This study aims to investigate grain quality and nutritional values of rice(Pokkali,a salt-tolerant cultivar;RD73,a new cultivar improved from KDML105 introgressed with Saltol QTL from Pokkali,and KDML105,a moderately...This study aims to investigate grain quality and nutritional values of rice(Pokkali,a salt-tolerant cultivar;RD73,a new cultivar improved from KDML105 introgressed with Saltol QTL from Pokkali,and KDML105,a moderately salt-susceptible cultivar)grown under non-saline(0.04–0.87 dS/m)and slightly saline(1.08–4.83 dS/m)field conditions.The results revealed that salinity caused significant reduction in grain size but significant increments in reducing sugar and total protein contents in the grains.Nevertheless,the amounts of starch in the grains of KDML105 and Pokkali rice genotypes were unaffected by the stress.The starch granule size distribution was also unaffected by salinity.Interestingly,only starch from Pokkali was significantly diminished in amylose content,from 19.18%to 16.99%.Accordingly,parameters relating to starch gelatinization,retrogradation,and pasting properties of KDML105 and RD73 were unaffected by salinity;only Pokkali showed a significant increase in percentage of retrogradation along with a significant reduction in gelatinization enthalpy.In the saline field,total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in the grains of all rice cultivars tended to increase,particularly in Pokkali.On average,essential element contents in grains from the saline-treated plants showed a 33%,32%,32%,22%,20%,11%,and 10%increase in total P,N,K,Mg,Zn,Fe,and Ca content,respectively.Interestingly,total Fe content exhibited the greatest percentage of increments in KDML105(187%).Taken together,cultivation of rice in the slightly saline field did not alter its eating and cooking qualities,while enhanced some nutritional properties such as proteins,minerals,and secondary metabolites like phenolic compounds.展开更多
The Dongsithouane National Production Forest (DNPF) is one of the largest natural forest areas in Savannakhet, Lao PDR, which has been a vital support for the local community’s livelihood, Recently, significant chang...The Dongsithouane National Production Forest (DNPF) is one of the largest natural forest areas in Savannakhet, Lao PDR, which has been a vital support for the local community’s livelihood, Recently, significant changes in land use and land cover (LULC) have been observed in this area, leading to a reduction of natural forests. There were two separate methods of this study: firstly, to identify LULC changes across three different periods, spectral imagery from the Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) for the years 2001 and 2011, and the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) for 2021 were used as the primary data sources. The satellite images were preprocessed for various forest classes, including pretreatment of the top of atmosphere reflectance by using QGIS software’s semi-automatic classification plug-in (SCP), and ArcGIS was used for post-classification. A supervised classification approach was applied to the satellite images from 2001, 2011, and 2021 to generate diverse maps of LULC. Secondly, a household survey dataset was used to investigate influential factors. Approximately 220 households were interviewed in order to collect socio-economic information (including data on population growth, increased business activities, location of the area, agriculture land expansion, and need for settlement land). Household survey data was analyzed by using SPSS. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions and percentages, were applied to observe characteristics. Additionally, a binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the socioeconomic factors related to LULC change in DNPF. Key findings indicated a decline in natural forest areas within the study site. Specifically, both dry dipterocarp forest (−11.35%) and mixed deciduous forest (−0.18%) decreased from 2001 to 2021. The overall accuracy of the LULC maps was 94%, 86%, and 89% for the years 2001, 2011, and 2021 respectively. In contrast, agricultural land increased significantly by 155.70%, while built-up land, and water bodies increased by 65.54% and 35.33%, respectively. The results also highlighted a significant increase in construction land, up to 65.54%. Furthermore, the study found a correlation between agricultural expansion and a reduction of forest areas, along with an increase in built-up land along the forest areas’ boundaries. Timber exploitation and charcoal production also contributed to the decline in forest cover. The logistic regression model identified significant determinants of LULC change, including the area’s location, agricultural land expansion, increased business activity, and the need for settlement land. These factors have influenced the management of DNPF. Urgent sustainable management practices and actions, including forest ecosystem protection, village agricultural zoning, water source and watershed protection and public awareness, are required to preserve the forest areas of DNPF.展开更多
