Hu et al explored the impact of comprehensive nursing model on swallowing function and quality of life in patients with ischemic stroke.They divided 172 patients into the control group(routine care)and the research gr...Hu et al explored the impact of comprehensive nursing model on swallowing function and quality of life in patients with ischemic stroke.They divided 172 patients into the control group(routine care)and the research group(comprehensive care),and used standard scales to evaluate the swallowing function,neurological deficit,anxiety and depression,daily living ability,and exercise of the two groups of patients before and after care.Changes in indicators of function,quality of life,and compliance.The results showed that compared with the control group,patients in the study group achieved significant improvements in various indicators,with a lower incidence of adverse reactions and higher satisfaction with care.These data suggest that the comprehensive nursing model can significantly improve the swallowing function,quality of life and satisfaction of patients with ischemic stroke.In the future,the development of comprehensive nursing models needs to focus on technological innovation,humanized services,continuing education and training,multi-disciplinary collaboration,optimal allocation of resources,standardized practice and evaluation,etc.,in order to improve nursing effects and promote the improvement of medical service quality.展开更多
TPP is not only a simple FTA but a "Sample Agreement" that has high hope from USTR (Office of the United States Trade Representative).There are those who are concerned that the TPP is an attempt by the Unite...TPP is not only a simple FTA but a "Sample Agreement" that has high hope from USTR (Office of the United States Trade Representative).There are those who are concerned that the TPP is an attempt by the United States to promote American hegemony.What is the true aim of TPP? Why does the United States push forward it? This article will offer some insights.展开更多
Based on analyzing the overlap appearance of random winding, basic principles of ribbon-free random winding and parametric selections for anti-overlap are discussed. The ribbon-free random winding control system and i...Based on analyzing the overlap appearance of random winding, basic principles of ribbon-free random winding and parametric selections for anti-overlap are discussed. The ribbon-free random winding control system and its related hardware construction as well as its software design are introduced by applying PCC technology to high speed spinning machine of synthetic filament.展开更多
Introduction Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging(RUSI)is on the rise among clinical rehabilitation of patients with varying ailments.The use of real-time ultrasound has increased the effectiveness of clinical techniques...Introduction Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging(RUSI)is on the rise among clinical rehabilitation of patients with varying ailments.The use of real-time ultrasound has increased the effectiveness of clinical techniques,improved clinical展开更多
Prof. Shan Zhaowei ( 单兆伟 ), the author's teacher,has been engaged in TCM for more than 30 years,with profound knowledge in the treatment of diseases of the spleen and stomach, which are introduced in the follow...Prof. Shan Zhaowei ( 单兆伟 ), the author's teacher,has been engaged in TCM for more than 30 years,with profound knowledge in the treatment of diseases of the spleen and stomach, which are introduced in the following.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate effect of Urenalobataleaves extract on glucagon like peptide-1(GLP-1)serum level by inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ(DPP-Ⅳ)on diabetic rat. METHODS This study uses control group post tes...OBJECTIVE To investigate effect of Urenalobataleaves extract on glucagon like peptide-1(GLP-1)serum level by inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ(DPP-Ⅳ)on diabetic rat. METHODS This study uses control group post test only with male spraque dawley rats.Diabetic rats was induced by High Fructose Diet(HFD)and single dose streptozotocin 25mg·kg-1 bw intra peritoneal.The rat was administrated orally with ethanolic extract of U.lobataleaves in dose of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 for 4weeks.Blood sample were collected from the tail vein at 15 min after oral glucose administration and then DPP-Ⅳserum level and GLP-1were examined using a rat elisa kits of DPP-Ⅳ and GLP-1.The data was analyzed using ANOVA test continued with LSD test(P<0.05).RESULTS The oral administration of U.lobataleaves extract at dose of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw were able to prolong GLP-1 bioavaibility approximately 5,2and 2.5-fold respectively compared to diabetic group(P<0.05),while the DPP-Ⅳ serum level was decreased by 60%,50% and 40%(P<0.05),respectively.In diabetic groups,DPP-Ⅳ serum level was increased more and less 4-fold compared to normal group(P<0.05)while the GLP level were decreased by 8-fold(P<0.05).CONCLUSION U.lobataleaves extract could prolong GLP-1 bioavaibility by reducing of DPP-Ⅳserum level.This effect may be related to active compounds that act as an DPP-Ⅳinhibitor in U.lobata extract.