Fermentation substrates of rice with different milling degrees(MDs) were prepared and fermented with human feces to compare their fermentation properties and effects on gut microbiota.MD 0s,MD 5s and MD 60s represente...Fermentation substrates of rice with different milling degrees(MDs) were prepared and fermented with human feces to compare their fermentation properties and effects on gut microbiota.MD 0s,MD 5s and MD 60s represented brown rice,moderately-milled rice and white rice,respectively.After in vitro fermentation,the MD 5s group showed higher starch utilization,compared with the MD 0s and 60s groups evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,and confocal laser scanning microscope.Effects of fermentation substrates of rice with different MDs on gut microbiota were evaluated by 16S rDNA sequencing.All the sample groups reduced the pH and produced short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) and branched-chain fatty acids.The MD 5s group exhibited higher α-diversity than the MD 0s and 60s groups.Abundances of Phascolarctobacterium,Blautia and norank_f_Ruminococcaceae were higher in the MD 0s and 5s groups,compared with the MD 60s group.These bacteria were also positively correlated with the SCFAs production via Spearman correlation analysis.In vitro culture assay revealed that fermentation substrates of MD 0s and 5s promoted the growth of two probiotics(Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium adolescentis).Our results showed that moderate milling might be an appropriate way to produce rice products with richer nutrients and better fermentation properties.展开更多
It is extremely important to analyze the contaminative behaviors of Perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs) due to their serious threats to urban environments which are closely related to humans. Current study aimed to explore th...It is extremely important to analyze the contaminative behaviors of Perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs) due to their serious threats to urban environments which are closely related to humans. Current study aimed to explore the distribution, source apportionment and ecological risk assessment of PFAAs in surface water from Shijiazhuang, China. The concentrations of ΣPFAAs ranged from 19.5 to 125.9 ng/L in the investigation area. Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid(PFBS) and perfluoropentanoic acid(PFPeA) were the predominant contaminants(mean value: 14.3 ng/L and 16.6 ng/L, respectively). The distribution of PFAAs according to geospatial analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA) showed that higher levels of ΣPFAAs were detected in the southern surface water of Shijiazhuang and there was a stepwise decrease from the wet season to the dry season. Furthermore, based on source apportionment,the dominant potential sources were found to be wastewater treatment plant(WWTP) effluents and industrial discharge. The risk quotients(RQs) revealed low ecological risks of all PFAAs for aquatic organisms in Shijiazhuang surface water. Collectively, this study provided basic data for regulatory strategies for controlling PFAA pollutions in urban surface water.展开更多
Microporous organic polymers with high surface area are widely used in many applications.Among them,hypercrosslinked polymers have been extensively concerned because of their simple processes and low-cost reagents.How...Microporous organic polymers with high surface area are widely used in many applications.Among them,hypercrosslinked polymers have been extensively concerned because of their simple processes and low-cost reagents.However,due to most state-of-the-art strategies for HCPs based on condensation reactions,the release of small molecules such as hydrochloric acid and methanol involved in such strategies brings about new hazards to environment.Herein,we propose a method of fabrication of hypercrosslinked polymers via self-addition polymerization of divinyl benzene and its crosslinking with polar aromatic molecules.The hypercrosslinked polyDVB-based products are demonstrated by FriedelCrafts addition reaction of double bonds on DVB that can connect adjacent phenyl rings of aromatic molecules to form the crosslinked networks.The HCPDVB-CB obtained in 1-chlorobutane as solvent has a high micropore content and displays high surface area up to 931 m^(2)/g.Following this finding,DVB is used as a novel external crosslinker for knitting polar aromatic molecules.When L-phenylalanine and bisphenol A are used as the aromatic units,the obtained HCP(Phe-DVB)and HCP(BPA-DVB)could reach surface area of 612 and 471 m^(2)/g,and have hydrogen uptake of0.62 wt%and 0.58 wt%at 77 K and 1.13 bar by comparison with HCPDVB-CB having hydrogen uptake of 0.30 wt%,respectively.展开更多
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD^(+))is an enzyme cofactor,co-substrate,and redox factor in all living cells and is necessary for maintaining cell metabolism.It has been shown that appropriate supplementation of ...Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD^(+))is an enzyme cofactor,co-substrate,and redox factor in all living cells and is necessary for maintaining cell metabolism.It has been shown that appropriate supplementation of NAD^(+)precursors or inhibition of NAD^(+)-depleting enzymes can promote mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and improve host energy utilization efficiency.In addition,increasing evidence indicates that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in host metabolism.Theoretically,there should be a close correlation among NAD^(+),gut microbiota,and host metabolism;however,the information is limited.In this review,we summarize the metabolic process of NAD^(+)and its impact on host metabolism,the link between gut microbiota and host metabolism,as well as the potential effects of NAD^(+)on microbial metabolism,providing a new perspective on the interaction between gut microbiota and host metabolism.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32202051)the Shanghai Sailing Program (21YF1431800, 20YF1433400)+1 种基金Shanghai Agriculture Applied Technology Development Program, China (2021-02-08-0012-F00780 )the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFF1100104, 2023YFF1103404)。
