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Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system after transplantation: implications for advanced cell therapy in the retina 被引量:1
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作者 María Norte-Muñoz David García-Bernal +2 位作者 Diego García-Ayuso Manuel Vidal-Sanz Marta Agudo-Barriuso 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期542-547,共6页
Advanced mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are widely investigated in preclinical models.Mesenchymal stromal cells are well positioned as therapeutics because they address the und... Advanced mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are widely investigated in preclinical models.Mesenchymal stromal cells are well positioned as therapeutics because they address the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration,namely trophic factor deprivation and neuroinflammation.Most studies have focused on the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation on neuronal survival or functional improvement.However,little attention has been paid to the interaction between mesenchymal stromal cells and the host immune system due to the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells and the long-held belief of the immunoprivileged status of the central nervous system.Here,we review the crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system in general and in the context of the central nervous system,focusing on recent work in the retina and the importance of the type of transplantation. 展开更多
关键词 adaptive immunity cell therapy central nervous system immune system innate immunity mesenchymal stromal cells NEUROREGENERATION preclinical studies RETINA TRANSPLANTATION
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Taurine: a promising nutraceutic in the prevention of retinal degeneration 被引量:1
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作者 Diego García-Ayuso Johnny Di Pierdomenico +3 位作者 Ana Martínez-Vacas Manuel Vidal-Sanz Serge Picaud María PVillegas-Pérez 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第3期606-610,共5页
Taurine is considered a non-essential amino acid because it is synthesized by most mammals.However,dietary intake of taurine may be necessary to achieve the physiological levels required for the development,maintenanc... Taurine is considered a non-essential amino acid because it is synthesized by most mammals.However,dietary intake of taurine may be necessary to achieve the physiological levels required for the development,maintenance,and function of certain tissues.Taurine may be especially important for the retina.The concentration of taurine in the retina is higher than that in any other tissue in the body and taurine deficiency causes retinal oxidative stress,apoptosis,and degeneration of photoreceptors and retinal ganglion cells.Low plasma taurine levels may also underlie retinal degeneration in humans and therefore,taurine administration could exert retinal neuroprotective effects.Taurine has antioxidant,anti-apoptotic,immunomodulatory,and calcium homeostasis-regulatory properties.This review summarizes the role of taurine in retinal health and disease,where it appears that taurine may be a promising nutraceutical. 展开更多
关键词 amino acid ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ANTIOXIDANT gamma-aminobutyric acid NUTRACEUTICAL photoreceptor degeneration RETINA retinitis pigmentosa TAURINE
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Adult neurogenesis:a real hope or a delusion? 被引量:2
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作者 Ghulam Hussain Rabia Akram +5 位作者 Haseeb Anwar Faiqa Sajid Tehreem Iman Hyung Soo Han Chand Raza Jose-Luis Gonzalez De Aguilar 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期6-15,共10页
Adult neurogenesis,the process of creating new neurons,involves the coordinated division,migration,and differentiation of neural stem cells.This process is restricted to neurogenic niches located in two distinct areas... Adult neurogenesis,the process of creating new neurons,involves the coordinated division,migration,and differentiation of neural stem cells.This process is restricted to neurogenic niches located in two distinct areas of the brain:the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle,where new neurons are generated and then migrate to the olfactory bulb.Neurogenesis has been thought to occur only during the embryonic and early postnatal stages and to decline with age due to a continuous depletion of neural stem cells.Interestingly,recent years have seen tremendous progress in our understanding of adult brain neurogenesis,bridging the knowledge gap between embryonic and adult neurogenesis.Here,we discuss the current status of adult brain neurogenesis in light of what we know about neural stem cells.In this notion,we talk about the importance of intra cellular signaling molecules in mobilizing endogenous neural stem cell prolife ration.Based on the current understanding,we can declare that these molecules play a role in targeting neurogenesis in the mature brain.However,to achieve this goal,we need to avoid the undesired proliferation of neural stem cells by controlling the necessary checkpoints,which can lead to tumorigenesis and prove to be a curse instead of a blessing or hope. 展开更多