In this paper, the effects of storage time on the external and internal characteristics of lutein enriched eggs were studied. A total of 330 lutein eggs were stored at room temperature （30℃） for periods of 0, 3, 5,...In this paper, the effects of storage time on the external and internal characteristics of lutein enriched eggs were studied. A total of 330 lutein eggs were stored at room temperature （30℃） for periods of 0, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 and 21 d, respectively. At the end of each storage period, 30 lutein eggs were evaluated for egg quality. Storage time from 0 d to 21 d did not affect the eggshell thickness, shell ratio and yolk color （P 〉 0.05）. The effect of days in storage was statistically significant on the albumen ratio and Haugh unit （P 〈 0.05）, both of which decreased with increasing days of storage. Conversely, egg water loss and the yolk ratio increased with increasing days of storage （P 〈 0.05）. At the end of storage, the lutein value in the eggs was close to the value at the beginning of storage. The results indicated that storage time did not produce an adverse effect on the eggshell thickness, shell ratio, yolk color and concentration of lutein in lutein enriched eggs.展开更多
The productive performance of giant freshwater prawn （Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man） fed diet containing silkworm pupae （Bombyx mori） replacing for fish meal was conducted by focusing on digestibility, growth p...The productive performance of giant freshwater prawn （Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man） fed diet containing silkworm pupae （Bombyx mori） replacing for fish meal was conducted by focusing on digestibility, growth performance and feed utilization. Five diets of an isonitrogenous of 35 ：e 1% crude protein and isocaloric of digestible energy of 3,200 ±100 kcal/kg were formulated by using silkworm pupae, 0%, 8.6%, 17.2%, 25.8% and 34.7% by weight, replaced for fish meal. Giant freshwater prawn of 19 ± 2.0 g were stocked at 5 ind./m3 in concrete tank of 2.25 ton for three months. The protein digestibility by pepsin enzyme was evaluated in fish meal, silkworm pupae, soybean meal and shrimp meal. The digestibility was significantly difference （P 〈 0.05）. The protein digestibility of fishmeal and soybean meal was higher than silkworm pupae and shrimp meal. The productive performance of prawn in terms of growth rate and feed utilization were not significantly different （P 〉 0.05）. Therefore, silkworm pupae can be replaced for fishmeal in giant freshwater prawn （Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man） without any adverse effects on productive performance.展开更多
The use of silk sericin protein as a biomaterial to co-encapsulate probiotic Lactobacillus casei TISTR 1463 with alginate and various prebiotics was determined.In addition,0.2%silk sericin was also evaluated as a coat...The use of silk sericin protein as a biomaterial to co-encapsulate probiotic Lactobacillus casei TISTR 1463 with alginate and various prebiotics was determined.In addition,0.2%silk sericin was also evaluated as a coating material to improve the viability of probiotic cells.Silk sericin coating has the potential to enhance probiotic survival in freeze-dried microcapsules.Under refrigerated storage condition of 4℃for 120 days,alginate-silk sericin-maltitol with silk sericin coating(ASM-C)provided the best performance with the lowest inactivation rate(k)and the highestδparameter(the first decimal reduction time)applied by the log-linear and Weibull models,respectively.However,the stability was relatively low at the temperature of 30℃.Co-encapsulation of alginate-silk sericin-prebiotic and coated with silk sericin exerted a protective impact on the strain survival when exposed to high temperatures and transited through the digestive system.展开更多
基金supported by the National Research Council of Thailand(Grant No.NRCT813/2563)the Post-Doctoral Training,Khon Kaen University(Grant No.PD2565-02-02)。
文摘This study aims to investigate grain quality and nutritional values of rice(Pokkali,a salt-tolerant cultivar;RD73,a new cultivar improved from KDML105 introgressed with Saltol QTL from Pokkali,and KDML105,a moderately salt-susceptible cultivar)grown under non-saline(0.04–0.87 dS/m)and slightly saline(1.08–4.83 dS/m)field conditions.The results revealed that salinity caused significant reduction in grain size but significant increments in reducing sugar and total protein contents in the grains.Nevertheless,the amounts of starch in the grains of KDML105 and Pokkali rice genotypes were unaffected by the stress.The starch granule size distribution was also unaffected by salinity.Interestingly,only starch from Pokkali was significantly diminished in amylose content,from 19.18%to 16.99%.Accordingly,parameters relating to starch gelatinization,retrogradation,and pasting properties of KDML105 and RD73 were unaffected by salinity;only Pokkali showed a significant increase in percentage of retrogradation along with a significant reduction in gelatinization enthalpy.In the saline field,total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity in the grains of all rice cultivars tended to increase,particularly in Pokkali.On average,essential element contents in grains from the saline-treated plants showed a 33%,32%,32%,22%,20%,11%,and 10%increase in total P,N,K,Mg,Zn,Fe,and Ca content,respectively.Interestingly,total Fe content exhibited the greatest percentage of increments in KDML105(187%).Taken together,cultivation of rice in the slightly saline field did not alter its eating and cooking qualities,while enhanced some nutritional properties such as proteins,minerals,and secondary metabolites like phenolic compounds.
