Barium titanate nanocrystallites were synthesized by a hydrothermal technique from barium chloride and tetrabutyl titanate. Single-crystalline cubic perovskite Ba TiO_3 consisting of spherical particles with diameters...Barium titanate nanocrystallites were synthesized by a hydrothermal technique from barium chloride and tetrabutyl titanate. Single-crystalline cubic perovskite Ba TiO_3 consisting of spherical particles with diameters ranging from 10 to 30 nm was easily achieved by this route. In order to study the influence of the synthesis process on the morphology and the optical properties, barium titanate was also prepared by a solid-state reaction. In this case, only the tetragonal phase which crystallizes above 900 was observed. High-temperature X-ray diffraction measurements were performed to investigate the crystallization temperatures as well as the particle sizes via the Scherrer formula. The lattice vibrations were evidenced by infrared spectroscopy. Eu^(3+)was used as a structural probe, and the luminescence properties recorded from Ba TiO_3 :Eu^(3+)and elaborated by a solid-state reaction and hydrothermal process were compared. The reddish emission of the europium is increased by the nanometric particles.展开更多
Oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is an important electrochemical process for renewable energy conversion and storage applications such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries.ORR is sluggish in kinetics and requires a larg...Oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is an important electrochemical process for renewable energy conversion and storage applications such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries.ORR is sluggish in kinetics and requires a large amount of platinum group metal(PGM)-based catalysts to facilitate its slow reaction rate.Application of precious metals raises the cost and decreases the competitivity of these devices in the market.To address this challenge,PGM-free ORR catalysts have been intensively investigated as an alternative to replace the PGM-based catalysts and to promote the deployment of ORR-related applications.In particular,the biomass holds promising potential to be used as the precursor material for PGM-free ORR catalysts.This pathway has gained more and more attention in recent years.In this review,recent advances regarding biomass-derived ORR catalysts are summarized with a focus on the rational design of both active sites and porous structures which are the two key factors in determining ORR performance of catalysts.At the end,the perspectives of development of biomass-derived catalysts is discussed.展开更多
This paper demonstrates an intrinsic modulation of the cutoff wavelength in the spectra for solar selective absorbing coating based on high-entropy films.The(NiCuCrFeSi)N((NCCFS)N)films were deposited by a magnetron s...This paper demonstrates an intrinsic modulation of the cutoff wavelength in the spectra for solar selective absorbing coating based on high-entropy films.The(NiCuCrFeSi)N((NCCFS)N)films were deposited by a magnetron sputtering system.Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy analysis confirms the uniform composition and good homogeneity of these high-entropy films.The real and imaginary parts of the permittivity for the(NCCFS)N material are calculated on the basis of the reflectance spectral fitting results.A redshift cutoff wavelength of the reflectance spectrum with increasing nitrogen gas flow rate exists because of the different levels of dispersion when changing nitrogen content.To realize significant solar absorption,the film surface was reconstituted to match its impedance with air by designing a pyramid nanostructure metasurface.Compared with the absorptance of the as-deposited films,the designed metasurface obtains a significant improvement in solar absorption with the absorptance increasing from 0.74 to 0.99.The metasurfaces also show low mid-infrared emissions with thermal emittance that can be as low as 0.06.These results demonstrate a new idea in the design of solar selective absorbing surface with controllable absorptance and low infrared emission for high-efficiency photo-thermal conversion.展开更多
