Rapidly expanding studies investigate the effects of e-commerce on company operations in the retail market.However,the interaction between agri-food e-commerce(AEC)and the traditional agri-food wholesale industry(AWI)...Rapidly expanding studies investigate the effects of e-commerce on company operations in the retail market.However,the interaction between agri-food e-commerce(AEC)and the traditional agri-food wholesale industry(AWI)has not received enough attention in the existing literature.Based on the provincial panel data from 2013 to 2020 in China,this paper examines the effect of AEC on AWI,comprising three dimensions:digitalization(DIGITAL),agrifood e-commerce infrastructure and supporting services(AECI),and agri-food e-commerce economy(AECE).First,AWI and AEC are measured using an entropy-based combination of indicators.The results indicate that for China as a whole,AWI has remained practically unchanged,whereas AEC exhibits a significant rising trend.Second,the findings of the fixed-effect regression reveal that DIGITAL and AECE tend to raise AWI,whereas AECI negatively affects AWI.Third,threshold regression results indicate that AECI tends to diminish AWI with three-stage inhibitory intensity,which manifests as a first increase and then a drop in the inhibition degree.These results suggest that with the introduction of e-commerce for agricultural product circulation,digital development will have catfish effects that tend to stimulate the vitality of the conventional wholesale industry and promote technical progress.Furthermore,the traditional wholesale industry benefits financially from e-commerce even while it diverts part of the traditional wholesale circulation for agricultural products.展开更多
This paper makes a brief description of the definition and methods of data mining.It describes the characteristics of agricultural data(value delivery,specialization,spatio-temporal bidimensionality)and the status of ...This paper makes a brief description of the definition and methods of data mining.It describes the characteristics of agricultural data(value delivery,specialization,spatio-temporal bidimensionality)and the status of application of data mining technology in agriculture.展开更多
In reference to the status quo of research and the application of the agricultural expert system,this paper analyzes problems existing in the current development,and puts forward the idea of research and development f...In reference to the status quo of research and the application of the agricultural expert system,this paper analyzes problems existing in the current development,and puts forward the idea of research and development for agriculture-specific software. The agent application is discussed,and an agent-based Agricultural Expert System Inspection Tool is constructed. In addition,this paper addresses the outlook in application,potential problems and the development trend of multi-agent-based inspection software for the agricultural expert system.展开更多
Since the reform and opening-up,economy of mountain areas in China has realized considerable development.However,due to such factors as terrain,traffic,and individual differences,compared with plain and coastal areas,...Since the reform and opening-up,economy of mountain areas in China has realized considerable development.However,due to such factors as terrain,traffic,and individual differences,compared with plain and coastal areas,mountain areas still lag far behind.In recent years,informationization construction of China develops rapidly,but it nearly stagnates in mountain rural areas.Information has become an essential factor restricting economic development of rural areas.Based on the survey of current information demand of farmers carried out in Pingshan County in Hebei Province in 2010,this study came up with relevant recommendations,in order to speed up development of rural economic in mountain areas,narrow the regional gap,improve living condition of farmers in mountain areas,and increase income level of farmers in mountain areas.展开更多
To construct the Agricultural Scientific and Technical Information Core Metadata (ASTICM) standard and its expanding principles, and to develop a register system based on ASTICM, the policy and methods of DC (Dublin C...To construct the Agricultural Scientific and Technical Information Core Metadata (ASTICM) standard and its expanding principles, and to develop a register system based on ASTICM, the policy and methods of DC (Dublin Core) and SDBCM (Scientific Database Core Metadata) were studied. The construction of ASTICM has started from the proposed elements of the DCMI (Dublin Core Metadata Initiative), and has expanded the DC and SDBCM with related expanding principles. ASTICM finally includes 75 metadata elements, five expanded principles, and seven application profile creation methods. According to the requirement analysis of a large number of users of agricultural information, a register system based on ASTICM was developed. The ASTICM standard framework and its register system supported the search, sharing, integration exchange and other applications, effectively.展开更多
