and mortality have recently escalated and have attracted global concern.The clinical diagnosis and manifestation of cancer can result in significant mental health issues like depression and anxiety disorders.The tendency of people with cancer to suffer from psychological disorders such as anxiety and depression is usually high.A significant number of deaths related to cancer may likely not be from the killer disease but from psychological disorders associated with the illness.The utilization of music as a remedial approach to healing mental disorders cannot be overstated.Thus,identifying the impacts of music therapy in dealing with depression and anxiety disorders among people with cancer is relevant,as the majority of methods used in treating cancer have some side effects which may trigger psychological disorders in cancer patients.Ultimately,this study explored the significance of music therapy in treating depression and anxiety disorders among people with cancer.To achieve the aim of this study,the authors employed a narrative literature review to investigate the significance of music therapy in addressing depression and anxiety disorders among people with cancer.The type of literature review employed in this study is to provide an understanding of the selected research papers.The review found that music therapy significantly reduces depression and anxiety disorders among breast cancer,lung cancer,prostate cancer,and colorectal cancer patients.It is needful for healthcare providers to incorporate music therapy interventions while treating people with cancer.This will help reduce cancer deaths resulting from psychological disorders rather than the killer disease,cancer.However,the standardized procedures and evaluation criteria for applying music-based intervention strategies in oncology medicine still need to be further established and improved.
基金funded by China Studies Program and the program number is 21HTS02.
文摘How does psychological distress evolve over time?This study utilizes cross-sectional data from the China General Social Survey from 2010 to 2017 to explore the differences in psychological distress among Chinese residents at various ages,periods,and cohorts.The dummy variable method and random effects hierarchical age-period-cohort model were employed to isolate the age,period,and cohort effects that impacted the psychological distress of Chinese urban residents.First,in terms of the age effect,the psychological distress experienced by residents tends to increase initially and then decrease with age.Middle-aged individuals,around 40 years old,often face a particularly severe form of psychological distress known as the“midlife crisis.”Additionally,middle-aged people who have larger families may experience more significant psychological distress due to increased family burdens.Second,in terms of the period effect,the psychological distress experienced by residents has been on the rise due to the continued development of society.Those who are at a disadvantage in market competition and work longer hours may be particularly vulnerable to increased psychological distress.Thirdly,the cohort effect refers to the different social behaviors and attitudes exhibited by individuals of different generations.In terms of this effect,psychological distress initially decreased and then increased among those born between 1945 and 1990.Individuals born in the 1980s and 1990s experienced higher levels of psychological distress,with internet use having a greater negative impact.Additionally,the positive effect of income on their psychological distress was reduced.The psychological distress of Chinese urban residents is affected by a variety of time-related factors,which are closely related to Chinese clan culture,market competition and social changes.The heavy family burden imposed by traditional clan culture,the different working conditions created by market competition,and the emergence of new lifestyles,such as internet use during social changes,have led to diverse psychological distress experiences among residents across different ages,time periods,and cohorts.In the future,longitudinal studies are needed to strengthen the robustness of the conclusions and consider the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.Mental health support should pay specific attention to the psychological distress of middle-aged individuals,long-time workers,and internet users.
基金This research was funded by“the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant Number XJSJ23180”,https://www.xidian.edu.cn/index.htmand“Shaanxi Province Philosophy and Social Science Research Project,Grant Number 2023QN0046”,http://www.sxsskw.org.cn/.
文摘Background:During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in China,social interactions shifted to online spaces due to lockdowns and social distancing measures.As a result,the impact of online social networking on users’emotional status has become stronger than ever.This study examines the association between online social networking and Internet users’emotional status and how offline reality affects this relationship.Methods:The study utilizes cross-sectional online survey data(n=3004)and Baidu Migration big data from the first 3 months of the pandemic.Two dimensions of online networking are measured:social support and information sources.Results:First,individuals’online social support(β=0.16,p<0.05)and information sources(β=0.08,p<0.01)are both positively associated to their emotional status during the epidemic.Second,these positive associations are moderated by social status and provincial pandemic control interventions.With regards to the moderation effect of social status,the constructive impact of information sources on emotional well-being is more pronounced among individuals from vulnerable groups compared to those who are not.With regard to the moderation effect of provincial interventions,online social support has the potential to alleviate the adverse repercussions of high rates of confirmed COVID-19 cases and strict lockdown measures while simultaneously augmenting the favorable effects of recovery.Conclusion:The various dimensions of social networking exert distinct effects on emotional status through diverse mechanisms,all of which must be taken into account when designing and adapting pandemic-control interventions.