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the motility,dopamine,serotonin and pro-BDNF level of Centella asiatica(CA)comparable to the combination of levodopa and benzerazid HCL on zebrafish model Parkinson′s.METHODS Rotenone 5μg...OBJECTIVE To investigate the motility,dopamine,serotonin and pro-BDNF level of Centella asiatica(CA)comparable to the combination of levodopa and benzerazid HCL on zebrafish model Parkinson′s.METHODS Rotenone 5μg·L-1 induced to adult zebrafish(8months)for 28 dto made zebrafish model Parkinson′s.CA concentration were used 5 and 10μg·mL-1.The combination of levodopa 100 g and 25 mg benzerazid(L-DOPA agonist)was given at 1 μg·mL-1 at the same time to rotenone,and CA as well.Motility assessment conducted for every 7dstarted on day 0until day 28.Five fish were subjected in the 2L tank(25cm×16.5cm×12cm).Three vertical lines were drawn on the tank at equal distances,dividing the tank into four zones(the length of each zone was 6.25cm).Locomotor activity was measured for 5min by counting the number of lines that adult zebrafish crossed.Fish were sacrificed by decapitating on ice water.Dopamine level measured from whole brain by ELISA,serotonin and pro-BDNF by immunoreactivity at substantia nigra.RESULTS The locomotor activity of rotenone treated fish were significantly decrease starts at 7 dcompared to control group.Interestingly on 10μg·mL-1 group there are increasing motility start at day 7 and slightly decrease until day 28,but on L-DOPA group increasing motility at day 7 followed by decreasing motility significantly(P<0.05)until day 28.Dopamine level of rotenone group decreased compared to control group,CA 10μg·mL-1 and L-DOPA group increased significantly to rotenone group which CAμg·mL-1 higher than L-DOPA group.Serotonin and pro-BDNF level had the same profile.Its significantly increased on rotenone group compared to control group.Serotonin on group with CA administration significantly decreased compared to rotenone group,while rotenone plus CA 10μg·mL-1 had no significant differet to L-DOPA group(P>0.05).Pro-BDNF on rotenone with CA 5μg·mL-1 had no significant difference,while compare to rotenone with CA 10-1 μg·mLgroup and L-DOPA group were significantly different(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Rotenone produces reliable Parkinson′s zebrafish model by decreasing motility and dopamine level.CA was more stable,increasing motility than L-DOPA administration.CA and L-DOPA increased dopamine level,but decreasing serotonin and pro-BDNF.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To investigate the secondary metabolite flavonoids containing beside epigallo catechin 3-gallate(EGCG)from n-hexane,chloroform and ethanolic fraction,cytotoxic potential from some fractions of Scurrula artro...OBJECTIVE To investigate the secondary metabolite flavonoids containing beside epigallo catechin 3-gallate(EGCG)from n-hexane,chloroform and ethanolic fraction,cytotoxic potential from some fractions of Scurrula artropurpurea(Blume)Danser(SAD),and its potential as DNA methyl transferase(DNMT)inhibitor.METHODS To identify 3 isolate from different regions,Lawang and Lembang(plateau region),Wlingi(lowland region)by 3fractions(n-hexane,chloroform and ethanol)using thin layer chromatography(TLC)and a spectrometer.EGCG level measured by Liquid-Chromatography mass spectrophotometer(LC-MS).The viability of HeLa cells measured by MTT assay.Acridine ethidium-bromide staining was applied to evaluate cell death.Molecular docking conducted for DNMT inhibition by Autodock Vina using Pyrex0.8 programs and molecular interaction by ligand scout V 2.0 program.RESULTS The different region showed different secondary metabolite.SAD from Lawang and Lembang(both are polite)have similar active compound in n-hexan fraction(didhydroflavonol,flavonone,flavanone),chloroform fraction(dihydroflavonol,flavanone,catechin)and ethanolic fraction(flavonone,flavonol and EGCG).While Wlingi isolate have no dihydroflavonol in chloroform fraction,but flavone.We used Lawang isolate for next research to evaluate cytotoxicity potential for HeLa cells for 24 h.IC50chloroform fraction was the highest,followed by ethanol and nhexane fraction(96.16,298.82 and 489.66μg·mL-1,respectively).Index apoptosis were observed at half IC50 concentration of chloroform(99.97%),ethanol(66.79%)and n-hexane fractions(14.92%).In silico analysis showed some active compounds have specific binding site to the DNMT with low energy binding affinity such as-10.4for EGCG,-8.4for catechin,-8.2 for dihydroflavonol,-8.0 for flavone,-7.9 for flavonol and -7.8kcal·mol-1 for flavonone.The impact of of DNMT and bioactive compounds complex showed its potential for epigenetic manipulation such as demethylation.Inhibition of DNMT on ABCG2 gene could combat drug efflux which main problem of multidrug resistance in cervical cancer chemotherapy.CONCLUSION Chloroform fraction(without EGCG containing)have the highest potential for cytotoxic agent for Hela cells rather than ethanol and n-hexane fraction and could develop as chemotherapeutic agent due to its property against multi drugs resistance as well.展开更多
