Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a challenging medical problem, especially in cardiac surgery patients. There is a lack of studies evaluating the rate of and outcomes of SSIs following cardiac surger...Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a challenging medical problem, especially in cardiac surgery patients. There is a lack of studies evaluating the rate of and outcomes of SSIs following cardiac surgeries in Saudi Arabia. Aims: This study aimed to determine the incidence of SSIs after adult cardiac surgeries that were done in Madinah Cardiac Center, Saudi Arabia. Further, to identify the outcomes and risk factors contributing to death among surgical site infection patients. Methods: This was a 6-year, single-center, retrospective cohort study that included 93 consecutive patients who underwent adult cardiac surgery between August 2016 and August 2022. All adult patients aged 18 years or older who had clinical evidence of postoperative surgical wound infection were included. Preoperative, operative, and postoperative data (early and late) were collected from medical records. Microbiological culture reports and clinical outcomes were also recorded. Results: The study revealed a 9.1% (93/1021) incidence rate of SSIs. Of the 93 patients with SSIs, 60 had superficial incisional infections and 33 had deep infections with incidence rates of 5.9% and 3.2%, respectively. In-hospital mortality due to SSI was recorded in 4 out of 93 patients with an incidence rate of 4.3%. There was a significant association between the in-hospital mortality and the type of SSIs (p = 0.014). All non-survivors had deep SSIs. The type of cardiac surgery also showed a significant association with the in-hospital mortality (p = 0.017). Furthermore, the median duration of antibiotic administration was significantly longer in the non-survivors than in the survivors (72.5 vs 17, respectively, p Conclusions: In conclusion, the incidence of surgical wound infections following cardiac surgery is not low (9.1%);of which 3.2% were deep infections. The in-hospital mortality rate after treatment of SSIs was fortunately low (4.3%), and all non-survivors had deep SSIs. The non- survivors showed a significantly longer duration of antibiotics administration than survivors. Combined CABG and valve procedures showed a higher mortality rate (75%) than the isolated procedures.展开更多
Background:The incubation period is a crucial index of epidemiology in understanding the spread of the emerging Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).In this study,we aimed to describe the incubation period of COVID-19 g...Background:The incubation period is a crucial index of epidemiology in understanding the spread of the emerging Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).In this study,we aimed to describe the incubation period of COVID-19 globally and in the mainland of China.Methods:The searched studies were published from December 1,2019 to May 26,2021 in CNKI,Wanfang,PubMed,and Embase databases.A random-efect model was used to pool the mean incubation period.Meta-regression was used to explore the sources of heterogeneity.Meanwhile,we collected 11545 patients in the mainland of China outside Hubei from January 19,2020 to September 21,2020.The incubation period ftted with the Log-normal model by the coarseDataTools package.Results:A total of 3235 articles were searched,53 of which were included in the meta-analysis.The pooled mean incubation period of COVID-19 was 6.0 days(95%confdence interval[CI]5.6–6.5)globally,6.5 days(95%CI 6.1–6.9)in the mainland of China,and 4.6 days(95%CI 4.1–5.1)outside the mainland of China(P=0.006).The incubation period varied with age(P=0.005).Meanwhile,in 11545 patients,the mean incubation period was 7.1 days(95%CI 7.0–7.2),which was similar to the fnding in our meta-analysis.Conclusions:For COVID-19,the mean incubation period was 6.0 days globally but near 7.0 days in the mainland of China,which will help identify the time of infection and make disease control decisions.Furthermore,attention should also be paid to the region-or age-specifc incubation period.展开更多
The uncontrolled spread of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has led to the emergence of different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variants across the globe.The ongoing global v...The uncontrolled spread of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has led to the emergence of different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variants across the globe.The ongoing global vaccination strategy to curtail the COVID-19 juggernaut is threatened by the rapidly spreading variants of concern(VOC)and other regional mutants,which are less responsive to neutralization by infection-or vaccine-derived antibodies(Gomez et al.,2021;Wang et al.,2021).展开更多