基金supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(Grant No.17ZDA117).
文摘The laws and regulations in human history can be revealed by computational models.From 221 before Christ(BC)to 1912 Anno Domini(AD),the unification pattern has dominated the main part of Chinese history for 2132 years.Before the emergence of the first unified empire,the Qin Empire in 221 BC,there existed the Eastern Zhou dynasty(770 BC to 221 BC).This long dynasty has two stages,and here we focus on the first stage.This Spring-Autumn stage was from 770 BC(with 148 states)to 476 BC(with 32 states).The whole country(China)is modelled as a multi‐agent system,which contains multiple local states.They behave autonomously under certain action rules(wars and conflicts),which forms the main reason for the annexations and disappearance of most states.Key factors(power,loyalty,bellicosity and alliance)have been considered in our model settings,and simulation outcomes will be monitored and collected.Eventually,an optimal solution is obtained,which well unveils the internal mechanism and statistical features of real big history.Furthermore,counterfactuals are used to explore the non‐linear effects of the key factors,which deepens the authors’understanding of civilisa-tion evolutions in human history.
文摘Objectives: To determine the economic challenges brought on by water-borne illnesses as a result of climate change. In addition to identifying potential access to safe drinking water during climate change and potential health hurdles brought on by water-related diseases, it is important to learn how to reduce the spread of water-borne diseases. Methods: A mixed method design was adopted to evaluate this research, and probability sampling, more specifically simple random sampling, was used to select to sample from the target population. The study was conducted in Taltali upazila of the Barguna district, and data was collected from 384 respondents;among them, 5 respondents were selected for the key informant interview. The research project began in June 2022 and was completed in December 2022. Results: 41.4% of respondents said they suffer from dysentery, 22.4% said the expense of treating water-borne diseases has increased as a result of climate change, and 37.8% said they must travel great distances to obtain clean drinking water. Currently, 41.7% of individuals utilize tube-well water, compared to 19.3% five to ten years ago, and 27.4% have been taught that water filtration helps reduce the spread of water-borne diseases. Conclusions: People’s vulnerability to climate change in the study area is a result of factors such as rapid population increase, unequal access to resources, food insecurity, a long distance to collect water, inadequate medical facilities, a lack of poverty, and a weak health system.
文摘The society and culture of Bangladesh are quite different from the other countries of the world. It is difficult to receive a theory fully for explaining the condition of our own. However, the purpose of this paper is to review major sociological theories on aging and propose a new one. Data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Content analysis and survey methods were used in this study. Through the baseline survey of four villages in the Bogra District of Bangladesh, 609 older people have been identified. Among them, 203 older people including 96 males and 107 females have been selected as a sample randomly and interviewed intensively. The contents of aging-related theories have been analyzed. The results of this study show that existing theories of aging are inadequate to explain the social aspects of older adults in Bangladesh;rather Ignored Engagement (A Piloted Theory) may be suitable to do this. This study may give future direction to academicians and policymakers to formulate and amend evidence-based policies and practices for the well-being of our older people.