关键词 adult neurogenesis AGING brain-derived neurotrophic factor dentate gyrus HIPPOCAMPUS neural stem cells neurotrophic factors NOTCH oxidative stress stem cells subgranular zone
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Autoantibodies related to ataxia and other central nervous system manifestations of gluten enteropathy
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作者 Tsvetelina Velikova Georgi Vasilev +5 位作者 Russka Shumnalieva Lyubomir Chervenkov Dimitrina Georgieva Miteva Milena Gulinac Stamatios Priftis Snezhina Lazova 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第12期2031-2039,共9页
Gluten ataxia and other central nervous system disorders could be linked to gluten enteropathy and related autoantibodies.In this narrative review,we focus on the various neuro-logical manifestations in patients with ... Gluten ataxia and other central nervous system disorders could be linked to gluten enteropathy and related autoantibodies.In this narrative review,we focus on the various neuro-logical manifestations in patients with gluten sensitivity/celiac disease,immunological and autoimmune mechanisms of ataxia in connection to gluten sensitivity and the autoantibodies that could be used as a biomarker for diagnosing and following.We focused on the anti-gliadin antibodies,antibodies to different isoforms of tissue transglutaminase(TG)(anti-TG2,3,and 6 antibodies),anti-glycine receptor antibodies,anti-glutamine acid decarboxylase antibodies,anti-deamidated gliadin peptides antibodies,etc.Most studies found a higher prevalence of these antibodies in patients with gluten sensitivity and neurological dysfunction,presented as different neurological disorders.We also discuss the role of a gluten-free diet on the clinical improvement of patients and also on imaging of these disorders. 展开更多
关键词 Gluten ataxia Celiac disease Gluten enteropathy AUTOANTIBODIES Anti-gliadin antibodies Anti-bodies to tissue transglutaminase Anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies Anti-transglutaminase 6 antibodies Anti-glycine receptor antibodies Anti-glutamine acid decarboxylase antibodies
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Tuberculosis in kidney transplant candidates and recipients
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作者 Pallavi Prasad Sourabh Sharma +2 位作者 Subashri Mohanasundaram Anupam Agarwal Himanshu Verma 《World Journal of Transplantation》 2024年第3期59-69,共11页
Tuberculosis(TB)is the leading cause of infectious mortality and morbidity in the world,second only to coronavirus disease 2019.Patients with chronic kidney disease and kidney transplant recipients are at a higher ris... Tuberculosis(TB)is the leading cause of infectious mortality and morbidity in the world,second only to coronavirus disease 2019.Patients with chronic kidney disease and kidney transplant recipients are at a higher risk of developing TB than the general population.Active TB is difficult to diagnose in this population due to close mimics.All transplant candidates should be screened for latent TB infection and given TB prophylaxis.Patients who develop active TB pre-or post-trans-plantation should receive multidrug combination therapy of antitubercular therapy for the recommended duration with optimal dose modification as per glomerular filtration rate. 展开更多
关键词 TUBERCULOSIS Latent Antitubercular therapy Kidney transplantation Donor Interferon-gamma release assays TUBERCULIN RIFAMPICIN ISONIAZID
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Myelin histology:a key tool in nervous system research 被引量:1
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作者 Óscar Darío García-García Víctor Carriel Jesús Chato-Astrain 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期277-281,共5页
The myelin sheath is a lipoprotein-rich,multilayered structure capable of increasing conduction velocity in central and peripheral myelinated nerve fibers.Due to the complex structure and composition of myelin,various... The myelin sheath is a lipoprotein-rich,multilayered structure capable of increasing conduction velocity in central and peripheral myelinated nerve fibers.Due to the complex structure and composition of myelin,various histological techniques have been developed over the centuries to evaluate myelin under normal,pathological or experimental conditions.Today,methods to assess myelin integrity or content are key tools in both clinical diagnosis and neuroscience research.In this review,we provide an updated summary of the composition and structure of the myelin sheath and discuss some histological procedures,from tissue fixation and processing techniques to the most used and practical myelin histological staining methods.Considering the lipoprotein nature of myelin,the main features and technical details of the different available methods that can be used to evaluate the lipid or protein components of myelin are described,as well as the precise ultrastructural techniques. 展开更多
关键词 fluorescence microscopy HISTOLOGY light microscopy lipid histochemistry metallographic techniques myelin histochemistry myelin immunohistochemistry myelin structure&composition myelin ultrastructural evaluation tissue fixation&processing
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Promotion of structural plasticity in area V2 of visual cortex prevents against object recognition memory deficits in aging and Alzheimer's disease rodents
