The interfacial defects and energy barrier are main reasons for interfacial nonradiative recombination.In addition,poor perovskite crystallization and incomplete conversion of PbI_(2) to perovskite restrict further en...The interfacial defects and energy barrier are main reasons for interfacial nonradiative recombination.In addition,poor perovskite crystallization and incomplete conversion of PbI_(2) to perovskite restrict further enhancement of the photovoltaic performance of the devices using sequential deposition.Herein,a buried interface stabilization strategy that relies on the synergy of fluorine(F)and sulfonyl(S=O)functional groups is proposed.A series of potassium salts containing halide and non-halogen anions are employed to modify SnO_(2)/perovskite buried interface.Multiple chemical bonds including hydrogen bond,coordination bond and ionic bond are realized,which strengthens interfacial contact and defect passivation effect.The chemical interaction between modification molecules and perovskite along with SnO_(2) heightens incessantly as the number of S=O and F augments.The chemical interaction strength between modifiers and perovskite as well as SnO_(2) gradually increases with the increase in the number of S=O and F.The defect passivation effect is positively correlated with the chemical interaction strength.The crystallization kinetics is regulated through the compromise between chemical interaction strength and wettability of substrates.Compared with Cl−,all non-halogen anions perform better in crystallization optimization,energy band regulation and defect passivation.The device with potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide achieves a tempting efficiency of 24.17%.展开更多
We present a detailed analysis on mode evolution of gratingcoupled surface plasmonic polaritons （SPPs） on a conical metal tip based on the guidedwave theory. The eigenvalue equations for SPPs modes are discussed, re...We present a detailed analysis on mode evolution of gratingcoupled surface plasmonic polaritons （SPPs） on a conical metal tip based on the guidedwave theory. The eigenvalue equations for SPPs modes are discussed, revealing that cylindrical metal waveguides only support TM01 and HEm1 surface modes. During propagation on the metal tip, the gratingcoupled SPPs are converted to HE31, HE21, HE11 and TM01 successively, and these modes are sequentially cut off except TM01. The TM01 mode further propagates with drastically increasing effective mode index and is converted to localized surface plasmons （LSPs） at the tip apex, which is responsible for plasmonic nanofocusing. The gapmode plasmons can be excited with the focusing TM01 mode by approaching a metal substrate to the tip apex, resulting in further enhanced electric field and reduced size of the plasmonic focus.展开更多
Self-assembly of particle-like dissipative solitons,in the presence of mutual interactions,emphasizes the vibrant concept of soliton molecules in varieties of laser resonators.Controllable manipulation of the molecula...Self-assembly of particle-like dissipative solitons,in the presence of mutual interactions,emphasizes the vibrant concept of soliton molecules in varieties of laser resonators.Controllable manipulation of the molecular patterns,held by the degrees of freedom of internal motions,still remains challenging to explore more efficient and subtle tailoring approaches for the increasing demands.Here,we report a new phase-tailored quaternary encoding format based on the controllable internal assembly of dissipative soliton molecules.Artificial manipulation of the energy exchange of soliton-molecular elements stimulates the deterministic harnessing of the assemblies of internal dynamics.Self-assembled soliton molecules are tailored into four phase-defined regimes,thus constituting the phase-tailored quaternary encoding format.Such phase-tailored streams are endowed with great robustness and are resistant to significant timing jitter.All these results experimentally demonstrate the programmable phase tailoring and exemplify the application of the phase-tailored quaternary encoding,prospectively promoting high-capacity all-optical storage.展开更多
Dissipative solitons emerge as stable pulse solutions of nonintegrable and nonconservative nonlinear physical systems, owing to a balance of nonlinearity, dispersion, and loss/gain. A considerable research effort has ...Dissipative solitons emerge as stable pulse solutions of nonintegrable and nonconservative nonlinear physical systems, owing to a balance of nonlinearity, dispersion, and loss/gain. A considerable research effort has been dedicated to characterizing amplitude and phase evolutions in the spatiotemporal dynamics of dissipative solitons emerging from fiber lasers. Yet, the picture of the buildup process of dissipative solitons in fiber lasers is incomplete in the absence of corresponding information about the polarization evolution. Here, we characterize probabilistic polarization distributions in the buildup of dissipative solitons in a net-normal dispersion fiber laser system, mode-locked by single-wall carbon nanotubes. The output optical spectra under different