The kinetics of K+ absorption and the utilization of both applied K and K in a calcareous alluvisol with low available K by different genotypes of grain amaranth (Amaranthus spp.), an ancient pseudo-cereal that produc...The kinetics of K+ absorption and the utilization of both applied K and K in a calcareous alluvisol with low available K by different genotypes of grain amaranth (Amaranthus spp.), an ancient pseudo-cereal that produces a large biomass and a rich source of healthy nutrients and mineral elements, were studied by means of ion depletion technique and pot experiments. Grain amaranth had a high affinity for K+ uptake in comparison with corn and cotton. However, there were differences among Amaranthus spp. in K absorption and utilization. Some cultivars such as R104, CX-4, Du001, Hy015 and Hr029 which had a higher rate of K absorption and stronger affinity for K+ were typical varieties with high K-use efficiency (KUE). The results showed that high KUE cultivars grew quickly, possessed stronger ability to take up soil slowly available K and mineral K, and did not respond to K fertilization in the soil with low available K. Correspondingly, grain amaranth cultivars CX-77, Cr024, Vd001, Re003 and Sn003 were relatively low in KUE. Compared with high KUE cultivars, they took up more soil available K and both of their dry matter accumulation and K uptake responded to K applied significantly.展开更多
The milk protein polymorphisms were typed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)from 109 Maiwa and 100 Jiulong yaks, and the relationships among milk protein polymorphisms,milking traits and milk protein composi...The milk protein polymorphisms were typed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)from 109 Maiwa and 100 Jiulong yaks, and the relationships among milk protein polymorphisms,milking traits and milk protein compositions were studied. The results showed thatβ-CN,κ-CN andα-La were monomorphic,αs1-CN andβ-Lg were polymorphic, the dominantgenes were αs1-CN D and β-Lg E,respectively. The frequencies of αs1-CN D were 0.8073and 0.6000 and β-Lg E were 0.9770 and 0.9700 in two populations respectively.The meanheterozygosities were 0.1021 and 0.1867 in two populations. No significant effects onmilking traits and milk protein compositions were observed except for αs1-CN locus onfat percentage in Jiulong yak.展开更多
A new avirulent, heat-resistance HB92 strain of newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) was acquired from Australia V4 strain. Its complete nucleotides sequence was first determined. The entire genome of NDV HB92 consists of 15...A new avirulent, heat-resistance HB92 strain of newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) was acquired from Australia V4 strain. Its complete nucleotides sequence was first determined. The entire genome of NDV HB92 consists of 15 186 nucleotides (GenBank accession no. AY225110). It was demonstrated by sequence analysis that nucleotides homology of HB92 strain with virulent strain ZJ1 were 83.9%, and the homology compared with avirulent vaccine strain La Sota and B1 were 94.0% and 93.5%, respectively. These results might be contributive to the study of the molecular mechanism of evolution of the NDV strain HB92 and to develop the engineered recombinant vaccine.展开更多
A new inorganic phosphorus(IP) fractionation scheme developed by Jiang and Gu wasused in an incubation experiment to investigate the transformation of applied P in a calcareous fluvisol.The results show that after add...A new inorganic phosphorus(IP) fractionation scheme developed by Jiang and Gu wasused in an incubation experiment to investigate the transformation of applied P in a calcareous fluvisol.The results show that after addition of common superphosphate (CSP),the Ca2-P in the soil decreased gradually and transformed largely to the less available Fe-P,Al-P and Ca8-P,rather than to the unavailable forms of Ca10-P and O-P.The different IP fractions ranked in the following order with respect to the increment by addition of CSP after 120 days of incubation:Fe-P>Al-P>Ca8-P>Ca2-P.After addition of pig manure,the content of Ca2-P in the soil increased rapidly at first and then decreased slowly,and the amount of different IP fractions accumulated after 120 days of incubation ranked in the following order:Ca2-P>Fe-P>Ca8-P>Al-P.Evidently,the variation in content of Ca2-P and the order of increase in different IP fractions in incubation induced by application of pig manure were quite different from that of CSP.The increase in IP fractions in the incubation of broad bean green manure (BBGM) for 120 days was in the rank of Fe-P>Ca2-P>Ca8-P;but because organic phosphorus(OP)of BBGM degraded relatively slowly,the increment in IP fractions was lower than that of pig manure.Wheat straw was difficult to mineralize and induced a strong biological fixation of soil P,resulting in a decrease of the content of Ca2-P,even Ca8-P,Fe-P and Al-P.展开更多