Photosynthesis is involved in the essential process of transforming light energy into chemical energy.Although the interaction between photosynthesis and the circadian clock has been confirmed,the mechanism of how lig...Photosynthesis is involved in the essential process of transforming light energy into chemical energy.Although the interaction between photosynthesis and the circadian clock has been confirmed,the mechanism of how light intensity affects photosynthesis through the circadian clock remains unclear.Here,we propose a first computational model for circadian-clock-controlled photosynthesis,which consists of the light-sensitive protein P,the core oscillator,photosynthetic genes,and parameters involved in the process of photosynthesis.The model parameters were determined by minimizing the cost function(δ=8.56),which is defined by the errors of expression levels,periods,and phases of the clock genes(CCA1,PRR9,TOC1,ELF4,GI,and RVE8).The model recapitulates the expression pattern of the core oscillator under moderate light intensity(100μmol m^(-2) s^(-1)).Further simulation validated the dynamic behaviors of the circadian clock and photosynthetic outputs under low(62.5μmol m^(-2) s^(-1))and normal(187.5μmol m^(-2) s^(-1))intensities.When exposed to low light intensity,the peak times of clock and photosynthetic genes were shifted backward by 1–2 hours,the period was elongated by approximately the same length,and the photosynthetic parameters attained low values and showed delayed peak times,which confirmed our model predictions.Our study reveals a potential mechanism underlying the circadian regulation of photosynthesis by the clock under different light intensities in tomato.展开更多
The purpose of rural informationization is to provide effective information for farmers,increase production efficiency and income level of farmers in agricultural production.In recent years,under the guidance of No.1 ...The purpose of rural informationization is to provide effective information for farmers,increase production efficiency and income level of farmers in agricultural production.In recent years,under the guidance of No.1 document of central government,China's rural informationization has obtained considerable development.However,due to influence of terrain,mountain areas are still backward in informationization development.Combining actual conditions of Pingshan County of Hebei Province,the authors visited local farmers and made detailed survey on basic conditions of farmers,and analyzed factors obstructing agricultural informationization development in mountain areas,to provide theoretical reference for promoting informationization development in mountain areas and increasing income of local farmers.展开更多
This paper aims to optimize the culling compensation policy from a micro perspective through scenario simulation.Based on an investigation of 273 pig farms in eight regions,four typical pig farms were constructed acco...This paper aims to optimize the culling compensation policy from a micro perspective through scenario simulation.Based on an investigation of 273 pig farms in eight regions,four typical pig farms were constructed according to farm size and breeding mode,representing the swine producers in China.Besides,a decision objective function of pig farms facing suspected African swine fever(ASF)outbreaks was constructed.This study used a mathematical programming model to design and simulate scenarios based on compensation standards and local implementation levels,aiming to incentivize pig farms to report epidemics.The results show that the optimal decisions on epidemic reports differed among typical farms and by herd daily age.The results suggest the following adjustments for optimizing culling compensation policies:(1)to set culling compensation standards based on the market value and(2)to maintain a high level of epidemic surveillance capability in the animal husbandry and veterinary sector.展开更多
Peach aphid is a common pest and hard to detect.This study employs hyperspectral imaging technology to identify early damage in green cabbage caused by peach aphid.Through principal component transformation and multip...Peach aphid is a common pest and hard to detect.This study employs hyperspectral imaging technology to identify early damage in green cabbage caused by peach aphid.Through principal component transformation and multiple linear regression analysis,the correlation relation between spectral characteristics and infestation stage is analyzed.Then,four characteristic wavelength selection methods are compared and optimal characteristic wavelengths subset is determined to be input for modelling.One linear algorithm and two nonlinear modelling algorithms are compared.Finally,support vector machine(SVM)model based on the characteristic wavelengths selected by multi-cluster feature selection(MCFS)acquires the highest identification accuracy,which is 98.97%.These results indicate that hyperspectral imaging technology have the ability to identify early peach aphid infestation stages on green cabbages.展开更多
Water shortage is a serious issue threatening the sustainable development of agriculture in the North China Plain, with the winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) as its largest water-consuming crop. The effects of tillag...Water shortage is a serious issue threatening the sustainable development of agriculture in the North China Plain, with the winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) as its largest water-consuming crop. The effects of tillage practices on the water consumption and water use efficiency(WUE) of wheat under high-yield conditions using supplemental irrigation based on testing soil moisture dynamic change were examined in this study. This experiment was conducted from 2007 to 2010, with five tillage practice treatments, namely, strip rotary tillage(SR), strip rotary tillage after subsoiling(SRS), rotary tillage(R), rotary tillage after subsoiling(RS), and plowing tillage(P). The results showed that in the SRS and RS treatments the total water and soil water consumptions were 11.81, 25.18% and 12.16, 14.75% higher than those in SR and R treatments, respectively. The lowest ratio of irrigation consumption to total