Vulnerable patients bear an excessive burden of infectious diseases,as manifest during the COVID-19 pandemic,in which unvaccinated pa-tients with active cancer,irrespective of the body site,had more se-vere outcomes d...Vulnerable patients bear an excessive burden of infectious diseases,as manifest during the COVID-19 pandemic,in which unvaccinated pa-tients with active cancer,irrespective of the body site,had more se-vere outcomes due to COVID-19(odds ratio[OR],1.46).1 This vulner-ability may equally occur in cancer survivors:survivors of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)are at increased risk of infectious diseases.2 Compared with other cancer survivors,humoral immune deficiency is 17.6-fold higher in patients who have recovered from DLBCL.2 Simi-larly,children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia(ALL)show waning immunity to vaccine-preventable childhood diseases compared with heathy controls(P<0.001),despite being fully immunized prior to diagnosis of ALL.展开更多
目的比较经侧裂岛叶与颞叶皮质入路早期手术治疗基底节区高血压脑出血患者的效果。方法选择手术治疗的基底节区高血压脑出血患者128例,按照手术方式的不同分为对照组和观察组,各64例。所有患者从发病至手术时间小于6 h,对照组行传统经...目的比较经侧裂岛叶与颞叶皮质入路早期手术治疗基底节区高血压脑出血患者的效果。方法选择手术治疗的基底节区高血压脑出血患者128例,按照手术方式的不同分为对照组和观察组,各64例。所有患者从发病至手术时间小于6 h,对照组行传统经颞叶皮质层入路手术,观察组行经侧裂岛叶入路显微手术,比较2组患者的围术期情况、血肿清除率、术后并发症发生率,并随访6个月比较2组患者的恢复情况。结果观察组患者的手术时间、意识恢复时间均明显少于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者的血肿清除率、术后7 d GCS评分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者的术后并发症发生率为7.81%,明显低于对照组的20.31%(P<0.05)。术后6个月随访,观察组患者的预后优良率为75.00%,明显高于对照组的46.88%(P<0.05)。结论与经颞叶皮质入路早期手术治疗基底节区高血压脑出血相比,经侧裂岛叶入路手术血肿清除率高,术后并发症少,患者术后恢复效果佳,安全性高,具有临床推广价值。展开更多
Neuroplasticity is a condition that is present from birth, being found in the central and peripheral nervous system, in both physiological and pathological terms. Based on the findings, therapeutic and non-therapeutic...Neuroplasticity is a condition that is present from birth, being found in the central and peripheral nervous system, in both physiological and pathological terms. Based on the findings, therapeutic and non-therapeutic attempts were tested on spinal cord trauma to recover locomotor function below the level of the injury. The work defined and showed other forms of the term neuroplasticity, talk about some pathological and non-pathological conditions, and, finally, show neuroplasticity and some of its treatments in the spinal cord injury process. A narrative literature review from 2000 to 2020 of the PubMed platform was conducted and analysis of two books for the elaboration of this <span>work. Animal/human studies were included that addressed pathologies,</span> forms of treatment for spinal trauma, and qualis from B1 to A1. Pre-2000 articles, which addressed neuroplasticity only to understand the molecular mechanisms and articles that were not in English, were excluded. As a result, the main molecules and structures that inhibit neuroplasticity were found, and, based on their knowledge, forms of treatments were developed to inhibit these molecules and structures to assist in neuroplasticity and assist in possible functional recovery. It can be concluded that the physiological barriers are already being overcome by the most recent forms of treatment and that soon new studies may propose a form of treatment that is protocoled for all patients.展开更多
