Objective This study aimed to determine the spatiotemporal distribution and epidemiological characteristics of hospital admissions for carbon monoxide poisoning(COP)in Guangdong,China,from 2013 to 2020.Methods Data on...Objective This study aimed to determine the spatiotemporal distribution and epidemiological characteristics of hospital admissions for carbon monoxide poisoning(COP)in Guangdong,China,from 2013 to 2020.Methods Data on age-and sex-specific numbers of hospital admissions due to COP in Guangdong(2013-2020)were collected.Daily temperatures were downloaded through the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System.We analyzed temporal trends through time series decomposition and used spatial autocorrelation analysis to detect spatial clustering.The distributed lag nonlinear model was used to quantify the effects of temperature.Results There were 48,854 COP admissions over the study period.The sex ratio(male to female)was1:1.74.The concentration ratios(M)ranged from 0.73-0.82.The highest risk occurred in January(season index=3.59).Most cases were concentrated in the northern mountainous areas of Guangdong with high-high clustering.COP in the study region showed significant spatial autocorrelation,and the global Moran’s I value of average annual hospital admission rates for COP was 0.447(P<0.05).Low temperatures were associated with high hospital admission rates for COP,with a lag lasting 7 days.With a lag of 0 days,the effects of low temperatures[5th(12℃)]on COP were 2.24-3.81,as compared with the reference temperature[median(24℃)].Conclusion COP in Guangdong province showed significant temporal and spatial heterogeneity.Low temperature was associated with a high risk of COP,and the influence had a lag lasting 7 days.展开更多
Objective This study analyzed patterns of suicide and suicide attempts by poisoning as reported through a national poison control system for the purpose of improving intervention and prevention. Methods During the per...Objective This study analyzed patterns of suicide and suicide attempts by poisoning as reported through a national poison control system for the purpose of improving intervention and prevention. Methods During the period of 2000 to 2006, 6440 cases of poisoning suicide were reported to the telephone consultation service system of The National Center for Poisoning Control (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention). Among these records, 4728 cases had completed data for this analysis in terms of age, sex, trend of time and location, and type of poisons. Results There were 60.6% female cases with the age from 10 to 90 years old. The age of cases from 20 to 39 years accounted for 54.5% of all age groups. Both the numbers and percentage in record related to poisoning consultation of oral poisoning suicide showed an increasing tendency during the 7 years. In particular, there was a drastic increase from 2004 to 2006. In addition, the high frequency of cases occurred from May to October. Hebei, Shandong, Henan, and Anhui Provinces had the highest number of cases. Pesticide poisonings were the most common method in these cases of consultation for suicide and suicide attempts. Conclusion This study describes epidemiological characteristics in the oral poisoning suicide cases and provides scientific basis for suicide prevention interventions.展开更多
Results of the Global Burden of Disease,Injury and Risk Factor Study 2010(GBD 2010)were released on December 13,2012 in London,a series of papers concerning the project have been published in the Lancet[1].Research fi...Results of the Global Burden of Disease,Injury and Risk Factor Study 2010(GBD 2010)were released on December 13,2012 in London,a series of papers concerning the project have been published in the Lancet[1].Research findings of the project have been reported in the United States,the United Kingdom,Indonesia,China[2]and Australia,and widely applied across the world.In addition,the GBD 2010 will see more countries report their project research findings and implement these findings in the near future.The GBD 2010 provides researchers,administrators and policymakers with new and critical sources for their research,teaching and policymaking.展开更多
Prolonged exposure to coal dust may lead to various lung diseases, especially coal workers’ pneumoconiosis(CWP)[1]. Developed countries such as the United States experienced a resurgence of pneumoconiosis in the earl...Prolonged exposure to coal dust may lead to various lung diseases, especially coal workers’ pneumoconiosis(CWP)[1]. Developed countries such as the United States experienced a resurgence of pneumoconiosis in the early 20t h century[2], and this phenomenon has become even more critical in developing countries[3]such as China and India.展开更多
