Objective To prepare artificial antigens and anti-citrinin egg yolk-derived immunoglobulin （IgY） to build an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） for citrinin （CTN）. Methods CTN was conjugated with bovine s...Objective To prepare artificial antigens and anti-citrinin egg yolk-derived immunoglobulin （IgY） to build an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） for citrinin （CTN）. Methods CTN was conjugated with bovine serum albumin （BSA）, ovalbumin （OVA） with formaldehyde condensation method to prepare artificial antigens and identified by ultraviolet （UV） spectrometry and Infrared （IR） spectrometry. Artificial antigens for CTN and anti-CTN IgY were purified with polyethylene glycol two-step precipitation method and identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE）. ELISA with IgY was established. Cross-reactivity of IgY with various structural similarities to CTN and possible co-occurrence with CTN in agricultural commodities were studied. Results UV and IR absorption spectra suggested that CTN was correlated with the carrier protein of BSA or OVA. SDS-PAGE patterns showed that the anti-CTN IgY was almost pure with a molecular weight of approximate 100 KD. The indirect competitive ELISA showed that the detection limit of CTN was 10 ng·mL^-1, with a good linearity ranging 20-640 ng·mL^-1. Conclusion Artificial antigens of CTN can be successfully synthesized. The established ELISA can be used to determine CTN- contaminated samples.展开更多
A novel reverse microemulsion method was used to prepare SnO2/MgO and SnO2/CaO catalysts. It was found that both the catalysts were active for the reaction of catalytic oxidation of dimethyl ether （DME） in the tempe...A novel reverse microemulsion method was used to prepare SnO2/MgO and SnO2/CaO catalysts. It was found that both the catalysts were active for the reaction of catalytic oxidation of dimethyl ether （DME） in the temperature range of 275 to 300 ℃. SnO2/CaO catalyst exhibits much higher activity than SnO2/MgO. On SnO2/CaO catalyst, DME conversion of 21.8% was obtained at 300℃, while selectivities to methyl formate （MF） and dimethoxyethane （DMET） of 19.1% and 59.0% respectively were obtained at 275 ℃.展开更多
Novel titanium-doped silicone resins were synthesized from low-cost silane monomers and tetrabutyl titanate as raw materials and hydrochloric acid as catalyst, with titanium element as dopant into principal chain of S...Novel titanium-doped silicone resins were synthesized from low-cost silane monomers and tetrabutyl titanate as raw materials and hydrochloric acid as catalyst, with titanium element as dopant into principal chain of Si-O-Si. The resins were characterized by means of FTIR, IH NMR and 13C NMR spectra, their thermal properties and curing properties were investigated and their corresponding films were determined. The results show that the thermal stability and storage stability of the resins were influenced by the types of silane monomers containing dif- ferent carbon atomicities of organic group. The thermal stability of the titanium-doped silicone resin with a molar ratio of silane monomer B（n-propyl triethoxysilane） to silane monomer C（n-octyl triethoxysilane） being 1：1 is superior to that of the resin with a molar ratio of silane monomer B to silane monomer C being 1：3. However, the storage stability of the former is inferior to that of the latter. This work also showed that the synthesized titanium-doped silicone resins have the highest thermal stability up to 450--500℃ with an atomicity molar ratio of 1：4 of titanium to silicon in the reactants. But the best storage stability of the resin prepared from the reactants with an atomicity molar ratio of 1：6[n（Ti）：n（Si）] was obtained. The effect of the type and content of curing agent on the curing properties of the resin was also studied. Moreover, thermal mechanism and curing mechanism were proposed in this work.展开更多
Semi-interpenetrating network（semi-IPN） hydrogels composed of sodium carboxylmethylcellulose（NaCMC） and poly N-isopropylacrylamide（PNIPAm） were prepared by free radical polymerization of N-isopropyl acrylamide（...Semi-interpenetrating network（semi-IPN） hydrogels composed of sodium carboxylmethylcellulose（NaCMC） and poly N-isopropylacrylamide（PNIPAm） were prepared by free radical polymerization of N-isopropyl acrylamide（NIPAm） in dimethylsulfoxide（DMSO） in the presence of NaCMC. The structures of hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）. SEM images show that the hydrogels present porous network structures. Most water in the hydrogels were free water and freezing water. The equilibrium swelling ratio（ESR） and swelling rate（SR） were quite different at various swelling temperature. ESR of the hydrogels ranged abruptly from 15.2 g/g to 1.56 g/g and the hydrogels changed from transparent into opaque with swelling temperature changing from 33 ℃ to 34 ℃, that is to say, the hydrogels exhibited the good temperature sensitivity at about 33 ℃ similar to low critical solution temperature（LCST） of pure PNIPAm, swelling rate were very different at below and above LCST due to hydrogel swelling with different swelling mechanism. Moreover, the semi-IPN hydrogels swelled much rapidly than pure PNIPAm hydrogels did at room temperature, the equillibrium swelling ratio（ESR） and swelling rate of the hydrogels increased with increasing of NaCMC content, i e. It is suggested that NaCMC could be potential for preparation of porous and rapid swelling hydrogels展开更多