In this work, we study the influence of the annealing treatment on the behaviour of titanium dioxide nanotube layers. The heat treatment protocol is actually the key parameter to induce stable oxide layers and needs t...In this work, we study the influence of the annealing treatment on the behaviour of titanium dioxide nanotube layers. The heat treatment protocol is actually the key parameter to induce stable oxide layers and needs to be better understood. Nanotube layers were prepared by electrochemical anodization of Ti foil in 0.4 wt% hydrofluoric acid solution during 20 minutes and then annealed in air atmosphere. In-situ X-ray diffraction analysis, coupled with thermogravimetry, gives us an inside on the oxidation behaviour of titanium dioxide nanotube layers compared to bulk reference samples. Structural studies were performed at 700°C for 12 h in order to follow the time consequences on the oxidation of the material, in sufficient stability conditions. In-situ XRD brought to light that the amorphous oxide layer induced by anodization is responsible for the simultaneous growths of anatase and rutile phase during the first 30 minutes of annealing while the bulk sample oxidation leads to the nucleation of a small amount of anatase TiO<sub>2</sub>. The initial amorphous oxide layer created by anodization is also responsible for the delay in crystallization compared to the bulk sample. Thermogravimetric analysis exhibits parabolic shape of the mass gain for both anodized and bulk sample;this kinetics is caused by the formation of a rutile external protective layer, as depicted by the associated in-situ XRD diffractograms. We recorded that titanium dioxide nanotube layers exhibit a lower mean mass gain than the bulk, because of the presence of an initial amorphous oxide layer on anodized samples. In-situ XRD results also provide accurate information concerning the sub-layers behavior during the annealing treatment for the bulk and nanostructured layer. Anatase crystallites are mainly localized at the interface oxide layer-metal and the rutile is at the external interface. Sample surface topography was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As a probe of the photoactivity of the annealed TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube layers, degradation of an acid orange 7 (AO7) dye solution and 4-chlorophenol under UV irradiation (at 365 nm) were performed. Such titanium dioxide nanotube layers show an efficient photocatalytic activity and the analytical results confirm the degradation mechanism of the 4-chlorophenol reported elsewhere.展开更多
Global ecological concerns have resulted in an interest in renewable natural materials. Composites based on high density polyethylene (HDPE), wood fiber (Veneer) and containing coupling agents like nanoclay (NC) and p...Global ecological concerns have resulted in an interest in renewable natural materials. Composites based on high density polyethylene (HDPE), wood fiber (Veneer) and containing coupling agents like nanoclay (NC) and poly-ethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate (PEGMA) were made by melt compounding and then injection molding. In this study, the effects of two variable parameters namely nanoclay and coupling agent on the rheological and thermal properties of wood polyethylene composites (WPECs) were investigated. The study investigates the morphology phase, rheology behaviors and thermal properties by scanning electron microscope, capillary rheometer and thermal gravimetric analyzer. The SEM micrographs of the composites showed that the outer surfaces of the wood were coated by a section of amorphous lignin. The state of dispersion in HDPE/pine/clay composites was improved by EGMA because it could interact with pine flour in addition to clay. The interaction of reinforcement with coupling agent and HDPE matrix is strong based on the observation of the fracture surface of composites when EGMA is present. However the addition of 2.5% clay slightly lowered the initial degradation temperature (Td) but did not improve the thermal stability. Obviously, all the composites materials exhibit viscoelastic values greater than those of neat HDPE.展开更多
Wood polymer composites (WPCs) were made with pine and polypropylene matrix (PP). The composites were produced by melt blending in a Brabender at 180°C. Characterization of the samples, with the aid of scanning e...Wood polymer composites (WPCs) were made with pine and polypropylene matrix (PP). The composites were produced by melt blending in a Brabender at 180°C. Characterization of the samples, with the aid of scanning electron microscopy supplemented by microscope photography, showed an improved dispersion of wood in the polymeric material in presence of polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride (MAPP) or nanoclay. The use of the MAPP instead of clay seems to have enhanced the level of crystallinity in the composites for the same levels of wood loading and also accelerates the crystallization. Melt rheological measurements of neat PP and PP-wood composites were carried out at 180°C with an ARES Rheometer scientific mechanical spectrometer in oscillatory frequency. All the composites materials exhibit viscoelastic values greater than those for neat PP. The samples containing MAPP as comptabilizer show the higher Newtonian viscosity, however, the addition of a small concentration of nanoparticles like nanoclays does not improve the resulting melt viscoelastic behavior of the composite.展开更多