Objective To investigate the role of myelin protein zero (P 0) in 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD)-induced peripheral nerve injury,and the protective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (Egb761) on 2,5-HD-induced toxic peripheral...Objective To investigate the role of myelin protein zero (P 0) in 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD)-induced peripheral nerve injury,and the protective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (Egb761) on 2,5-HD-induced toxic peripheral neuropathy.Methods After 4 weeks of treatment with 2,5-HD at different doses (50,100,200,400 mg/kg) in rats,changes in the levels of P 0 in rat sciatic nerves was investigated,and the effect of Egb761 on 2,5-HD-induced toxic peripheral neuropathy was studied.Results The blood-nerve barrier (BNB) permeability of the sciatic nerve increased,and the expression of P 0 mRNA and P 0 protein decreased in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with 2,5-HD for 4 weeks.Pretreatment with Egb761 protected against BNB interruption,and inhibited P 0 mRNA and protein reduction during 2,5-HD treatment.Pretreatment with Egb761 significantly reduced loss of body weight (P<0.01) and mitigated gait abnormalities (2.85±0.22) induced by 400 mg/kg 2,5-HD (P<0.01).It also reduced the signs of neurotoxicity induced by 2,5-HD.Conclusion 2,5-HD inhibited the expression of P 0 in a dose-dependent manner,and this may be an important mechanism by which toxic peripheral neuropathy is induced by 2,5-HD.Egb761 has a protective effect against 2,5-HD-induced peripheral neurotoxicity in rats.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Poisoning constitutes a significant cause of mortality among individuals aged 1 to 44 in China.Nonetheless,the epidemiological understanding of poisoning incidents within...Summary What is already known about this topic?Poisoning constitutes a significant cause of mortality among individuals aged 1 to 44 in China.Nonetheless,the epidemiological understanding of poisoning incidents within emergency departments remains fragmented across the region.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Lung cancer has a high mortality,resulting in a severe disease burden.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are definitive carcinogen to human,and occupational exposure t...Summary What is already known about this topic?Lung cancer has a high mortality,resulting in a severe disease burden.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are definitive carcinogen to human,and occupational exposure to PAHs is associated with lung cancer.What is added by this report?We analyzed the cancer cases from cohort studies on various PAHs exposed workers in China and other countries,calculated the quantitative risk of lung cancer based on meta-analyses,and confirmed the increased risk from lung cancer in selected PAHs exposed occupations.What are the implications for public health practices?There is a clear need to prevent lung cancer on a wide range of PAHs-related occupations in China and around the world.It is crucial to establish guidelines for improving the monitoring on exposure and health promotion in related working environments.展开更多
<strong>Objective:</strong> To assess the association between circulating C-reactive protein (CRP), and CRP polymorphisms in the diesel engine exhaust (DEE)-exposed workers. <strong>Methods:</stro...<strong>Objective:</strong> To assess the association between circulating C-reactive protein (CRP), and CRP polymorphisms in the diesel engine exhaust (DEE)-exposed workers. <strong>Methods:</strong> In 137 DEE-exposed workers and 127 unexposed comparable control workers, six urinary mono-hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) and serum CRP levels were assayed. Genotyping of four CRP single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was measured. <strong>Results: </strong>Serum CRP levels increased in exposed versus control workers (all p < 0.001). In the DEE-exposed workers, two CRP polymorphisms were associated with serum CRP levels, the subjects of rs1205 TT genotype had lower serum CRP levels (p < 0.05 compared to TC or CC). <strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in CRP and circulating CRP involved in the inflammatory process may play significant roles in human sensitivity to lung function injury caused by DEE exposure. This study will help investigate the underlying mechanisms of adverse respiratory effects induced by DEE.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Pneumoconiosis,recognized as one of the most detrimental occupational diseases in China,exhibits a multimorbidity profile due to a plethora of comorbidities and complicat...Summary What is already known about this topic?Pneumoconiosis,recognized as one of the most detrimental occupational diseases in China,exhibits a multimorbidity profile due to a plethora of comorbidities and complications.These factors significantly influence the treatment outcomes,progression,prognosis,and overall quality of life of the afflicted patients.展开更多