Childhood survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are increased risk of several chronic complications, such as second cancers, pulmonary, metabolic complications and cardiovascular disease. Obesity and metabol...Childhood survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are increased risk of several chronic complications, such as second cancers, pulmonary, metabolic complications and cardiovascular disease. Obesity and metabolic syndrome is one of the most common treatment related complication in children surviving cancer, which concurs with our nations childhood epidemic [1-3] Recent research has identified the role of genetics in the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome in childhood survivors of ALL. Growth hormone deficiency, Leptin regulation, fat mass obesity (FTO) gene and the insulin resistant ENPP1 variants disorders has been associated adverse effects of chemotherapeutic treatment and the cause of clinical manifestations of metabolic syndrome [4-8]. The illumination of the role of genetic variants can shed insights into obesity within high risk population, as well as, a target to prevent disease.展开更多
U.S.President Barack Obama igned an executive order n February 28,2012 to set p Interagency Trade Enforcement Center(ITEC) in a bid to coordinate with U.S.trade rights,and domestic trade laws enforcement matters. This...U.S.President Barack Obama igned an executive order n February 28,2012 to set p Interagency Trade Enforcement Center(ITEC) in a bid to coordinate with U.S.trade rights,and domestic trade laws enforcement matters. This can be seen as a more tightening protectionism sign for U.S.bilateral trade relation especially with China. As stated in the executive order。展开更多
Background: There is a complex interplay between women’s preferences, abortion services availability and the context in which these are provided. Even in countries where it is legal, denial of abortion is common, esp...Background: There is a complex interplay between women’s preferences, abortion services availability and the context in which these are provided. Even in countries where it is legal, denial of abortion is common, especially in low and middle income countries, forcing women to look for the service elsewhere and bringing serious consequences to the health and wellbeing of many women and their families. This non-systematic review pretends to answer the question: Which are the barriers to and facilitators for the access to legal abortion services in low and middle income countries? Methods: A non-systematic bibliographical review. Inclusion criteria: all quantitative, qualitative and evidence synthesis studies performed in low and middle income countries according to the World Bank classification for 2015 and published in English, Spanish and Portuguese language, between 2005 and 2017. Exclusion criteria: articles evaluating the efficacy of interventions, addressing the knowledge about abortion procedures among health care students and personnel, as well as those that only included sex workers. Results: The database search yield 199 articles in MEDLINE. 24 in Scopus and 38 in Scielo. A total of 22 articles including 15 countries from Africa (n = 6), Asia (n = 5), Central and South America (n = 3) and Europe (n = 1). The legal status of abortion in each of these countries was studied and described. For the analysis of the information, three categories of deepening were established: Laws and policies, Service delivery and Women’s abortion care-seeking behavior. Conclusion: the determinants of access to abortion in low and middle income countries are convoluted as multiple delays and barriers usually overlap. Similarly, stigmatization has a great impact across all the steps of abortion provision. Multiple facilitators were proposed in the three aspects of abortion provision, but they need to be adjusted depending on the context of each country.展开更多
Since the end of the Cold War both Russia and Japan have been attempting to build a new framework for their bilateral relations. As a result of the Ukraine crisis in 2014, Russia has shown greater interest in pivoting...Since the end of the Cold War both Russia and Japan have been attempting to build a new framework for their bilateral relations. As a result of the Ukraine crisis in 2014, Russia has shown greater interest in pivoting to the East, looking for partners in Northeast Asia. This has coincided with the Abe administration seeking to construct a strategic cooperative partnership with Russia in order to contain the rise of China. The changes in the relations between the two major powers will have profound influences on the security structure of Northeast Asia and the trends of regional hotspot issues.展开更多
The United States has been in economic depression since the onslaught of the financial crisis in 2008, with jobs as the top concern of the country＇s＇people and government. Job creation is also the focus of debate du...The United States has been in economic depression since the onslaught of the financial crisis in 2008, with jobs as the top concern of the country＇s＇people and government. Job creation is also the focus of debate during this American Presidential election. The unemployment rate has been above 8% since 2009, according to the statistics of U.S. Department of Labor. To stimulate the economy and increase the employment rate, the White House issued a slew of Acts, such as the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and the American Jobs Act of 2011. In these acts, were included Buy Americans Provisions, which is a stark trade protection measure. This policy is controversial both in the United States and outside the country, since it is said to be counterproductive in job creation.展开更多
Ever since the ancient times,the destiny of human beings has been closely connected to the oceans.As people know more and further develop the sea,the oceans play an increasingly important part in human civilization.