water consumption in the SRS treatment was 18.53 and 21.88% for the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 growing seasons, respectively. However, the highest percentage of water consumption was found in the SRS treatment from anthesis to maturity. No significant difference was found between the WUE of the flag leaf at the later filling stage in the SRS and RS treatments, but the flag leaf WUE at these stages were higher than those of other treatments. The SRS and RS treatments exhibited the highest grain yield(9 573.76 and 9 507.49 kg ha-1 for 3-yr average) with no significant difference between the two treatments, followed by P, R and SR treatments. But the SRS treatment had the highest WUE. Thus, the 1-yr subsoiling tillage, plus 2 yr of strip rotary planting operation may be an efficient measure to increase wheat yield and WUE.展开更多
The key activity to build semantic web is to build ontologies.But today,the theory and methodology of ontology construction is still far from ready.This paper proposed a theoretical framework for massive knowledge man...The key activity to build semantic web is to build ontologies.But today,the theory and methodology of ontology construction is still far from ready.This paper proposed a theoretical framework for massive knowledge management-the knowledge domain framework(KDF),and introduces an integrated development environment(IDE) named large-scale ontology development environment(LODE),which implements the proposed theoretical framework.We also compared LODE with other popular ontology development environments in this paper.The practice of using LODE on management and development of agriculture ontologies shows that knowledge domain framework can handle the development activities of large scale ontologies.Application studies based on the principle of knowledge domain framework and LODE was described briefly.展开更多
Agricultural information cooperative services(AICS) are now becoming an important aspect of agriculture informatization.This study offers an ontological conception of the agricultural production process,establishing o...Agricultural information cooperative services(AICS) are now becoming an important aspect of agriculture informatization.This study offers an ontological conception of the agricultural production process,establishing operational divisions corresponding to both the stages and the fundamental information requirements of the dairy industry production process in China,yielding a process ontology for the dairy industry as well as a business chain model.A framework for a dairy industry information cooperative service system was established,with service functions realized in a prototype system.The resulting agricultural process ontology built on the basis of biological characteristics has advantages as a classification standard for agricultural information;whereas the business chain model based on this agricultural process ontology allows for an effective distribution of agricultural information cooperative services.This study outlines a concept and demonstrates a prototype of a cooperative service capable of integrating diverse online agricultural information relevant to the dairy industry in China.展开更多
Based on the production data during 2008 and 2017 of 16 main vegetables in Zhangjiakou City of Hebei Province,the comparative advantage model was used to analyze the superior varieties in the main producing areas. The...Based on the production data during 2008 and 2017 of 16 main vegetables in Zhangjiakou City of Hebei Province,the comparative advantage model was used to analyze the superior varieties in the main producing areas. The results indicate that there are seven main vegetable producing areas in Zhangjiakou City,and the development of main producing areas tends to become balanced: white radish,celery,leaf lettuce,and carrot of Shangyi,sweet pepper and tomato of Chongli,lettuce and Chinese cabbage of Kangbao,spinach,broccoli,carrots,and cauliflower of Guyuan,spinach and eggplant of Xuanhua,Chinese cabbage and lettuce of Zhangbei. These vegetables have a strong competitiveness.展开更多
With Baiquan Ecological Park in Yi County as the case,the basic conditions are analyzed from the aspects of area,population,natural resources,socio-economic and industrial development.SWOT analysis of the development ...With Baiquan Ecological Park in Yi County as the case,the basic conditions are analyzed from the aspects of area,population,natural resources,socio-economic and industrial development.SWOT analysis of the development of modern ecological landscape agriculture is carried out.It is pointed out that for developing modern ecological landscape agriculture in Western Qing Tombs region,it is necessary to give priority to protecting the ecological environment,highlight the characteristics and style of modern agriculture,consider the existing landscape elements,and comprehensively develop the integrated pattern of ecology,landscape and modern agriculture.展开更多
This paper analyzed current situations of vegetable production and circulation in Hebei Province and summarized 3 major modes of vegetable circulation in Hebei Province,namely,traditional circulation mode,production-m...This paper analyzed current situations of vegetable production and circulation in Hebei Province and summarized 3 major modes of vegetable circulation in Hebei Province,namely,traditional circulation mode,production-marketing docking mode,and e-commerce channel based circulation mode.Through comprehensive analysis of advantages and disadvantages of different circulation modes,it came up with pertinent recommendations for optimizing the vegetable circulation system in Hebei Province:reducing circulation links at the operating level to reduce circulation costs;bring into full play government supervision functions at institutional guarantee level to cut down expenses in circulation links.展开更多