pump powers are filtered by a tunable filter, and are detected by a polarization state analyzer. The laser system operates from random amplified spontaneous emission into a stable dissipative soliton state as the cavity gain is progressively increased. Correspondingly, the state of polarization of each spectral wavelength converges towards a fixed point.To reveal the invariant polarization relationship among the various wavelength components of the laser output field, the phase diagram of the ellipticity angle and the spherical orientation angle is introduced. We find that,within the central spectral region of the dissipative soliton, the state of polarization evolves with frequency by tracing a uniform arc on the Poincaré sphere, whereas in the edges of the dissipative soliton spectrum, the state of polarization abruptly changes its path. Increasing cavity gain leads to spectral broadening, accompanied by a random scattering of the state of polarization of newly generated frequencies. Further increases of pump power result in dissipative soliton explosions, accompanied by the emergence of a new type of optical polarization rogue waves. These experimental results provide a deeper insight into the transient dynamics of dissipative soliton fiber lasers.展开更多
Fast and broadband photoelectric detection is a key process to many photoelectronic applications,during which the semiconductor light absorber plays a critical role.In this report,we prepared Cu-In-Zn-S(CIZS)nanospher...Fast and broadband photoelectric detection is a key process to many photoelectronic applications,during which the semiconductor light absorber plays a critical role.In this report,we prepared Cu-In-Zn-S(CIZS)nanospheres with different compositions via a facile hydrothermal method.These nanospheres were^200 nm in size and comprised of many small nanocrystals.A photodetector responded to the visible spectrum was demonstrated by spraying the solution processed nanospheres onto gold interdigital electrodes.The photoelectric characterization of these devices revealed that CIZS nanospheres with low molar ratio of n(Cu)/n(In)exhibited improved photoelectric response compared to those with high n(Cu)/n(In),which was attributed to the reduced defects.The relatively large switching ratio(Ion/Ioff),fast response and wide spectral coverage of the CIZS-based photodetector render it a promising potential candidate for photoelectronic applications.展开更多
A novel long-period fibre grating （LPFG） with low polarization-dependent loss （PDL） is fabricated by using a multi-edge exposure method with high frequency CO2 laser pulses. The experimental results show that the ...A novel long-period fibre grating （LPFG） with low polarization-dependent loss （PDL） is fabricated by using a multi-edge exposure method with high frequency CO2 laser pulses. The experimental results show that the PDL of a triple-edge-written LPFG with a peak amplitude of-16.5 dB can be as low as 0.22 dB. These hovel LPFGs can find important applications in optical communication and sensing.展开更多
Self-assembly of dissipative solitons arouses versatile configurations of molecular complexes,enriching intriguing dynamics in mode-locked lasers.The ongoing studies fuel the analogy between matter physics and optical...Self-assembly of dissipative solitons arouses versatile configurations of molecular complexes,enriching intriguing dynamics in mode-locked lasers.The ongoing studies fuel the analogy between matter physics and optical solitons,and stimulate frontier developments of ultrafast optics.However,the behaviors of multiple constituents within soliton molecules still remain challenging to be precisely unveiled,regarding both the intramolecular and intermolecular motions.Here,we introduce the concept of“soliton isomer”to elucidate the molecular dynamics of multisoliton complexes.The time-lens and time-stretch techniques assisted temporal-spectral analysis reveals the diversity of assembly patterns,reminiscent of the“isomeric molecule”.Particularly,we study the fine energy exchange during the intramolecular motions,therefore gaining insights into the degrees of freedom of isomeric dynamics beyond temporal molecular patterns.All these findings further answer the question of how far the matter-soliton analogy reaches and pave an efficient route for assisting the artificial manipulation of multisoliton structures.展开更多
Ultra-narrow linewidth laser with several hundred hertz at room temperature has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years and played a critical role in both optical sensing and communication fields. In this ...Ultra-narrow linewidth laser with several hundred hertz at room temperature has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years and played a critical role in both optical sensing and communication fields. In this paper, a new method based on Rayleigh backscattering to highly compress the laser linewidth was proposed and demonstrated theoretically and experimentally. By theoretical analysis and simulation, Rayleigh backscattering can be collected in any waveguide structure and all wave bands,which could have a revolutionary impact on the field of laser. A single-longitudinal mode fiber ring laser with130-Hz linewidth was achieved with self-injection feedback structure at normal atmospheric temperature. The linewidth compression based on Rayleigh backscattering lies in the fact that laser linewidth after scattering is narrower than that of incident light in high Rayleigh scattering structure. The self-rejection feedback method expanding free spectra range of laser cavity simultaneously was used to further suppress the mode-hopping and stabilizing output. Experimental results showed that the laser linewidth can be easily narrowed to hundreds of hertz with side-mode suppression up to 75 dB. This agrees with the theoretical analysis and simulation results qualitatively.展开更多
