Accurate and sensitive strategies for Concanavalin A(Con A)sensing are conducive to the better cognition of various important biological and physiological processes.Here,by designing dextran-functionalized fluorescent...Accurate and sensitive strategies for Concanavalin A(Con A)sensing are conducive to the better cognition of various important biological and physiological processes.Here,by designing dextran-functionalized fluorescent microspheres(DxFMs)and boric acid-modified carbon dots(BCDs)as recognition unit and built-in signal reference respectively,a ratiometric fluorescent detection platform was proposed for Con A detection with high reliability.In this protocol,the BCDs/DxFMs precipitation was formed due to the covalent interactions between cis-diol of DxFMs and boronic acid groups of BCDs,thus only fluorescence of BCDs could be detected in the supernatant.When Con A was presented,it could bind to DxFMs through its carbohydrate recognition ability and suppress the subsequent assembly between DxFMs and BCDs,leading to the simultaneous capture of DxFMs and BCDs fluorescence in the supernatant.Since the BCDs content was superfluous,their fluorescence intensities were basically constant in all cases.Based on the unchanged BCDs fluorescence signal and target-dependent DxFMs fluorescence signal in supernatant,the ratiometric detection of Con A was realized.Under optimized conditions,this ratiometric fluorescent platform displayed a linear detection range from 0.125μg/mL to 12.5μg/mL with a detection limit of 0.089μg/mL.Moreover,satisfied analytical outcomes for Con A detection in serum samples were obtained,manifesting huge application potential of this ratiometric fluorescent platform in clinical diagnosis.展开更多
Accurate discrimination of cell subtypes at the molecular level is especially important for cancer diagnosis,but no current method allows rapid and precise detection of breast cancer subtypes.Herein,we developed an el...Accurate discrimination of cell subtypes at the molecular level is especially important for cancer diagnosis,but no current method allows rapid and precise detection of breast cancer subtypes.Herein,we developed an elegant DNA walker for direct and rapid differentiation of breast cancer cell subtypes via detection of dual-miRNAs in clinical tissue samples.This DNA nanomachine can be specifically initiated by endogenous miR-21 and miR-31,and the sensitivity was dramatically improved due to the DNAzyme-mediated signal amplification.This DNA walker enabled rapid detection of double miRNA characteristics in different breast cell lines and also distinguished the fluctuations in a single cell.Applications of this DNAzyme-based nanomachine in vivo and in clinical samples were demonstrated for efficient detection of breast cancer subtypes,making the method generally applicable for precise management of cancers.展开更多
DNA methyltransferase 1(DNMT1)is a useful biomarker for lung cancer in early clinical diagnosis.A rapid magnetic chemiluminescence immunoassay(MCLIA)for DNMT1 in human serum has been developed.Horseradish peroxidase(H...DNA methyltransferase 1(DNMT1)is a useful biomarker for lung cancer in early clinical diagnosis.A rapid magnetic chemiluminescence immunoassay(MCLIA)for DNMT1 in human serum has been developed.Horseradish peroxidase(HRP)-second-Ab was used to labeled polyclonal antibodies of anti-DNMT1.DNMT1 in sample integrates with specific immunomagnetic beads and can constitute a supersandwiched immunoreaction.In magnetic field,nonspecific materials can be separated.After luminescent substrate luminol-H2O2-BIP was added,the relative light unit(RLU)of HRP was detected and was discovered to be directly proportional to the content of DNMT1 in sample.The correlative variables involved in the MCLIA value were optimized and the methodological evaluation was carried out.After optimization,in the range of0.5–128 ng/mL,the linear regression equation was y=0.5014 x+1.769(x was logCDNMT1,y was relative luminescence units(RLU)/RLU0),and the limit of detection was 0.01 ng/mL.The RSD of intra-and interassays were 15.8%–16.9%and 14.3%–18.1%,respectively.The recovery was from 70.0%to 106.2%.Furthermore,paralleled with purchasable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)kits,MCLEIA had lower detection limit,wider linear range and shorter detection time.Therefore,the MCLEIA established in this study could be used for the sensitive detection of DNMT1 in serum sample.展开更多