Microcapsules of salicylic acid （SA） with chitosan were prepared by spray drying method. Various analytical methods were used to characterize the nature of microcapsules. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy （F...Microcapsules of salicylic acid （SA） with chitosan were prepared by spray drying method. Various analytical methods were used to characterize the nature of microcapsules. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） confirmed the presence of intermolecular interactions between chitosan and SA. Particle size analysis showed that the average size ofmicrocapsules ranged from 2 to 20 pro, Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） studies indicated that the microspheres were spherical and had a relatively smooth surface. Microbiological assay of antibacterial activity for SA and its microcapsules was measured using different bacterial strains. It was found that the antibacterial activity of SA was improved after the formation of microcapsules. The in vitro release profile showed that the microcapsules could control SA release from I h to 4 h. Kinetic studies revealed that the release pattern follows Korsmeyer-Peppas mechanism. Enhanced antibacterial activity of the SA micro- capsules was attributed to the synergistic effects of intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions N-H...O and O-H...O=C between SA and chitosan. It was also confirmed by quantum chemical calculation.展开更多
To compare the protein difference between B. henselae Houston and B. henselae Marseille by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Method Protein samples were prepared by vorterx, ultrasonic treatment, and centrifugation...To compare the protein difference between B. henselae Houston and B. henselae Marseille by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Method Protein samples were prepared by vorterx, ultrasonic treatment, and centrifugation. Protein concentrations were determined by Bradford method. Protein difference was compared by the first IEF and the second SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results Protein concentrations in samples of Bartonella henselae Houston and Bartonella henselae Marseille were 2.117 μg/μL and 2.200 μg/μL respectively. Sample protein of 40 μg for IPG strips loading was perfect. The results of 2-DE in pH 4 to 7 IPG strips showed that the total protein spots of Bartonella henselae Houston and Bartonella henselae Marseille were 375 and 379 respectively, 95% of the spots were the same between the two strains of Bartonella henselae. Conclusion The procedure of 2-DE may prove successful for the proteomic analysis of Bartonella henselae. Bartonella henselae Houston and Bartonella henselae Marseille are different genotypes.展开更多
Insoluble β-cyclodextrin polymers were prepared from β-cyclodextrin(β-CD) using epichlorohydrin(EPI) as crosslinking agent under basic conditions.The polymers were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR),...Insoluble β-cyclodextrin polymers were prepared from β-cyclodextrin(β-CD) using epichlorohydrin(EPI) as crosslinking agent under basic conditions.The polymers were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR),Thermogravimetry(TG),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and TG-FTIR.The results demonstrated that the polym-erization between EPI and β-CD indeed occurred,and a number of CD rings were interconnected to form a three-dimensional network.Moreover,different factors influencing the polymerization,e.g.molar ratio of EPI to β-CD,the concentration of NaOH and reaction temperature,have been investigated.The polymer prepared under the optimal conditions(the molar ratio EPI:β-CD of 44,the NaOH concentration 50% in mass,and the temperature at 65 ℃) showed excellent thermal stability and insolubility in organic solvents or strong acid/base.In addition,the β-cyclodextrin polymers also presented high catalytic activity for aqueous oxidation of benzyl alcohol with hy-pochlorite as oxidant.展开更多