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作者 Irene Navarro-Lobato Mariam Masmudi-Martín +8 位作者 Manuel F.López-Aranda Juan F.López-Téllez Gloria Delgado Pablo Granados-Durán Celia Gaona-Romero Marta Carretero-Rey Sinforiano Posadas María E.Quiros-Ortega Zafar U.Khan 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第8期1835-1841,共7页
Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for treatment.Up till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to ... Memory deficit,which is often associated with aging and many psychiatric,neurological,and neurodegenerative diseases,has been a challenging issue for treatment.Up till now,all potential drug candidates have failed to produce satisfa ctory effects.Therefore,in the search for a solution,we found that a treatment with the gene corresponding to the RGS14414protein in visual area V2,a brain area connected with brain circuits of the ventral stream and the medial temporal lobe,which is crucial for object recognition memory(ORM),can induce enhancement of ORM.In this study,we demonstrated that the same treatment with RGS14414in visual area V2,which is relatively unaffected in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer s disease,produced longlasting enhancement of ORM in young animals and prevent ORM deficits in rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s disease.Furthermore,we found that the prevention of memory deficits was mediated through the upregulation of neuronal arbo rization and spine density,as well as an increase in brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF).A knockdown of BDNF gene in RGS14414-treated aging rats and Alzheimer s disease model mice caused complete loss in the upregulation of neuronal structural plasticity and in the prevention of ORM deficits.These findings suggest that BDNF-mediated neuronal structural plasticity in area V2 is crucial in the prevention of memory deficits in RGS14414-treated rodent models of aging and Alzheimer’s disease.Therefore,our findings of RGS14414gene-mediated activation of neuronal circuits in visual area V2 have therapeutic relevance in the treatment of memory deficits. 展开更多
关键词 behavioral performance brain-derived neurotrophic factor cognitive dysfunction episodic memory memory circuit activation memory deficits memory enhancement object recognition memory prevention of memory loss regulator of G protein signaling
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The dorsal root ganglion as a target for neurorestoration in neuropathic pain 被引量:1
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作者 Guillermo Estivill-Torrús Ana Belen Martínez-Padilla +2 位作者 Lourdes Sánchez-Salido Anne Baron-Van Evercooren Beatriz García-Díaz 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期296-301,共6页
Neuropathic pain is a severe and chronic condition widely found in the general population.The reason for this is the extensive variety of damage or diseases that can spark this unpleasant constant feeling in patients.... Neuropathic pain is a severe and chronic condition widely found in the general population.The reason for this is the extensive variety of damage or diseases that can spark this unpleasant constant feeling in patients.During the processing of pain,the dorsal root ganglia constitute an important region where dorsal root ganglion neurons play a crucial role in the transmission and propagation of sensory electrical stimulation.Furthermore,the dorsal root ganglia have recently exhibited a regenerative capacity that should not be neglected in the understanding of the development and resolution of neuropathic pain and in the elucidation of innovative therapies.Here,we will review the complex interplay between cells(satellite glial cells and inflammatory cells)and factors(cytokines,neurotrophic factors and genetic factors)that takes place within the dorsal root ganglia and accounts for the generation of the aberrant excitation of primary sensory neurons occurring in neuropathic pain.More importantly,we will summarize an updated view of the current pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies targeting the dorsal root ganglia for the treatment of neuropathic pain. 展开更多
关键词 CYTOKINES dorsal root ganglia genetic factors neuropathic pain neurotrophic factors pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapies satellite glial cells sensory neurons
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A High Order Accurate Bound-Preserving Compact Finite Difference Scheme for Two-Dimensional Incompressible Flow
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作者 Hao Li Xiangxiong Zhang 《Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation》 EI 2024年第1期113-141,共29页
For solving two-dimensional incompressible flow in the vorticity form by the fourth-order compact finite difference scheme and explicit strong stability preserving temporal discretizations,we show that the simple boun... For solving two-dimensional incompressible flow in the vorticity form by the fourth-order compact finite difference scheme and explicit strong stability preserving temporal discretizations,we show that the simple bound-preserving limiter in Li et al.(SIAM J Numer Anal 56:3308–3345,2018)can enforce the strict bounds of the vorticity,if the velocity field satisfies a discrete divergence free constraint.For reducing oscillations,a modified TVB limiter adapted from Cockburn and Shu(SIAM J Numer Anal 31:607–627,1994)is constructed without affecting the bound-preserving property.This bound-preserving finite difference method can be used for any passive convection equation with a divergence free velocity field. 展开更多