Intracellular pH plays a significant role in various biological processes, including cell proliferation,apoptosis, metabolism, enzyme activity and homeostasis. In this work, a novel design strategy for the preparation...Intracellular pH plays a significant role in various biological processes, including cell proliferation,apoptosis, metabolism, enzyme activity and homeostasis. In this work, a novel design strategy for the preparation of pH responsive carbon dots(CDs-pH) for ratiometric intracellular imaging was reported. By using SciFinder database, fluorescent CDs-pH with the required p Kavalue of 6.84 were rationally designed, which is vital important for precise sensing of intracellular pH. As a result, the synthesized CDspH demonstrated robust ability to test pH fluctuations within the physiological range of 5.4-7.4. The CDspH was further utilized for fluorescent ratiometric imaging of pH in living HeLa cells, effectively avoided the influence of autofluorescence from native cellular species. Moreover, real-time monitoring of intracellular pH fluctuation under heat shock was successfully realized. This SciFinder-guided design strategy is simple and flexible, which has a great potential to be used for the development of other types of CDs for various applications.展开更多
Monitoring the intracellular adenosine triphosphate(ATP)level is vital for elaborating its function in physiological states.However,the intracellular fluorescence sensing of ATP using ATP aptamer remains difficult owi...Monitoring the intracellular adenosine triphosphate(ATP)level is vital for elaborating its function in physiological states.However,the intracellular fluorescence sensing of ATP using ATP aptamer remains difficult owing to non-target displacement and susceptibility toward enzymatic degradation.Herein,by combining 2D Cu-MOF nanosheets and FAM labelled ATP aptamer,we developed a fluorescent Cu-MOFs/aptamer nanoprobe to image and sense intracellular ATP.This nanoprobe reveals a very low fluorescence intensity because of the excellent quenching efficiency of 2D Cu-MOF nanosheets.The presence of ATP was capable to dissociate the FAM-aptamer from Cu-MOF nanosheets and resulted in an intense fluorescence signal.The Cu-MOFs/aptamer nanoprobe enables highly sensitive and selective measurement of ATP level ranging from 10μM to 800μM with a detection limit of 4.24μM.This nanosystem also further realized in situ detection of the undulation of ATP trigged by drug stimulation,depending on the selective delivery of the nanoprobe and attractive capability of resisting nonspecific displacement.The constructed nanoprobe may supply a potential platform in clinical diagnostics and biological studies.展开更多
Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities that efficiently overcome the drawbacks of natural enzymes in biosensing,detection,and biomedical fields,and they are the most widely used artificial enzymes.Owi...Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities that efficiently overcome the drawbacks of natural enzymes in biosensing,detection,and biomedical fields,and they are the most widely used artificial enzymes.Owing to their excellent catalytic characteristics,biocompatibility,and environmental favorability,carbondots-based(CDs) nanozymes have inspired a research upsurge.However,no review focusing on CDs nanozymes has been published,even though substantial advances have been achieved.Herein,the advances,catalytic activities,and applications of CDs nanozymes are highlighted and summarized.In addition,the critical issues and challenges of researching nanozymes are discussed.We hope that this review will broaden the horizons of nanozymes and CDs nanozymes,as well as promote their development.展开更多
The development of new carbon dots(CDs)for fluorescence-based cancer diagnosis has recently attracted extensive attention.Diagnosis methods based on ligand-receptor fluorescence suffer from the heterogeneity of recept...The development of new carbon dots(CDs)for fluorescence-based cancer diagnosis has recently attracted extensive attention.Diagnosis methods based on ligand-receptor fluorescence suffer from the heterogeneity of receptor expression.Changes in the microenvironments of cancer cells provide opportunities for accurate and broad-spectrum cancer diagnosis.The lysosomes in cancer cells have lower polarity and higher viscosity than normal cells.Based on these two key microenvironmental parameters,dual-responsive CDs with inherent lysosome-targeting ability were synthesized via one-step hydrothermal treatment.The CDs exhibit many advantageous properties including facile synthesis,good water solubility,pH-independent emission,excellent photostability,good biocompatibility,and wash-free imaging ability.The CDs were successfully employed in the fluorescence-based discrimination of a broad spectrum of cancer cells from normal cells with high contrast.The CDs are promising candidates for use in the field of cancer diagnosis.展开更多