Ho-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with higher photocatalytic activity were prepared by an acid-catalyzed sol-gel method. The photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange in aqueous solution was used as a probe reaction to ...Ho-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with higher photocatalytic activity were prepared by an acid-catalyzed sol-gel method. The photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange in aqueous solution was used as a probe reaction to evaluate their photocatalytic activities. The effects of Ho doping on the crystallite sizes, crystal pattern, surface composition, and optical property of the catalysts were investigated by means of techniques such as X-Ray Diffraction （XRD）, Transmission Electron Microscopy （TEM）, Diffuse Reflectance UV-Vis Spectroscopy （UV-Vis DRS）, Fourier Transform Infrared （FT-IR）, and Photo-Luminiscence （PL） spectra. Moreover, the modification mechanism of Ho doping was also discussed. The results showed that Ho doping could inhibit phase transformation from anatase to rntile, suppress the growth of TiO2 grains, cause blue shift of the absorption spectrum edge, accelerate surface hydroxylation, and enhance the separation efficiency of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, which resulted in a significant improvement in the photoreactivity of Ho-doped TiO2. Among them, the Ho-doped TiO2 calcined at 500℃ achieved the highest photocatalytic activity.展开更多
Study on catalytic combustive reaction of dimethyl ether as a new fuel was presented.Hexaaluminate catalysts were used to reduce ignition temperature so that dimethyl ether completely combusted at low temperature.Hexa...Study on catalytic combustive reaction of dimethyl ether as a new fuel was presented.Hexaaluminate catalysts were used to reduce ignition temperature so that dimethyl ether completely combusted at low temperature.Hexaaluminate catalysts MnLaAl_(11)O_(19-δ)were prepared by reverse microemulsion method.Crystalline phase and structure of the catalyst were analysed by means of TG-DTA,XRD and BET.The results show that the hexaalunminate is of magnetoplumbite structure when La is taken as mirror plane cation.Hexaalunminate phase is formed slowly via 1050℃calcined for 4 h and it can keep hexaaluminate phase and high surface area of 48 m^(2)·g^(-1)even calcined at 1200℃for 2 h.Catalytic activity of MnLaAl_(11)O_(19-δ)was tested in combustion reaction of dimethyl ether.It shows that hexaaluminate is of high activity with T_(10%)at 170℃and almost 100%conversion at 370℃.展开更多
Catalytic combustion of dimethyl ether （DME） over hexaaluminate catalyst BaNi0.2Mn0.8Al11O19-δ has been investigated. The catalysts were prepared with the sol-gel method and reverse microemulsion method respectivel...Catalytic combustion of dimethyl ether （DME） over hexaaluminate catalyst BaNi0.2Mn0.8Al11O19-δ has been investigated. The catalysts were prepared with the sol-gel method and reverse microemulsion method respectively and characterized by thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and transimission electron microscope. It was found that the formation of Mn, Ni modified hexaaluminate was a relatively slow process via two solid state reactions and spinel structure was a transition phase. At the same calcined temperature and time, the catalyst prepared with the reverse microemulsion method could form the hexaaluminate phase more easily than that prepared with the sol-gel method. The catalyst BaNi0.2Mn0.8Al11O19-δ prepared with the reverse micro-emulsion method appeared a plate-like morphology, while it appeared a needle-like morphology when using the sol-gel method. The catalytic activities of catalysts BaNi0.2Mn0.8Al11O19-δ prepared with two different methods for DME combustion were tested. It showed that catalyst prepared with the reverse microemulsion method had better catalytic activity, i.e. T10% of DME had decreased by 45℃, about 90% conversion of diemthyl ether at 380℃.展开更多
Ionic liquids have been used as catalysts for Blanc reaction of toluene. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and dosage of the ionic liquid catalyst have been investigated, and the catalytic performance...Ionic liquids have been used as catalysts for Blanc reaction of toluene. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and dosage of the ionic liquid catalyst have been investigated, and the catalytic performance of different ionic liquid catalysts for toluene chloromethylation was also studied. The reaction was found to proceed under mild conditions with excellent conversion （up to 90%） in the absence of Lewis acids. The ionic liquids could be recycled and reused without loss of their catalytic activities.展开更多
Routine solution reaction of Gd3＋ and p-phenylenediamine-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid （p-PhDTA） yields a dinuclear complex [Gd2（ox）（p-PhDTA）2（H2O）10]·6H2O （ox = oxalate）, which was characterized by sin...Routine solution reaction of Gd3＋ and p-phenylenediamine-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid （p-PhDTA） yields a dinuclear complex [Gd2（ox）（p-PhDTA）2（H2O）10]·6H2O （ox = oxalate）, which was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction （MoKα radiation, = 0.71073）, elemental analysis and IR. This complex crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 10.2522（8）, b = 10.0053（8）, c = 23.8834（18）, = 99.1080（10）°, V = 2419.0（3）3, Z = 2, Mr = 1367.32, Dc = 1.877 g/cm3, F（000） = 1368, = 2.830 mm-1, the final R = 0.0337 and wR = 0.0794 for 4747 observed reflections （I 〉 2 （I））. The exo-tetradentate oxalate ligand, generated in situ from the oxidative coupling of methanol, is incorporated to construct a dinuclear Gd2（ox）2 unit decorated with p-PhDTA ligands on the two sides with a monodentate coordination mode. The dinuclear molecules are further connected by the lattice water molecules to form a three-dimen- sional hydrogen network.展开更多
