The impacts of nighttime post-anthesis warming on rice productivity and grain quality in East China were evaluated for two cultivars, II You 128, an indica rice, and Wuyunjing 7, a japonica rice. Warming by 3.0 °...The impacts of nighttime post-anthesis warming on rice productivity and grain quality in East China were evaluated for two cultivars, II You 128, an indica rice, and Wuyunjing 7, a japonica rice. Warming by 3.0 °C stimulated the nighttime respiration rate and decreased the photosynthesis rate, resulting in significant decreases of 21.2% and 24.9% in aboveground biomass accumulation for II You 128 and Wuyunjing 7, respectively. Warming significantly reduced the rates of seed setting and grain filling, especially of inferior kernels(those lower in panicles), while the filling rate of superior kernels remained almost unchanged. As a result, 1000-grain weight and grain yield were respectively 3.7% and 30.0% lower for II You 128 and 12.8% and 34.3% for Wuyunjing 7 in warmed plots than in the unwarmed control. Nighttime warming also significantly reduced the grain milling and appearance quality of both varieties. More negative effects of warming on inferior than on superior kernels were found. The above results have important implications for rice variety cultivation in East China.展开更多
Abiotic stress is one of the most important factors reducing soybean yield. It is essential to identify regulatory factors contributing to stress responses.A previous study found that the tandem CCCH zincfinger protei...Abiotic stress is one of the most important factors reducing soybean yield. It is essential to identify regulatory factors contributing to stress responses.A previous study found that the tandem CCCH zincfinger protein Gm ZF351 is an oil level regulator. In this study, we discovered that the Gm ZF351 gene is induced by stress and that the overexpression of Gm ZF351 confers stress tolerance to transgenic soybean. Gm ZF351 directly regulates the expression of Gm CIPK9 and Gm SnRK, leading to stomata closing, by binding to their promoter regions, which carry two CT(G/C)(T/A)AA elements.Stress induction of Gm ZF351 is mediated through reduction in the H3K27me3 level at the Gm ZF351locus.TwoJMJ30-demethylase-likegenes,Gm JMJ30-1 and Gm JMJ30-2, are involved in this demethylationprocess.Overexpressionof Gm JMJ30-1/2 in transgenic hairy roots enhances Gm ZF351 expression mediated by histone demethylation and confers stress tolerance to soybean.Yield-related agronomic traits were evaluated in stable Gm ZF351-transgenic plants under mild drought stress conditions. Our study reveals a new mode of Gm JMJ30-Gm ZF351 action in stress tolerance, in addition to that of Gm ZF351 in oil accumulation. Manipulation of the components in this pathway is expected to improve soybean traits and adaptation under unfavorable environments.展开更多
Plants have a close relationship with their root microbiota,which comprises a complex microbial network.Histone methylation is an important epigenetic modification influencing multiple plant traits;however,little is k...Plants have a close relationship with their root microbiota,which comprises a complex microbial network.Histone methylation is an important epigenetic modification influencing multiple plant traits;however,little is known about the role of plant histone methylation in the assembly and network structure of the root microbiota.In this study,we established that the rice(Oryza sativa)histone methylation regulates the structure and composition of the root microbiota,especially the hub species in the microbial network.DJjmj703(defective in histone H3K4 demethylation)and ZH11-sdg714(defective in H3K9 methylation)showed significant different root microbiota compared with the corresponding wild types at the phylum and family levels,with a consistent increase in the abundance of Betaproteobacteria and a decrease in the Firmicutes.In the root microbial network,35 of 44 hub species in the top 10 modules in the tested field were regulated by at least one histone methylation-related gene.These observations establish that the rice histone methylation plays a pivotal role in regulating the assembly of the root microbiota,providing insights into the links between plant epigenetic regulation and root microbiota.展开更多
Cultivated soybeans may lose some useful genetic loci during domestication. Introgression of genes from wild soybeans could broaden the genetic background and improve soybean agronomic traits. In this study, through w...Cultivated soybeans may lose some useful genetic loci during domestication. Introgression of genes from wild soybeans could broaden the genetic background and improve soybean agronomic traits. In this study, through whole-genome sequencing of a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between a wild soybean ZYD7 and a cultivated soybean HN44, and mapping of quantitative trait loci for seed weight, we discovered that a phosphatase 2C-1 （PP2C-1） allele from wild soybean ZYD7 contributes to the increase in seed weight/size. PP2C-1 may achieve this function by enhancing cell size of integument and activating a subset of seed trait-related genes. We found that PP2C-1 is associ- ated with GmBZR1, a soybean ortholog of Arabidopsis BZR1, one of key transcription factors in brassi- nosteroid （BR） signaling, and facilitate accumulation of dephosphorylated GmBZR1. In contrast, the PP2C-2 allele with variations of a few amino acids at the N-terminus did not exhibit this function. More- over, we showed that GmBZR1 could promote seed weight/size in transgenic plants. Through analysis of cultivated soybean accessions, we found that 40% of the examined accessions do not have the PP2C-1 allele, suggesting that these accessions can be improved by introduction of this allele. Taken together, our study identifies an elite allele PP2C-1, which can enhance seed weight and/or size in soybean, and pinpoints that manipulation of this allele by molecular-assisted breeding may increase production in soybean and other legumes/crops.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Technology Support Program of China (2011BAD16B14)the Chinese Natural Science Foundation (30771278)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-05-0492)