关键词 Finite difference MONOTONICITY Bound-preserving Discrete maximum principle Passive convection Incompressible flow Total variation bounded limiter
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Early Neoproterozoic Granite-Gneisses of the Junggar Alataw(Southeastern Kazakhstan):Age,Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications
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作者 Nadezhda KANYGINA Andrey TRETYAKOV +4 位作者 Dmitriy ALEXEIEV Kirill DEGTYAREV Anfisa SKOBLENKO Natalia SOLOSHENKO Boris ERMOLAEV 《Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期67-82,共16页
The combined petrographic,petrological,geochemical and geochronological study of the Neoproterozoic gneisses of the Sarychabyn and Baskan complexes of the Junggar Alataw of South Kazakhstan elucidate the Precambrian t... The combined petrographic,petrological,geochemical and geochronological study of the Neoproterozoic gneisses of the Sarychabyn and Baskan complexes of the Junggar Alataw of South Kazakhstan elucidate the Precambrian tectonic evolution of the Aktau–Yili terrane.It is one of the largest Precambrian crustal blocks in the western Central Asian orogenic belt.The U-Pb single-grain zircon ages indicate that granite-gneisses formed from the same source and crystallised in the early Neoproterozoic ca.930–920 Ma.The chemical composition of gneisses corresponds to A2-type granites.The whole-rock Nd isotopic characteristics(εNd(t)=−4.9 to−1.0 and TNd(DM-2st)=1.9 to 1.7 Ga)indicate the involvement of Paleoproterozoic crustal rocks in magma generation.Early Neoproterozoic ca.930–920 Ma A-type granitoids in the Aktau–Yili terrane of South and Central Kazakhstan might reflect within-plate magmatism adjacent to the collisional belt or a local extension setting in back-arc areas of the continental arc. 展开更多
关键词 granitoid magmatism geochemistry geochronology Sm-Nd isotope systematics NEOPROTEROZOIC Junggar Alataw Kazakhstan Central Asian orogenic belt
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Impact of payment source, referral site, and place of residence on outcomes after allogeneic transplantation in Mexico
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作者 Andrés Gómez-De León Yesica A López-Mora +13 位作者 Valeria García-Zárate Ana Varela-Constantino Sergio U Villegas-De Leon Xitlaly J González-Leal Raúl del Toro-Mijares Anna C Rodríguez-Zúñiga Juan F Barrios-Ruiz Victor Mingura-Ledezma Perla R Colunga-Pedraza Olga G Cantú-Rodríguez César H Gutiérrez-Aguirre Luz Tarín-Arzaga Elías E González-López David Gómez-Almaguer 《World Journal of Transplantation》 2024年第2期76-87,共12页
BACKGROUND The impact of social determinants of health in allogeneic transplant recipients in low-and middle-income countries is poorly described.This observational study analyzes the impact of place of residence,refe... BACKGROUND The impact of social determinants of health in allogeneic transplant recipients in low-and middle-income countries is poorly described.This observational study analyzes the impact of place of residence,referring institution,and transplant cost coverage(out-of-pocket vs government-funded vs private insurance)on outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(alloHSCT)in two of Mexico's largest public and private institutions.AIM To evaluate the impact of social determinants of health and their relationship with outcomes among allogeneic transplant recipients in Mexico.METHODS In this retrospective cohort study,we included adolescents and adults≥16 years who received a matched sibling or haploidentical transplant from 2015-2022.Participants were selected without regard to their diagnosis and were sourced from both a private clinic and a public University Hospital in Mexico.Three payment groups were compared:Out-of-pocket(OOP),private insurance,and a federal Universal healthcare program“Seguro Popular”.Outcomes were compared between referred and institution-diagnosed patients,and between residents of Nuevo Leon and out-of-state.Primary outcomes included overall survival(OS),categorized by residence,referral,and payment source.Secondary outcomes encompassed early mortality,event-free-survival,graft-versus-host-relapse-free survival,and non-relapse-mortality(NRM).Statistical analyses employed appropriate tests,Kaplan-Meier method,and Cox proportional hazard regression modeling.Statistical software included SPSS and R with tidycmprsk library.RESULTS Our primary outcome was overall survival.We included 287 patients,n=164 who lived out of state(57.1%),and n=129 referred from another institution(44.9%).The most frequent payment source was OOP(n=139,48.4%),followed by private insurance(n=75,26.1%)and universal coverage(n=73,25.4%).No differences in OS,event-free-survival,NRM,or graft-versus-host-relapse-free survival were observed for patients diagnosed locally vs in another institution,nor patients who lived in-state vs out-of-state.Patients who covered transplant costs through private insurance had the best outcomes with improved OS(median not reached)and 2-year cumulative incidence of NRM of 14%than patients who covered costs OOP(Median OS and 2-year NRM of 32%)or through a universal healthcare program active during the study period(OS and 2-year NRM of 19%)(P=0.024 and P=0.002,respectively).In a multivariate analysis,payment source and disease risk index were the only factors associated with overall survival.CONCLUSION In this Latin-American multicenter study,the site of residence or referral for alloHSCT did not impact outcomes.However,access to healthcare coverage for alloHSCT was associated with improved OS and reduced NRM. 展开更多