A new star host, hexakis (carboxylphenyl-2-thiolmethyl)benzene (1H6), has been synthesized by a simple one-step condensation procedure with the high yield. Crystal structure of the DMSO adduct 1H6·6DMSO (2) revea...A new star host, hexakis (carboxylphenyl-2-thiolmethyl)benzene (1H6), has been synthesized by a simple one-step condensation procedure with the high yield. Crystal structure of the DMSO adduct 1H6·6DMSO (2) reveals it to be rhombohedral crystal system, space group R-3, with a = b = 2.4129(2), c = 1.1576(3) nm, α= β = 90°, γ= 120°, ∨= 5.837(2) nm3, Z = 3. The six arms of side benzoic acid rings and the H-bonded DMSO molecules are located alternatively above and below the central benzene plane with “1,3,5-up/2,4,6-down” conformation. Terbium complex (Tb21)2Py·9H2O (3) was prepared in hot pyridine, which shows bright characterized Tb(III) emission with a longer lifetime and higher luminescent intensity than that of the corresponding terbium benzoate in solid state. These observations suggest that host 1 is a good antenna for sensitizing TbIII emission.展开更多
Highly efficient esterification of alcohols with acetic acid by using a Brønsted acidic ionic liquid,i.e.,1-methyl-2-pyrrolidonium hydrogen sulfate([Hnmp]HSO_(4)),as catalyst has been realized.The turnover number...Highly efficient esterification of alcohols with acetic acid by using a Brønsted acidic ionic liquid,i.e.,1-methyl-2-pyrrolidonium hydrogen sulfate([Hnmp]HSO_(4)),as catalyst has been realized.The turnover numbers(TON)were able to reach up to 11000 and turnover frequency(TOF)was 846.The catalytic system is suitable for the esterification of long chain aliphatic alcohols,benzyl alcohol and cyclohexanol with good yields of esters.The procedure of separating the product and catalyst is simple,and the catalyst could be reused.[Hnmp]HSO_(4) had much weaker corrosiveness than H_(2)SO_(4).The corrosive rate of H_(2)SO_(4) was 400 times more than that of[Hnmp]HSO_(4) to stainless steel.展开更多
Artificial membrane transporters that either use chalcogen bonds to facilitate transmembrane flux of anions or show high selectivity toward perchlorate anions are rare.In this work,we report on one such novel monopept...Artificial membrane transporters that either use chalcogen bonds to facilitate transmembrane flux of anions or show high selectivity toward perchlorate anions are rare.In this work,we report on one such novel monopeptide-based transporter system,featuring both chalcogen bonds for highly efficient anion transport and high transport selectivity toward ClO_(4)^(-) anions.Structurally,these monopeptide molecules associate with each other via H-bonds to produce H-bonded 1D stack that not only one dimensionally but also directionally aligns the terminal bicyclic thiophene motifs to the same side.Functionally,these well-aligned thiophenes create a sulfur-rich transmembrane pathway,combinatorially fine-tunable to enable anions to efficiently cross the membrane in the increasing activity of Cl^(-)<Br^(-)<NO_(3)^(-)<ClO_(4)^(-) via chalcogen bonds,with EC_(50)values of 0.75,0.40,0.37 and 0.093μmol/L(0.3 mol%relative to lipid molecules),respectively.展开更多
A novel red phosphor Ca2GeO4:Eu3+ was prepared by the traditional solid state reaction. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis suggested that there was no impurity phase. The study on the diffusion reflection spectra...A novel red phosphor Ca2GeO4:Eu3+ was prepared by the traditional solid state reaction. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis suggested that there was no impurity phase. The study on the diffusion reflection spectra of the undoped and Eu3+ doped Ca2GeO4 phosphors revealed an absorption band superposed of that of the host material and the Eu3+ ions. And the excitation spectrum presented a dominating broad band at 250–300 nm which was attributed to both the host material absorption and the charge transfer b...展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. NSFC. 20872020)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 06012298 and No. 8251009001000005)