The thermal, rheological and morphological properties of composite biomaterials made with mixture of high density polyethylene and typha rod powder (RD) were evaluated. The dynamic mechanical behavior of the samples w...The thermal, rheological and morphological properties of composite biomaterials made with mixture of high density polyethylene and typha rod powder (RD) were evaluated. The dynamic mechanical behavior of the samples was studied with 25%, 35% and 45% typha stem powder concentrations. The viscoelastic properties are mainly related to the nature of the polymer and the typha stem powder. Storage (G') and loss (G') moduli increased significantly, depending on the amount of powder in the molten mixture. After a viscosity increase was noticed in low frequency, it decreased in high frequencies, which demonstrates the pseudo-plasticity effect. Morphological and thermal characterization results have shown the dispersion state of the powder and its ability to modify the kinetics crystallization of biocomposites.展开更多
Benefiting from the advantageous features of high safety,abundant reserves,low cost,and high energy density,aqueous Zn-based rechargeable batteries(AZBs)have received extensive attention as promising candidates for en...Benefiting from the advantageous features of high safety,abundant reserves,low cost,and high energy density,aqueous Zn-based rechargeable batteries(AZBs)have received extensive attention as promising candidates for energy storage.To achieve high-performance AZBs with high reversibility and energy density,great efforts have been devoted to overcoming their drawbacks by focusing on the modification of electrode materials and electrolytes.Based on different cathode materials and aqueous electrolytes,the development of aqueous AZBs with different redox mechanisms are discussed in this review,including insertion/extraction chemistries(e.g.,Zn^(2+),alkali metal ion,H^(+),NH_(4)^(+),and so forth dissolution/deposition reactions(e.g.,MnO_(2)/Mn^(2+)),redox couples in flow batteries(e.g.,I_(3)/3I,Br_(2)/Br,and so forth),oxygen electrochemistry(e.g.,O_(2)/OH,O_(2)/O_(2)2),and carbon dioxide electrochemistry(e.g.,CO_(2)/CO,CO_(2)/HCOOH).In particular,the basic reaction mechanisms,issues with the Zn electrode,aqueous electrolytes,and cathode materials as well as their design strategies are systematically reviewed.Finally,the remaining challenges faced by AZBs are summarized,and perspectives for further investigations are proposed.展开更多
Erbium and ytterbium doped barium titanate nanopowders were prepared using the hydrothermal method. A barium titanate structure doped with rare earth ions manifested new characteristics and improved the field of appli...Erbium and ytterbium doped barium titanate nanopowders were prepared using the hydrothermal method. A barium titanate structure doped with rare earth ions manifested new characteristics and improved the field of application of optical devices such as trichromatic tubes, LCD displays, lamps, and infrared lasers. In this work, BaTiO3：Er3＋ and BaTiO3：Yb3＋ were prepared using barium chloride [BaCl2], titanium butoxide [C16H36O4Ti], erbium chloride [ErCl3] and ytterbium chloride [YbCl3] as precursors. Anhydrous methanol was employed as a solvent. Metallic potassium was used to promote solubility in the system and increase the pH to 13. This method yielded the formation of a predominantly cubic structure in both Er3＋ and Yb3＋ doped BaTiO3 powders. Characteristic bondings of BaTiO3 were observed with FT-IR spectroscopy. The predominantly cubic structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and micro-Raman analyses. The particle size（～30 nm） was estimated using the Scherrer equation and X-ray diffraction data. The results were presented and discussed.展开更多
Solar selective absorbing coatings(SSACs)are required to have not only excellent optical property but also outstanding thermal stability for high temperature applications.The optical properties of Mo/ZrSiN/ZrSiON/SiO_...Solar selective absorbing coatings(SSACs)are required to have not only excellent optical property but also outstanding thermal stability for high temperature applications.The optical properties of Mo/ZrSiN/ZrSiON/SiO_(2) SSAC had been optimized successfully before.Herein,we are focusing on the evaluation and mechanism of thermal stability of this multilayer coating for its potential applications in concentrated solar power(CSP)systems.Fortunately,the coating exhibits excellent thermal stability after aging at 400℃ for 1500 h in vacuum.At aging temperature of 500℃ for 1000 h or 600℃ for 300 h in vacuum,the slight inter-diffusion between Mo layer and stainless steel(SS)substrate occurs.At higher aging temperature of 700℃ for 100 h in vacuum,the serious inter-diffusion between Mo layer and SS substrate leads to invalidation of the coating,which has been evidenced by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry(RBS)and X-ray diffraction(XRD)technologies.Additionally,this coating also has an outstanding thermal stability after aging at 400℃for 300 h in air.A heating-cooling cycling(HCC)treatment evidences the good thermal stability of this coating working in cold environment(60℃).The results reveal that this coating can be a promising candidate not only for CSP system in high temperatures but also for usage in cold environment.展开更多