In this paper, we first look back at China’s grain production since reform and opening up and review the main factors of grain production at different stages. Secondly we find that the improvement of the per unit yie...In this paper, we first look back at China’s grain production since reform and opening up and review the main factors of grain production at different stages. Secondly we find that the improvement of the per unit yield has become a major factor in the increase of grain production, and that corn has become a major grain production support variety; compared with the other varieties, paddy rice is most vulnerable in production; grain production has increasingly become dependant on scientific and technological progress and the role of infrastructure. Thirdly, the transformation of low-yielding fields in the future, the development of reserve land resources and acceleration of scientific and technological progress – these factors together promote China's great potential for grain production; but through adjusting variety structure to promote grain production is nearly impossible. Finally, the main constraints of China’s future grain production are as follows: reduction of arable land and water shortages is becoming increasingly constrained; agricultural comparative advantage is low; opportunity cost is high and accelerating at the same time; and the uncertainties of (1) whether the agricultural inputs by government at all levels of can significantly increase the intensity; (2) whether support of the reform of grain production and systems can achieve breakthrough; and (3) whether the risk of the development of grain production can be effectively prevented. On this basis, we draw the relevant conclusions and policy recommendations.展开更多
As technology becomes increasingly integrated into the teaching and learning processes at the university level, it is imperative that research be conducted in relation to the impact of technology acquisition on minori...As technology becomes increasingly integrated into the teaching and learning processes at the university level, it is imperative that research be conducted in relation to the impact of technology acquisition on minority learning populations. Research suggests that we need to improve the ways technology is applied, adopted and introduced and that higher levels of support should be provided to minority and nontraditional learning populations as they immerse themselves into higher education environments. Avenues for discussion of cost-effective technology integration and transition are explored; data identifies a need for more effective selection and alignment of learning needs with learning tools earlier on in the process of technology implementation across campuses. Research suggests this supports student presence, persistence, retention and success. Without it, however, we fail to support the very learners we seek to provide higher levels of access and opportunity. This failure will impact learners and institutions alike by placing disadvantage populations in precarious positions and universities having to choose between cultural, economic and human capital. The paper is organized as follows： Section 1： Introduction; Section 2： Need for Understanding Minority Enrollment Patterns; Section 3： Analysis of Report Data; Section 4： Strategy; Section 5： Conclusions.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to use the model of service quality concepts to evaluate the service qualities of"community health centers"in order to find out the service quality gaps and thus reinforce the co...The purpose of this study is to use the model of service quality concepts to evaluate the service qualities of"community health centers"in order to find out the service quality gaps and thus reinforce the competitive edge.This study took Datong District Health Centre in Taipei city as the research object and performed a questionnaire survey with internal and external customers.In terms of internal customers(service staff),50 employees participated and a total number of 50 effective questionnaires were returned.In terms of external customers,convenience sampling was adopted to collect the questionnaires,679 answered questionnaires were returned,effective copies being 667.The research tool was the questionnaire that was designed mainly on the basis of SERVQUAL(the scale of service quality determinants)and with reference to the practical data of service process during its implementation at subject service departments.The findings included the conclusions such as"there exists significant effect between service quality and customer satisfaction","the biggest difference among service qualities is service performance gap(GAP3),showing that there is still a room for improvement regarding the service provided at the health centre"and"different demographic variables have significant effects on customer satisfactions,e.g.higher age groups,lower education level and jobless people have lower satisfaction on the service received".The research result can be provided to relevant organisations as a reference for improvement.展开更多
This manuscript from Hollinshead and Vellah calls for researchers in Tourism Studies and related Fields to reflect upon their own role in refreshing the social imaginaries of“after-colonialism”under the nomadisms of...This manuscript from Hollinshead and Vellah calls for researchers in Tourism Studies and related Fields to reflect upon their own role in refreshing the social imaginaries of“after-colonialism”under the nomadisms of our time.Deleuzian in outlook,it positions the“post”of postcolonialism not as an end to colonialism’s imperatives but as a generative-portal through which new-seeds-of-”becoming”are discernable as the postidentities(rather than the“identities”)of populations are interpretable in multidirectional,non-hierarchical,and not easily-predictable ways.In provoking(after Deleuze)thought per rhizomatic processes(rather than via fixed concepts),the manuscript-critiquing these dynamic matters of“postidentity”-then harnesses the insights of(Leela)Ghandi’s on hybrid-nomadic-subjects,and of Venn on alternative-(com)possible-futures.Thereafter,these concerns of and about“after-colonialism”are critically contextualised within Aboriginal“Australia”,via the views of a pool of Indigenous intellectuals there,who synthesise the disruptive dialectics of belonging-cum-aspiration which they maintain that they and fellow Aboriginal people(of many sorts)face today.Throughout this manuscript,the agency and authority of tourism hovers in its sometimes-manifest/sometimes-latent generative power to project empowering postidentities for the world’s“host”or“visited”populations today.展开更多