文摘Ghana has been a collectivistic society. However, due to social change, this value is fast being replaced by individualistic tendencies with implications for age-oriented care provision and receipt. This paper investigates the participation in the socially productive strategy of using ageing-oriented volunteerism to leverage the receipt of care in later life utilizing a quantitative dataset. The results show that volunteering may be undertaken with old age in sight. This needs to take place under circumstances of good communication skills among others. The accumulated time needs to be recorded in a time bank and redeemed with a time bank card in later life. Two-dimensional leveraging points pertain in this context: first, leveraging volunteerism for short or long-term care in the nearest future;second, technological innovation’s facilitation of the same. Volunteerism in this context has the attribute of low levels of depression, with implications for quality of life. These are discussed in the light of the social care pillar of ageing social policy. The paper argues that adopting volunteerism with reciprocation as the ultimate goal constitutes a kickback model for care receipt in later life. It served as a choice of care in later life which is a shock absorber to inadequate formal support infrastructure and individualistic social tendencies in Ghana. It is reminiscent of resistance to the shrinkage of older persons’ social integration in their social world.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China[81273160,71233001,71110107025]United Nations Population Fund and the United States National Institutes of Health[R01AG23627]
文摘Objective This study aims to assess the status of successful aging（SA） in longevity areas in China and explore multiple factors associated with SA among the young-old and oldest-old. Methods A total of 2296 elderly people aged 65 and older were interviewed in the longevity areas sub-sample of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey（CLHLS） in 2012. Baseline assessments included a researcher-administered questionnaire, physical examination, and laboratory testing. A logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with SA. Results The prevalence of SA was 38.81% in the CLHLS in 2012. There were significant differences between ages groups, with SA compromising 56.85% among ≥65 years group and 20.31% among ≥100 years group(χtrend2=126.73, P<0.01). The prevalence of SA among females was 33.59%, which was significantly lower than that among males（45.58%）（χ2gender=33.65, P<0.05）. In the regression analysis, having anemia（OR=0.744, 95% CI: 0.609-0.910）, poor lifestyle（OR=0.697, 95% CI: 0.568-0.854）, poor sleep quality（OR=0.558, 95% CI: 0.456-0.682）, and central obesity（OR=0.684, 95% CI: 0.556-0.841） were the main factors associated with SA. The promoting SA rate decreased as age increased, and the group of 65-79 years had higher odds than the other age group. Conclusion Preventing central obesity, improving sleep quality and promoting healthy lifestyle may contribute to achieve SA among the elderly.
文摘The soils, tropical climate, and network of canals and rivers of southern Vietnam have created one of the most diverse tropical jungles and intensely cultivated landscapes of Southeast Asia. This paradise has a long history of numerous wars, foreign occupations, and most recently the Second Indochina War (aka the Vietnam War 1965-1972) which defoliated rain forests and ancient wetland mangroves and left behind contaminated soil and sediment hotspots. During this war, the United States (US) military sprayed 80 million liters of Agent Orange contaminated with the dioxin TCDD in a guerrilla war against communist insurgents. Agent Orange was a synthetic plant growth regulator comprised of equal amounts of two herbicides 2,4-dichloro phenoxyacetic acid C8H6Cl2O3 (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid C8H5Cl3O3 (2,4,5-T). TCDD, the dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (C12H4Cl4O2) was an unintended byproduct of the accelerated combustion process used in the manufacture of herbicides containing 2,4,5-T. Agent Orange has frequently been blamed for soil and sediment contamination and long-term human health problems;however, the true source of harm is the dioxin TCDD. Agent Orange has a short half-life of days and weeks after application to vegetation, and has not been found to persist, after 50 years, in the water or soils of southern Vietnam. However, the half-life of dioxin TCDD depends on where it is deposited and varies from 1 to 3 years on soil surfaces that have been fully exposed to sunlight, to as long as 20 to 50 years or more when buried in tropical subsoils, and more than 100 years in river and sea sediments. Dioxin TCDD was heavily concentrated in the US Air Force bases in Vietnam where the herbicides were stored, loaded on planes and helicopters for aerial spraying, and used extensively around military base perimeter fences as a security measure to prevent surprise attacks. Bien Hoa Air Force base, 40 km northeast of Ho Chi Minh City, continues to be one of the mega-hotspots where after 48 years the dioxin TCDD levels in fish and shrimp are still high and fishing is banned in ponds and lakes adjacent to the airbase. Although expensive, one of the most effective remediation to dioxin TCDD contaminated soils is incineration which is the recommended method of dioxin TCDD disposal.
文摘The first birth marks a transition of a woman into motherhood.It contributes substantially to overall fertility of each individual woman.The age at which childbearing begins influences the number of children a woman bears throughout her whole reproductive life span.Thus,the mother's age at first birth influences the total number of births that she might have in her life,which impacts the size,composition,and future growth of the population.Child-bearing at very young ages is common among the poor in Bangladesh.The objective of the present study is to examine the factors associated with age at first birth among slum dwellers of five selected slums(locally,colony) in Sylhet city corporation area,Bangladesh.The data of this study was collected from 520 women aged 14-50 years.The study found that almost 93%of women were married by the ages of 18 years and about 56%of the women have had their first child by the age of 18 years.The Ordinary Least Squares(OLS) regression model was used to analyze the factors correlated with women's age at first birth.The regression model is significant with an F-value of 49.48 and can explain 40.4%of the variation in the dependent variable as it is indicated by the R-square.