文摘Objective To prepare artificial antigens and anti-citrinin egg yolk-derived immunoglobulin （IgY） to build an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） for citrinin （CTN）. Methods CTN was conjugated with bovine serum albumin （BSA）, ovalbumin （OVA） with formaldehyde condensation method to prepare artificial antigens and identified by ultraviolet （UV） spectrometry and Infrared （IR） spectrometry. Artificial antigens for CTN and anti-CTN IgY were purified with polyethylene glycol two-step precipitation method and identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （SDS-PAGE）. ELISA with IgY was established. Cross-reactivity of IgY with various structural similarities to CTN and possible co-occurrence with CTN in agricultural commodities were studied. Results UV and IR absorption spectra suggested that CTN was correlated with the carrier protein of BSA or OVA. SDS-PAGE patterns showed that the anti-CTN IgY was almost pure with a molecular weight of approximate 100 KD. The indirect competitive ELISA showed that the detection limit of CTN was 10 ng·mL^-1, with a good linearity ranging 20-640 ng·mL^-1. Conclusion Artificial antigens of CTN can be successfully synthesized. The established ELISA can be used to determine CTN- contaminated samples.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (4205301, 06021468)Project of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province (2004B33401003, 2005B10201053)+1 种基金Project of Science and Technology of Guangzhou (2006 J1-C0501)National Natural Science Foundation of China (20203012).
文摘A novel reverse microemulsion method was used to prepare SnO2/MgO and SnO2/CaO catalysts. It was found that both the catalysts were active for the reaction of catalytic oxidation of dimethyl ether （DME） in the temperature range of 275 to 300 ℃. SnO2/CaO catalyst exhibits much higher activity than SnO2/MgO. On SnO2/CaO catalyst, DME conversion of 21.8% was obtained at 300℃, while selectivities to methyl formate （MF） and dimethoxyethane （DMET） of 19.1% and 59.0% respectively were obtained at 275 ℃.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province, China(No.2009B011000012)
文摘Novel titanium-doped silicone resins were synthesized from low-cost silane monomers and tetrabutyl titanate as raw materials and hydrochloric acid as catalyst, with titanium element as dopant into principal chain of Si-O-Si. The resins were characterized by means of FTIR, IH NMR and 13C NMR spectra, their thermal properties and curing properties were investigated and their corresponding films were determined. The results show that the thermal stability and storage stability of the resins were influenced by the types of silane monomers containing dif- ferent carbon atomicities of organic group. The thermal stability of the titanium-doped silicone resin with a molar ratio of silane monomer B（n-propyl triethoxysilane） to silane monomer C（n-octyl triethoxysilane） being 1：1 is superior to that of the resin with a molar ratio of silane monomer B to silane monomer C being 1：3. However, the storage stability of the former is inferior to that of the latter. This work also showed that the synthesized titanium-doped silicone resins have the highest thermal stability up to 450--500℃ with an atomicity molar ratio of 1：4 of titanium to silicon in the reactants. But the best storage stability of the resin prepared from the reactants with an atomicity molar ratio of 1：6[n（Ti）：n（Si）] was obtained. The effect of the type and content of curing agent on the curing properties of the resin was also studied. Moreover, thermal mechanism and curing mechanism were proposed in this work.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50973129)the Natural Science Found of Guangdong Province(07001781)+1 种基金the Open Project of Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics ChemistryChinese Academy of Science(LCLC-2005-168)
文摘Semi-interpenetrating network（semi-IPN） hydrogels composed of sodium carboxylmethylcellulose（NaCMC） and poly N-isopropylacrylamide（PNIPAm） were prepared by free radical polymerization of N-isopropyl acrylamide（NIPAm） in dimethylsulfoxide（DMSO） in the presence of NaCMC. The structures of hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）, scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）. SEM images show that the hydrogels present porous network structures. Most water in the hydrogels were free water and freezing water. The equilibrium swelling ratio（ESR） and swelling rate（SR） were quite different at various swelling temperature. ESR of the hydrogels ranged abruptly from 15.2 g/g to 1.56 g/g and the hydrogels changed from transparent into opaque with swelling temperature changing from 33 ℃ to 34 ℃, that is to say, the hydrogels exhibited the good temperature sensitivity at about 33 ℃ similar to low critical solution temperature（LCST） of pure PNIPAm, swelling rate were very different at below and above LCST due to hydrogel swelling with different swelling mechanism. Moreover, the semi-IPN hydrogels swelled much rapidly than pure PNIPAm hydrogels did at room temperature, the equillibrium swelling ratio（ESR） and swelling rate of the hydrogels increased with increasing of NaCMC content, i e. It is suggested that NaCMC could be potential for preparation of porous and rapid swelling hydrogels
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21376279,21425627)the Science and Technology Major Program of Guangdong Province(2012A080103005)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(14lgpy28)Guangzhou Science and Technology Plan Projects(2014J4100125)the Dayawan Science and Technology Plan Projects(2013A01013)
