Background: Attrition of health professionals from public health sectors is found to be a barrier to effectiveness of health systems and to provide essential health service to population. In Ethiopia, the public healt...Background: Attrition of health professionals from public health sectors is found to be a barrier to effectiveness of health systems and to provide essential health service to population. In Ethiopia, the public health system is the major provider of health care service to the people. In particular, the poor segment of community uses public hospital, health centers and clinic, since the private health facilities are inaccessible and unaffordable to them. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude and factors associated with health professionals’ attrition from public health sectors in Bahir Dar city. Methods: A Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted in September-October 2012. All inclusive sampling techniques of five years document reviews were used to select 727 health professional documents. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using structured questionnaires and indepth-interview guides respectively, by trained data collectors. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, proportion and chi square test) were used to describe the study population in relation to relevant variables. To identify independent predictors of attrition, only variables that were statistically significant during bivariate analysis were entered into multiple logistic regression models to control the effects of confounders. Pvalues sex, marital status, educational status, workplace, current salary, professional category and work experience were the main factors associated with health professionals’ attrition from public health sectors. Conclusion: The findings showed that the level of health professionals’ attrition is high in the study area. Policy makers and health mangers should design appropriate retention strategies for health professionals at public health sectors in terms of most associated factors with attritions of health professionals to reduce the prevalence of health professionals’ attrition from public health sectors in collaboration with development partners and concerned body.展开更多
HIV/AIDS is a serious health problem among prisoners and constitutes a big challenge for prison administration services, public health services and governments. <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"...HIV/AIDS is a serious health problem among prisoners and constitutes a big challenge for prison administration services, public health services and governments. <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aims</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>:</strong> Determine the prevalence of HIV infection among prisoners and describe associated factors. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Population and Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted from December 2015 to October 2016. A sample of 600 prisoners was randomly interviewed nationwide. They were selected directly from the sample frame from across the country and proportionally from all sites. Pre-established questionnaires providing information on the sociodemographic and biological characteristics of prisoners were used for the collection of data. Data entry and analysis were </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">performed using EXCEL and SPSS 18 software. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The survey was</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> based on a randomised sample of 600 prisoners, 593 of whom accepted blood extraction for the HIV testing. The series was mainly composed of males (89%). The median age was 33 years (18 -</span><span style="font-family:'';line-height:1.5;"> </span><span style="font-family:'';line-height:1.5;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">69). The level of education among respondents was 60%. Regarding marital status, the proportion of married prisoners was 51.8%. Almost three-quarters (71.5%) were at their first imprisonment and 51.8% were on preventive detention. The reasons for imprisonment varied and were dominated by drug use (35.3%), while only 4.6% confessed that they continued using drugs while in prison. 97.8% of prisoners have had a sexual experience. Their median age was 19 years at their first sexual intercourse. 20.5% reported using a condom during their first intercourse. Multi </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">partnership was estimated at 17.8%. The prevalence of HIV infection was high among prisoners (2%), the quadruple of the national rate. This prevalence was associated with female sex (4.5%) (p =</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 0.012) and housewives (12.5%) (p =</span></span><span style="line-height:1.5;font-family:Verdana;"> 0.002). </span><b style="line-height:1.5;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="line-height:1.5;font-family:Verdana;">Prisoners are very vulnerable to HIV infection with a high prevalence compared to the national rate, hence the need for the enforcement of effective HIV prevention and care measures in prisons.</span>展开更多
文摘Background: Attrition of health professionals from public health sectors is found to be a barrier to effectiveness of health systems and to provide essential health service to population. In Ethiopia, the public health system is the major provider of health care service to the people. In particular, the poor segment of community uses public hospital, health centers and clinic, since the private health facilities are inaccessible and unaffordable to them. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude and factors associated with health professionals’ attrition from public health sectors in Bahir Dar city. Methods: A Facility based cross-sectional study was conducted in September-October 2012. All inclusive sampling techniques of five years document reviews were used to select 727 health professional documents. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using structured questionnaires and indepth-interview guides respectively, by trained data collectors. Descriptive statistics (frequencies, proportion and chi square test) were used to describe the study population in relation to relevant variables. To identify independent predictors of attrition, only variables that were statistically significant during bivariate analysis were entered into multiple logistic regression models to control the effects of confounders. Pvalues sex, marital status, educational status, workplace, current salary, professional category and work experience were the main factors associated with health professionals’ attrition from public health sectors. Conclusion: The findings showed that the level of health professionals’ attrition is high in the study area. Policy makers and health mangers should design appropriate retention strategies for health professionals at public health sectors in terms of most associated factors with attritions of health professionals to reduce the prevalence of health professionals’ attrition from public health sectors in collaboration with development partners and concerned body.
文摘HIV/AIDS is a serious health problem among prisoners and constitutes a big challenge for prison administration services, public health services and governments. <b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aims</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>:</strong> Determine the prevalence of HIV infection among prisoners and describe associated factors. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Population and Methods: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted from December 2015 to October 2016. A sample of 600 prisoners was randomly interviewed nationwide. They were selected directly from the sample frame from across the country and proportionally from all sites. Pre-established questionnaires providing information on the sociodemographic and biological characteristics of prisoners were used for the collection of data. Data entry and analysis were </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">performed using EXCEL and SPSS 18 software. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results: </span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The survey was</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> based on a randomised sample of 600 prisoners, 593 of whom accepted blood extraction for the HIV testing. The series was mainly composed of males (89%). The median age was 33 years (18 -</span><span style="font-family:'';line-height:1.5;"> </span><span style="font-family:'';line-height:1.5;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">69). The level of education among respondents was 60%. Regarding marital status, the proportion of married prisoners was 51.8%. Almost three-quarters (71.5%) were at their first imprisonment and 51.8% were on preventive detention. The reasons for imprisonment varied and were dominated by drug use (35.3%), while only 4.6% confessed that they continued using drugs while in prison. 97.8% of prisoners have had a sexual experience. Their median age was 19 years at their first sexual intercourse. 20.5% reported using a condom during their first intercourse. Multi </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">partnership was estimated at 17.8%. The prevalence of HIV infection was high among prisoners (2%), the quadruple of the national rate. This prevalence was associated with female sex (4.5%) (p =</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 0.012) and housewives (12.5%) (p =</span></span><span style="line-height:1.5;font-family:Verdana;"> 0.002). </span><b style="line-height:1.5;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion: </span></b><span style="line-height:1.5;font-family:Verdana;">Prisoners are very vulnerable to HIV infection with a high prevalence compared to the national rate, hence the need for the enforcement of effective HIV prevention and care measures in prisons.</span>