Ilha Grande Bay is one of the biggest producers of bivalves of Rio de Janeiro State. Statistics reports of foodborne diseases are quite low in Brazil, however, this fact is a matter of Public Health. In their majority...Ilha Grande Bay is one of the biggest producers of bivalves of Rio de Janeiro State. Statistics reports of foodborne diseases are quite low in Brazil, however, this fact is a matter of Public Health. In their majority concerning consumption of bivalves meat, the availability of safe products requires the use of technology as food irradiation. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the presence of bacteria resulting from the environmental contamination and epidemiological importance, Salmonella spp., total and faecal coliforms of mussel （Perna perna） from that region and the use of irradiation on the product in natura. Fifteen indicative samples of mussel were collected from five gr owing points in Ilha Grande Bay. A sample of each point was irradiated with doses of 1.0 and 1.5 kGy. The bacteriological analysis followed the instructions of the Brazilian legislation. The samples presented irregularities in relation to Salmonella spp. and faecal coliforms, the latter for the control group. The control group was noticed as not appropriate for consumption. The dose of 1.0 kGy was effective for the reduction of faecal coliforms, but ineffective for the extinction of Salmonella spp.展开更多
基金Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Universities,No.2023AH040411.
文摘Hu et al explored the impact of comprehensive nursing model on swallowing function and quality of life in patients with ischemic stroke.They divided 172 patients into the control group(routine care)and the research group(comprehensive care),and used standard scales to evaluate the swallowing function,neurological deficit,anxiety and depression,daily living ability,and exercise of the two groups of patients before and after care.Changes in indicators of function,quality of life,and compliance.The results showed that compared with the control group,patients in the study group achieved significant improvements in various indicators,with a lower incidence of adverse reactions and higher satisfaction with care.These data suggest that the comprehensive nursing model can significantly improve the swallowing function,quality of life and satisfaction of patients with ischemic stroke.In the future,the development of comprehensive nursing models needs to focus on technological innovation,humanized services,continuing education and training,multi-disciplinary collaboration,optimal allocation of resources,standardized practice and evaluation,etc.,in order to improve nursing effects and promote the improvement of medical service quality.
文摘TPP is not only a simple FTA but a "Sample Agreement" that has high hope from USTR (Office of the United States Trade Representative).There are those who are concerned that the TPP is an attempt by the United States to promote American hegemony.What is the true aim of TPP? Why does the United States push forward it? This article will offer some insights.
文摘Based on analyzing the overlap appearance of random winding, basic principles of ribbon-free random winding and parametric selections for anti-overlap are discussed. The ribbon-free random winding control system and its related hardware construction as well as its software design are introduced by applying PCC technology to high speed spinning machine of synthetic filament.
文摘Introduction Rehabilitative Ultrasound Imaging(RUSI)is on the rise among clinical rehabilitation of patients with varying ailments.The use of real-time ultrasound has increased the effectiveness of clinical techniques,improved clinical
文摘Prof. Shan Zhaowei ( 单兆伟 ), the author's teacher,has been engaged in TCM for more than 30 years,with profound knowledge in the treatment of diseases of the spleen and stomach, which are introduced in the following.
基金The project supported by Education Ministry of Indonesia
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate effect of Urenalobataleaves extract on glucagon like peptide-1(GLP-1)serum level by inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-Ⅳ(DPP-Ⅳ)on diabetic rat. METHODS This study uses control group post test only with male spraque dawley rats.Diabetic rats was induced by High Fructose Diet(HFD)and single dose streptozotocin 25mg·kg-1 bw intra peritoneal.The rat was administrated orally with ethanolic extract of U.lobataleaves in dose of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 for 4weeks.Blood sample were collected from the tail vein at 15 min after oral glucose administration and then DPP-Ⅳserum level and GLP-1were examined using a rat elisa kits of DPP-Ⅳ and GLP-1.The data was analyzed using ANOVA test continued with LSD test(P<0.05).RESULTS The oral administration of U.lobataleaves extract at dose of 250,500 and 1000mg·kg-1 bw were able to prolong GLP-1 bioavaibility approximately 5,2and 2.5-fold respectively compared to diabetic group(P<0.05),while the DPP-Ⅳ serum level was decreased by 60%,50% and 40%(P<0.05),respectively.In diabetic groups,DPP-Ⅳ serum level was increased more and less 4-fold compared to normal group(P<0.05)while the GLP level were decreased by 8-fold(P<0.05).CONCLUSION U.lobataleaves extract could prolong GLP-1 bioavaibility by reducing of DPP-Ⅳserum level.This effect may be related to active compounds that act as an DPP-Ⅳinhibitor in U.lobata extract.