基金the financial support of the SEP-CONACYT(100764&178817)SIP-IPN(20130664 and 20130665) projectsthe financial support of this work by ECOSNord/ANUIES/CONACYT program number M09P01
文摘Barium titanate nanocrystallites were synthesized by a hydrothermal technique from barium chloride and tetrabutyl titanate. Single-crystalline cubic perovskite Ba TiO_3 consisting of spherical particles with diameters ranging from 10 to 30 nm was easily achieved by this route. In order to study the influence of the synthesis process on the morphology and the optical properties, barium titanate was also prepared by a solid-state reaction. In this case, only the tetragonal phase which crystallizes above 900 was observed. High-temperature X-ray diffraction measurements were performed to investigate the crystallization temperatures as well as the particle sizes via the Scherrer formula. The lattice vibrations were evidenced by infrared spectroscopy. Eu^(3+)was used as a structural probe, and the luminescence properties recorded from Ba TiO_3 :Eu^(3+)and elaborated by a solid-state reaction and hydrothermal process were compared. The reddish emission of the europium is increased by the nanometric particles.
基金This study is financially supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)the Fonds de Recherche du Québec—Nature et Technologies(FRQNT),Centre Québécois sur les Materiaux Fonctionnels(CQMF)+3 种基金Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique(INRS)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21805064)SS acknowledges the ECS-Toyota Young Investigator Fellowship.LD acknowledges the scholarship under the International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program by the Office of China Postdoctoral Council(Grant No.20180072)FRQNT for the Postdoctoral scholarship(V2,file number:274384)in Quebec Canada.
文摘Oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is an important electrochemical process for renewable energy conversion and storage applications such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries.ORR is sluggish in kinetics and requires a large amount of platinum group metal(PGM)-based catalysts to facilitate its slow reaction rate.Application of precious metals raises the cost and decreases the competitivity of these devices in the market.To address this challenge,PGM-free ORR catalysts have been intensively investigated as an alternative to replace the PGM-based catalysts and to promote the deployment of ORR-related applications.In particular,the biomass holds promising potential to be used as the precursor material for PGM-free ORR catalysts.This pathway has gained more and more attention in recent years.In this review,recent advances regarding biomass-derived ORR catalysts are summarized with a focus on the rational design of both active sites and porous structures which are the two key factors in determining ORR performance of catalysts.At the end,the perspectives of development of biomass-derived catalysts is discussed.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51732001,U1832219,and 51972013)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2182035)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,the Program of China Scholarships Council(No.201806020161)the Academic Excellence Foundation of Beihang University(BUAA)for Ph.D.Students.
文摘This paper demonstrates an intrinsic modulation of the cutoff wavelength in the spectra for solar selective absorbing coating based on high-entropy films.The(NiCuCrFeSi)N((NCCFS)N)films were deposited by a magnetron sputtering system.Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy analysis confirms the uniform composition and good homogeneity of these high-entropy films.The real and imaginary parts of the permittivity for the(NCCFS)N material are calculated on the basis of the reflectance spectral fitting results.A redshift cutoff wavelength of the reflectance spectrum with increasing nitrogen gas flow rate exists because of the different levels of dispersion when changing nitrogen content.To realize significant solar absorption,the film surface was reconstituted to match its impedance with air by designing a pyramid nanostructure metasurface.Compared with the absorptance of the as-deposited films,the designed metasurface obtains a significant improvement in solar absorption with the absorptance increasing from 0.74 to 0.99.The metasurfaces also show low mid-infrared emissions with thermal emittance that can be as low as 0.06.These results demonstrate a new idea in the design of solar selective absorbing surface with controllable absorptance and low infrared emission for high-efficiency photo-thermal conversion.