The study aims to understand the variation of difference in per capita net income of rural residents during China's economic development in recent years. The writer studies and analyzes rural residents' income...The study aims to understand the variation of difference in per capita net income of rural residents during China's economic development in recent years. The writer studies and analyzes rural residents' income gap between 1997 and 2008 with relevant theories of income difference and the calculation of absolute difference index as well as relative difference index and obtains the conclusion that absolute difference of Chinese rural residents' income experienced an upward trend while relative difference generally remained constant with slight fluctuation and growth, which reflects that rural residents' income gap is increasing gradually. The writer also puts forward some related proposals and countermeasures.展开更多
A field investigation was conducted on the new generation of migrant workers in Hebei Province to understand their present situation and characteristics,based on which countermeasures and suggestions were put forward ...A field investigation was conducted on the new generation of migrant workers in Hebei Province to understand their present situation and characteristics,based on which countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to improve the survival and development of the new generation of migrant workers.展开更多
China's dairy farming has presented a striking development in recent years.Under the dual constraints of environment and resources,it is of practical significance to increase the output of dairy farming and ensure...China's dairy farming has presented a striking development in recent years.Under the dual constraints of environment and resources,it is of practical significance to increase the output of dairy farming and ensure the healthy and stable development of the dairy industry,by accurately comparing the differences in the farming efficiency of dairy farms at different scales and grasping key factors influencing the farming efficiency.This study,through the cost analysis of 263 scale farms across 23 provinces and regions of China in 2019,reaches a result that the cost of a single cow in a certain scale farm increases with the enlargement of the scale,and shows an inverted-U shaped curve with the relatively large scales(1001-2000 cows)at the highest point.It measures the farming efficiency of dairy farms at different scales through the data envelopment analysis and finds that the scale efficiency and allocation efficiency of scale farms in China are relatively high,while the technology efficiency and cost efficiency are relatively low.The efficiency of different scale farms is obviously different,where the cost efficiency,allocation efficiency and scale efficiency show a U-shaped curve as the scale enlarges(with the relatively large scale as the lowest point),while the technology efficiency gradually decreases as the scale expands.It is concluded that for the scale farms,feed conversion ratio and forage-to-concentrate ratio have a significantly negative impact on the scale efficiency,while the labor cost,number of employees,and depreciation of fixed assets are negatively correlated to the technology efficiency and cost efficiency of dairy farming.展开更多
Crop modelling can facilitate researchers’ability to understand and interpret experimental results,and to diagnose yield gaps.In this paper,the Decision Support Systems for Agrotechnology Transfer 4.6(DSSAT)model tog...Crop modelling can facilitate researchers’ability to understand and interpret experimental results,and to diagnose yield gaps.In this paper,the Decision Support Systems for Agrotechnology Transfer 4.6(DSSAT)model together with the CENTURT soil model were employed to investigate the effect of low nitrogen(N)input on wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)yield,grain N concentration and soil organic carbon(SOC)in a long-term experiment(19 years)under a wheat-maize(Zea mays L.)rotation at Changping,Beijing,China.There were two treatments including N0(no N application)and N150(150 kg N ha^(–1))before wheat and maize planting,with phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)basal fertilizers applied as 75 kg P_2O_5 ha^(–1) and 37.5 kg K_2O ha^(–1),respectively.The DSSAT-CENTURY model was able to satisfactorily simulate measured wheat grain yield and grain N concentration at N0,but could not simulate these parameters at N150,or SOC in either N treatment.Model simulation and field measurement showed that N application(N150)increased wheat yield compared to no N application(N0).The results indicated that inorganic fertilizer application at the rates used did not maintain crop yield and SOC levels.It is suggested that if the DSSAT is calibrated carefully,it can be a useful tool for assessing and predicting wheat yield,grain N concentration,and SOC trends under wheat-maize cropping systems.展开更多