基金The project supported by Directorate General of Higher Education,Ministry of Education and Research Technology of Indonesia,Through Fundamental Research grant 2014
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the motility,dopamine,serotonin and pro-BDNF level of Centella asiatica(CA)comparable to the combination of levodopa and benzerazid HCL on zebrafish model Parkinson′s.METHODS Rotenone 5μg·L-1 induced to adult zebrafish(8months)for 28 dto made zebrafish model Parkinson′s.CA concentration were used 5 and 10μg·mL-1.The combination of levodopa 100 g and 25 mg benzerazid(L-DOPA agonist)was given at 1 μg·mL-1 at the same time to rotenone,and CA as well.Motility assessment conducted for every 7dstarted on day 0until day 28.Five fish were subjected in the 2L tank(25cm×16.5cm×12cm).Three vertical lines were drawn on the tank at equal distances,dividing the tank into four zones(the length of each zone was 6.25cm).Locomotor activity was measured for 5min by counting the number of lines that adult zebrafish crossed.Fish were sacrificed by decapitating on ice water.Dopamine level measured from whole brain by ELISA,serotonin and pro-BDNF by immunoreactivity at substantia nigra.RESULTS The locomotor activity of rotenone treated fish were significantly decrease starts at 7 dcompared to control group.Interestingly on 10μg·mL-1 group there are increasing motility start at day 7 and slightly decrease until day 28,but on L-DOPA group increasing motility at day 7 followed by decreasing motility significantly(P<0.05)until day 28.Dopamine level of rotenone group decreased compared to control group,CA 10μg·mL-1 and L-DOPA group increased significantly to rotenone group which CAμg·mL-1 higher than L-DOPA group.Serotonin and pro-BDNF level had the same profile.Its significantly increased on rotenone group compared to control group.Serotonin on group with CA administration significantly decreased compared to rotenone group,while rotenone plus CA 10μg·mL-1 had no significant differet to L-DOPA group(P>0.05).Pro-BDNF on rotenone with CA 5μg·mL-1 had no significant difference,while compare to rotenone with CA 10-1 μg·mLgroup and L-DOPA group were significantly different(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Rotenone produces reliable Parkinson′s zebrafish model by decreasing motility and dopamine level.CA was more stable,increasing motility than L-DOPA administration.CA and L-DOPA increased dopamine level,but decreasing serotonin and pro-BDNF.
基金The project supported by Research Development Unit of Medical Faculty,Brawijaya University 2014
文摘OBJECTIVE To investigate the secondary metabolite flavonoids containing beside epigallo catechin 3-gallate(EGCG)from n-hexane,chloroform and ethanolic fraction,cytotoxic potential from some fractions of Scurrula artropurpurea(Blume)Danser(SAD),and its potential as DNA methyl transferase(DNMT)inhibitor.METHODS To identify 3 isolate from different regions,Lawang and Lembang(plateau region),Wlingi(lowland region)by 3fractions(n-hexane,chloroform and ethanol)using thin layer chromatography(TLC)and a spectrometer.EGCG level measured by Liquid-Chromatography mass spectrophotometer(LC-MS).The viability of HeLa cells measured by MTT assay.Acridine ethidium-bromide staining was applied to evaluate cell death.Molecular docking conducted for DNMT inhibition by Autodock Vina using Pyrex0.8 programs and molecular interaction by ligand scout V 2.0 program.RESULTS The different region showed different secondary metabolite.SAD from Lawang and Lembang(both are polite)have similar active compound in n-hexan fraction(didhydroflavonol,flavonone,flavanone),chloroform fraction(dihydroflavonol,flavanone,catechin)and ethanolic fraction(flavonone,flavonol and EGCG).While Wlingi isolate have no dihydroflavonol in chloroform fraction,but flavone.We used Lawang isolate for next research to evaluate cytotoxicity potential for HeLa cells for 24 h.IC50chloroform fraction was the highest,followed by ethanol and nhexane fraction(96.16,298.82 and 489.66μg·mL-1,respectively).Index apoptosis were observed at half IC50 concentration of chloroform(99.97%),ethanol(66.79%)and n-hexane fractions(14.92%).In silico analysis showed some active compounds have specific binding site to the DNMT with low energy binding affinity such as-10.4for EGCG,-8.4for catechin,-8.2 for dihydroflavonol,-8.0 for flavone,-7.9 for flavonol and -7.8kcal·mol-1 for flavonone.The impact of of DNMT and bioactive compounds complex showed its potential for epigenetic manipulation such as demethylation.Inhibition of DNMT on ABCG2 gene could combat drug efflux which main problem of multidrug resistance in cervical cancer chemotherapy.CONCLUSION Chloroform fraction(without EGCG containing)have the highest potential for cytotoxic agent for Hela cells rather than ethanol and n-hexane fraction and could develop as chemotherapeutic agent due to its property against multi drugs resistance as well.