Background:Patients with pneumoconiosis have an elevated risk of contracting pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)and need particular attention.However,extensive population-based studies on the prevalence of PTB in patients wit...Background:Patients with pneumoconiosis have an elevated risk of contracting pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)and need particular attention.However,extensive population-based studies on the prevalence of PTB in patients with pneumoconiosis have not been reported in China since 1992.This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of PTB in patients with pneumoconiosis based on its social determinants and risk factors in China.Methods:Based on the Commission on Social Determinants of Health(CSDH)framework,data were obtained from a questionnaire survey of patients with pneumoconiosis from China’s 27 provinces(autonomous regions,municipalities)from December 2017 to June 2021.By chi-square and multivariate logistic regression analyses,the epidemiological characteristics of PTB in the patients were identified based on its prevalence and odds ratio(OR)and associated social determinants and risk factors.The population attributable fractions(PAFs)of significant risk factors were also calculated.Results:The prevalence of PTB in patients with pneumoconiosis(n=10,137)was 7.5%(95%confidence interval[CI]:7.0-8.0%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors included in-hospital exposure to patients with PTB(OR=3.30,95%CI:2.77-3.93),clinically diagnosed cases(OR=3.25,95%CI:2.42-4.34),and northeastern regions(OR=2.41,95%CI:1.76-3.31).In addition,lack of work-related injury insurance(WRII),being born in a rural area,being unemployed,living in western regions,household exposure to patients with PTB,smoking,being underweight,complications of pulmonary bullae or pneumothorax,hospitalization history,and former drinkers among the rural patients were also statistically significant risk factors.Being born in a rural area,lack of WRII and in-hospital exposure to patients with PTB had higher PAFs,which were 13.2%(95%CI:7.9-18.5%),12.5%(95%CI:8.3-16.7%),and 11.6%(95%CI:8.8-14.3%),respectively.Conclusion:The prevalence of PTB in pneumoconiosis remains high in China;it is basically in line with the CSDH models and has its characteristics.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Though coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has largely been controlled in China,several outbreaks of COVID-19 have occurred from importation of cases or of suspected virus-...Summary What is already known about this topic?Though coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has largely been controlled in China,several outbreaks of COVID-19 have occurred from importation of cases or of suspected virus-contaminated products.Though several outbreaks have been traced to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)isolated on the outer packaging of cold chain products,live virus has not been obtained.展开更多
What is already known on this topic?Poisoning incidents caused by bongkrekic acid(BA),one of the metabolites of Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans(B.cocovenenans),have been reported in Indonesia,Mozambique,an...What is already known on this topic?Poisoning incidents caused by bongkrekic acid(BA),one of the metabolites of Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans(B.cocovenenans),have been reported in Indonesia,Mozambique,and China.The reported case fatality rates averaged 60%,32%,and 26.5%,respectively.In China,B.cocovenenans is often called Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp.farinofermentans.What is added by this report?In October 2020,9 persons in Jidong County,Heilongjiang Province died after consuming a homemade fermented corn flour product—sour soup—with a case fatality rate of 100%.BA was detected in both food samples and biological samples with a content of 330 mg/kg and 3 mg/L,respectively.The doses of BA consumed by the cases were approximately 22-33 times the lethal dose in human.What are the implications for public health practice?The consumption of fermented corn flour products,deteriorated fresh tremella,or black fungus and metamorphic starch products may cause BA poisoning.Health education should be strengthened so that homemade-starch-fermented food should be avoided and foods that have been kept for a long time should not be consumed.Meanwhile,training and emergency capacity building for primary healthcare workers should be strengthened to provide timely diagnosis and response.展开更多
Summary What is already known on this topic?Starting in the early 1950s,the main industries in China associated with chronic benzene poisoning(CBP)included painting,pharmaceuticals,and shoemaking.However,because of ra...Summary What is already known on this topic?Starting in the early 1950s,the main industries in China associated with chronic benzene poisoning(CBP)included painting,pharmaceuticals,and shoemaking.However,because of rapid socioeconomic development,the distribution of industries associated with CBP likely changed.