Biomarker detection is key to identifying health risks.However,designing sensitive and single-use biosensors for early diagnosis remains a major challenge.Here,we report submonolayer lasers on optical fibers as ultras...Biomarker detection is key to identifying health risks.However,designing sensitive and single-use biosensors for early diagnosis remains a major challenge.Here,we report submonolayer lasers on optical fibers as ultrasensitive and disposable biosensors.Telecom optical fibers serve as distributed optical microcavities with high Q-factor,great repeatability,and ultralow cost,which enables whispering-gallery laser emission to detect biomarkers.It is found that the sensing performance strongly depends on the number of gain molecules.The submonolayer lasers obtained a six-order-of-magnitude improvement in the lower limit of detection(LOD)when compared to saturated monolayer lasers.We further achieve an ultrasensitive immunoassay for a Parkinson's disease biomarker,alpha-synuclein(α-syn),with a lower LOD of 0.32 pM in serum,which is three orders of magnitude lower than theα-syn concentration in the serum of Parkinson's disease patients.Our demonstration of submonolayer biolaser offers great potentials in high-throughput clinical diagnosis with ultimate sensitivity.展开更多
基金supported by the Defense Industrial Technology Development Program(JCKY2017110C0654)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11974063,61904023,62274018)+1 种基金Chongqing Special Postdoctoral Science Foundation(cstc2019jcyj-bsh0026)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2021CDJQY-022).
文摘The interfacial defects and energy barrier are main reasons for interfacial nonradiative recombination.In addition,poor perovskite crystallization and incomplete conversion of PbI_(2) to perovskite restrict further enhancement of the photovoltaic performance of the devices using sequential deposition.Herein,a buried interface stabilization strategy that relies on the synergy of fluorine(F)and sulfonyl(S=O)functional groups is proposed.A series of potassium salts containing halide and non-halogen anions are employed to modify SnO_(2)/perovskite buried interface.Multiple chemical bonds including hydrogen bond,coordination bond and ionic bond are realized,which strengthens interfacial contact and defect passivation effect.The chemical interaction between modification molecules and perovskite along with SnO_(2) heightens incessantly as the number of S=O and F augments.The chemical interaction strength between modifiers and perovskite as well as SnO_(2) gradually increases with the increase in the number of S=O and F.The defect passivation effect is positively correlated with the chemical interaction strength.The crystallization kinetics is regulated through the compromise between chemical interaction strength and wettability of substrates.Compared with Cl−,all non-halogen anions perform better in crystallization optimization,energy band regulation and defect passivation.The device with potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide achieves a tempting efficiency of 24.17%.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC） （61675169, 61377055 and 11634010）, the National Key R＆D Program of China （2017YFA0303800）, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities （3102017zy021, 3102017HQZZ 022）.
文摘We present a detailed analysis on mode evolution of gratingcoupled surface plasmonic polaritons （SPPs） on a conical metal tip based on the guidedwave theory. The eigenvalue equations for SPPs modes are discussed, revealing that cylindrical metal waveguides only support TM01 and HEm1 surface modes. During propagation on the metal tip, the gratingcoupled SPPs are converted to HE31, HE21, HE11 and TM01 successively, and these modes are sequentially cut off except TM01. The TM01 mode further propagates with drastically increasing effective mode index and is converted to localized surface plasmons （LSPs） at the tip apex, which is responsible for plasmonic nanofocusing. The gapmode plasmons can be excited with the focusing TM01 mode by approaching a metal substrate to the tip apex, resulting in further enhanced electric field and reduced size of the plasmonic focus.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20206,61922033,62275097)Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(2022WNLOKF007)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M711243).
