BACKGROUND: In the field of gene therapy, viral vectors as delivery tools have a number of disadvantages for medical application. This study aimed to explore a novel nonviral vector as a vehicle for gene therapy. METH...BACKGROUND: In the field of gene therapy, viral vectors as delivery tools have a number of disadvantages for medical application. This study aimed to explore a novel nonviral vector as a vehicle for gene therapy. METHODS: Transvector-rpE-MPP and EGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein) were used as the gene transfer carrier and the reporter gene, respectively. Polyplexes which integrate transvector-rpE-MPP, the object gene, and EGFP were formed. The optimal charge ratio, stability, and transduction capacity of the polyplexes in mouse hepatocytes in vitro and in mouse liver in vivo were investigated. The polyplexes of transvector-rpE-MPP and pcDNA(3)-EGFP, with charge ratios of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 1.5 were compared to determine the optimal charge ratio. RESULTS: Polyplexes with charge ratios of 1: 1 were most stable; pcDNA(3)-EGFP in these complexes resisted digestion by DNase I and blood plasma. On the other hand, pcDNA(3)-EGFP alone was digested. Fluorescence analysis indicated that transvector-rpE-MPP successfully delivered the reporter gene EGFP into hepatocytes and that EGFP expression was detected in hepatocyte cultures and in liver tissue. CONCLUSION: These results have laid a foundation for further study of a novel nonviral gene delivery system.展开更多
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of a plethora of autoantibodies and immune complex formation. Virtually every system and organ can be affected by ...Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of a plethora of autoantibodies and immune complex formation. Virtually every system and organ can be affected by SLE. Gastrointestinal symptoms are com-mon in SLE patients, and more than half of them are caused by adverse reactions to medications and viral or bacterial infections. Though not as common as lu-pus nephritis, SLE-related gastrointestinal involvement is clinically important because most cases can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. Lupus mesenteric vasculitis is the most common cause, followed by pro-tein-losing enteropathy, intestinal pseudo-obstruction, acute pancreatitis and other rare complications such as celiac disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, etc. No specific autoantibody is identified as being associated with SLE-related gastroenteropathy. Imaging studies, particularly abdominal computed tomography scans, are helpful in diagnosing some SLE-related gastroen-teropathies. Most of these complications have good therapeutic responses to corticosteroids and immu-nosuppressive agents. Supportive measures such as bowel rest, nutritional support, antibiotics and proki-netic medications are helpful in facilitating functional recovery and improving the outcome.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the impact of postoperative antiviral treatment on tumor recurrence and survival of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV) or hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection-related primary hepatocellular ca...AIM:To investigate the impact of postoperative antiviral treatment on tumor recurrence and survival of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV) or hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection-related primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) after curative therapy.METHODS:We performed a meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized control trials from electronic search and manual search.The fixed effect model of Mantel-Haenszel method and the random effect model of Der Simonian and Laird method were used for homogeneous and heterogeneous studies,respectively.Seven HCV-related studies,three HBV-related studies and three studies on HBV or HCV-related HCC were identified.RESULTS:A total of 1224 patients were included in this analysis.The estimated odds ratios(OR) for the 1-,2-,3-and 5-year recurrence were 0.54 [15.4% vs 24.1%,95% confidence interval(CI):0.32-0.89,P=0.02],0.42(36.9% vs 58.0%,95% CI:0.19-0.90,P=0.03),0.37(47.9% vs 63.8%,95% CI:0.19-0.71,P=0.003),and 0.32(66.7% vs 74.3%,95% CI:0.15-0.66,P=0.002),respectively;and the OR for the 1-,2-,3-,5-and 7-year mortality were 0.23(1.2% vs 9.1%,95% CI:0.07-0.71,P=0.01),0.31(6.4% vs 22.1%,95% CI:0.12-0.79,P=0.01),0.43(12.7% vs 20.8%,95% CI:0.21-0.89,P=0.02),0.42(25.1% vs 42.0%,95% CI:0.27-0.66,P=0.0002) and 0.28(31.9% vs 52.2%,95% CI:0.13-0.59,P=0.0008).CONCLUSION:This meta-analysis indicates the postoperative antiviral therapy,interferon in particular,may serve as a favorable alternative to reduce recurrence and mortality in patients with HBV/HCV related HCCs.