文摘Fermentation substrates of rice with different milling degrees(MDs) were prepared and fermented with human feces to compare their fermentation properties and effects on gut microbiota.MD 0s,MD 5s and MD 60s represented brown rice,moderately-milled rice and white rice,respectively.After in vitro fermentation,the MD 5s group showed higher starch utilization,compared with the MD 0s and 60s groups evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer,and confocal laser scanning microscope.Effects of fermentation substrates of rice with different MDs on gut microbiota were evaluated by 16S rDNA sequencing.All the sample groups reduced the pH and produced short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) and branched-chain fatty acids.The MD 5s group exhibited higher α-diversity than the MD 0s and 60s groups.Abundances of Phascolarctobacterium,Blautia and norank_f_Ruminococcaceae were higher in the MD 0s and 5s groups,compared with the MD 60s group.These bacteria were also positively correlated with the SCFAs production via Spearman correlation analysis.In vitro culture assay revealed that fermentation substrates of MD 0s and 5s promoted the growth of two probiotics(Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium adolescentis).Our results showed that moderate milling might be an appropriate way to produce rice products with richer nutrients and better fermentation properties.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41907321, 21777182)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No. B2019208273)State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, RCEES, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KF2018-17)。
文摘It is extremely important to analyze the contaminative behaviors of Perfluoroalkyl acids(PFAAs) due to their serious threats to urban environments which are closely related to humans. Current study aimed to explore the distribution, source apportionment and ecological risk assessment of PFAAs in surface water from Shijiazhuang, China. The concentrations of ΣPFAAs ranged from 19.5 to 125.9 ng/L in the investigation area. Perfluorobutanesulfonic acid(PFBS) and perfluoropentanoic acid(PFPeA) were the predominant contaminants(mean value: 14.3 ng/L and 16.6 ng/L, respectively). The distribution of PFAAs according to geospatial analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis(HCA) showed that higher levels of ΣPFAAs were detected in the southern surface water of Shijiazhuang and there was a stepwise decrease from the wet season to the dry season. Furthermore, based on source apportionment,the dominant potential sources were found to be wastewater treatment plant(WWTP) effluents and industrial discharge. The risk quotients(RQs) revealed low ecological risks of all PFAAs for aquatic organisms in Shijiazhuang surface water. Collectively, this study provided basic data for regulatory strategies for controlling PFAA pollutions in urban surface water.
基金National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFC1600404)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2013BM011)+1 种基金supported by Open Projects Fund of Shandong Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology,Shandong University(No.2019CCG02)Shandong Key Laboratory of Fluorine Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Materials,and Science and Technology Bureau of Jinan(No.2021GXRC105)。
文摘Microporous organic polymers with high surface area are widely used in many applications.Among them,hypercrosslinked polymers have been extensively concerned because of their simple processes and low-cost reagents.However,due to most state-of-the-art strategies for HCPs based on condensation reactions,the release of small molecules such as hydrochloric acid and methanol involved in such strategies brings about new hazards to environment.Herein,we propose a method of fabrication of hypercrosslinked polymers via self-addition polymerization of divinyl benzene and its crosslinking with polar aromatic molecules.The hypercrosslinked polyDVB-based products are demonstrated by FriedelCrafts addition reaction of double bonds on DVB that can connect adjacent phenyl rings of aromatic molecules to form the crosslinked networks.The HCPDVB-CB obtained in 1-chlorobutane as solvent has a high micropore content and displays high surface area up to 931 m^(2)/g.Following this finding,DVB is used as a novel external crosslinker for knitting polar aromatic molecules.When L-phenylalanine and bisphenol A are used as the aromatic units,the obtained HCP(Phe-DVB)and HCP(BPA-DVB)could reach surface area of 612 and 471 m^(2)/g,and have hydrogen uptake of0.62 wt%and 0.58 wt%at 77 K and 1.13 bar by comparison with HCPDVB-CB having hydrogen uptake of 0.30 wt%,respectively.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872370)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(XDJK2019B014)the Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC(cstc2018jcyjAX0025).
文摘Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NAD^(+))is an enzyme cofactor,co-substrate,and redox factor in all living cells and is necessary for maintaining cell metabolism.It has been shown that appropriate supplementation of NAD^(+)precursors or inhibition of NAD^(+)-depleting enzymes can promote mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and improve host energy utilization efficiency.In addition,increasing evidence indicates that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in host metabolism.Theoretically,there should be a close correlation among NAD^(+),gut microbiota,and host metabolism;however,the information is limited.In this review,we summarize the metabolic process of NAD^(+)and its impact on host metabolism,the link between gut microbiota and host metabolism,as well as the potential effects of NAD^(+)on microbial metabolism,providing a new perspective on the interaction between gut microbiota and host metabolism.