文摘The Philippines has an HIV crisis that mostly affects gays,bisexuals,and other men who have sex with men(GBMSM)[1,2].Between 2010 and 2017,the number of people newly diagnosed with HIV increased from 16000 to 68000[1].During the COVID-19 pandemic,the crisis worsened with HIV testing and antiretroviral treatment decreasing by 61%and 28%,respectively[2].Among others,pervasive societal stigma contributes to the HIV crisis in the country[1-3].
文摘This paper discusses the inter-generational heritage of the assimilation,and analyzes the effect of the parent-child communication and some family backgrounds on the situation and development of the assimilation of migrant children,based on the panel data(PSDMC).The results show that,better communication between parents and migrant children helps to develop the children's assimilation.Meanwhile school effect is significant after controlling for the effects of individual characteristics and family background.The assimilation of migrant children has the properties of inheritance and plasticity.Inheritance affects more on the beginning level,and the parent-child communication determines the direction and slope.Therefore,it is more important to improve migrant children's family environment and adapt better parent's teaching approach.
文摘Background: Epidemic of anemia is considered to be a significant threat to pregnant women or women in child bearing age. Anemia is one of the major nutritional health disorders affecting significant proportion of population not only in developing countries but also in developed countries. This threat is more alarming in developing countries where poverty, illiteracy may contribute to high risk for causes of anemia. Objective: The purpose of the current study was to investigate the main causes of anemia in pregnant women in the State of Azad Kashmir, Muzaffarabad and to investigate the relationship between education and anemia. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted over a sample of 433 pregnant women. The Chi- square test has been used to assess the statistical significance of different risk factors with Hb% (Heamoglobin) of the respondent. The multiple logistic regression model was used to get the most significant risk factors of anemia. Results: The study shows that the most dominant risk factors of the anemia were age at the time of marriage at different age categories that are 16 - 20 (OR = 3.945) (OR Odds ratios) with 95% C-I (confidence interval) (0.294 to 52.985), 21 - 25 (OR = 2.316) with 95% C-I (0.192 to 27.932) and 26 - 30 (OR = 4.179) with 95% C-I (0.347 to 50.320). Education at different education levels that is illiterate (OR = 1.191) with 95% C-I (0.005 to 87.279) and primary (OR = 1.179) with 95% C-I (0.009 to 156.200). Hb% at different levels 3 - 4 g/dl (OR = 1.220) with 95% C-I (0.299 to 4.984), 5 - 6 g/dl (OR = 2.221) with 95% C-I (0.679 to7.263) and 7 - 10 g/dl (OR = 1.384) with 95% C-I (0.408 to 4.689). Monthly
文摘The transboundary Mekong River is shared by six SE Asia countries (China, Myanmar, Thailand, Lao PDR, Cambodia, and Vietnam). In this paper the livelihoods of farmers and fishers of Lao PDR, Cambodia and Vietnam are examined to assess impacts of Mekong River development and modernization projects on the rural peoples of the Mekong River and Delta. A high proportion of the 190 million rural people of the Mekong basin are dependent on the diverse and abundant resources of the Mekong River and its tributaries for food security and basic necessities, livelihoods, and cultural identities. Although rice farming and fisheries occupations are primary income sources, many livelihoods involve a diversity of on-farm and off-farm activities. Agricultural specialization and intensification and hydropower dam construction on the Mekong main stem and tributaries are altering traditional rural patterns of household food security, income, and cultural ways of living at an increasingly rapid pace. Rural transformation projects must better assess how these modernization efforts change the ecology of the Mekong River and in turn affect the capacity of rural people to adapt in ways that ensure food security and improve household livelihoods. It will be critical that development efforts recognize, value, and invest in rural people’s roles in producing a stable, affordable food system and managing the integrity of river ecosystems upon which future prosperity depends. Interventions are needed to prevent degradation of the Mekong Basin soil and water resources from large-scale agricultural intensification, water diversion and overbuilding of hydropower dams which are threats to small-scale land holdings and farmers and fishers capacities to provide daily food for their own consumption and to feed SE Asia’s growing urban populations.