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic duct stone (PDS) is a common complication of chronic pancreatitis. Surgery is a common therapeutic option for PDS. In this study we assessed the surgical procedures for PDS in patients with chro...BACKGROUND: Pancreatic duct stone (PDS) is a common complication of chronic pancreatitis. Surgery is a common therapeutic option for PDS. In this study we assessed the surgical procedures for PDS in patients with chronic pancreatitis at our hospital. METHOD: Between January 2004 and September 2009, medical records from 35 patients diagnosed with PDS associated with chronic pancreatitis were retrospectively reviewed and the patients were followed up for up to 67 months. RESULTS: The 35 patients underwent ultrasonography, computed tomography, or both, with an overall accuracy rate of 85.7%. Of these patients, 31 underwent the modified Puestow procedure, 2 underwent the Whipple procedure, 1 underwent simple stone removal by duct incision, and 1 underwent pancreatic abscess drainage. Of the 35 patients, 28 were followed up for 4-67 months. There was no postoperative death before discharge or during follow-up. After the modified Puestow procedure, abdominal pain was reduced in patients with complete or incomplete stone clearance (P>0.05). Steatorrhea and diabetes mellitus developed in several patients during a long-term follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery, especially the modified Puestow procedure, is effective and safe for patients with PDS associated with chronic pancreatitis. Decompression of intraductal pressure rather than complete clearance of all stones predicts postoperative outcome.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Diabetes mellitus(DM)is thought to be associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in some published studies.However,can we draw the conclusion that DM is a'true'independent ris...BACKGROUND:Diabetes mellitus(DM)is thought to be associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in some published studies.However,can we draw the conclusion that DM is a'true'independent risk factor for HCC based on these references? DATA SOURCES:MEDLINE and PubMed searches were conducted for published studies(between January 1966 and June 2009)to identify relevant articles using the keywords 'diabetes','insulin resistance'and'hepatocellular carcinoma',including'primary liver cancer'.Because of the very limited number of relevant articles most were reviewed. RESULTS:This systematic review was conducted from 4 aspects:(1)the significant synergy between DM,hepatitis virus infection,and heavy alcohol consumption in HCC; (2)the role of DM independently in HCC cases while other identified risk factors were controlled or excluded; (3)obesity,DM,and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in HCC patients;and(4)the impact of DM for the prognosis or surgical treatment in HCC patients with DM.No consensus has been reached among these studies and it is too early to draw the conclusion that DM is a'true' independent risk factor for HCC. CONCLUSIONS:DM can be regarded as a risk factor for HCC.However,whether DM itself directly predisposes to HCC or whether it is a'true'independent risk factor remains unclear.Related issues should be clarified by more research.展开更多
A new alkaloid,sinensine(1),had been isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sinense Zhao,Xu et Zhang.Its structure was elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D spectral analysis.This alkaloid exhibited activity in...A new alkaloid,sinensine(1),had been isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sinense Zhao,Xu et Zhang.Its structure was elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D spectral analysis.This alkaloid exhibited activity in protecting the injury induced by hydrogen peroxide oxidation on HUVEC,with EC_(50) value 6.2μmol/L.展开更多
As an example of atmospheric nitrogen(N) deposition,the paper summarizes the definition,form and amount of nutrient from the environment(NFE) and the relationship between NFE and anthro-pogenic reactive N emission.Bas...As an example of atmospheric nitrogen(N) deposition,the paper summarizes the definition,form and amount of nutrient from the environment(NFE) and the relationship between NFE and anthro-pogenic reactive N emission.Based on our own study and published articles,we find that N wet and dry deposition has been an important nutrient resource in agricultural and natural ecosystems in China.The total amount of N deposition and other environment-derived N in China was up to 18 Tg N/a,equal to ap-proximately 60% of the national N fertilizer consumption.Nitrogen deposition is expected to contribute substantially to nutrient cycling and net primary productivity in various ecosystems.Therefore,it is crucial to utilize this environment-derived nutrient resource by integrated nutrient resource management in order to realize the sustainable development of both agricultural and non-agricultural ecosystems.展开更多
AIM: To establish a model for prognosis assessment of extranodal follicular dendritic cell (FDC) sarcoma.METHODS: Nine lesions were examined by routine and molecular approaches.Clinicopathological factors from the new...AIM: To establish a model for prognosis assessment of extranodal follicular dendritic cell (FDC) sarcoma.METHODS: Nine lesions were examined by routine and molecular approaches.Clinicopathological factors from the new cases and 97 reported cases were analyzed for their prognostic values.RESULTS: The current lesions were found in f ive male and four female patients,located mainly in the head and neck area and averaging 7.2 cm in size.Six patients had recurrence or metastasis and three remained free of disease.The 106 patients (male/female ratio,1.1:1) were aged from 9 to 82 years (median,44 years).The tumor sizes ranged from 1.5 to 21 cm (mean,7.4 cm).Abdominal/pelvic region was affected most frequently (43%).Surgical resection was performed in 100 patients,followed by radiation and/or chemotherapy in 35 of them.Follow-up data were available in 91 cases,covering a period of 3-324 mo (mean,27 mo;median,19 mo).Of the informative cases,38 (42%) had recurrence or metastasis,and 12 (13%) died of the disease.These tumors were classif ied histologically into lowand high-grade lesions.A size ≥ 5 cm (P = 0.003),highgrade histology (P = 0.046) and a mitotic count ≥ 5/10 HPF (P = 0.013) were associated with tumor recurrence.The lesions were def ined as low-,intermediateand high-risk tumors,and their recurrence rates were 16%,46% and 73%,and their mortality rates 0%,4% and 45%,respectively.CONCLUSION: Extranodal FDC tumors behave like soft tissue sarcomas.Their clinical outcomes are variable and can be evaluated according to their sizes and grades.展开更多