文摘Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) remain a challenging medical problem, especially in cardiac surgery patients. There is a lack of studies evaluating the rate of and outcomes of SSIs following cardiac surgeries in Saudi Arabia. Aims: This study aimed to determine the incidence of SSIs after adult cardiac surgeries that were done in Madinah Cardiac Center, Saudi Arabia. Further, to identify the outcomes and risk factors contributing to death among surgical site infection patients. Methods: This was a 6-year, single-center, retrospective cohort study that included 93 consecutive patients who underwent adult cardiac surgery between August 2016 and August 2022. All adult patients aged 18 years or older who had clinical evidence of postoperative surgical wound infection were included. Preoperative, operative, and postoperative data (early and late) were collected from medical records. Microbiological culture reports and clinical outcomes were also recorded. Results: The study revealed a 9.1% (93/1021) incidence rate of SSIs. Of the 93 patients with SSIs, 60 had superficial incisional infections and 33 had deep infections with incidence rates of 5.9% and 3.2%, respectively. In-hospital mortality due to SSI was recorded in 4 out of 93 patients with an incidence rate of 4.3%. There was a significant association between the in-hospital mortality and the type of SSIs (p = 0.014). All non-survivors had deep SSIs. The type of cardiac surgery also showed a significant association with the in-hospital mortality (p = 0.017). Furthermore, the median duration of antibiotic administration was significantly longer in the non-survivors than in the survivors (72.5 vs 17, respectively, p Conclusions: In conclusion, the incidence of surgical wound infections following cardiac surgery is not low (9.1%);of which 3.2% were deep infections. The in-hospital mortality rate after treatment of SSIs was fortunately low (4.3%), and all non-survivors had deep SSIs. The non- survivors showed a significantly longer duration of antibiotics administration than survivors. Combined CABG and valve procedures showed a higher mortality rate (75%) than the isolated procedures.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO.82073618 and NO.82002147)the Key Scientifc Research Projects in Colleges and Universities of Henan Province[20A330004]the National Science and Technology Specifc Projects(NO.2018ZX10301407).
文摘Background:The incubation period is a crucial index of epidemiology in understanding the spread of the emerging Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).In this study,we aimed to describe the incubation period of COVID-19 globally and in the mainland of China.Methods:The searched studies were published from December 1,2019 to May 26,2021 in CNKI,Wanfang,PubMed,and Embase databases.A random-efect model was used to pool the mean incubation period.Meta-regression was used to explore the sources of heterogeneity.Meanwhile,we collected 11545 patients in the mainland of China outside Hubei from January 19,2020 to September 21,2020.The incubation period ftted with the Log-normal model by the coarseDataTools package.Results:A total of 3235 articles were searched,53 of which were included in the meta-analysis.The pooled mean incubation period of COVID-19 was 6.0 days(95%confdence interval[CI]5.6–6.5)globally,6.5 days(95%CI 6.1–6.9)in the mainland of China,and 4.6 days(95%CI 4.1–5.1)outside the mainland of China(P=0.006).The incubation period varied with age(P=0.005).Meanwhile,in 11545 patients,the mean incubation period was 7.1 days(95%CI 7.0–7.2),which was similar to the fnding in our meta-analysis.Conclusions:For COVID-19,the mean incubation period was 6.0 days globally but near 7.0 days in the mainland of China,which will help identify the time of infection and make disease control decisions.Furthermore,attention should also be paid to the region-or age-specifc incubation period.
基金supported by a grant-in-aid fromthe Japan Agency for Medical Researchand Development (JP19fk0108110,JP20he0522001, and JP21fk0108104)。
文摘The uncontrolled spread of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has led to the emergence of different severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)variants across the globe.The ongoing global vaccination strategy to curtail the COVID-19 juggernaut is threatened by the rapidly spreading variants of concern(VOC)and other regional mutants,which are less responsive to neutralization by infection-or vaccine-derived antibodies(Gomez et al.,2021;Wang et al.,2021).