文摘Microcapsules of salicylic acid （SA） with chitosan were prepared by spray drying method. Various analytical methods were used to characterize the nature of microcapsules. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） confirmed the presence of intermolecular interactions between chitosan and SA. Particle size analysis showed that the average size ofmicrocapsules ranged from 2 to 20 pro, Scanning electron microscopy （SEM） studies indicated that the microspheres were spherical and had a relatively smooth surface. Microbiological assay of antibacterial activity for SA and its microcapsules was measured using different bacterial strains. It was found that the antibacterial activity of SA was improved after the formation of microcapsules. The in vitro release profile showed that the microcapsules could control SA release from I h to 4 h. Kinetic studies revealed that the release pattern follows Korsmeyer-Peppas mechanism. Enhanced antibacterial activity of the SA micro- capsules was attributed to the synergistic effects of intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions N-H...O and O-H...O=C between SA and chitosan. It was also confirmed by quantum chemical calculation.
文摘To compare the protein difference between B. henselae Houston and B. henselae Marseille by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Method Protein samples were prepared by vorterx, ultrasonic treatment, and centrifugation. Protein concentrations were determined by Bradford method. Protein difference was compared by the first IEF and the second SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Results Protein concentrations in samples of Bartonella henselae Houston and Bartonella henselae Marseille were 2.117 μg/μL and 2.200 μg/μL respectively. Sample protein of 40 μg for IPG strips loading was perfect. The results of 2-DE in pH 4 to 7 IPG strips showed that the total protein spots of Bartonella henselae Houston and Bartonella henselae Marseille were 375 and 379 respectively, 95% of the spots were the same between the two strains of Bartonella henselae. Conclusion The procedure of 2-DE may prove successful for the proteomic analysis of Bartonella henselae. Bartonella henselae Houston and Bartonella henselae Marseille are different genotypes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21036009,21176268)the Higher-level Talent Project for Guangdong Provincial Universities+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesGuangdong Province 211 Project
文摘Insoluble β-cyclodextrin polymers were prepared from β-cyclodextrin(β-CD) using epichlorohydrin(EPI) as crosslinking agent under basic conditions.The polymers were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR),Thermogravimetry(TG),X-ray diffraction(XRD) and TG-FTIR.The results demonstrated that the polym-erization between EPI and β-CD indeed occurred,and a number of CD rings were interconnected to form a three-dimensional network.Moreover,different factors influencing the polymerization,e.g.molar ratio of EPI to β-CD,the concentration of NaOH and reaction temperature,have been investigated.The polymer prepared under the optimal conditions(the molar ratio EPI:β-CD of 44,the NaOH concentration 50% in mass,and the temperature at 65 ℃) showed excellent thermal stability and insolubility in organic solvents or strong acid/base.In addition,the β-cyclodextrin polymers also presented high catalytic activity for aqueous oxidation of benzyl alcohol with hy-pochlorite as oxidant.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20677012)Foundation of Natural Science of Guangdong Province (04205301)Foundation of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province (2006A36701003)
文摘Ho-doped TiO2 nanoparticles with higher photocatalytic activity were prepared by an acid-catalyzed sol-gel method. The photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange in aqueous solution was used as a probe reaction to evaluate their photocatalytic activities. The effects of Ho doping on the crystallite sizes, crystal pattern, surface composition, and optical property of the catalysts were investigated by means of techniques such as X-Ray Diffraction （XRD）, Transmission Electron Microscopy （TEM）, Diffuse Reflectance UV-Vis Spectroscopy （UV-Vis DRS）, Fourier Transform Infrared （FT-IR）, and Photo-Luminiscence （PL） spectra. Moreover, the modification mechanism of Ho doping was also discussed. The results showed that Ho doping could inhibit phase transformation from anatase to rntile, suppress the growth of TiO2 grains, cause blue shift of the absorption spectrum edge, accelerate surface hydroxylation, and enhance the separation efficiency of photoinduced electron-hole pairs, which resulted in a significant improvement in the photoreactivity of Ho-doped TiO2. Among them, the Ho-doped TiO2 calcined at 500℃ achieved the highest photocatalytic activity.