A series of novel 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)quinolone derivatives were designed,synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activities.Compounds 8f,8g,8i and 8j with the potencies similar to or...A series of novel 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)quinolone derivatives were designed,synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activities.Compounds 8f,8g,8i and 8j with the potencies similar to or better than those of levofloxacin and IMB against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis,worth further investigation.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic fistula (PF) remains the most challenging complication in pancreatic surgery, yet few published studies have focused on the risk factors for postoperative PF in patients undergoing surgery for i...BACKGROUND: Pancreatic fistula (PF) remains the most challenging complication in pancreatic surgery, yet few published studies have focused on the risk factors for postoperative PF in patients undergoing surgery for insulinomas. METHODS: From January 1990 to February 2010, a total of 292 patients with insulinomas underwent surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Demographic data, intraoperative procedures, and postoperative data were collected. Particular attention was paid to variables associated with PF as defined by the International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula (ISGPF). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify possible risk factors for PP. RESULTS: PF was found in 132 (45.2%) patients, of whom 90 were classified into ISGPF grade A, 33 grade B, and 9 grade C. Multivariate analysis showed that male patients (OR=2.56; P=0.007) and operative time > 180 minutes (OR=3.756; P < 0.0001) were independent risk factors for clinical PF. Pancreatic resection with stapler was a protective factor for both total PF (OR=0.022; P=0.010) and clinical PF (OR=0.097; P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Male gender and operative time > 180 minutes were independent risk factors for clinical PF, while pancreatic resection with a stapler was a protective factor. Whether body mass index (BMI) and other variables during operation are risk factors of PF needs further study. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2012;11:102-106)展开更多
AIM: To investigate the impact of surgical procedures on prognosis of gallbladder cancer patients classified with the latest tumor-node-metastasis(TNM) staging system.METHODS: A retrospective study was performed by re...AIM: To investigate the impact of surgical procedures on prognosis of gallbladder cancer patients classified with the latest tumor-node-metastasis(TNM) staging system.METHODS: A retrospective study was performed by reviewing 152 patients with primary gallbladder carcinoma treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2003 to June 2013. Postsurgical follow-up was performed by telephone and outpatient visits. Clinical records were reviewed and patients were grouped based on the new edition of TNM staging system(AJCC, seventh edition, 2010). Prognoses were analyzed and compared based on surgical operations including simple cholecystectomy, radical cholecystectomy(or extended radical cholecystectomy), and palliative surgery. Simple cholecystectomy is, by definition, resection of the gallbladder fossa. Radical cholecystectomy involves a wedge resection of the gallbladder fossa with 2 cm nonneoplastic liver tissue; resection of a suprapancreatic segment of the extrahepatic bile duct and extended portal lymph node dissection may also be considered based on the patient's circumstance. Palliative surgery refers to cholecystectomy with biliary drainage. Data analysis was performed with SPSS 19.0 software. KaplanMeier survival analysis and Logrank test were used for survival rate comparison. P < 0.05 was consideredstatistically significant.RESULTS: Patients were grouped based on the new 7th edition of TNM staging system, including 8 cases of stage 0, 10 cases of stage Ⅰ, 25 cases of stage Ⅱ, 21 cases of stage ⅢA, 21 cases of stage ⅢB, 24 cases of stage ⅣA, 43 cases of stage ⅣB. Simple cholecystectomy was performed on 28 cases, radical cholecystectomy or expanded gallbladder radical resection on 57 cases, and palliative resection on 28 cases. Thirty-nine cases were not operated. Patients with stages 0 and Ⅰ disease demonstrated no statistical significant difference in survival time between those receiving radical cholecystectomy and simple cholecystectomy(P = 0.826). The prognosis of stage Ⅱ patients with radical cholecystectomy was better than that of simple cholecystectomy. For stage Ⅲ patients, radical cholecystectomy was significantly superior to other surgical options(P < 0.05). For stage ⅣA patients, radical cholecystectomy was not better than palliative resection and non-surgical treatment. For stage ⅣB, patients who underwent palliative resection significantly outlived those with non-surgical treatment(P < 0.01)CONCLUSION: For stages 0 and Ⅰ patients, simple cholecystectomy is the optimal surgical procedure, while radical cholecystectomy should be actively operated for stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients.展开更多
