In the current study, we determined concentrations and transfer rates of Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, P, Rb, Sr and Zn to Brown Birch Scaber Stalks （Leccinum scabrum） mushrooms emerged ...In the current study, we determined concentrations and transfer rates of Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, P, Rb, Sr and Zn to Brown Birch Scaber Stalks （Leccinum scabrum） mushrooms emerged in the area of Sudety Mountains （Sudetes） in Poland. Fruiting bodies and topsoil samples beneath L. scabrum were collected form the Ktodzka Dale. The trace elements were determined using validated method and inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectroscopy （ICP-AES） for final measurement. Mushrooms contained Ag, Cr, Hg, Co, Ni and Sr at 〈 1.0μg/g dry weight; Ba and Pb at -1.0μg/g dw; Cd at 〈 5μPg/g dw; Cu and Mn at 〉 10 μg/g dw; Al and Ca at -100μg/g dw; Fe, Na, Rb and Zn at lOO to 500μg/g dw, Mg at -1.000μg/g dw; P at -5,000 μg/g dw and K at -30,000 μg/g dw. Ca, Mn and Ni were nearly equally distributed between stipes and caps; stipes compared to caps were enriched in Ba, Na and Sr, while caps were enriched in Ag, Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, P, Pb, Rb and Zn. The values of bioconcentration factor （BCF） varied highly depending on chemical element and were 〉1 for Ag, Cd, Cu, K, Mg, Na, P, Rb and Zn, while 〈1 for A1, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Sr. Topsoil showed elevated content of lead and mean concentration was 99 ± 32 μg/g dw, while cadmium was at 0.41 ± 0.15 and those two highly toxic to human elements occurred in edible caps of L. scabrum at 4.5 ± 2.2 and 2.9 ± 2.0 μg/g dw, respectively.展开更多
This paper reported the results of the determination of Ag, A1, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sr and Zn in Common Chanterelles （Cantharellus cibarius） Fr. and surface soil layer （o-io cm...This paper reported the results of the determination of Ag, A1, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sr and Zn in Common Chanterelles （Cantharellus cibarius） Fr. and surface soil layer （o-io cm） underneath the fruiting bodies. Mushrooms and soils were collected from a lowland site in the Hel Peninsula （Baltic Sea coast） and a high mountain site in the Tatra Mountains. The trace elements were determined using validated method and inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectroscopy （ICP-AES）. Common Chanterelles that emerged at sites poor in mineral nutrients podzols of the Hel Peninsula forests efficiently bioeoncentrated several essential trace elements （K, P, Co, Cu, Mn, Na, Zn）, while the abundance of those elements in carpophores was around half less compared to specimens from Zakopane region and which emerged in soils much richer in minerals. Common Chanterelles collected at two spatially distant background areas in Poland were only weakly contaminated with metals such as Ag, Cd, Hg and Pb. The maximum tolerable Cd and Pb contents of certain cultivated mushrooms are regulated in the European Union by law and these hazardous metals in C. cibarius were far below tolerance limits set.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Science Centre(NCN) of Poland under Grant PRELUDIUM project NoUMO-2011/03/N/NZ9/04136the Chinese Academy of Science(Project No 2010T1Z26)
文摘In the current study, we determined concentrations and transfer rates of Ag, Al, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, P, Rb, Sr and Zn to Brown Birch Scaber Stalks （Leccinum scabrum） mushrooms emerged in the area of Sudety Mountains （Sudetes） in Poland. Fruiting bodies and topsoil samples beneath L. scabrum were collected form the Ktodzka Dale. The trace elements were determined using validated method and inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectroscopy （ICP-AES） for final measurement. Mushrooms contained Ag, Cr, Hg, Co, Ni and Sr at 〈 1.0μg/g dry weight; Ba and Pb at -1.0μg/g dw; Cd at 〈 5μPg/g dw; Cu and Mn at 〉 10 μg/g dw; Al and Ca at -100μg/g dw; Fe, Na, Rb and Zn at lOO to 500μg/g dw, Mg at -1.000μg/g dw; P at -5,000 μg/g dw and K at -30,000 μg/g dw. Ca, Mn and Ni were nearly equally distributed between stipes and caps; stipes compared to caps were enriched in Ba, Na and Sr, while caps were enriched in Ag, Al, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, P, Pb, Rb and Zn. The values of bioconcentration factor （BCF） varied highly depending on chemical element and were 〉1 for Ag, Cd, Cu, K, Mg, Na, P, Rb and Zn, while 〈1 for A1, Ba, Ca, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Sr. Topsoil showed elevated content of lead and mean concentration was 99 ± 32 μg/g dw, while cadmium was at 0.41 ± 0.15 and those two highly toxic to human elements occurred in edible caps of L. scabrum at 4.5 ± 2.2 and 2.9 ± 2.0 μg/g dw, respectively.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, Poland (Grant No.DS-8130-4-0092-1)in part by Chinese Academy of Science (Grant No 2010T1Z26)
文摘This paper reported the results of the determination of Ag, A1, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sr and Zn in Common Chanterelles （Cantharellus cibarius） Fr. and surface soil layer （o-io cm） underneath the fruiting bodies. Mushrooms and soils were collected from a lowland site in the Hel Peninsula （Baltic Sea coast） and a high mountain site in the Tatra Mountains. The trace elements were determined using validated method and inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectroscopy （ICP-AES）. Common Chanterelles that emerged at sites poor in mineral nutrients podzols of the Hel Peninsula forests efficiently bioeoncentrated several essential trace elements （K, P, Co, Cu, Mn, Na, Zn）, while the abundance of those elements in carpophores was around half less compared to specimens from Zakopane region and which emerged in soils much richer in minerals. Common Chanterelles collected at two spatially distant background areas in Poland were only weakly contaminated with metals such as Ag, Cd, Hg and Pb. The maximum tolerable Cd and Pb contents of certain cultivated mushrooms are regulated in the European Union by law and these hazardous metals in C. cibarius were far below tolerance limits set.