关键词 Hematopoietic cell transplant Social determinants of health Geography HAPLOIDENTICAL OUT-OF-POCKET Financial toxicity Survival Health services and outcomes Hematopoietic malignancy Aplastic anemia
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Management of lateral pelvic lymph nodes in rectal cancer:Is it time to reach an Agreement?
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作者 Sigfredo E Romero-Zoghbi Fernando López-Campos Felipe Couñago 《World Journal of Clinical Oncology》 2024年第4期472-477,共6页
In this editorial,we proceed to comment on the article by Chua et al,addressing the management of metastatic lateral pelvic lymph nodes(mLLN)in stage II/III rectal cancer patients below the peritoneal reflection.The t... In this editorial,we proceed to comment on the article by Chua et al,addressing the management of metastatic lateral pelvic lymph nodes(mLLN)in stage II/III rectal cancer patients below the peritoneal reflection.The treatment of this nodal area sparks significant controversy due to the strategic differences followed by Eastern and Western physicians,albeit with a higher degree of convergence in recent years.The dissection of lateral pelvic lymph nodes without neoadjuvant therapy is a standard practice in Eastern countries.In contrast,in the West,preference leans towards opting for neoadjuvant therapy with chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy,that would cover the treatment of this area without the need to add the dissection of these nodes to the total mesorectal excision.In the presence of high-risk nodal characteristics for mLLN related to radiological imaging and lack of response to neoadjuvant therapy,the risk of lateral local recurrence increases,suggesting the appropriate selection of strategies to reduce the risk of recurrence in each patient profile.Despite the heterogeneous and retrospective nature of studies addressing this area,an international consensus is necessary to approach this clinical scenario uniformly. 展开更多
关键词 Rectal cancer Lateral pelvic lymph node metastases Pelvic lymph node dissection Total neoadjuvant therapy Selective management of the lateral pelvic nodes Prophylactic management of the lateral pelvic nodes CHEMORADIOTHERAPY Total mesorectal excision
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Pathological and therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles in neurological and neurodegenerative diseases 被引量:2
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作者 Paula lzquierdo-Altarejos Victoria Moreno-Manzano Vicente Felipo 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第1期55-61,共7页
Extracellular vesicles are released by all cell types and contain proteins,microRNAs,mRNAs,and other bioactive molecules.Extracellular vesicles play an important role in intercellular communication and in the modulati... Extracellular vesicles are released by all cell types and contain proteins,microRNAs,mRNAs,and other bioactive molecules.Extracellular vesicles play an important role in intercellular communication and in the modulation of the immune system and neuroinflammation.The cargo of extra cellular vesicles(e.g.,proteins and microRNAs)is altered in pathological situations.Extracellular vesicles contribute to the pathogenesis of many pathologies associated with sustained inflammation and neuroinflammation,including cance r,diabetes,hype rammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy,and other neurological and neurodegenerative diseases.Extracellular vesicles may cross the blood-brain barrier and transfer pathological signals from the periphery to the brain.This contributes to inducing neuroinflammation and cognitive and motor impairment in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy and in neurodegenerative diseases.The mechanisms involved are beginning to be unde rstood.For example,increased tumor necrosis factor a in extracellular vesicles from plasma of hype rammonemic rats induces neuroinflammation and motor impairment when injected into normal rats.Identifying the mechanisms by which extracellular vesicles contribute to the pathogenesis of these diseases will help to develop new treatments and diagnostic tools for their easy and early detection.In contrast,extra cellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells have therapeutic utility in many of the above pathologies,by reducing inflammation and neuroinflammation and improving cognitive and motor function.These extra cellular vesicles recapitulate the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stem cells and have advantages as therapeutic tools:they are less immunoge nic,may not diffe rentiate to malignant cells,cross the blood-brain barrier,and may reach more easily target organs.Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells have beneficial effects in models of ischemic brain injury,Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases,hyperammonemia,and hepatic encephalopathy.Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells modulate the immune system,promoting the shift from a pro-inflammato ry to an anti-inflammatory state.For example,extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells modulate the Th17/Treg balance,promoting the anti-inflammatory Treg.Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells may also act directly in the brain to modulate microglia activation,promoting a shift from a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory state.This reduces neuroinflammation and improves cognitive and motor function.Two main components of extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells which contribute to these beneficial effects are transforming growth factor-βand miR-124.Identifying the mechanisms by which extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells induce the beneficial effects and the main molecules(e.g.,proteins and mRNAs)involved may help to improve their therapeutic utility.The aims of this review are to summarize the knowledge of the pathological effects of extracellular vesicles in different pathologies,the therapeutic potential of extra cellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells to recover cognitive and motor function and the molecular mechanisms for these beneficial effects on neurological function. 展开更多
关键词 extracellular vesicles INFLAMMATION cognitive function mesenchymal stem cells neurodegenerative diseases NEUROINFLAMMATION THERAPY transforming growth factor-β
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Low-Cost Federated Broad Learning for Privacy-Preserved Knowledge Sharing in the RIS-Aided Internet of Vehicles 被引量:1
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作者 Xiaoming Yuan Jiahui Chen +4 位作者 Ning Zhang Qiang(John)Ye Changle Li Chunsheng Zhu Xuemin Sherman Shen 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期178-189,共12页
High-efficiency and low-cost knowledge sharing can improve the decision-making ability of autonomous vehicles by mining knowledge from the Internet of Vehicles(IoVs).However,it is challenging to ensure high efficiency... High-efficiency and low-cost knowledge sharing can improve the decision-making ability of autonomous vehicles by mining knowledge from the Internet of Vehicles(IoVs).However,it is challenging to ensure high efficiency of local data learning models while preventing privacy leakage in a high mobility environment.In order to protect data privacy and improve data learning efficiency in knowledge sharing,we propose an asynchronous federated broad learning(FBL)framework that integrates broad learning(BL)into federated learning(FL).In FBL,we design a broad fully connected model(BFCM)as a local model for training client data.To enhance the wireless channel quality for knowledge sharing and reduce the communication and computation cost of participating clients,we construct a joint resource allocation and reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)configuration optimization framework for FBL.The problem is decoupled into two convex subproblems.Aiming to improve the resource scheduling efficiency in FBL,a double Davidon–Fletcher–Powell(DDFP)algorithm is presented to solve the time slot allocation and RIS configuration problem.Based on the results of resource scheduling,we design a reward-allocation algorithm based on federated incentive learning(FIL)in FBL to compensate clients for their costs.The simulation results show that the proposed FBL framework achieves better performance than the comparison models in terms of efficiency,accuracy,and cost for knowledge sharing in the IoV. 展开更多
关键词 Knowledge sharing Internet of Vehicles Federated learning Broad learning Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces Resource allocation
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Novel insights into D-Pinitol based therapies:a link between tau hyperphosphorylation and insulin resistance 被引量:3
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作者 Dina Medina-Vera Antonio Jesús López-Gambero +4 位作者 Juan Antonio Navarro Carlos Sanjuan Elena Baixeras Juan Decara Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期289-295,共7页
Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the amyloid accumulation in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease.The pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease is mainly mediated by the pho... Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the amyloid accumulation in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease.The pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease is mainly mediated by the phosphorylation and aggregation of tau protein.Among the multiple causes of tau hyperphosphorylation,brain insulin resistance has generated much attention,and inositols as insulin sensitizers,are currently considered candidates for drug development.The present narrative review revises the interactions between these three elements:Alzheimer’s disease-tau-inositols,which can eventually identify targets for new disease modifiers capable of bringing hope to the millions of people affected by this devastating disease. 展开更多