文摘In this work, we study the influence of the annealing treatment on the behaviour of titanium dioxide nanotube layers. The heat treatment protocol is actually the key parameter to induce stable oxide layers and needs to be better understood. Nanotube layers were prepared by electrochemical anodization of Ti foil in 0.4 wt% hydrofluoric acid solution during 20 minutes and then annealed in air atmosphere. In-situ X-ray diffraction analysis, coupled with thermogravimetry, gives us an inside on the oxidation behaviour of titanium dioxide nanotube layers compared to bulk reference samples. Structural studies were performed at 700°C for 12 h in order to follow the time consequences on the oxidation of the material, in sufficient stability conditions. In-situ XRD brought to light that the amorphous oxide layer induced by anodization is responsible for the simultaneous growths of anatase and rutile phase during the first 30 minutes of annealing while the bulk sample oxidation leads to the nucleation of a small amount of anatase TiO<sub>2</sub>. The initial amorphous oxide layer created by anodization is also responsible for the delay in crystallization compared to the bulk sample. Thermogravimetric analysis exhibits parabolic shape of the mass gain for both anodized and bulk sample;this kinetics is caused by the formation of a rutile external protective layer, as depicted by the associated in-situ XRD diffractograms. We recorded that titanium dioxide nanotube layers exhibit a lower mean mass gain than the bulk, because of the presence of an initial amorphous oxide layer on anodized samples. In-situ XRD results also provide accurate information concerning the sub-layers behavior during the annealing treatment for the bulk and nanostructured layer. Anatase crystallites are mainly localized at the interface oxide layer-metal and the rutile is at the external interface. Sample surface topography was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). As a probe of the photoactivity of the annealed TiO<sub>2</sub> nanotube layers, degradation of an acid orange 7 (AO7) dye solution and 4-chlorophenol under UV irradiation (at 365 nm) were performed. Such titanium dioxide nanotube layers show an efficient photocatalytic activity and the analytical results confirm the degradation mechanism of the 4-chlorophenol reported elsewhere.
文摘Global ecological concerns have resulted in an interest in renewable natural materials. Composites based on high density polyethylene (HDPE), wood fiber (Veneer) and containing coupling agents like nanoclay (NC) and poly-ethylene-co-glycidyl methacrylate (PEGMA) were made by melt compounding and then injection molding. In this study, the effects of two variable parameters namely nanoclay and coupling agent on the rheological and thermal properties of wood polyethylene composites (WPECs) were investigated. The study investigates the morphology phase, rheology behaviors and thermal properties by scanning electron microscope, capillary rheometer and thermal gravimetric analyzer. The SEM micrographs of the composites showed that the outer surfaces of the wood were coated by a section of amorphous lignin. The state of dispersion in HDPE/pine/clay composites was improved by EGMA because it could interact with pine flour in addition to clay. The interaction of reinforcement with coupling agent and HDPE matrix is strong based on the observation of the fracture surface of composites when EGMA is present. However the addition of 2.5% clay slightly lowered the initial degradation temperature (Td) but did not improve the thermal stability. Obviously, all the composites materials exhibit viscoelastic values greater than those of neat HDPE.
文摘Wood polymer composites (WPCs) were made with pine and polypropylene matrix (PP). The composites were produced by melt blending in a Brabender at 180°C. Characterization of the samples, with the aid of scanning electron microscopy supplemented by microscope photography, showed an improved dispersion of wood in the polymeric material in presence of polypropylene grafted with maleic anhydride (MAPP) or nanoclay. The use of the MAPP instead of clay seems to have enhanced the level of crystallinity in the composites for the same levels of wood loading and also accelerates the crystallization. Melt rheological measurements of neat PP and PP-wood composites were carried out at 180°C with an ARES Rheometer scientific mechanical spectrometer in oscillatory frequency. All the composites materials exhibit viscoelastic values greater than those for neat PP. The samples containing MAPP as comptabilizer show the higher Newtonian viscosity, however, the addition of a small concentration of nanoparticles like nanoclays does not improve the resulting melt viscoelastic behavior of the composite.
文摘The thermal, rheological and morphological properties of composite biomaterials made with mixture of high density polyethylene and typha rod powder (RD) were evaluated. The dynamic mechanical behavior of the samples was studied with 25%, 35% and 45% typha stem powder concentrations. The viscoelastic properties are mainly related to the nature of the polymer and the typha stem powder. Storage (G') and loss (G') moduli increased significantly, depending on the amount of powder in the molten mixture. After a viscosity increase was noticed in low frequency, it decreased in high frequencies, which demonstrates the pseudo-plasticity effect. Morphological and thermal characterization results have shown the dispersion state of the powder and its ability to modify the kinetics crystallization of biocomposites.