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Benzene is classified as a Class I human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.Long-term exposure to benzene increases the risk of chronic benzene...Summary What is already known about this topic?Benzene is classified as a Class I human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.Long-term exposure to benzene increases the risk of chronic benzene poisoning and leukemia.However,benzene is still widely used in the manufacturing industry.What is added by this report?展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?Coke oven emissions are a complex mixture of particulate matter and gases,some with carcinogenicity,released during coke production.Lung cancer caused by coke oven emissi...Summary What is already known about this topic?Coke oven emissions are a complex mixture of particulate matter and gases,some with carcinogenicity,released during coke production.Lung cancer caused by coke oven emissions has been listed as a statutory occupational cancer in China and many countries.What is added by this report?In this study,coke oven emissions-induced lung cancer was mainly found in the manufacturing industries.Coke oven workers exposed to higher levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different workplaces had a high risk of occupational lung cancer.What are the implications for public health practice?It is necessary to take efforts to greatly reduce emissions from coke production and effectively monitor the health of workers.展开更多
What is already known about this topic?Benzene is harmful to the hematopoietic system and can cause leukemia.However,benzene is still being used in various industries including furniture,rubber,plastic products,and me...What is already known about this topic?Benzene is harmful to the hematopoietic system and can cause leukemia.However,benzene is still being used in various industries including furniture,rubber,plastic products,and metal product manufacturing.What is added by this report?The white blood cell count of workers in general equipment,special equipment,chemical raw materials,and chemical products manufacturing decreased significantly.The enterprises in which benzene concentration exceeded the occupational exposure limit were small enterprises and private enterprises.What are the implications for public health practice?Regular health examinations are necessary for benzeneexposed workers.In addition,the monitoring of benzene concentration in small enterprises and private enterprises should be strengthened.展开更多
Summary What is already known about this topic?In the 1980s.benzene-induced leukemia(BIL)mainly occurred in shoemaking and painting industries.Now the industry distribution of benzene-induced leukemia may have changed...Summary What is already known about this topic?In the 1980s.benzene-induced leukemia(BIL)mainly occurred in shoemaking and painting industries.Now the industry distribution of benzene-induced leukemia may have changed over time.What is added by this report?BlL cases mainly occurred in the manufacturing industry from 2005-2019,especially in private enterprises and small/medium-sized enterprises.The industry with the largest number of new cases of BIL was the general and special equipment manufacturing.The number of leukemia cases in emerging industries such as computer/electronic product manufacturing was found to be increasing.What are the implications for public health practice?Strengthening supervision and regulation of manufacturing,especially of small/medium-sized enterprises and emerging manufacturing industry,may be effective in reducing BIL.展开更多
基金supported by National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Chemical Poisoning Treatment base and Health Emergency Team Operation[131031109000160007]
文摘Objective This study aimed to determine the spatiotemporal distribution and epidemiological characteristics of hospital admissions for carbon monoxide poisoning(COP)in Guangdong,China,from 2013 to 2020.Methods Data on age-and sex-specific numbers of hospital admissions due to COP in Guangdong(2013-2020)were collected.Daily temperatures were downloaded through the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System.We analyzed temporal trends through time series decomposition and used spatial autocorrelation analysis to detect spatial clustering.The distributed lag nonlinear model was used to quantify the effects of temperature.Results There were 48,854 COP admissions over the study period.The sex ratio(male to female)was1:1.74.The concentration ratios(M)ranged from 0.73-0.82.The highest risk occurred in January(season index=3.59).Most cases were concentrated in the northern mountainous areas of Guangdong with high-high clustering.COP in the study region showed significant spatial autocorrelation,and the global Moran’s I value of average annual hospital admission rates for COP was 0.447(P<0.05).Low temperatures were associated with high hospital admission rates for COP,with a lag lasting 7 days.With a lag of 0 days,the effects of low temperatures[5th(12℃)]on COP were 2.24-3.81,as compared with the reference temperature[median(24℃)].Conclusion COP in Guangdong province showed significant temporal and spatial heterogeneity.Low temperature was associated with a high risk of COP,and the influence had a lag lasting 7 days.