关键词 Alzheimer’s disease cyclin-dependent kinase 5 diabetes D-PINITOL inositols insulin resistance KINASES PHOSPHORYLATION PI3K/Akt tau
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Molecular insights into oil detachment from hydrophobic quartz surfaces in clay-hosted nanopores during steam-surfactant co-injection
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作者 Ben-Jie-Ming Liu Xuan-Tong Lei +1 位作者 Mohammadali Ahmadi Zhangxin Chen 《Petroleum Science》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期2457-2468,共12页
Thermal recovery techniques for producing oil sands have substantial environmental impacts.Surfactants can efficiently improve thermal bitumen recovery and reduce the required amount of steam.Such a technique requires... Thermal recovery techniques for producing oil sands have substantial environmental impacts.Surfactants can efficiently improve thermal bitumen recovery and reduce the required amount of steam.Such a technique requires solid knowledge about the interaction mechanism between surfactants,bitumen,water,and rock at the nanoscale level.In particular,oil sands ores have extremely complex mineralogy as they contain many clay minerals(montmorillonite,illite,kaolinite).In this study,molecular dynamics simulation is carried out to elucidate the unclear mechanisms of clay minerals contributing to the bitumen recovery under a steam-anionic surfactant co-injection process.We found that the clay content significantly influenced an oil detachment process from hydrophobic quartz surfaces.Results reveal that the presence of montmorillonite,illite,and the siloxane surface of kaolinite in nanopores can enhance the oil detachment process from the hydrophobic surfaces because surfactant molecules have a stronger tendency to interact with bitumen and quartz.Conversely,the gibbsite surfaces of kaolinite curb the oil detachment process.Through interaction energy analysis,the siloxane surfaces of kaolinite result in the most straightforward oil detachment process.In addition,we found that the clay type presented in nanopores affected the wettability of the quartz surfaces.The quartz surfaces associated with the gibbsite surfaces of kaolinite show the strongest hydrophilicity.By comparing previous experimental findings with the results of molecular dynamics(MD)simulations,we observed consistent wetting characteristics.This alignment serves to validate the reliability of the simulation outcomes.The outcome of this paper makes up for the lack of knowledge of a surfactant-assisted bitumen recovery process and provides insights for further in-situ bitumen production engineering designs. 展开更多
关键词 Clay minerals BITUMEN Contact angle Interaction energy SURFACTANT Molecular dynamics
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From the mathematical model to the patient: The scientific and human aspects of artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal surgery
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作者 Javier Arredondo Montero 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery》 SCIE 2024年第6期1517-1520,共4页
Recent medical literature shows that the application of artificial intelligence(AI)models in gastrointestinal pathology is an exponentially growing field,with pro-mising models that show very high performances.Regardi... Recent medical literature shows that the application of artificial intelligence(AI)models in gastrointestinal pathology is an exponentially growing field,with pro-mising models that show very high performances.Regarding inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),recent reviews demonstrate promising diagnostic and prognostic AI models.However,studies are generally at high risk of bias(especially in AI models that are image-based).The creation of specific AI models that improve diagnostic performance and allow the establishment of a general prognostic fo-recast in IBD is of great interest,as it may allow the stratification of patients into subgroups and,in turn,allow the creation of different diagnostic and therapeutic protocols for these patients.Regarding surgical models,predictive models of post-operative complications have shown great potential in large-scale studies.In this work,the authors present the development of a predictive algorithm for early post-surgical complications in Crohn's disease based on a Random Forest model with exceptional predictive ability for complications within the cohort.The pre-sent work,based on logical and reasoned,clinical,and applicable aspects,lays a solid foundation for future prospective work to further develop post-surgical prognostic tools for IBD.The next step is to develop in a prospective and mul-ticenter way,a collaborative path to optimize this line of research and make it applicable to our patients. 展开更多
关键词 Survivor bias Data analysis Machine learning ETHICS Critical thinking POSTSURGICAL COMPLICATIONS Inflammatory bowel disease Gastrointestinal surgery
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Early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: Shedding light on an unresolved challenge