Wheat scab(WS,Fusarium head blight),one of the most severe diseases of winter wheat in Yangtze-Huaihe river region,whose monitoring and timely forecasting at large scale would help to optimize pesticide spraying and a...Wheat scab(WS,Fusarium head blight),one of the most severe diseases of winter wheat in Yangtze-Huaihe river region,whose monitoring and timely forecasting at large scale would help to optimize pesticide spraying and achieve the purpose of reducing yield loss.In the present study,remote sensing monitoring on WS was conducted in 4 counties in Yangtze-Huaihe river region.Sensitive factors of WS were selected to establish the remote sensing estimation model of winter wheat scab index(WSI)based on interactions between spectral information and meteorological factors.The results showed that:1)Correlations between the daily average temperature(DAT)and daily average relative humidity(DAH)at different time scales and WSI were significant.2)There were positive linear correlations between winter wheat biomass,leaf area index(LAI),leaf chlorophyll content(LCC)and WSI.3)NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index),RVI(ratio vegetation index)and DVI(difference vegetation index)which had a good correlation with LAI,biomass and LCC,respectively,and could be used to replace them in modeling.4)The estimated values of the model were consistent with the measured values(RMSE=5.3%,estimation accuracy=90.46%).Estimation results showed that the model could efficiently estimate WS in Yangtze-Huaihe river region.展开更多
基金supported by the Leading Talent Support Program for Agricultural Talents of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(TCS2022020)the General program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(1573263)。
文摘Rapidly expanding studies investigate the effects of e-commerce on company operations in the retail market.However,the interaction between agri-food e-commerce(AEC)and the traditional agri-food wholesale industry(AWI)has not received enough attention in the existing literature.Based on the provincial panel data from 2013 to 2020 in China,this paper examines the effect of AEC on AWI,comprising three dimensions:digitalization(DIGITAL),agrifood e-commerce infrastructure and supporting services(AECI),and agri-food e-commerce economy(AECE).First,AWI and AEC are measured using an entropy-based combination of indicators.The results indicate that for China as a whole,AWI has remained practically unchanged,whereas AEC exhibits a significant rising trend.Second,the findings of the fixed-effect regression reveal that DIGITAL and AECE tend to raise AWI,whereas AECI negatively affects AWI.Third,threshold regression results indicate that AECI tends to diminish AWI with three-stage inhibitory intensity,which manifests as a first increase and then a drop in the inhibition degree.These results suggest that with the introduction of e-commerce for agricultural product circulation,digital development will have catfish effects that tend to stimulate the vitality of the conventional wholesale industry and promote technical progress.Furthermore,the traditional wholesale industry benefits financially from e-commerce even while it diverts part of the traditional wholesale circulation for agricultural products.
文摘This paper makes a brief description of the definition and methods of data mining.It describes the characteristics of agricultural data(value delivery,specialization,spatio-temporal bidimensionality)and the status of application of data mining technology in agriculture.
文摘In reference to the status quo of research and the application of the agricultural expert system,this paper analyzes problems existing in the current development,and puts forward the idea of research and development for agriculture-specific software. The agent application is discussed,and an agent-based Agricultural Expert System Inspection Tool is constructed. In addition,this paper addresses the outlook in application,potential problems and the development trend of multi-agent-based inspection software for the agricultural expert system.
文摘Since the reform and opening-up,economy of mountain areas in China has realized considerable development.However,due to such factors as terrain,traffic,and individual differences,compared with plain and coastal areas,mountain areas still lag far behind.In recent years,informationization construction of China develops rapidly,but it nearly stagnates in mountain rural areas.Information has become an essential factor restricting economic development of rural areas.Based on the survey of current information demand of farmers carried out in Pingshan County in Hebei Province in 2010,this study came up with relevant recommendations,in order to speed up development of rural economic in mountain areas,narrow the regional gap,improve living condition of farmers in mountain areas,and increase income level of farmers in mountain areas.
文摘To construct the Agricultural Scientific and Technical Information Core Metadata (ASTICM) standard and its expanding principles, and to develop a register system based on ASTICM, the policy and methods of DC (Dublin Core) and SDBCM (Scientific Database Core Metadata) were studied. The construction of ASTICM has started from the proposed elements of the DCMI (Dublin Core Metadata Initiative), and has expanded the DC and SDBCM with related expanding principles. ASTICM finally includes 75 metadata elements, five expanded principles, and seven application profile creation methods. According to the requirement analysis of a large number of users of agricultural information, a register system based on ASTICM was developed. The ASTICM standard framework and its register system supported the search, sharing, integration exchange and other applications, effectively.
基金This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11171155,11871268)the National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20171370,BK20221009)+2 种基金the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund[CX(21)3025]the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021 M701742)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institution Project(PAPD).