Introduction: Stroke is the second major cause of mortality worldwide and in several cases, and it may lead to disability. Factor V Leiden is a common genetic thrombophilia, which causes activated protein C (APC) resi...Introduction: Stroke is the second major cause of mortality worldwide and in several cases, and it may lead to disability. Factor V Leiden is a common genetic thrombophilia, which causes activated protein C (APC) resistance. Hyperhomocysteinemia and factor V Leiden deficiency, two independent coagulopathy factors, can lead to venous and arterial infarctions in multiple small and large arteries and veins anywhere in the body. Case Report: Here, we report a unique case in which both hyperhomocysteinemia and factor V Leiden deficiency are documented together with MTHFR (C677T) (Methylene Tetra Hydro Folate Reductase) gene polymorphism and activated protein C resistance respectively. Conclusion: More interestingly, the mode of presentation in this case highly resembled that of progressive multiple sclerosis;all signs and symptoms slowly progressed without any systemic signs at first few years. Further studies needed to assess current outcomes.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> The diverse modes in geographical locations, environmental factors, genetic and racial characteristics play a complex role in determining the pattern of neurological disorders ...<strong>Background:</strong> The diverse modes in geographical locations, environmental factors, genetic and racial characteristics play a complex role in determining the pattern of neurological disorders worldwide. Determining the pattern of neurological disorders enables health policymakers to plan evidently for service, training, and research priorities. Few prevalence studies in neurology were conducted in Sudan. <strong>Methods:</strong> This is a retrospective hospital-based study that reviewed the medical records of patients who attended a Dedicated Neurology Clinic (DNC) in Omdurman, the national Capital of Sudan, for 24 months, from January 2016 to January 2018. This study aimed to determine the DNC pattern of neurological disorders as a representative subset prevalence in Sudan. Neurologists conducted the medical workup for diagnosis after at least two visits. All patients have ethically consented. <strong>Results: </strong>The total number of patients was 1050. Only 749 patients (71.3%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 46.5 ± 1.9, and males were 45.3%. 72% were from the Capital. The presenting symptoms were headache (16.6%), seizures (11.5%), limbs weakness (11.2%), and lower percentages for other neurological symptoms. The commonest diagnoses were Stroke 12.4%, Epilepsy 9.3%, Primary Headache 8.8%, Movement Disorders 7.3%, Peripheral Neuropathy 6%, Dementia 4% Neuroinfections 1.4%, Demyelinating Disorders 2.6%, Spinal Spondylotic Radiculopathy 2.6% and 1.7% for Cerebral Venous Thrombosis. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The data from Sudan-DNC showed that the most common neurological disorders descendingly were Stroke, Epilepsy, Headache, Movement Disorders, Peripheral Neuropathy, Dementia, Infections, Demyelinating Disorders, Spinal Spondylotic Radiculopathy, and Cerebral Venous Thrombosis. The demyelinating disorders and peripheral neuropathy showed a higher percentage than our previous preliminary prevalence study in 2012 compared to the other conditions, which showed similar rates in that study.展开更多
文摘Vulnerable patients bear an excessive burden of infectious diseases,as manifest during the COVID-19 pandemic,in which unvaccinated pa-tients with active cancer,irrespective of the body site,had more se-vere outcomes due to COVID-19(odds ratio[OR],1.46).1 This vulner-ability may equally occur in cancer survivors:survivors of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL)are at increased risk of infectious diseases.2 Compared with other cancer survivors,humoral immune deficiency is 17.6-fold higher in patients who have recovered from DLBCL.2 Simi-larly,children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia(ALL)show waning immunity to vaccine-preventable childhood diseases compared with heathy controls(P<0.001),despite being fully immunized prior to diagnosis of ALL.