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作者 Cristian Lindner 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2024年第14期2463-2465,共3页
Diagnosing early-stage pancreatic cancer(PC)remains a clinical challenge.Hence,studying novel imaging aspects that could enhance the diagnostic accuracy of malignant pancreatic precursor lesions is imperative.This art... Diagnosing early-stage pancreatic cancer(PC)remains a clinical challenge.Hence,studying novel imaging aspects that could enhance the diagnostic accuracy of malignant pancreatic precursor lesions is imperative.This article aims to un-derscore the promising role of emerging imaging aspects that may facilitate the earlier diagnosis of PC,thereby improving its management and prognosis. 展开更多
关键词 Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm High-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm Pancreatic ducts Cancer Early diagnosis
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Phase composition,conductivity,and sensor properties of cerium-doped indium oxide
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作者 M.I.Ikim G.N.Gerasimov +2 位作者 V.F.Gromov O.J.Ilegbusi L.I.Trakhtenberg 《Nano Materials Science》 EI CAS CSCD 2024年第2期193-200,共8页
The hydrothermal synthesis of In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)is investigated as well as the properties of sensor layers based on these compounds.During the synthesis of In_(2)O_(3),intermediate products In(OH)_(3)... The hydrothermal synthesis of In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)is investigated as well as the properties of sensor layers based on these compounds.During the synthesis of In_(2)O_(3),intermediate products In(OH)_(3)and InOOH are formed,which are the precursors of stable cubic(c-In_(2)O_(3))and metastable rhombohedral(rh-In_(2)O_(3))phases,respectively.A transition from c-In_(2)O_(3)to rh-In_(2)O_(3)is observed with the addition of CeO_(2).The introduction of cerium into rh-In_(2)O_(3)results in a decrease in the sensor response to hydrogen,while it increases in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).The data on the sensor activity of the composites correlate with XPS results in which CeO_(2)causes a decrease in the concentrations of chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies in rh-In_(2)O_(3).The reverse situation is observed in composites based on c-In_(2)O_(3).Compared to In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2)–In_(2)O_(3)obtained by other methods,the synthesized composites demonstrate maximum response to H_(2)at low temperatures by 70–100℃,and have short response time(0.2–0.5 s),short recovery time(6–7 s),and long-term stability.A model is proposed for the dependence of sensitivity on the direction of electron transfer between In_(2)O_(3)and CeO_(2). 展开更多
关键词 Cerium oxide Indium oxide NANOCOMPOSITE Hydrothermal method Cubic phase Rhombohedral phase Sensor response CONDUCTIVITY HYDROGEN Response/recovery time
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Studies on the temporal,structural,and interacting features of the clubroot resistance gene Rcr1 using CRISPR/Cas9-based systems
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作者 Hao Hu Fengqun Yu 《Horticultural Plant Journal》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第4期1035-1048,共14页
Clubroot disease is a severe threat to Brassica crops globally,particularly in western Canada.Genetic resistance,achieved through pyramiding clubroot resistance(CR)genes with different modes of action,is the most impo... Clubroot disease is a severe threat to Brassica crops globally,particularly in western Canada.Genetic resistance,achieved through pyramiding clubroot resistance(CR)genes with different modes of action,is the most important strategy for managing the disease.However,studies on the CR gene functions are quite limited.In this study,we have conducted investigations into the temporal,structural,and interacting features of a newly cloned CR gene,Rcr1,using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.For temporal functionality,we developed a novel CRISPR/Cas9-based binary vector,pHHIGR-Hsp18.2,to deliver Rcr1 into a susceptible canola line(DH12075)and observed that early expression of Rcr1 is critical for conferring resistance.For structural functionality,several independent mutations in specific domains of Rcr1 resulted in loss-offunction,highlighting their importance for CR phenotype.In the study of the interacting features of Rcr1,a cysteine protease gene and its homologous allele in canola were successfully disrupted via CRISPR/Cas9 as an interacting component with Rcr1 protein,resulting in the conversion from clubroot resistant to susceptible in plants carrying intact Rcr1.These results indicated an indispensable role of these two cysteine proteases in Rcr1-mediated resistance response.This study,the first of its kind,provides valuable insights into the functionality of Rcr1.Further,the new vector p HHIGR-Hsp18.2 demonstrated an inducible feature on the removal of add-on traits,which should be useful for functional genomics and other similar research in brassica crops. 展开更多
关键词 Clubroot resistance Brassica crops CANOLA Rcr1 CRISPR/Cas9 system Gene knock-out Timing control Non-synonymous mutation Protein-protein interaction
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