文摘Objective This study analyzed patterns of suicide and suicide attempts by poisoning as reported through a national poison control system for the purpose of improving intervention and prevention. Methods During the period of 2000 to 2006, 6440 cases of poisoning suicide were reported to the telephone consultation service system of The National Center for Poisoning Control (Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention). Among these records, 4728 cases had completed data for this analysis in terms of age, sex, trend of time and location, and type of poisons. Results There were 60.6% female cases with the age from 10 to 90 years old. The age of cases from 20 to 39 years accounted for 54.5% of all age groups. Both the numbers and percentage in record related to poisoning consultation of oral poisoning suicide showed an increasing tendency during the 7 years. In particular, there was a drastic increase from 2004 to 2006. In addition, the high frequency of cases occurred from May to October. Hebei, Shandong, Henan, and Anhui Provinces had the highest number of cases. Pesticide poisonings were the most common method in these cases of consultation for suicide and suicide attempts. Conclusion This study describes epidemiological characteristics in the oral poisoning suicide cases and provides scientific basis for suicide prevention interventions.
文摘Results of the Global Burden of Disease,Injury and Risk Factor Study 2010(GBD 2010)were released on December 13,2012 in London,a series of papers concerning the project have been published in the Lancet[1].Research findings of the project have been reported in the United States,the United Kingdom,Indonesia,China[2]and Australia,and widely applied across the world.In addition,the GBD 2010 will see more countries report their project research findings and implement these findings in the near future.The GBD 2010 provides researchers,administrators and policymakers with new and critical sources for their research,teaching and policymaking.
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFM)[no. 2016-12M-3-001]the China Medical Board “Strengthen Capacity of Study and Application on Burden of Disease in Health Care System of China–Establishment and Development of Chinese Burden of Disease Research and Dissemination Center”[no. 15-208]。
文摘Prolonged exposure to coal dust may lead to various lung diseases, especially coal workers’ pneumoconiosis(CWP)[1]. Developed countries such as the United States experienced a resurgence of pneumoconiosis in the early 20t h century[2], and this phenomenon has become even more critical in developing countries[3]such as China and India.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No.30700674 and No.30625031)the Project for Technologies of Occupational Health Surveillance and Detection (200902006)the Youth Fund of Chinese Center of Disease Control (2010A204)
文摘Objective To investigate the role of myelin protein zero (P 0) in 2,5-hexanedione (2,5-HD)-induced peripheral nerve injury,and the protective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (Egb761) on 2,5-HD-induced toxic peripheral neuropathy.Methods After 4 weeks of treatment with 2,5-HD at different doses (50,100,200,400 mg/kg) in rats,changes in the levels of P 0 in rat sciatic nerves was investigated,and the effect of Egb761 on 2,5-HD-induced toxic peripheral neuropathy was studied.Results The blood-nerve barrier (BNB) permeability of the sciatic nerve increased,and the expression of P 0 mRNA and P 0 protein decreased in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with 2,5-HD for 4 weeks.Pretreatment with Egb761 protected against BNB interruption,and inhibited P 0 mRNA and protein reduction during 2,5-HD treatment.Pretreatment with Egb761 significantly reduced loss of body weight (P<0.01) and mitigated gait abnormalities (2.85±0.22) induced by 400 mg/kg 2,5-HD (P<0.01).It also reduced the signs of neurotoxicity induced by 2,5-HD.Conclusion 2,5-HD inhibited the expression of P 0 in a dose-dependent manner,and this may be an important mechanism by which toxic peripheral neuropathy is induced by 2,5-HD.Egb761 has a protective effect against 2,5-HD-induced peripheral neurotoxicity in rats.
