The community forest program in Nepal is one of the successful conservation initiatives.Tree species in a forest ecosystem have a fundamental role in maintaining the vegetation structure,complexity,and heterogeneity.T...The community forest program in Nepal is one of the successful conservation initiatives.Tree species in a forest ecosystem have a fundamental role in maintaining the vegetation structure,complexity,and heterogeneity.This study analyzes the composition and regeneration of tree species in five community forests(CFs)of the sub-tropical region,Lamjung district,Nepal for preparing baseline data for long-term research projects and helps the community to manage their CFs scientifically.Tree species data were generated by stratified random sampling using 35 quadrate plots(size:20 m x 20 m).The density of adult trees in the forests ranged from 575 Ind ha^(-1)(Tilahar CF)to 1196 Ind/ha(Deurali Thadopakha CF).The sapling ranged from 2533 Ind ha^(-1)(Tilahar CF)to 4000 Ind ha^(-1)(Thuliban CF)and seedling from 19583 Ind ha^(-1)(Tilahar CF)to 37500 Ind ha^(-1)(Thuliban CF).Similarly,the adult tree basal area varied from 28.34 m^(2) ha^(-1)(Tilahar CF)to 49 m^(2) ha^(-1)(Deurali CF).The adult tree diversity index(Shannon-Weiner’s H)also ranged from 1.08(Thuliban CF)to 1.88(Tilahar CF).The tree species such as Sapium insigne,Ficus benghalensis,Lagerstroemia parviflore,Albizia sp.and Pinus roxburghii were weak regeneration.In general,the forests have good regeneration status except for Tilahar Community Forest,but based on the DBH size class distribution diagram,there is no sustainable regeneration.Among the five community forests the DBH size of adults was significantly different,and the DBH of Deurali Thadopakha was the lowest.But only few species have good regeneration and most of the species have weak,poor to no regeneration.The dominancy of fewer species like Shorea robusta,Castanopsis indica,and Schima wallichii accordingly maintain the overall regeneration of tree of CFs,so further plantation needs to be done inside the CF by triage accordingly those species whose regeneration has poor.展开更多
Human-wildlife conflict has been one of the most trouble-causing issues in many areas of Nepal including Eastern Nepal. This study assessed the human-wildlife conflict status in Paschim Kusaha Village of Koshi Tappu W...Human-wildlife conflict has been one of the most trouble-causing issues in many areas of Nepal including Eastern Nepal. This study assessed the human-wildlife conflict status in Paschim Kusaha Village of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve(KTWR), Sunsari District, Nepal. Data were collected from 47 respondents of different households through questionnaire surveys and formal and informal interviews. Results revealed that the most destructive wild animals were wild elephants, wild boar,and wild water buffalo and the most raided crops were paddy(63.83 %), maize(19.15%), and potato(17.02%). Most of the encounters between humans and wildlife were recorded at night(after dusk and before dawn)(78.72%). Local people were suffering from damage of physical properties, human harassment or nuisance, and depredation of cropland due to wild animals.A total of 70% of respondents had a positive attitude towards conservation despite disturbing human mortality records(22deaths in the last five years) from the reserve area and surrounding. Awareness of wildlife behavior together with conservation and easy access to compensation schemes were suggested to minimize conflicts in the area.展开更多
文摘The community forest program in Nepal is one of the successful conservation initiatives.Tree species in a forest ecosystem have a fundamental role in maintaining the vegetation structure,complexity,and heterogeneity.This study analyzes the composition and regeneration of tree species in five community forests(CFs)of the sub-tropical region,Lamjung district,Nepal for preparing baseline data for long-term research projects and helps the community to manage their CFs scientifically.Tree species data were generated by stratified random sampling using 35 quadrate plots(size:20 m x 20 m).The density of adult trees in the forests ranged from 575 Ind ha^(-1)(Tilahar CF)to 1196 Ind/ha(Deurali Thadopakha CF).The sapling ranged from 2533 Ind ha^(-1)(Tilahar CF)to 4000 Ind ha^(-1)(Thuliban CF)and seedling from 19583 Ind ha^(-1)(Tilahar CF)to 37500 Ind ha^(-1)(Thuliban CF).Similarly,the adult tree basal area varied from 28.34 m^(2) ha^(-1)(Tilahar CF)to 49 m^(2) ha^(-1)(Deurali CF).The adult tree diversity index(Shannon-Weiner’s H)also ranged from 1.08(Thuliban CF)to 1.88(Tilahar CF).The tree species such as Sapium insigne,Ficus benghalensis,Lagerstroemia parviflore,Albizia sp.and Pinus roxburghii were weak regeneration.In general,the forests have good regeneration status except for Tilahar Community Forest,but based on the DBH size class distribution diagram,there is no sustainable regeneration.Among the five community forests the DBH size of adults was significantly different,and the DBH of Deurali Thadopakha was the lowest.But only few species have good regeneration and most of the species have weak,poor to no regeneration.The dominancy of fewer species like Shorea robusta,Castanopsis indica,and Schima wallichii accordingly maintain the overall regeneration of tree of CFs,so further plantation needs to be done inside the CF by triage accordingly those species whose regeneration has poor.
文摘Human-wildlife conflict has been one of the most trouble-causing issues in many areas of Nepal including Eastern Nepal. This study assessed the human-wildlife conflict status in Paschim Kusaha Village of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve(KTWR), Sunsari District, Nepal. Data were collected from 47 respondents of different households through questionnaire surveys and formal and informal interviews. Results revealed that the most destructive wild animals were wild elephants, wild boar,and wild water buffalo and the most raided crops were paddy(63.83 %), maize(19.15%), and potato(17.02%). Most of the encounters between humans and wildlife were recorded at night(after dusk and before dawn)(78.72%). Local people were suffering from damage of physical properties, human harassment or nuisance, and depredation of cropland due to wild animals.A total of 70% of respondents had a positive attitude towards conservation despite disturbing human mortality records(22deaths in the last five years) from the reserve area and surrounding. Awareness of wildlife behavior together with conservation and easy access to compensation schemes were suggested to minimize conflicts in the area.