文摘The Dongsithouane National Production Forest (DNPF) is one of the largest natural forest areas in Savannakhet, Lao PDR, which has been a vital support for the local community’s livelihood, Recently, significant changes in land use and land cover (LULC) have been observed in this area, leading to a reduction of natural forests. There were two separate methods of this study: firstly, to identify LULC changes across three different periods, spectral imagery from the Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) for the years 2001 and 2011, and the Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) for 2021 were used as the primary data sources. The satellite images were preprocessed for various forest classes, including pretreatment of the top of atmosphere reflectance by using QGIS software’s semi-automatic classification plug-in (SCP), and ArcGIS was used for post-classification. A supervised classification approach was applied to the satellite images from 2001, 2011, and 2021 to generate diverse maps of LULC. Secondly, a household survey dataset was used to investigate influential factors. Approximately 220 households were interviewed in order to collect socio-economic information (including data on population growth, increased business activities, location of the area, agriculture land expansion, and need for settlement land). Household survey data was analyzed by using SPSS. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions and percentages, were applied to observe characteristics. Additionally, a binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the socioeconomic factors related to LULC change in DNPF. Key findings indicated a decline in natural forest areas within the study site. Specifically, both dry dipterocarp forest (−11.35%) and mixed deciduous forest (−0.18%) decreased from 2001 to 2021. The overall accuracy of the LULC maps was 94%, 86%, and 89% for the years 2001, 2011, and 2021 respectively. In contrast, agricultural land increased significantly by 155.70%, while built-up land, and water bodies increased by 65.54% and 35.33%, respectively. The results also highlighted a significant increase in construction land, up to 65.54%. Furthermore, the study found a correlation between agricultural expansion and a reduction of forest areas, along with an increase in built-up land along the forest areas’ boundaries. Timber exploitation and charcoal production also contributed to the decline in forest cover. The logistic regression model identified significant determinants of LULC change, including the area’s location, agricultural land expansion, increased business activity, and the need for settlement land. These factors have influenced the management of DNPF. Urgent sustainable management practices and actions, including forest ecosystem protection, village agricultural zoning, water source and watershed protection and public awareness, are required to preserve the forest areas of DNPF.
文摘In this paper, the effects of storage time on the external and internal characteristics of lutein enriched eggs were studied. A total of 330 lutein eggs were stored at room temperature （30℃） for periods of 0, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19 and 21 d, respectively. At the end of each storage period, 30 lutein eggs were evaluated for egg quality. Storage time from 0 d to 21 d did not affect the eggshell thickness, shell ratio and yolk color （P 〉 0.05）. The effect of days in storage was statistically significant on the albumen ratio and Haugh unit （P 〈 0.05）, both of which decreased with increasing days of storage. Conversely, egg water loss and the yolk ratio increased with increasing days of storage （P 〈 0.05）. At the end of storage, the lutein value in the eggs was close to the value at the beginning of storage. The results indicated that storage time did not produce an adverse effect on the eggshell thickness, shell ratio, yolk color and concentration of lutein in lutein enriched eggs.
文摘The productive performance of giant freshwater prawn （Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man） fed diet containing silkworm pupae （Bombyx mori） replacing for fish meal was conducted by focusing on digestibility, growth performance and feed utilization. Five diets of an isonitrogenous of 35 ：e 1% crude protein and isocaloric of digestible energy of 3,200 ±100 kcal/kg were formulated by using silkworm pupae, 0%, 8.6%, 17.2%, 25.8% and 34.7% by weight, replaced for fish meal. Giant freshwater prawn of 19 ± 2.0 g were stocked at 5 ind./m3 in concrete tank of 2.25 ton for three months. The protein digestibility by pepsin enzyme was evaluated in fish meal, silkworm pupae, soybean meal and shrimp meal. The digestibility was significantly difference （P 〈 0.05）. The protein digestibility of fishmeal and soybean meal was higher than silkworm pupae and shrimp meal. The productive performance of prawn in terms of growth rate and feed utilization were not significantly different （P 〉 0.05）. Therefore, silkworm pupae can be replaced for fishmeal in giant freshwater prawn （Macrobrachium rosenbergii de Man） without any adverse effects on productive performance.
基金This research was funded by the Agricultural Research Development Agency(ARDA),Thailand.
文摘The use of silk sericin protein as a biomaterial to co-encapsulate probiotic Lactobacillus casei TISTR 1463 with alginate and various prebiotics was determined.In addition,0.2%silk sericin was also evaluated as a coating material to improve the viability of probiotic cells.Silk sericin coating has the potential to enhance probiotic survival in freeze-dried microcapsules.Under refrigerated storage condition of 4℃for 120 days,alginate-silk sericin-maltitol with silk sericin coating(ASM-C)provided the best performance with the lowest inactivation rate(k)and the highestδparameter(the first decimal reduction time)applied by the log-linear and Weibull models,respectively.However,the stability was relatively low at the temperature of 30℃.Co-encapsulation of alginate-silk sericin-prebiotic and coated with silk sericin exerted a protective impact on the strain survival when exposed to high temperatures and transited through the digestive system.