文摘Photosynthesis is involved in the essential process of transforming light energy into chemical energy.Although the interaction between photosynthesis and the circadian clock has been confirmed,the mechanism of how light intensity affects photosynthesis through the circadian clock remains unclear.Here,we propose a first computational model for circadian-clock-controlled photosynthesis,which consists of the light-sensitive protein P,the core oscillator,photosynthetic genes,and parameters involved in the process of photosynthesis.The model parameters were determined by minimizing the cost function(δ=8.56),which is defined by the errors of expression levels,periods,and phases of the clock genes(CCA1,PRR9,TOC1,ELF4,GI,and RVE8).The model recapitulates the expression pattern of the core oscillator under moderate light intensity(100μmol m^(-2) s^(-1)).Further simulation validated the dynamic behaviors of the circadian clock and photosynthetic outputs under low(62.5μmol m^(-2) s^(-1))and normal(187.5μmol m^(-2) s^(-1))intensities.When exposed to low light intensity,the peak times of clock and photosynthetic genes were shifted backward by 1–2 hours,the period was elongated by approximately the same length,and the photosynthetic parameters attained low values and showed delayed peak times,which confirmed our model predictions.Our study reveals a potential mechanism underlying the circadian regulation of photosynthesis by the clock under different light intensities in tomato.
文摘The purpose of rural informationization is to provide effective information for farmers,increase production efficiency and income level of farmers in agricultural production.In recent years,under the guidance of No.1 document of central government,China's rural informationization has obtained considerable development.However,due to influence of terrain,mountain areas are still backward in informationization development.Combining actual conditions of Pingshan County of Hebei Province,the authors visited local farmers and made detailed survey on basic conditions of farmers,and analyzed factors obstructing agricultural informationization development in mountain areas,to provide theoretical reference for promoting informationization development in mountain areas and increasing income of local farmers.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(10-IAED-RC-06-2022)。
文摘This paper aims to optimize the culling compensation policy from a micro perspective through scenario simulation.Based on an investigation of 273 pig farms in eight regions,four typical pig farms were constructed according to farm size and breeding mode,representing the swine producers in China.Besides,a decision objective function of pig farms facing suspected African swine fever(ASF)outbreaks was constructed.This study used a mathematical programming model to design and simulate scenarios based on compensation standards and local implementation levels,aiming to incentivize pig farms to report epidemics.The results show that the optimal decisions on epidemic reports differed among typical farms and by herd daily age.The results suggest the following adjustments for optimizing culling compensation policies:(1)to set culling compensation standards based on the market value and(2)to maintain a high level of epidemic surveillance capability in the animal husbandry and veterinary sector.
基金supported by China National Key Research and Development Program(No.2016YFD0700304)Shandong Natural Science Foundation Youth Program(No.ZR2021QC216)Agricultural Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science(No.CXGC2023A34)。
文摘Peach aphid is a common pest and hard to detect.This study employs hyperspectral imaging technology to identify early damage in green cabbage caused by peach aphid.Through principal component transformation and multiple linear regression analysis,the correlation relation between spectral characteristics and infestation stage is analyzed.Then,four characteristic wavelength selection methods are compared and optimal characteristic wavelengths subset is determined to be input for modelling.One linear algorithm and two nonlinear modelling algorithms are compared.Finally,support vector machine(SVM)model based on the characteristic wavelengths selected by multi-cluster feature selection(MCFS)acquires the highest identification accuracy,which is 98.97%.These results indicate that hyperspectral imaging technology have the ability to identify early peach aphid infestation stages on green cabbages.
基金the supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31171498 and 31401334)the Project of Technology System in Modern Wheat Industry, Ministry of Agriculture, China (CARS-3-1-19)
文摘Water shortage is a serious issue threatening the sustainable development of agriculture in the North China Plain, with the winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.) as its largest water-consuming crop. The effects of tillage practices on the water consumption and water use efficiency(WUE) of wheat under high-yield conditions using supplemental irrigation based on testing soil moisture dynamic change were examined in this study. This experiment was conducted from 2007 to 2010, with five tillage practice treatments, namely, strip rotary tillage(SR), strip rotary tillage after subsoiling(SRS), rotary tillage(R), rotary tillage after subsoiling(RS), and plowing tillage(P). The results showed that in the SRS and RS treatments the total water and soil water consumptions were 11.81, 25.18% and 12.16, 14.75% higher than those in SR and R treatments, respectively. The lowest ratio of irrigation consumption to total water consumption in the SRS treatment was 18.53 and 21.88% for the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 growing seasons, respectively. However, the highest percentage of water consumption was found in the SRS treatment from anthesis to maturity. No significant difference was found between the WUE of the flag leaf at the later filling stage in the SRS and RS treatments, but the flag leaf WUE at these stages were higher than those of other treatments. The SRS and RS treatments exhibited the highest grain yield(9 573.76 and 9 507.49 kg ha-1 for 3-yr average) with no significant difference between the two treatments, followed by P, R and SR treatments. But the SRS treatment had the highest WUE. Thus, the 1-yr subsoiling tillage, plus 2 yr of strip rotary planting operation may be an efficient measure to increase wheat yield and WUE.