基金Centre Québéco is sur les Materiaux FonctionnelsChina Scholarship Council+5 种基金Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Nature et TechnologiesNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaClermont Auvergne MétropoleUniversitéClermont AuvergneI-Site CAP2025Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique。
文摘Benefiting from the advantageous features of high safety,abundant reserves,low cost,and high energy density,aqueous Zn-based rechargeable batteries(AZBs)have received extensive attention as promising candidates for energy storage.To achieve high-performance AZBs with high reversibility and energy density,great efforts have been devoted to overcoming their drawbacks by focusing on the modification of electrode materials and electrolytes.Based on different cathode materials and aqueous electrolytes,the development of aqueous AZBs with different redox mechanisms are discussed in this review,including insertion/extraction chemistries(e.g.,Zn^(2+),alkali metal ion,H^(+),NH_(4)^(+),and so forth dissolution/deposition reactions(e.g.,MnO_(2)/Mn^(2+)),redox couples in flow batteries(e.g.,I_(3)/3I,Br_(2)/Br,and so forth),oxygen electrochemistry(e.g.,O_(2)/OH,O_(2)/O_(2)2),and carbon dioxide electrochemistry(e.g.,CO_(2)/CO,CO_(2)/HCOOH).In particular,the basic reaction mechanisms,issues with the Zn electrode,aqueous electrolytes,and cathode materials as well as their design strategies are systematically reviewed.Finally,the remaining challenges faced by AZBs are summarized,and perspectives for further investigations are proposed.
基金Project supported by CONACYT Through Project 100764the IPN Through Projects SIP-2013664,SIP-2013665SEP-CONACYT ANUIES PROJECT M09P01
文摘Erbium and ytterbium doped barium titanate nanopowders were prepared using the hydrothermal method. A barium titanate structure doped with rare earth ions manifested new characteristics and improved the field of application of optical devices such as trichromatic tubes, LCD displays, lamps, and infrared lasers. In this work, BaTiO3：Er3＋ and BaTiO3：Yb3＋ were prepared using barium chloride [BaCl2], titanium butoxide [C16H36O4Ti], erbium chloride [ErCl3] and ytterbium chloride [YbCl3] as precursors. Anhydrous methanol was employed as a solvent. Metallic potassium was used to promote solubility in the system and increase the pH to 13. This method yielded the formation of a predominantly cubic structure in both Er3＋ and Yb3＋ doped BaTiO3 powders. Characteristic bondings of BaTiO3 were observed with FT-IR spectroscopy. The predominantly cubic structure was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and micro-Raman analyses. The particle size（～30 nm） was estimated using the Scherrer equation and X-ray diffraction data. The results were presented and discussed.
基金the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.51732001,U1832219 and 51972013)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2182035)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Solar selective absorbing coatings(SSACs)are required to have not only excellent optical property but also outstanding thermal stability for high temperature applications.The optical properties of Mo/ZrSiN/ZrSiON/SiO_(2) SSAC had been optimized successfully before.Herein,we are focusing on the evaluation and mechanism of thermal stability of this multilayer coating for its potential applications in concentrated solar power(CSP)systems.Fortunately,the coating exhibits excellent thermal stability after aging at 400℃ for 1500 h in vacuum.At aging temperature of 500℃ for 1000 h or 600℃ for 300 h in vacuum,the slight inter-diffusion between Mo layer and stainless steel(SS)substrate occurs.At higher aging temperature of 700℃ for 100 h in vacuum,the serious inter-diffusion between Mo layer and SS substrate leads to invalidation of the coating,which has been evidenced by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry(RBS)and X-ray diffraction(XRD)technologies.Additionally,this coating also has an outstanding thermal stability after aging at 400℃for 300 h in air.A heating-cooling cycling(HCC)treatment evidences the good thermal stability of this coating working in cold environment(60℃).The results reveal that this coating can be a promising candidate not only for CSP system in high temperatures but also for usage in cold environment.