基金This study was supported by the Project of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(No.2004B33401003,2005B10201053)the Nature Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.04205301,06021468)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20203012).
文摘Study on catalytic combustive reaction of dimethyl ether as a new fuel was presented.Hexaaluminate catalysts were used to reduce ignition temperature so that dimethyl ether completely combusted at low temperature.Hexaaluminate catalysts MnLaAl_(11)O_(19-δ)were prepared by reverse microemulsion method.Crystalline phase and structure of the catalyst were analysed by means of TG-DTA,XRD and BET.The results show that the hexaalunminate is of magnetoplumbite structure when La is taken as mirror plane cation.Hexaalunminate phase is formed slowly via 1050℃calcined for 4 h and it can keep hexaaluminate phase and high surface area of 48 m^(2)·g^(-1)even calcined at 1200℃for 2 h.Catalytic activity of MnLaAl_(11)O_(19-δ)was tested in combustion reaction of dimethyl ether.It shows that hexaaluminate is of high activity with T_(10%)at 170℃and almost 100%conversion at 370℃.
基金Supported by the Project of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province （2004B33401003, 2005B10201053）, the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province （04205301, 06021468）, and the Special Functional Material Foundation of Shenzhen University （0602）.
文摘Catalytic combustion of dimethyl ether （DME） over hexaaluminate catalyst BaNi0.2Mn0.8Al11O19-δ has been investigated. The catalysts were prepared with the sol-gel method and reverse microemulsion method respectively and characterized by thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and transimission electron microscope. It was found that the formation of Mn, Ni modified hexaaluminate was a relatively slow process via two solid state reactions and spinel structure was a transition phase. At the same calcined temperature and time, the catalyst prepared with the reverse microemulsion method could form the hexaaluminate phase more easily than that prepared with the sol-gel method. The catalyst BaNi0.2Mn0.8Al11O19-δ prepared with the reverse micro-emulsion method appeared a plate-like morphology, while it appeared a needle-like morphology when using the sol-gel method. The catalytic activities of catalysts BaNi0.2Mn0.8Al11O19-δ prepared with two different methods for DME combustion were tested. It showed that catalyst prepared with the reverse microemulsion method had better catalytic activity, i.e. T10% of DME had decreased by 45℃, about 90% conversion of diemthyl ether at 380℃.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20376015）, the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province （32491） and Guangzhou Project of Science ＆ Technology （2004J1-C0151）.
文摘Ionic liquids have been used as catalysts for Blanc reaction of toluene. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and dosage of the ionic liquid catalyst have been investigated, and the catalytic performance of different ionic liquid catalysts for toluene chloromethylation was also studied. The reaction was found to proceed under mild conditions with excellent conversion （up to 90%） in the absence of Lewis acids. The ionic liquids could be recycled and reused without loss of their catalytic activities.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21001030 and 21101032)the Foundation for the Authors of Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of Guangdong Province (No. sybzzxm201048)the "211" Creative Project of Guangdong Province
文摘Routine solution reaction of Gd3＋ and p-phenylenediamine-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid （p-PhDTA） yields a dinuclear complex [Gd2（ox）（p-PhDTA）2（H2O）10]·6H2O （ox = oxalate）, which was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction （MoKα radiation, = 0.71073）, elemental analysis and IR. This complex crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 10.2522（8）, b = 10.0053（8）, c = 23.8834（18）, = 99.1080（10）°, V = 2419.0（3）3, Z = 2, Mr = 1367.32, Dc = 1.877 g/cm3, F（000） = 1368, = 2.830 mm-1, the final R = 0.0337 and wR = 0.0794 for 4747 observed reflections （I 〉 2 （I））. The exo-tetradentate oxalate ligand, generated in situ from the oxidative coupling of methanol, is incorporated to construct a dinuclear Gd2（ox）2 unit decorated with p-PhDTA ligands on the two sides with a monodentate coordination mode. The dinuclear molecules are further connected by the lattice water molecules to form a three-dimen- sional hydrogen network.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20105003) the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Grant Nos.990128 and 974174).