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Poisoning constitutes a significant cause of mortality among individuals aged 1 to 44 in China.Nonetheless,the epidemiological understanding of poisoning incidents within emergency departments remains fragmented across the region.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81971416,82073525)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7214279).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Lung cancer has a high mortality,resulting in a severe disease burden.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are definitive carcinogen to human,and occupational exposure to PAHs is associated with lung cancer.What is added by this report?We analyzed the cancer cases from cohort studies on various PAHs exposed workers in China and other countries,calculated the quantitative risk of lung cancer based on meta-analyses,and confirmed the increased risk from lung cancer in selected PAHs exposed occupations.What are the implications for public health practices?There is a clear need to prevent lung cancer on a wide range of PAHs-related occupations in China and around the world.It is crucial to establish guidelines for improving the monitoring on exposure and health promotion in related working environments.
文摘<strong>Objective:</strong> To assess the association between circulating C-reactive protein (CRP), and CRP polymorphisms in the diesel engine exhaust (DEE)-exposed workers. <strong>Methods:</strong> In 137 DEE-exposed workers and 127 unexposed comparable control workers, six urinary mono-hydroxylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) and serum CRP levels were assayed. Genotyping of four CRP single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was measured. <strong>Results: </strong>Serum CRP levels increased in exposed versus control workers (all p < 0.001). In the DEE-exposed workers, two CRP polymorphisms were associated with serum CRP levels, the subjects of rs1205 TT genotype had lower serum CRP levels (p < 0.05 compared to TC or CC). <strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that polymorphisms in CRP and circulating CRP involved in the inflammatory process may play significant roles in human sensitivity to lung function injury caused by DEE exposure. This study will help investigate the underlying mechanisms of adverse respiratory effects induced by DEE.
基金National Key Research&Development Program of China(No.2021 YFC2500700).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Pneumoconiosis,recognized as one of the most detrimental occupational diseases in China,exhibits a multimorbidity profile due to a plethora of comorbidities and complications.These factors significantly influence the treatment outcomes,progression,prognosis,and overall quality of life of the afflicted patients.
基金Advisory Research Project of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 2019(No.2019-XZ-70)National Key Research&Development Program of China(No.2021 YFC2500700)。
文摘Background:Patients with pneumoconiosis have an elevated risk of contracting pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB)and need particular attention.However,extensive population-based studies on the prevalence of PTB in patients with pneumoconiosis have not been reported in China since 1992.This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of PTB in patients with pneumoconiosis based on its social determinants and risk factors in China.Methods:Based on the Commission on Social Determinants of Health(CSDH)framework,data were obtained from a questionnaire survey of patients with pneumoconiosis from China’s 27 provinces(autonomous regions,municipalities)from December 2017 to June 2021.By chi-square and multivariate logistic regression analyses,the epidemiological characteristics of PTB in the patients were identified based on its prevalence and odds ratio(OR)and associated social determinants and risk factors.The population attributable fractions(PAFs)of significant risk factors were also calculated.Results:The prevalence of PTB in patients with pneumoconiosis(n=10,137)was 7.5%(95%confidence interval[CI]:7.0-8.0%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors included in-hospital exposure to patients with PTB(OR=3.30,95%CI:2.77-3.93),clinically diagnosed cases(OR=3.25,95%CI:2.42-4.34),and northeastern regions(OR=2.41,95%CI:1.76-3.31).In addition,lack of work-related injury insurance(WRII),being born in a rural area,being unemployed,living in western regions,household exposure to patients with PTB,smoking,being underweight,complications of pulmonary bullae or pneumothorax,hospitalization history,and former drinkers among the rural patients were also statistically significant risk factors.Being born in a rural area,lack of WRII and in-hospital exposure to patients with PTB had higher PAFs,which were 13.2%(95%CI:7.9-18.5%),12.5%(95%CI:8.3-16.7%),and 11.6%(95%CI:8.8-14.3%),respectively.Conclusion:The prevalence of PTB in pneumoconiosis remains high in China;it is basically in line with the CSDH models and has its characteristics.
基金The SARS-CoV-2 emergency special project of the Chinese Government and National Key Research and Development Project(Project No.2021YFC0863000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72042012)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(Project No.2017ZX10104001,2018ZX10713002,2018ZX10713001-003,and 2018ZX10711001).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Though coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has largely been controlled in China,several outbreaks of COVID-19 have occurred from importation of cases or of suspected virus-contaminated products.Though several outbreaks have been traced to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)isolated on the outer packaging of cold chain products,live virus has not been obtained.