文摘目的比较经侧裂岛叶与颞叶皮质入路早期手术治疗基底节区高血压脑出血患者的效果。方法选择手术治疗的基底节区高血压脑出血患者128例,按照手术方式的不同分为对照组和观察组,各64例。所有患者从发病至手术时间小于6 h,对照组行传统经颞叶皮质层入路手术,观察组行经侧裂岛叶入路显微手术,比较2组患者的围术期情况、血肿清除率、术后并发症发生率,并随访6个月比较2组患者的恢复情况。结果观察组患者的手术时间、意识恢复时间均明显少于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者的血肿清除率、术后7 d GCS评分均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者的术后并发症发生率为7.81%,明显低于对照组的20.31%(P<0.05)。术后6个月随访,观察组患者的预后优良率为75.00%,明显高于对照组的46.88%(P<0.05)。结论与经颞叶皮质入路早期手术治疗基底节区高血压脑出血相比,经侧裂岛叶入路手术血肿清除率高,术后并发症少,患者术后恢复效果佳,安全性高,具有临床推广价值。
文摘Neuroplasticity is a condition that is present from birth, being found in the central and peripheral nervous system, in both physiological and pathological terms. Based on the findings, therapeutic and non-therapeutic attempts were tested on spinal cord trauma to recover locomotor function below the level of the injury. The work defined and showed other forms of the term neuroplasticity, talk about some pathological and non-pathological conditions, and, finally, show neuroplasticity and some of its treatments in the spinal cord injury process. A narrative literature review from 2000 to 2020 of the PubMed platform was conducted and analysis of two books for the elaboration of this <span>work. Animal/human studies were included that addressed pathologies,</span> forms of treatment for spinal trauma, and qualis from B1 to A1. Pre-2000 articles, which addressed neuroplasticity only to understand the molecular mechanisms and articles that were not in English, were excluded. As a result, the main molecules and structures that inhibit neuroplasticity were found, and, based on their knowledge, forms of treatments were developed to inhibit these molecules and structures to assist in neuroplasticity and assist in possible functional recovery. It can be concluded that the physiological barriers are already being overcome by the most recent forms of treatment and that soon new studies may propose a form of treatment that is protocoled for all patients.
文摘Introduction: Stroke is the second major cause of mortality worldwide and in several cases, and it may lead to disability. Factor V Leiden is a common genetic thrombophilia, which causes activated protein C (APC) resistance. Hyperhomocysteinemia and factor V Leiden deficiency, two independent coagulopathy factors, can lead to venous and arterial infarctions in multiple small and large arteries and veins anywhere in the body. Case Report: Here, we report a unique case in which both hyperhomocysteinemia and factor V Leiden deficiency are documented together with MTHFR (C677T) (Methylene Tetra Hydro Folate Reductase) gene polymorphism and activated protein C resistance respectively. Conclusion: More interestingly, the mode of presentation in this case highly resembled that of progressive multiple sclerosis;all signs and symptoms slowly progressed without any systemic signs at first few years. Further studies needed to assess current outcomes.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> The diverse modes in geographical locations, environmental factors, genetic and racial characteristics play a complex role in determining the pattern of neurological disorders worldwide. Determining the pattern of neurological disorders enables health policymakers to plan evidently for service, training, and research priorities. Few prevalence studies in neurology were conducted in Sudan. <strong>Methods:</strong> This is a retrospective hospital-based study that reviewed the medical records of patients who attended a Dedicated Neurology Clinic (DNC) in Omdurman, the national Capital of Sudan, for 24 months, from January 2016 to January 2018. This study aimed to determine the DNC pattern of neurological disorders as a representative subset prevalence in Sudan. Neurologists conducted the medical workup for diagnosis after at least two visits. All patients have ethically consented. <strong>Results: </strong>The total number of patients was 1050. Only 749 patients (71.3%) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 46.5 ± 1.9, and males were 45.3%. 72% were from the Capital. The presenting symptoms were headache (16.6%), seizures (11.5%), limbs weakness (11.2%), and lower percentages for other neurological symptoms. The commonest diagnoses were Stroke 12.4%, Epilepsy 9.3%, Primary Headache 8.8%, Movement Disorders 7.3%, Peripheral Neuropathy 6%, Dementia 4% Neuroinfections 1.4%, Demyelinating Disorders 2.6%, Spinal Spondylotic Radiculopathy 2.6% and 1.7% for Cerebral Venous Thrombosis. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The data from Sudan-DNC showed that the most common neurological disorders descendingly were Stroke, Epilepsy, Headache, Movement Disorders, Peripheral Neuropathy, Dementia, Infections, Demyelinating Disorders, Spinal Spondylotic Radiculopathy, and Cerebral Venous Thrombosis. The demyelinating disorders and peripheral neuropathy showed a higher percentage than our previous preliminary prevalence study in 2012 compared to the other conditions, which showed similar rates in that study.