For the performance improvement of microbial fuel cells(MFCs),the anode becomes a breakthrough point due to its influence on bacterial attachment and extracellular electron transfer(EET).On other level,carbon material...For the performance improvement of microbial fuel cells(MFCs),the anode becomes a breakthrough point due to its influence on bacterial attachment and extracellular electron transfer(EET).On other level,carbon materials possess the following features:low cost,rich natural abundance,good thermal and chemical stability,as well as tunable surface properties and spatial structure.Therefore,the development of carbon materials and carbon-based composites has flourished in the anode of MFCs during the past years.In this review,the major carbon materials used to decorate MFC anodes have been systematically summarized,based on the differences in composition and structure.Moreover,we have also outlined the carbon material-based hybrid biofilms and carbon material-modified exoelectrogens in MFCs,along with the discussion of known strategies and mechanisms to enhance the bacteria-hosting capabilities of carbon material-based anodes,EET efficiencies,and MFC performances.Finally,the main challenges coupled with some exploratory proposals are also expounded for providing some guidance on the future development of carbon material-based anodes in MFCs.展开更多
Precise diagnostic approaches have great potential in cancer intervention and prognosis.Although diverse DNA nanoprobes have been reported for tumor diagnosis,precise tumor imaging in vivo still encounters a great cha...Precise diagnostic approaches have great potential in cancer intervention and prognosis.Although diverse DNA nanoprobes have been reported for tumor diagnosis,precise tumor imaging in vivo still encounters a great challenge due to the scarcity of exquisite design methodology.Herein,by assembling three programmable modules on a DNA triangular prism,we engineered a DNA nanorobot for simultaneous recognition of extracellular pH and cancer cell membrane receptor in an intelligent manner.Since the design uses two heterogeneous types of biomarkers as inputs,pH-RE not only could discriminate target tumor cells from similar cell mixtures with a recognition accuracy as high as 98.8%,but also could perform precise tumor imaging in living mice by intravenous injection.We expect that this extracellular pH and membrane receptor dual-driven DNA nanorobot will facilitate the establishment of a novel design paradigm for precise cancer diagnosis and therapy.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Project of Science and Technology of Henan Province(No.212102310334)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21974125,22174131).
文摘Accurate and sensitive strategies for Concanavalin A(Con A)sensing are conducive to the better cognition of various important biological and physiological processes.Here,by designing dextran-functionalized fluorescent microspheres(DxFMs)and boric acid-modified carbon dots(BCDs)as recognition unit and built-in signal reference respectively,a ratiometric fluorescent detection platform was proposed for Con A detection with high reliability.In this protocol,the BCDs/DxFMs precipitation was formed due to the covalent interactions between cis-diol of DxFMs and boronic acid groups of BCDs,thus only fluorescence of BCDs could be detected in the supernatant.When Con A was presented,it could bind to DxFMs through its carbohydrate recognition ability and suppress the subsequent assembly between DxFMs and BCDs,leading to the simultaneous capture of DxFMs and BCDs fluorescence in the supernatant.Since the BCDs content was superfluous,their fluorescence intensities were basically constant in all cases.Based on the unchanged BCDs fluorescence signal and target-dependent DxFMs fluorescence signal in supernatant,the ratiometric detection of Con A was realized.Under optimized conditions,this ratiometric fluorescent platform displayed a linear detection range from 0.125μg/mL to 12.5μg/mL with a detection limit of 0.089μg/mL.Moreover,satisfied analytical outcomes for Con A detection in serum samples were obtained,manifesting huge application potential of this ratiometric fluorescent platform in clinical diagnosis.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.21974125)the Program for Science and Technology Innovation Teams in Universities of Henan Province(grant no.22IRTSTHN002)+3 种基金the Key Project of Science and Technology of Henan Province(grant no.212102310334)111 Project of Henan Province(grant no.CXJD2021001)the Collaborative Innovation Project of Zhengzhou(grant no.18XTZX12002)Special Funds for the Construction of Innovative Provinces in Hunan Province(grant no.2019RS1031).