文摘What is already known on this topic?Poisoning incidents caused by bongkrekic acid(BA),one of the metabolites of Burkholderia gladioli pathovar cocovenenans(B.cocovenenans),have been reported in Indonesia,Mozambique,and China.The reported case fatality rates averaged 60%,32%,and 26.5%,respectively.In China,B.cocovenenans is often called Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp.farinofermentans.What is added by this report?In October 2020,9 persons in Jidong County,Heilongjiang Province died after consuming a homemade fermented corn flour product—sour soup—with a case fatality rate of 100%.BA was detected in both food samples and biological samples with a content of 330 mg/kg and 3 mg/L,respectively.The doses of BA consumed by the cases were approximately 22-33 times the lethal dose in human.What are the implications for public health practice?The consumption of fermented corn flour products,deteriorated fresh tremella,or black fungus and metamorphic starch products may cause BA poisoning.Health education should be strengthened so that homemade-starch-fermented food should be avoided and foods that have been kept for a long time should not be consumed.Meanwhile,training and emergency capacity building for primary healthcare workers should be strengthened to provide timely diagnosis and response.
基金by the Project of Occupational Health Risk Assessment and National Occupational Health Standard Formulation of National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control(Project No.:131031109000150003).
文摘Summary What is already known on this topic?Starting in the early 1950s,the main industries in China associated with chronic benzene poisoning(CBP)included painting,pharmaceuticals,and shoemaking.However,because of rapid socioeconomic development,the distribution of industries associated with CBP likely changed.
基金The study was funded by the Project of Occupational Health Risk Assessment and National Occupational Health Standard Formulation of the National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control(Project No.:131031109000150003).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Benzene is classified as a Class I human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.Long-term exposure to benzene increases the risk of chronic benzene poisoning and leukemia.However,benzene is still widely used in the manufacturing industry.What is added by this report?
基金the Project of Occupational Health Risk Assessment and National Occupational Health Standard Formulation of National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control(Project No.:131031109000150003).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?Coke oven emissions are a complex mixture of particulate matter and gases,some with carcinogenicity,released during coke production.Lung cancer caused by coke oven emissions has been listed as a statutory occupational cancer in China and many countries.What is added by this report?In this study,coke oven emissions-induced lung cancer was mainly found in the manufacturing industries.Coke oven workers exposed to higher levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in different workplaces had a high risk of occupational lung cancer.What are the implications for public health practice?It is necessary to take efforts to greatly reduce emissions from coke production and effectively monitor the health of workers.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2503203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No:82070116).
文摘What is already known about this topic?Benzene is harmful to the hematopoietic system and can cause leukemia.However,benzene is still being used in various industries including furniture,rubber,plastic products,and metal product manufacturing.What is added by this report?The white blood cell count of workers in general equipment,special equipment,chemical raw materials,and chemical products manufacturing decreased significantly.The enterprises in which benzene concentration exceeded the occupational exposure limit were small enterprises and private enterprises.What are the implications for public health practice?Regular health examinations are necessary for benzeneexposed workers.In addition,the monitoring of benzene concentration in small enterprises and private enterprises should be strengthened.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No:82070116).
文摘Summary What is already known about this topic?In the 1980s.benzene-induced leukemia(BIL)mainly occurred in shoemaking and painting industries.Now the industry distribution of benzene-induced leukemia may have changed over time.What is added by this report?BlL cases mainly occurred in the manufacturing industry from 2005-2019,especially in private enterprises and small/medium-sized enterprises.The industry with the largest number of new cases of BIL was the general and special equipment manufacturing.The number of leukemia cases in emerging industries such as computer/electronic product manufacturing was found to be increasing.What are the implications for public health practice?Strengthening supervision and regulation of manufacturing,especially of small/medium-sized enterprises and emerging manufacturing industry,may be effective in reducing BIL.