文摘Childhood survivors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are increased risk of several chronic complications, such as second cancers, pulmonary, metabolic complications and cardiovascular disease. Obesity and metabolic syndrome is one of the most common treatment related complication in children surviving cancer, which concurs with our nations childhood epidemic [1-3] Recent research has identified the role of genetics in the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome in childhood survivors of ALL. Growth hormone deficiency, Leptin regulation, fat mass obesity (FTO) gene and the insulin resistant ENPP1 variants disorders has been associated adverse effects of chemotherapeutic treatment and the cause of clinical manifestations of metabolic syndrome [4-8]. The illumination of the role of genetic variants can shed insights into obesity within high risk population, as well as, a target to prevent disease.
文摘U.S.President Barack Obama igned an executive order n February 28,2012 to set p Interagency Trade Enforcement Center(ITEC) in a bid to coordinate with U.S.trade rights,and domestic trade laws enforcement matters. This can be seen as a more tightening protectionism sign for U.S.bilateral trade relation especially with China. As stated in the executive order。
文摘Background: There is a complex interplay between women’s preferences, abortion services availability and the context in which these are provided. Even in countries where it is legal, denial of abortion is common, especially in low and middle income countries, forcing women to look for the service elsewhere and bringing serious consequences to the health and wellbeing of many women and their families. This non-systematic review pretends to answer the question: Which are the barriers to and facilitators for the access to legal abortion services in low and middle income countries? Methods: A non-systematic bibliographical review. Inclusion criteria: all quantitative, qualitative and evidence synthesis studies performed in low and middle income countries according to the World Bank classification for 2015 and published in English, Spanish and Portuguese language, between 2005 and 2017. Exclusion criteria: articles evaluating the efficacy of interventions, addressing the knowledge about abortion procedures among health care students and personnel, as well as those that only included sex workers. Results: The database search yield 199 articles in MEDLINE. 24 in Scopus and 38 in Scielo. A total of 22 articles including 15 countries from Africa (n = 6), Asia (n = 5), Central and South America (n = 3) and Europe (n = 1). The legal status of abortion in each of these countries was studied and described. For the analysis of the information, three categories of deepening were established: Laws and policies, Service delivery and Women’s abortion care-seeking behavior. Conclusion: the determinants of access to abortion in low and middle income countries are convoluted as multiple delays and barriers usually overlap. Similarly, stigmatization has a great impact across all the steps of abortion provision. Multiple facilitators were proposed in the three aspects of abortion provision, but they need to be adjusted depending on the context of each country.
文摘Since the end of the Cold War both Russia and Japan have been attempting to build a new framework for their bilateral relations. As a result of the Ukraine crisis in 2014, Russia has shown greater interest in pivoting to the East, looking for partners in Northeast Asia. This has coincided with the Abe administration seeking to construct a strategic cooperative partnership with Russia in order to contain the rise of China. The changes in the relations between the two major powers will have profound influences on the security structure of Northeast Asia and the trends of regional hotspot issues.
文摘The United States has been in economic depression since the onslaught of the financial crisis in 2008, with jobs as the top concern of the country＇s＇people and government. Job creation is also the focus of debate during this American Presidential election. The unemployment rate has been above 8% since 2009, according to the statistics of U.S. Department of Labor. To stimulate the economy and increase the employment rate, the White House issued a slew of Acts, such as the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 and the American Jobs Act of 2011. In these acts, were included Buy Americans Provisions, which is a stark trade protection measure. This policy is controversial both in the United States and outside the country, since it is said to be counterproductive in job creation.
文摘Ever since the ancient times,the destiny of human beings has been closely connected to the oceans.As people know more and further develop the sea,the oceans play an increasingly important part in human civilization.
文摘In this paper, we first look back at China’s grain production since reform and opening up and review the main factors of grain production at different stages. Secondly we find that the improvement of the per unit yield has become a major factor in the increase of grain production, and that corn has become a major grain production support variety; compared with the other varieties, paddy rice is most vulnerable in production; grain production has increasingly become dependant on scientific and technological progress and the role of infrastructure. Thirdly, the transformation of low-yielding fields in the future, the development of reserve land resources and acceleration of scientific and technological progress – these factors together promote China's great potential for grain production; but through adjusting variety structure to promote grain production is nearly impossible. Finally, the main constraints of China’s future grain production are as follows: reduction of arable land and water shortages is becoming increasingly constrained; agricultural comparative advantage is low; opportunity cost is high and accelerating at the same time; and the uncertainties of (1) whether the agricultural inputs by government at all levels of can significantly increase the intensity; (2) whether support of the reform of grain production and systems can achieve breakthrough; and (3) whether the risk of the development of grain production can be effectively prevented. On this basis, we draw the relevant conclusions and policy recommendations.