文摘Accurate discrimination of cell subtypes at the molecular level is especially important for cancer diagnosis,but no current method allows rapid and precise detection of breast cancer subtypes.Herein,we developed an elegant DNA walker for direct and rapid differentiation of breast cancer cell subtypes via detection of dual-miRNAs in clinical tissue samples.This DNA nanomachine can be specifically initiated by endogenous miR-21 and miR-31,and the sensitivity was dramatically improved due to the DNAzyme-mediated signal amplification.This DNA walker enabled rapid detection of double miRNA characteristics in different breast cell lines and also distinguished the fluctuations in a single cell.Applications of this DNAzyme-based nanomachine in vivo and in clinical samples were demonstrated for efficient detection of breast cancer subtypes,making the method generally applicable for precise management of cancers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81402721,81573203,21605131)Science and Technology Department of Henan Province(No.22170004)
文摘DNA methyltransferase 1(DNMT1)is a useful biomarker for lung cancer in early clinical diagnosis.A rapid magnetic chemiluminescence immunoassay(MCLIA)for DNMT1 in human serum has been developed.Horseradish peroxidase(HRP)-second-Ab was used to labeled polyclonal antibodies of anti-DNMT1.DNMT1 in sample integrates with specific immunomagnetic beads and can constitute a supersandwiched immunoreaction.In magnetic field,nonspecific materials can be separated.After luminescent substrate luminol-H2O2-BIP was added,the relative light unit(RLU)of HRP was detected and was discovered to be directly proportional to the content of DNMT1 in sample.The correlative variables involved in the MCLIA value were optimized and the methodological evaluation was carried out.After optimization,in the range of0.5–128 ng/mL,the linear regression equation was y=0.5014 x+1.769(x was logCDNMT1,y was relative luminescence units(RLU)/RLU0),and the limit of detection was 0.01 ng/mL.The RSD of intra-and interassays were 15.8%–16.9%and 14.3%–18.1%,respectively.The recovery was from 70.0%to 106.2%.Furthermore,paralleled with purchasable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)kits,MCLEIA had lower detection limit,wider linear range and shorter detection time.Therefore,the MCLEIA established in this study could be used for the sensitive detection of DNMT1 in serum sample.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21205108)the Foundation for University Key Teacher by Henan Province (No. 2017GGJS007)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Nos. 2017M620302, 2018T110736)the Key Scientific Research Project in Universities of Henan Province (No. 19A150048)
文摘Intracellular pH plays a significant role in various biological processes, including cell proliferation,apoptosis, metabolism, enzyme activity and homeostasis. In this work, a novel design strategy for the preparation of pH responsive carbon dots(CDs-pH) for ratiometric intracellular imaging was reported. By using SciFinder database, fluorescent CDs-pH with the required p Kavalue of 6.84 were rationally designed, which is vital important for precise sensing of intracellular pH. As a result, the synthesized CDspH demonstrated robust ability to test pH fluctuations within the physiological range of 5.4-7.4. The CDspH was further utilized for fluorescent ratiometric imaging of pH in living HeLa cells, effectively avoided the influence of autofluorescence from native cellular species. Moreover, real-time monitoring of intracellular pH fluctuation under heat shock was successfully realized. This SciFinder-guided design strategy is simple and flexible, which has a great potential to be used for the development of other types of CDs for various applications.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21974125 and 21605038)the National 111 Project of China(D20003)the Collaborative Innovation Project of Zhengzhou(Zhengzhou University)(Grant No.18XTZX12002)
文摘Monitoring the intracellular adenosine triphosphate(ATP)level is vital for elaborating its function in physiological states.However,the intracellular fluorescence sensing of ATP using ATP aptamer remains difficult owing to non-target displacement and susceptibility toward enzymatic degradation.Herein,by combining 2D Cu-MOF nanosheets and FAM labelled ATP aptamer,we developed a fluorescent Cu-MOFs/aptamer nanoprobe to image and sense intracellular ATP.This nanoprobe reveals a very low fluorescence intensity because of the excellent quenching efficiency of 2D Cu-MOF nanosheets.The presence of ATP was capable to dissociate the FAM-aptamer from Cu-MOF nanosheets and resulted in an intense fluorescence signal.The Cu-MOFs/aptamer nanoprobe enables highly sensitive and selective measurement of ATP level ranging from 10μM to 800μM with a detection limit of 4.24μM.This nanosystem also further realized in situ detection of the undulation of ATP trigged by drug stimulation,depending on the selective delivery of the nanoprobe and attractive capability of resisting nonspecific displacement.The constructed nanoprobe may supply a potential platform in clinical diagnostics and biological studies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21974125, 21708035)the Collaborative Innovation Project of Zhengzhou (Zhengzhou University)(No.18XTZX12002)the 111 Project (No.D20003)。
文摘Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-like activities that efficiently overcome the drawbacks of natural enzymes in biosensing,detection,and biomedical fields,and they are the most widely used artificial enzymes.Owing to their excellent catalytic characteristics,biocompatibility,and environmental favorability,carbondots-based(CDs) nanozymes have inspired a research upsurge.However,no review focusing on CDs nanozymes has been published,even though substantial advances have been achieved.Herein,the advances,catalytic activities,and applications of CDs nanozymes are highlighted and summarized.In addition,the critical issues and challenges of researching nanozymes are discussed.We hope that this review will broaden the horizons of nanozymes and CDs nanozymes,as well as promote their development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21974125,21708035)Program for Innovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in University of Henan Province(No.22TRTSTHN002)+1 种基金the 111 Project of Henan Province(No.CXJD2021001)National 111 Project(No.D20003).
