The overuse of nitrogen(N)fertilizer in fields has increased production costs and raised environmental concerns.Increasing the N use efficiency(NUE)of rice varieties is crucial for sustainable agriculture.Here we repo...The overuse of nitrogen(N)fertilizer in fields has increased production costs and raised environmental concerns.Increasing the N use efficiency(NUE)of rice varieties is crucial for sustainable agriculture.Here we report the cloning and characterization of OsNPF3.1,a gene that controls rice NUE.An amino acid mutation in the OsNPF3.1 coding region caused different NUEs in wild and cultivated rice.OsNPF3.1,which is expressed mainly in the aerial parts of rice,also affects rice plant height,heading date,and thousand-grain weight.The OsNPF3.1 protein is located in the plasma membrane.When OsNPF3.1 was subjected to artificial selection,two naturally varying loci were associated with NUE,of which OsNPF3.1Chr6_8741040differed between indica and japonica rice.OsNPF3.1 can be used as a new target gene for breeding rice varieties with high NUE.展开更多
Background Mangrove tannins can participate in wetland biogeochemical cycling.However,their fate and dynamics during leaf litter leaching have yet to be elucidated in coastal aquatic environments.Methods By using a si...Background Mangrove tannins can participate in wetland biogeochemical cycling.However,their fate and dynamics during leaf litter leaching have yet to be elucidated in coastal aquatic environments.Methods By using a simulated microcosm experiment,changes in leaf litter mass and tannin compounds,including total phenolics(TP),extractable condensed tannins(ECT),and bound condensed tannins(BCT),were examined in the litters and leachates of four common mangrove species:Kandelia obovata(Ko),Aegiceras corniculatum(Ac),Sonneratia apetala(Sa),and Avicennia marina(Am).Results Leaching caused a notable decline in litter mass,TP,and ECT in the leaf litter of Ko,Ac,Sa,and Am,while BCT increased significantly in Ko and Ac.Loss in foliar TP was higher than in leaf litter mass,and loss in foliar ECT was higher than in TP of Ko and Ac,but Sa showed the opposite result.The temporal changes of TP and ECT concentrations in leachates followed a similar trend,with an initial increase followed by a decrease.ECT dynamics in Ko and Ac leachates correlated with their TP concentrations,while in Sa leachate,the peak ECT occurred 72 h later than its TP peak.The leachate ECT concentrations were highest in Ac,followed by Ko,and significantly lower in Sa.The peak TP and ECT proportions in leachates accounted for 9.2-23.9%and 7.7-9.4%of the total decreases in foliar TP and ECT,respectively.Conclusion During the leaching process,tannins’fate was species-specific,while the dynamics were almost similar.展开更多
In this study,a novel series of cordycepin derivatives with benzenesulfonamido groups at the 6-position of the purine ring were synthesized and their antitumor activity was evaluated.We revealed the structural moietie...In this study,a novel series of cordycepin derivatives with benzenesulfonamido groups at the 6-position of the purine ring were synthesized and their antitumor activity was evaluated.We revealed the structural moieties of the cordycepin analogs that were required for antitumor activity.Among all the target compounds,those with 4-methyl and 4-nitro substituents on the benzene ring displayed better activity than the lead compound in antiproliferative activity experiments using MDA-MB-231 and A549 cells.However,compounds with 4-methoxybenzene and 2-oxoindoline groups and ethylene spacers displayed more significant activity than the lead compound in antiproliferative activity experiments using He La cells.In particular,a compound with a 4-bromo substituent and an ethylene spacer displayed very high inhibitory activity against the proliferation of MDA-MB-231,A549,and He La cells,suggesting that it had the potential for further development and application.展开更多
China is the largest rice-producing country,but the genomic landscape of rice diversity has not yet been clarified.In this study,we re-sequence 1070 rice varieties collected from China(400)and other regions in Asia(67...China is the largest rice-producing country,but the genomic landscape of rice diversity has not yet been clarified.In this study,we re-sequence 1070 rice varieties collected from China(400)and other regions in Asia(670).Among the six major rice groups(aus,indica-I,indica-II,aromatic,temperate japonica,and tropical japonica),almost all Chinese varieties belong to the indica-II or temperate japonica group.Most Chinese indica varieties belong to indica-II,which consists of two subgroups developed during different phases of rice breeding.The genomic segments underlying the differences between these subgroups span36.32 Mb.The Chinese japonica rice varieties fall into the temperate japonica group,consisting of two subgroups based on their geographical distribution.The genomic segments underlying the differences between these subgroups span 27.69 Mb.These differentiated segments in the Chinese indica varieties span 45 genes with nonsynonymous mutations that are closely related to variations in plant height and grain width.Fifty-four genes with nonsynonymous mutations are associated with the differences in heading date between the two Chinese japonica subgroups.These findings provide new insights into rice diversity in China that will facilitate the molecular breeding.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32060476 and 31860371)Guangxi Department of Science and Technology(AA22068087-4)+3 种基金Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China(2015GXNSFAA139054,2018GXNSFAA138124,and 2020GXNSFAA259041)Guangxi Ministry of Science and Technology(AB21238009)Special Fund of Local Science and Technology Development for the Central Guidance(ZY21195034)Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2021JM04,2021JM49,2021YT030,QN-25,and QN-35)。
文摘The overuse of nitrogen(N)fertilizer in fields has increased production costs and raised environmental concerns.Increasing the N use efficiency(NUE)of rice varieties is crucial for sustainable agriculture.Here we report the cloning and characterization of OsNPF3.1,a gene that controls rice NUE.An amino acid mutation in the OsNPF3.1 coding region caused different NUEs in wild and cultivated rice.OsNPF3.1,which is expressed mainly in the aerial parts of rice,also affects rice plant height,heading date,and thousand-grain weight.The OsNPF3.1 protein is located in the plasma membrane.When OsNPF3.1 was subjected to artificial selection,two naturally varying loci were associated with NUE,of which OsNPF3.1Chr6_8741040differed between indica and japonica rice.OsNPF3.1 can be used as a new target gene for breeding rice varieties with high NUE.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41876090,32101367,41976161)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2022A1515010698)+1 种基金the Science,Technology,and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(JCYJ20220818095601003,JCYJ20170818092901989,20200827115203001)the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China(UGC/IDS(R)16/19).