文摘Self-assembly of particle-like dissipative solitons,in the presence of mutual interactions,emphasizes the vibrant concept of soliton molecules in varieties of laser resonators.Controllable manipulation of the molecular patterns,held by the degrees of freedom of internal motions,still remains challenging to explore more efficient and subtle tailoring approaches for the increasing demands.Here,we report a new phase-tailored quaternary encoding format based on the controllable internal assembly of dissipative soliton molecules.Artificial manipulation of the energy exchange of soliton-molecular elements stimulates the deterministic harnessing of the assemblies of internal dynamics.Self-assembled soliton molecules are tailored into four phase-defined regimes,thus constituting the phase-tailored quaternary encoding format.Such phase-tailored streams are endowed with great robustness and are resistant to significant timing jitter.All these results experimentally demonstrate the programmable phase tailoring and exemplify the application of the phase-tailored quaternary encoding,prospectively promoting high-capacity all-optical storage.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61405023,61635004)National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX201600200)+6 种基金Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(2017M610589)Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Chongqing(Xm2017047)Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTC2017JCYJA0651)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(106112017CDJXY120004)National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(61825501)H2020 Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions(691051)Russian Ministry of Science and Education(14.Y26.31.0017)
文摘Dissipative solitons emerge as stable pulse solutions of nonintegrable and nonconservative nonlinear physical systems, owing to a balance of nonlinearity, dispersion, and loss/gain. A considerable research effort has been dedicated to characterizing amplitude and phase evolutions in the spatiotemporal dynamics of dissipative solitons emerging from fiber lasers. Yet, the picture of the buildup process of dissipative solitons in fiber lasers is incomplete in the absence of corresponding information about the polarization evolution. Here, we characterize probabilistic polarization distributions in the buildup of dissipative solitons in a net-normal dispersion fiber laser system, mode-locked by single-wall carbon nanotubes. The output optical spectra under different pump powers are filtered by a tunable filter, and are detected by a polarization state analyzer. The laser system operates from random amplified spontaneous emission into a stable dissipative soliton state as the cavity gain is progressively increased. Correspondingly, the state of polarization of each spectral wavelength converges towards a fixed point.To reveal the invariant polarization relationship among the various wavelength components of the laser output field, the phase diagram of the ellipticity angle and the spherical orientation angle is introduced. We find that,within the central spectral region of the dissipative soliton, the state of polarization evolves with frequency by tracing a uniform arc on the Poincaré sphere, whereas in the edges of the dissipative soliton spectrum, the state of polarization abruptly changes its path. Increasing cavity gain leads to spectral broadening, accompanied by a random scattering of the state of polarization of newly generated frequencies. Further increases of pump power result in dissipative soliton explosions, accompanied by the emergence of a new type of optical polarization rogue waves. These experimental results provide a deeper insight into the transient dynamics of dissipative soliton fiber lasers.
基金The authors would like to gratefully acknowledge the funding support from the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (project number BK20160278)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019M651677)+4 种基金the Jiangsu Shuangchuang Program, the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2018YFB2200500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61975023 and 61674023)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (106112017CDJQJ128837, 2019CDYGYB010, 2019CDYGYB019, and 2018CDQYDL0051)the Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology (cstc2017jcyjB0127)the International Science & Technology Cooperation Program of China (2016YFE0119300).
文摘Fast and broadband photoelectric detection is a key process to many photoelectronic applications,during which the semiconductor light absorber plays a critical role.In this report,we prepared Cu-In-Zn-S(CIZS)nanospheres with different compositions via a facile hydrothermal method.These nanospheres were^200 nm in size and comprised of many small nanocrystals.A photodetector responded to the visible spectrum was demonstrated by spraying the solution processed nanospheres onto gold interdigital electrodes.The photoelectric characterization of these devices revealed that CIZS nanospheres with low molar ratio of n(Cu)/n(In)exhibited improved photoelectric response compared to those with high n(Cu)/n(In),which was attributed to the reduced defects.The relatively large switching ratio(Ion/Ioff),fast response and wide spectral coverage of the CIZS-based photodetector render it a promising potential candidate for photoelectronic applications.