基金supported by the Key Technology R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan period:Super-Class Scientific and Technical Thesaurus and Ontology Construction Faced the Foreign Scientific and Technical Literature (2011BAH10B01)
文摘The key activity to build semantic web is to build ontologies.But today,the theory and methodology of ontology construction is still far from ready.This paper proposed a theoretical framework for massive knowledge management-the knowledge domain framework(KDF),and introduces an integrated development environment(IDE) named large-scale ontology development environment(LODE),which implements the proposed theoretical framework.We also compared LODE with other popular ontology development environments in this paper.The practice of using LODE on management and development of agriculture ontologies shows that knowledge domain framework can handle the development activities of large scale ontologies.Application studies based on the principle of knowledge domain framework and LODE was described briefly.
基金supported by the National High Technology R&D Program of China (863 Program,2006AA10Z239)the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan period(2006BAD10A05)
文摘Agricultural information cooperative services(AICS) are now becoming an important aspect of agriculture informatization.This study offers an ontological conception of the agricultural production process,establishing operational divisions corresponding to both the stages and the fundamental information requirements of the dairy industry production process in China,yielding a process ontology for the dairy industry as well as a business chain model.A framework for a dairy industry information cooperative service system was established,with service functions realized in a prototype system.The resulting agricultural process ontology built on the basis of biological characteristics has advantages as a classification standard for agricultural information;whereas the business chain model based on this agricultural process ontology allows for an effective distribution of agricultural information cooperative services.This study outlines a concept and demonstrates a prototype of a cooperative service capable of integrating diverse online agricultural information relevant to the dairy industry in China.
基金Supported by Special Program for Innovation Ability Construction of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(KJCX20170707)Youth Fund of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences(QNJJ201714)Hebei Technological Innovation Guidance Project(18247401D)
文摘Based on the production data during 2008 and 2017 of 16 main vegetables in Zhangjiakou City of Hebei Province,the comparative advantage model was used to analyze the superior varieties in the main producing areas. The results indicate that there are seven main vegetable producing areas in Zhangjiakou City,and the development of main producing areas tends to become balanced: white radish,celery,leaf lettuce,and carrot of Shangyi,sweet pepper and tomato of Chongli,lettuce and Chinese cabbage of Kangbao,spinach,broccoli,carrots,and cauliflower of Guyuan,spinach and eggplant of Xuanhua,Chinese cabbage and lettuce of Zhangbei. These vegetables have a strong competitiveness.
基金Supported by Baiquan Wolong Modern Ecological Agricultural Park Planning Project in Yi County of Hebei Province
文摘With Baiquan Ecological Park in Yi County as the case,the basic conditions are analyzed from the aspects of area,population,natural resources,socio-economic and industrial development.SWOT analysis of the development of modern ecological landscape agriculture is carried out.It is pointed out that for developing modern ecological landscape agriculture in Western Qing Tombs region,it is necessary to give priority to protecting the ecological environment,highlight the characteristics and style of modern agriculture,consider the existing landscape elements,and comprehensively develop the integrated pattern of ecology,landscape and modern agriculture.
基金Supported by Special Project for Rural Development Reform(2013) of Hebei Provincial Rural Work Department and Federation of Social Science Circles
文摘This paper analyzed current situations of vegetable production and circulation in Hebei Province and summarized 3 major modes of vegetable circulation in Hebei Province,namely,traditional circulation mode,production-marketing docking mode,and e-commerce channel based circulation mode.Through comprehensive analysis of advantages and disadvantages of different circulation modes,it came up with pertinent recommendations for optimizing the vegetable circulation system in Hebei Province:reducing circulation links at the operating level to reduce circulation costs;bring into full play government supervision functions at institutional guarantee level to cut down expenses in circulation links.
文摘The study aims to understand the variation of difference in per capita net income of rural residents during China's economic development in recent years. The writer studies and analyzes rural residents' income gap between 1997 and 2008 with relevant theories of income difference and the calculation of absolute difference index as well as relative difference index and obtains the conclusion that absolute difference of Chinese rural residents' income experienced an upward trend while relative difference generally remained constant with slight fluctuation and growth, which reflects that rural residents' income gap is increasing gradually. The writer also puts forward some related proposals and countermeasures.