Porcine colostrum and milk were separated into the acid-soluble fraction (SF) and casein frac-tion (CF) by centrifuge. Trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitory capacity in porcine colostrum, milk and theircomponents were d...Porcine colostrum and milk were separated into the acid-soluble fraction (SF) and casein frac-tion (CF) by centrifuge. Trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitory capacity in porcine colostrum, milk and theircomponents were determined by incubating bovine trypsin or chymotrypsin in a medium. The inhibition of in-sulin-like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) degradation in pig small intestinal con-tents by porcine colostrum was measured by incubating iodinated IGF-Ⅰ or EGF. Degradation of labeled IGF-Ⅰor EGF was determined by monitoring the generation of radioactivity soluble in 30% trichloroacetic acid(TCA). The results showed that porcine colostrum had high levels of trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitory ac-tivity and increased the stability of IGF-Ⅰ and EGF in pig intestinal contents. The SF was higher in inhibitorypotency than CF. The present study revealed that the protease inhibitors in porcine colostrum, milk-derivedand colostrum-specific, existed mainly in SF.展开更多
Porcine colostrum was separated into the acid soluble fraction (SF) and casein fraction (CF) by acidifying followed by centrifuge. SF was further separated by liquid chromatography and anisotropic membrane filtration....Porcine colostrum was separated into the acid soluble fraction (SF) and casein fraction (CF) by acidifying followed by centrifuge. SF was further separated by liquid chromatography and anisotropic membrane filtration. Capacities of the SF or CF of porcine colostrum, to inhibit trypsin and chymotrypsin activity and to inhibit the epidermal growth factor (EGF) degradation in pig small intestinal contents, were determined under different heat treatments. The study showed that trypsin inhibitors in porcine colostrum survived heat treatments of 100℃ water bath for up to 10 min, but exposure to boiling water bath for 30 min significantly decreased the inhibitory activity. Compared with the trypsin inhibitors, the chymotrypsin inhibitors were more heat sensitive. SF was more heat sensitive than CF. Separation of the SF of porcine colostrum by liquid chromatography and anisotropic membrane filtration revealed that the porcine colostrum protease inhibitors, those had the capacity to inhibit the trypsin chymotrypsin activity and enhanced the stability of EGF in the gastrointestinal(GI) lumen of weaned pigs, existed mainly in SF, milk derived, were a group of heat labile small proteins with molecular weight of 10 00050 000.展开更多
文摘The kinetics of K+ absorption and the utilization of both applied K and K in a calcareous alluvisol with low available K by different genotypes of grain amaranth (Amaranthus spp.), an ancient pseudo-cereal that produces a large biomass and a rich source of healthy nutrients and mineral elements, were studied by means of ion depletion technique and pot experiments. Grain amaranth had a high affinity for K+ uptake in comparison with corn and cotton. However, there were differences among Amaranthus spp. in K absorption and utilization. Some cultivars such as R104, CX-4, Du001, Hy015 and Hr029 which had a higher rate of K absorption and stronger affinity for K+ were typical varieties with high K-use efficiency (KUE). The results showed that high KUE cultivars grew quickly, possessed stronger ability to take up soil slowly available K and mineral K, and did not respond to K fertilization in the soil with low available K. Correspondingly, grain amaranth cultivars CX-77, Cr024, Vd001, Re003 and Sn003 were relatively low in KUE. Compared with high KUE cultivars, they took up more soil available K and both of their dry matter accumulation and K uptake responded to K applied significantly.
基金supported by the Nationa1 Natura1 Science Foundation of China(39870607).
文摘The milk protein polymorphisms were typed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)from 109 Maiwa and 100 Jiulong yaks, and the relationships among milk protein polymorphisms,milking traits and milk protein compositions were studied. The results showed thatβ-CN,κ-CN andα-La were monomorphic,αs1-CN andβ-Lg were polymorphic, the dominantgenes were αs1-CN D and β-Lg E,respectively. The frequencies of αs1-CN D were 0.8073and 0.6000 and β-Lg E were 0.9770 and 0.9700 in two populations respectively.The meanheterozygosities were 0.1021 and 0.1867 in two populations. No significant effects onmilking traits and milk protein compositions were observed except for αs1-CN locus onfat percentage in Jiulong yak.