文摘The impacts of nighttime post-anthesis warming on rice productivity and grain quality in East China were evaluated for two cultivars, II You 128, an indica rice, and Wuyunjing 7, a japonica rice. Warming by 3.0 °C stimulated the nighttime respiration rate and decreased the photosynthesis rate, resulting in significant decreases of 21.2% and 24.9% in aboveground biomass accumulation for II You 128 and Wuyunjing 7, respectively. Warming significantly reduced the rates of seed setting and grain filling, especially of inferior kernels(those lower in panicles), while the filling rate of superior kernels remained almost unchanged. As a result, 1000-grain weight and grain yield were respectively 3.7% and 30.0% lower for II You 128 and 12.8% and 34.3% for Wuyunjing 7 in warmed plots than in the unwarmed control. Nighttime warming also significantly reduced the grain milling and appearance quality of both varieties. More negative effects of warming on inferior than on superior kernels were found. The above results have important implications for rice variety cultivation in East China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. U1906203, 32101676, 32171930, 31671258, 31971896)the Chinese Academy of Science (CAS) Key Project (ZDRW-ZS-2019-2)+1 种基金the Key R&D Project (Grant No. 2019YFD1002701)State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, IGDB, CAS。
文摘Abiotic stress is one of the most important factors reducing soybean yield. It is essential to identify regulatory factors contributing to stress responses.A previous study found that the tandem CCCH zincfinger protein Gm ZF351 is an oil level regulator. In this study, we discovered that the Gm ZF351 gene is induced by stress and that the overexpression of Gm ZF351 confers stress tolerance to transgenic soybean. Gm ZF351 directly regulates the expression of Gm CIPK9 and Gm SnRK, leading to stomata closing, by binding to their promoter regions, which carry two CT(G/C)(T/A)AA elements.Stress induction of Gm ZF351 is mediated through reduction in the H3K27me3 level at the Gm ZF351locus.TwoJMJ30-demethylase-likegenes,Gm JMJ30-1 and Gm JMJ30-2, are involved in this demethylationprocess.Overexpressionof Gm JMJ30-1/2 in transgenic hairy roots enhances Gm ZF351 expression mediated by histone demethylation and confers stress tolerance to soybean.Yield-related agronomic traits were evaluated in stable Gm ZF351-transgenic plants under mild drought stress conditions. Our study reveals a new mode of Gm JMJ30-Gm ZF351 action in stress tolerance, in addition to that of Gm ZF351 in oil accumulation. Manipulation of the components in this pathway is expected to improve soybean traits and adaptation under unfavorable environments.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA24020104 to Y.B.XDB27030201 to X.C.)+5 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDB-SSW-SMC021 to Y.B.QYZDY-SSW-SMC022 to X.C.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31788103 to X.C.31801945 to J.Z.)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2020101 to J.Z.2021092 to Y.L.)。
文摘Plants have a close relationship with their root microbiota,which comprises a complex microbial network.Histone methylation is an important epigenetic modification influencing multiple plant traits;however,little is known about the role of plant histone methylation in the assembly and network structure of the root microbiota.In this study,we established that the rice(Oryza sativa)histone methylation regulates the structure and composition of the root microbiota,especially the hub species in the microbial network.DJjmj703(defective in histone H3K4 demethylation)and ZH11-sdg714(defective in H3K9 methylation)showed significant different root microbiota compared with the corresponding wild types at the phylum and family levels,with a consistent increase in the abundance of Betaproteobacteria and a decrease in the Firmicutes.In the root microbial network,35 of 44 hub species in the top 10 modules in the tested field were regulated by at least one histone methylation-related gene.These observations establish that the rice histone methylation plays a pivotal role in regulating the assembly of the root microbiota,providing insights into the links between plant epigenetic regulation and root microbiota.
文摘Cultivated soybeans may lose some useful genetic loci during domestication. Introgression of genes from wild soybeans could broaden the genetic background and improve soybean agronomic traits. In this study, through whole-genome sequencing of a recombinant inbred line population derived from a cross between a wild soybean ZYD7 and a cultivated soybean HN44, and mapping of quantitative trait loci for seed weight, we discovered that a phosphatase 2C-1 （PP2C-1） allele from wild soybean ZYD7 contributes to the increase in seed weight/size. PP2C-1 may achieve this function by enhancing cell size of integument and activating a subset of seed trait-related genes. We found that PP2C-1 is associ- ated with GmBZR1, a soybean ortholog of Arabidopsis BZR1, one of key transcription factors in brassi- nosteroid （BR） signaling, and facilitate accumulation of dephosphorylated GmBZR1. In contrast, the PP2C-2 allele with variations of a few amino acids at the N-terminus did not exhibit this function. More- over, we showed that GmBZR1 could promote seed weight/size in transgenic plants. Through analysis of cultivated soybean accessions, we found that 40% of the examined accessions do not have the PP2C-1 allele, suggesting that these accessions can be improved by introduction of this allele. Taken together, our study identifies an elite allele PP2C-1, which can enhance seed weight and/or size in soybean, and pinpoints that manipulation of this allele by molecular-assisted breeding may increase production in soybean and other legumes/crops.