基金Supported by Soft Project of Shijiazhuang Science and Technology Intellectual Property Bureau(185490105A)
文摘A field investigation was conducted on the new generation of migrant workers in Hebei Province to understand their present situation and characteristics,based on which countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to improve the survival and development of the new generation of migrant workers.
基金the Fund for Technological Innovation Project"Evaluation of Transformation Efficiency of Green Animal Husbandry Technology Achievements:Taking Dairy Industry as an Example".
文摘China's dairy farming has presented a striking development in recent years.Under the dual constraints of environment and resources,it is of practical significance to increase the output of dairy farming and ensure the healthy and stable development of the dairy industry,by accurately comparing the differences in the farming efficiency of dairy farms at different scales and grasping key factors influencing the farming efficiency.This study,through the cost analysis of 263 scale farms across 23 provinces and regions of China in 2019,reaches a result that the cost of a single cow in a certain scale farm increases with the enlargement of the scale,and shows an inverted-U shaped curve with the relatively large scales(1001-2000 cows)at the highest point.It measures the farming efficiency of dairy farms at different scales through the data envelopment analysis and finds that the scale efficiency and allocation efficiency of scale farms in China are relatively high,while the technology efficiency and cost efficiency are relatively low.The efficiency of different scale farms is obviously different,where the cost efficiency,allocation efficiency and scale efficiency show a U-shaped curve as the scale enlarges(with the relatively large scale as the lowest point),while the technology efficiency gradually decreases as the scale expands.It is concluded that for the scale farms,feed conversion ratio and forage-to-concentrate ratio have a significantly negative impact on the scale efficiency,while the labor cost,number of employees,and depreciation of fixed assets are negatively correlated to the technology efficiency and cost efficiency of dairy farming.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41471285)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP) of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ASTIP-2016AII)+2 种基金the Key Laboratory of Nonpoint Source Pollution Control,Ministry of Agriculture,China (2014-37)the Newton Fund,United Kingdom (BB/N013484/1)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0200601)
文摘Crop modelling can facilitate researchers’ability to understand and interpret experimental results,and to diagnose yield gaps.In this paper,the Decision Support Systems for Agrotechnology Transfer 4.6(DSSAT)model together with the CENTURT soil model were employed to investigate the effect of low nitrogen(N)input on wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)yield,grain N concentration and soil organic carbon(SOC)in a long-term experiment(19 years)under a wheat-maize(Zea mays L.)rotation at Changping,Beijing,China.There were two treatments including N0(no N application)and N150(150 kg N ha^(–1))before wheat and maize planting,with phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)basal fertilizers applied as 75 kg P_2O_5 ha^(–1) and 37.5 kg K_2O ha^(–1),respectively.The DSSAT-CENTURY model was able to satisfactorily simulate measured wheat grain yield and grain N concentration at N0,but could not simulate these parameters at N150,or SOC in either N treatment.Model simulation and field measurement showed that N application(N150)increased wheat yield compared to no N application(N0).The results indicated that inorganic fertilizer application at the rates used did not maintain crop yield and SOC levels.It is suggested that if the DSSAT is calibrated carefully,it can be a useful tool for assessing and predicting wheat yield,grain N concentration,and SOC trends under wheat-maize cropping systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41571323)Key Research&Development Plan of Jiangsu Province(BE2016730)+1 种基金Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science,Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2016LDE007)the Fund of Jiangsu Academy of Agriculture Sciences(6111647).
文摘Wheat scab(WS,Fusarium head blight),one of the most severe diseases of winter wheat in Yangtze-Huaihe river region,whose monitoring and timely forecasting at large scale would help to optimize pesticide spraying and achieve the purpose of reducing yield loss.In the present study,remote sensing monitoring on WS was conducted in 4 counties in Yangtze-Huaihe river region.Sensitive factors of WS were selected to establish the remote sensing estimation model of winter wheat scab index(WSI)based on interactions between spectral information and meteorological factors.The results showed that:1)Correlations between the daily average temperature(DAT)and daily average relative humidity(DAH)at different time scales and WSI were significant.2)There were positive linear correlations between winter wheat biomass,leaf area index(LAI),leaf chlorophyll content(LCC)and WSI.3)NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index),RVI(ratio vegetation index)and DVI(difference vegetation index)which had a good correlation with LAI,biomass and LCC,respectively,and could be used to replace them in modeling.4)The estimated values of the model were consistent with the measured values(RMSE=5.3%,estimation accuracy=90.46%).Estimation results showed that the model could efficiently estimate WS in Yangtze-Huaihe river region.