文摘As technology becomes increasingly integrated into the teaching and learning processes at the university level, it is imperative that research be conducted in relation to the impact of technology acquisition on minority learning populations. Research suggests that we need to improve the ways technology is applied, adopted and introduced and that higher levels of support should be provided to minority and nontraditional learning populations as they immerse themselves into higher education environments. Avenues for discussion of cost-effective technology integration and transition are explored; data identifies a need for more effective selection and alignment of learning needs with learning tools earlier on in the process of technology implementation across campuses. Research suggests this supports student presence, persistence, retention and success. Without it, however, we fail to support the very learners we seek to provide higher levels of access and opportunity. This failure will impact learners and institutions alike by placing disadvantage populations in precarious positions and universities having to choose between cultural, economic and human capital. The paper is organized as follows： Section 1： Introduction; Section 2： Need for Understanding Minority Enrollment Patterns; Section 3： Analysis of Report Data; Section 4： Strategy; Section 5： Conclusions.
文摘The purpose of this study is to use the model of service quality concepts to evaluate the service qualities of"community health centers"in order to find out the service quality gaps and thus reinforce the competitive edge.This study took Datong District Health Centre in Taipei city as the research object and performed a questionnaire survey with internal and external customers.In terms of internal customers(service staff),50 employees participated and a total number of 50 effective questionnaires were returned.In terms of external customers,convenience sampling was adopted to collect the questionnaires,679 answered questionnaires were returned,effective copies being 667.The research tool was the questionnaire that was designed mainly on the basis of SERVQUAL(the scale of service quality determinants)and with reference to the practical data of service process during its implementation at subject service departments.The findings included the conclusions such as"there exists significant effect between service quality and customer satisfaction","the biggest difference among service qualities is service performance gap(GAP3),showing that there is still a room for improvement regarding the service provided at the health centre"and"different demographic variables have significant effects on customer satisfactions,e.g.higher age groups,lower education level and jobless people have lower satisfaction on the service received".The research result can be provided to relevant organisations as a reference for improvement.
文摘This manuscript from Hollinshead and Vellah calls for researchers in Tourism Studies and related Fields to reflect upon their own role in refreshing the social imaginaries of“after-colonialism”under the nomadisms of our time.Deleuzian in outlook,it positions the“post”of postcolonialism not as an end to colonialism’s imperatives but as a generative-portal through which new-seeds-of-”becoming”are discernable as the postidentities(rather than the“identities”)of populations are interpretable in multidirectional,non-hierarchical,and not easily-predictable ways.In provoking(after Deleuze)thought per rhizomatic processes(rather than via fixed concepts),the manuscript-critiquing these dynamic matters of“postidentity”-then harnesses the insights of(Leela)Ghandi’s on hybrid-nomadic-subjects,and of Venn on alternative-(com)possible-futures.Thereafter,these concerns of and about“after-colonialism”are critically contextualised within Aboriginal“Australia”,via the views of a pool of Indigenous intellectuals there,who synthesise the disruptive dialectics of belonging-cum-aspiration which they maintain that they and fellow Aboriginal people(of many sorts)face today.Throughout this manuscript,the agency and authority of tourism hovers in its sometimes-manifest/sometimes-latent generative power to project empowering postidentities for the world’s“host”or“visited”populations today.
文摘Ilha Grande Bay is one of the biggest producers of bivalves of Rio de Janeiro State. Statistics reports of foodborne diseases are quite low in Brazil, however, this fact is a matter of Public Health. In their majority concerning consumption of bivalves meat, the availability of safe products requires the use of technology as food irradiation. The objective of this paper was to evaluate the presence of bacteria resulting from the environmental contamination and epidemiological importance, Salmonella spp., total and faecal coliforms of mussel （Perna perna） from that region and the use of irradiation on the product in natura. Fifteen indicative samples of mussel were collected from five gr owing points in Ilha Grande Bay. A sample of each point was irradiated with doses of 1.0 and 1.5 kGy. The bacteriological analysis followed the instructions of the Brazilian legislation. The samples presented irregularities in relation to Salmonella spp. and faecal coliforms, the latter for the control group. The control group was noticed as not appropriate for consumption. The dose of 1.0 kGy was effective for the reduction of faecal coliforms, but ineffective for the extinction of Salmonella spp.