文摘A new avirulent, heat-resistance HB92 strain of newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) was acquired from Australia V4 strain. Its complete nucleotides sequence was first determined. The entire genome of NDV HB92 consists of 15 186 nucleotides (GenBank accession no. AY225110). It was demonstrated by sequence analysis that nucleotides homology of HB92 strain with virulent strain ZJ1 were 83.9%, and the homology compared with avirulent vaccine strain La Sota and B1 were 94.0% and 93.5%, respectively. These results might be contributive to the study of the molecular mechanism of evolution of the NDV strain HB92 and to develop the engineered recombinant vaccine.
文摘A new inorganic phosphorus(IP) fractionation scheme developed by Jiang and Gu wasused in an incubation experiment to investigate the transformation of applied P in a calcareous fluvisol.The results show that after addition of common superphosphate (CSP),the Ca2-P in the soil decreased gradually and transformed largely to the less available Fe-P,Al-P and Ca8-P,rather than to the unavailable forms of Ca10-P and O-P.The different IP fractions ranked in the following order with respect to the increment by addition of CSP after 120 days of incubation:Fe-P>Al-P>Ca8-P>Ca2-P.After addition of pig manure,the content of Ca2-P in the soil increased rapidly at first and then decreased slowly,and the amount of different IP fractions accumulated after 120 days of incubation ranked in the following order:Ca2-P>Fe-P>Ca8-P>Al-P.Evidently,the variation in content of Ca2-P and the order of increase in different IP fractions in incubation induced by application of pig manure were quite different from that of CSP.The increase in IP fractions in the incubation of broad bean green manure (BBGM) for 120 days was in the rank of Fe-P>Ca2-P>Ca8-P;but because organic phosphorus(OP)of BBGM degraded relatively slowly,the increment in IP fractions was lower than that of pig manure.Wheat straw was difficult to mineralize and induced a strong biological fixation of soil P,resulting in a decrease of the content of Ca2-P,even Ca8-P,Fe-P and Al-P.
文摘Porcine colostrum and milk were separated into the acid-soluble fraction (SF) and casein frac-tion (CF) by centrifuge. Trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitory capacity in porcine colostrum, milk and theircomponents were determined by incubating bovine trypsin or chymotrypsin in a medium. The inhibition of in-sulin-like growth factor Ⅰ (IGF-Ⅰ) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) degradation in pig small intestinal con-tents by porcine colostrum was measured by incubating iodinated IGF-Ⅰ or EGF. Degradation of labeled IGF-Ⅰor EGF was determined by monitoring the generation of radioactivity soluble in 30% trichloroacetic acid(TCA). The results showed that porcine colostrum had high levels of trypsin and chymotrypsin inhibitory ac-tivity and increased the stability of IGF-Ⅰ and EGF in pig intestinal contents. The SF was higher in inhibitorypotency than CF. The present study revealed that the protease inhibitors in porcine colostrum, milk-derivedand colostrum-specific, existed mainly in SF.
文摘Porcine colostrum was separated into the acid soluble fraction (SF) and casein fraction (CF) by acidifying followed by centrifuge. SF was further separated by liquid chromatography and anisotropic membrane filtration. Capacities of the SF or CF of porcine colostrum, to inhibit trypsin and chymotrypsin activity and to inhibit the epidermal growth factor (EGF) degradation in pig small intestinal contents, were determined under different heat treatments. The study showed that trypsin inhibitors in porcine colostrum survived heat treatments of 100℃ water bath for up to 10 min, but exposure to boiling water bath for 30 min significantly decreased the inhibitory activity. Compared with the trypsin inhibitors, the chymotrypsin inhibitors were more heat sensitive. SF was more heat sensitive than CF. Separation of the SF of porcine colostrum by liquid chromatography and anisotropic membrane filtration revealed that the porcine colostrum protease inhibitors, those had the capacity to inhibit the trypsin chymotrypsin activity and enhanced the stability of EGF in the gastrointestinal(GI) lumen of weaned pigs, existed mainly in SF, milk derived, were a group of heat labile small proteins with molecular weight of 10 00050 000.