基金Supported by the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 60537040, and Innovative Group Programme for Graduate Students of Chongqing University.
文摘A novel long-period fibre grating （LPFG） with low polarization-dependent loss （PDL） is fabricated by using a multi-edge exposure method with high frequency CO2 laser pulses. The experimental results show that the PDL of a triple-edge-written LPFG with a peak amplitude of-16.5 dB can be as low as 0.22 dB. These hovel LPFGs can find important applications in optical communication and sensing.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61922033,U22A20206)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2203904)+2 种基金Open Project Program of Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics(2022WNLOKF007)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2023CDJXY-041)Open Project Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber and Cable Manufacture Technology(YOFC)(SKLD2305)。
文摘Self-assembly of dissipative solitons arouses versatile configurations of molecular complexes,enriching intriguing dynamics in mode-locked lasers.The ongoing studies fuel the analogy between matter physics and optical solitons,and stimulate frontier developments of ultrafast optics.However,the behaviors of multiple constituents within soliton molecules still remain challenging to be precisely unveiled,regarding both the intramolecular and intermolecular motions.Here,we introduce the concept of“soliton isomer”to elucidate the molecular dynamics of multisoliton complexes.The time-lens and time-stretch techniques assisted temporal-spectral analysis reveals the diversity of assembly patterns,reminiscent of the“isomeric molecule”.Particularly,we study the fine energy exchange during the intramolecular motions,therefore gaining insights into the degrees of freedom of isomeric dynamics beyond temporal molecular patterns.All these findings further answer the question of how far the matter-soliton analogy reaches and pave an efficient route for assisting the artificial manipulation of multisoliton structures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61377066)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(CDJZR12125502,106112013CDJZR120002,and 106112013CDJZR160006)
文摘Ultra-narrow linewidth laser with several hundred hertz at room temperature has attracted a great deal of attention in recent years and played a critical role in both optical sensing and communication fields. In this paper, a new method based on Rayleigh backscattering to highly compress the laser linewidth was proposed and demonstrated theoretically and experimentally. By theoretical analysis and simulation, Rayleigh backscattering can be collected in any waveguide structure and all wave bands,which could have a revolutionary impact on the field of laser. A single-longitudinal mode fiber ring laser with130-Hz linewidth was achieved with self-injection feedback structure at normal atmospheric temperature. The linewidth compression based on Rayleigh backscattering lies in the fact that laser linewidth after scattering is narrower than that of incident light in high Rayleigh scattering structure. The self-rejection feedback method expanding free spectra range of laser cavity simultaneously was used to further suppress the mode-hopping and stabilizing output. Experimental results showed that the laser linewidth can be easily narrowed to hundreds of hertz with side-mode suppression up to 75 dB. This agrees with the theoretical analysis and simulation results qualitatively.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62275043,61875034,62205007,11825402,and 62105006)the 111 Project(B14039)+4 种基金the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2021YJ0101)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(ZYGX2021YGCX007)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2021T1400232020M680187,and 2021M700208)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2022QNRC001)。
文摘Biomarker detection is key to identifying health risks.However,designing sensitive and single-use biosensors for early diagnosis remains a major challenge.Here,we report submonolayer lasers on optical fibers as ultrasensitive and disposable biosensors.Telecom optical fibers serve as distributed optical microcavities with high Q-factor,great repeatability,and ultralow cost,which enables whispering-gallery laser emission to detect biomarkers.It is found that the sensing performance strongly depends on the number of gain molecules.The submonolayer lasers obtained a six-order-of-magnitude improvement in the lower limit of detection(LOD)when compared to saturated monolayer lasers.We further achieve an ultrasensitive immunoassay for a Parkinson's disease biomarker,alpha-synuclein(α-syn),with a lower LOD of 0.32 pM in serum,which is three orders of magnitude lower than theα-syn concentration in the serum of Parkinson's disease patients.Our demonstration of submonolayer biolaser offers great potentials in high-throughput clinical diagnosis with ultimate sensitivity.