文摘Background Mangrove tannins can participate in wetland biogeochemical cycling.However,their fate and dynamics during leaf litter leaching have yet to be elucidated in coastal aquatic environments.Methods By using a simulated microcosm experiment,changes in leaf litter mass and tannin compounds,including total phenolics(TP),extractable condensed tannins(ECT),and bound condensed tannins(BCT),were examined in the litters and leachates of four common mangrove species:Kandelia obovata(Ko),Aegiceras corniculatum(Ac),Sonneratia apetala(Sa),and Avicennia marina(Am).Results Leaching caused a notable decline in litter mass,TP,and ECT in the leaf litter of Ko,Ac,Sa,and Am,while BCT increased significantly in Ko and Ac.Loss in foliar TP was higher than in leaf litter mass,and loss in foliar ECT was higher than in TP of Ko and Ac,but Sa showed the opposite result.The temporal changes of TP and ECT concentrations in leachates followed a similar trend,with an initial increase followed by a decrease.ECT dynamics in Ko and Ac leachates correlated with their TP concentrations,while in Sa leachate,the peak ECT occurred 72 h later than its TP peak.The leachate ECT concentrations were highest in Ac,followed by Ko,and significantly lower in Sa.The peak TP and ECT proportions in leachates accounted for 9.2-23.9%and 7.7-9.4%of the total decreases in foliar TP and ECT,respectively.Conclusion During the leaching process,tannins’fate was species-specific,while the dynamics were almost similar.
基金Research Basic Ability Enhancement Project of Young and Middle-aged Teachers in Guangxi Universities(Grant No.2019KY0166)the Project of Guangxi University for Nationalities(Grant No.2018MDYB006,2018XJGY46)。
文摘In this study,a novel series of cordycepin derivatives with benzenesulfonamido groups at the 6-position of the purine ring were synthesized and their antitumor activity was evaluated.We revealed the structural moieties of the cordycepin analogs that were required for antitumor activity.Among all the target compounds,those with 4-methyl and 4-nitro substituents on the benzene ring displayed better activity than the lead compound in antiproliferative activity experiments using MDA-MB-231 and A549 cells.However,compounds with 4-methoxybenzene and 2-oxoindoline groups and ethylene spacers displayed more significant activity than the lead compound in antiproliferative activity experiments using He La cells.In particular,a compound with a 4-bromo substituent and an ethylene spacer displayed very high inhibitory activity against the proliferation of MDA-MB-231,A549,and He La cells,suggesting that it had the potential for further development and application.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0100301 to Z.X.M.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31670211 and31970237 to Z.X.M.)+3 种基金Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City(SKJC-2020-02-001 to Z.X.M.)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(S2021ZD01 to Z.X.M.)the Major Incubation Project of Shenyang Normal University(ZD20210 to P.H.B.)the Hundred Talent Program of Shenyang Normal University(SSDBRJH2002012 to P.H.B.)。
文摘China is the largest rice-producing country,but the genomic landscape of rice diversity has not yet been clarified.In this study,we re-sequence 1070 rice varieties collected from China(400)and other regions in Asia(670).Among the six major rice groups(aus,indica-I,indica-II,aromatic,temperate japonica,and tropical japonica),almost all Chinese varieties belong to the indica-II or temperate japonica group.Most Chinese indica varieties belong to indica-II,which consists of two subgroups developed during different phases of rice breeding.The genomic segments underlying the differences between these subgroups span36.32 Mb.The Chinese japonica rice varieties fall into the temperate japonica group,consisting of two subgroups based on their geographical distribution.The genomic segments underlying the differences between these subgroups span 27.69 Mb.These differentiated segments in the Chinese indica varieties span 45 genes with nonsynonymous mutations that are closely related to variations in plant height and grain width.Fifty-four genes with nonsynonymous mutations are associated with the differences in heading date between the two Chinese japonica subgroups.These findings provide new insights into rice diversity in China that will facilitate the molecular breeding.