文摘The development of new carbon dots(CDs)for fluorescence-based cancer diagnosis has recently attracted extensive attention.Diagnosis methods based on ligand-receptor fluorescence suffer from the heterogeneity of receptor expression.Changes in the microenvironments of cancer cells provide opportunities for accurate and broad-spectrum cancer diagnosis.The lysosomes in cancer cells have lower polarity and higher viscosity than normal cells.Based on these two key microenvironmental parameters,dual-responsive CDs with inherent lysosome-targeting ability were synthesized via one-step hydrothermal treatment.The CDs exhibit many advantageous properties including facile synthesis,good water solubility,pH-independent emission,excellent photostability,good biocompatibility,and wash-free imaging ability.The CDs were successfully employed in the fluorescence-based discrimination of a broad spectrum of cancer cells from normal cells with high contrast.The CDs are promising candidates for use in the field of cancer diagnosis.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21804070,21974125)the starting fund from City University of Hong Kong and the 111 Project(D20015).
文摘For the performance improvement of microbial fuel cells(MFCs),the anode becomes a breakthrough point due to its influence on bacterial attachment and extracellular electron transfer(EET).On other level,carbon materials possess the following features:low cost,rich natural abundance,good thermal and chemical stability,as well as tunable surface properties and spatial structure.Therefore,the development of carbon materials and carbon-based composites has flourished in the anode of MFCs during the past years.In this review,the major carbon materials used to decorate MFC anodes have been systematically summarized,based on the differences in composition and structure.Moreover,we have also outlined the carbon material-based hybrid biofilms and carbon material-modified exoelectrogens in MFCs,along with the discussion of known strategies and mechanisms to enhance the bacteria-hosting capabilities of carbon material-based anodes,EET efficiencies,and MFC performances.Finally,the main challenges coupled with some exploratory proposals are also expounded for providing some guidance on the future development of carbon material-based anodes in MFCs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.21974125 and 21605038)the National 111 Project of China(no.D20003)+1 种基金Zhongyuan Scholars Program(no.202101510005)the Collaborative Innovation Project of Zhengzhou(Zhengzhou University)(grant no.18XTZX12002).
文摘Precise diagnostic approaches have great potential in cancer intervention and prognosis.Although diverse DNA nanoprobes have been reported for tumor diagnosis,precise tumor imaging in vivo still encounters a great challenge due to the scarcity of exquisite design methodology.Herein,by assembling three programmable modules on a DNA triangular prism,we engineered a DNA nanorobot for simultaneous recognition of extracellular pH and cancer cell membrane receptor in an intelligent manner.Since the design uses two heterogeneous types of biomarkers as inputs,pH-RE not only could discriminate target tumor cells from similar cell mixtures with a recognition accuracy as high as 98.8%,but also could perform precise tumor imaging in living mice by intravenous injection.We expect that this extracellular pH and membrane receptor dual-driven DNA nanorobot will facilitate the establishment of a novel design paradigm for precise cancer diagnosis and therapy.