文摘A new star host, hexakis (carboxylphenyl-2-thiolmethyl)benzene (1H6), has been synthesized by a simple one-step condensation procedure with the high yield. Crystal structure of the DMSO adduct 1H6·6DMSO (2) reveals it to be rhombohedral crystal system, space group R-3, with a = b = 2.4129(2), c = 1.1576(3) nm, α= β = 90°, γ= 120°, ∨= 5.837(2) nm3, Z = 3. The six arms of side benzoic acid rings and the H-bonded DMSO molecules are located alternatively above and below the central benzene plane with “1,3,5-up/2,4,6-down” conformation. Terbium complex (Tb21)2Py·9H2O (3) was prepared in hot pyridine, which shows bright characterized Tb(III) emission with a longer lifetime and higher luminescent intensity than that of the corresponding terbium benzoate in solid state. These observations suggest that host 1 is a good antenna for sensitizing TbIII emission.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20376015)Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(32491)the Foundation of Scientific and technological Planning Project of Guangzhou of China(2004J1-C0151).
文摘Highly efficient esterification of alcohols with acetic acid by using a Brønsted acidic ionic liquid,i.e.,1-methyl-2-pyrrolidonium hydrogen sulfate([Hnmp]HSO_(4)),as catalyst has been realized.The turnover numbers(TON)were able to reach up to 11000 and turnover frequency(TOF)was 846.The catalytic system is suitable for the esterification of long chain aliphatic alcohols,benzyl alcohol and cyclohexanol with good yields of esters.The procedure of separating the product and catalyst is simple,and the catalyst could be reused.[Hnmp]HSO_(4) had much weaker corrosiveness than H_(2)SO_(4).The corrosive rate of H_(2)SO_(4) was 400 times more than that of[Hnmp]HSO_(4) to stainless steel.
基金supported by the construct program of applied characteristic discipline in Hunan University of Science and Engineering,the Technology Plan of Guangdong Province(No. 2019A050510042)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province of China (No. 2021JJ30291)Northwestern Polytechnical University。
文摘Artificial membrane transporters that either use chalcogen bonds to facilitate transmembrane flux of anions or show high selectivity toward perchlorate anions are rare.In this work,we report on one such novel monopeptide-based transporter system,featuring both chalcogen bonds for highly efficient anion transport and high transport selectivity toward ClO_(4)^(-) anions.Structurally,these monopeptide molecules associate with each other via H-bonds to produce H-bonded 1D stack that not only one dimensionally but also directionally aligns the terminal bicyclic thiophene motifs to the same side.Functionally,these well-aligned thiophenes create a sulfur-rich transmembrane pathway,combinatorially fine-tunable to enable anions to efficiently cross the membrane in the increasing activity of Cl^(-)<Br^(-)<NO_(3)^(-)<ClO_(4)^(-) via chalcogen bonds,with EC_(50)values of 0.75,0.40,0.37 and 0.093μmol/L(0.3 mol%relative to lipid molecules),respectively.
基金Project supported by the Foundation of the 211 Project the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Guangdong University of Technology
文摘A novel red phosphor Ca2GeO4:Eu3+ was prepared by the traditional solid state reaction. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis suggested that there was no impurity phase. The study on the diffusion reflection spectra of the undoped and Eu3+ doped Ca2GeO4 phosphors revealed an absorption band superposed of that of the host material and the Eu3+ ions. And the excitation spectrum presented a dominating broad band at 250–300 nm which was attributed to both the host material absorption and the charge transfer b...