A new tetrahydrophenanthrene named henryin A(1) was isolated from the leaves of Chloranthus henryi.Its structure was determined to be(S)-4,6,9-trimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrophenanthrene-1,2-diol on the basis of IR,MS,1D...A new tetrahydrophenanthrene named henryin A(1) was isolated from the leaves of Chloranthus henryi.Its structure was determined to be(S)-4,6,9-trimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrophenanthrene-1,2-diol on the basis of IR,MS,1D and 2D NMR spectral.展开更多
A new lathyrane diterpene glycoside,named 3β,7β,15β-trihydroxy-14-oxolathyra-5E,12E-dienyl-16-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, was isolated from Euphorbia helioscopia L.Its structure was established by spectroscopic techniq...A new lathyrane diterpene glycoside,named 3β,7β,15β-trihydroxy-14-oxolathyra-5E,12E-dienyl-16-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, was isolated from Euphorbia helioscopia L.Its structure was established by spectroscopic techniques including 2D NMR.展开更多
A new triterpene glycoside, 24S-cycloartane-3 beta, 16 beta, 24, 25, 30-pentaol 3-O-(2-O-beta-D-xylosyl)-beta-D-xyloside was isolated from Thalictrum smithii. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic and chemical...A new triterpene glycoside, 24S-cycloartane-3 beta, 16 beta, 24, 25, 30-pentaol 3-O-(2-O-beta-D-xylosyl)-beta-D-xyloside was isolated from Thalictrum smithii. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods.展开更多
A new ellagic acid glycoside named ducheside A has been isolated from Duchesnea indica Focke, and its structure was elucidated as 3'-0-methyl-ellagic acid-4-0-beta-D-xylopyranoside on the basis of spectral analysi...A new ellagic acid glycoside named ducheside A has been isolated from Duchesnea indica Focke, and its structure was elucidated as 3'-0-methyl-ellagic acid-4-0-beta-D-xylopyranoside on the basis of spectral analysis and hydrolysis.展开更多
Different hydrolysis and extraction procedures have been studied for the determination of drugs of abuse in hair samples. The results showed that acid and enzymatic hydrolysis gave high extraction recoveries for 6-mon...Different hydrolysis and extraction procedures have been studied for the determination of drugs of abuse in hair samples. The results showed that acid and enzymatic hydrolysis gave high extraction recoveries for 6-monoacetylmorphine, morphine, codeine and heroin. Enzymatic hydrolysis was more expensive. After alkaline hydrolysis, 6-monoacetylmorphine, a unique proof of heroin abuse, could not be detected and after methanolic extraction, the extract was dirty and the obtained chromatogram showed an interfering background. It is concluded that acid hydrolysis is the extraction method of choice.展开更多
A new anthraquinone, Glyceroyl-1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methyl-9, 10-dioxo-2-anthracene carboxylate I, was isolated from Clinopodium polycephalum. The chemical structure was determined by spectroscopic methods.
基金supported by grants from the National Science&Technology Pillar Program(No.2007BA107A02)
文摘BACKGROUND: In the field of gene therapy, viral vectors as delivery tools have a number of disadvantages for medical application. This study aimed to explore a novel nonviral vector as a vehicle for gene therapy. METHODS: Transvector-rpE-MPP and EGFP (enhanced green fluorescent protein) were used as the gene transfer carrier and the reporter gene, respectively. Polyplexes which integrate transvector-rpE-MPP, the object gene, and EGFP were formed. The optimal charge ratio, stability, and transduction capacity of the polyplexes in mouse hepatocytes in vitro and in mouse liver in vivo were investigated. The polyplexes of transvector-rpE-MPP and pcDNA(3)-EGFP, with charge ratios of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 and 1.5 were compared to determine the optimal charge ratio. RESULTS: Polyplexes with charge ratios of 1: 1 were most stable; pcDNA(3)-EGFP in these complexes resisted digestion by DNase I and blood plasma. On the other hand, pcDNA(3)-EGFP alone was digested. Fluorescence analysis indicated that transvector-rpE-MPP successfully delivered the reporter gene EGFP into hepatocytes and that EGFP expression was detected in hepatocyte cultures and in liver tissue. CONCLUSION: These results have laid a foundation for further study of a novel nonviral gene delivery system.
文摘Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by the presence of a plethora of autoantibodies and immune complex formation. Virtually every system and organ can be affected by SLE. Gastrointestinal symptoms are com-mon in SLE patients, and more than half of them are caused by adverse reactions to medications and viral or bacterial infections. Though not as common as lu-pus nephritis, SLE-related gastrointestinal involvement is clinically important because most cases can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. Lupus mesenteric vasculitis is the most common cause, followed by pro-tein-losing enteropathy, intestinal pseudo-obstruction, acute pancreatitis and other rare complications such as celiac disease, inflammatory bowel diseases, etc. No specific autoantibody is identified as being associated with SLE-related gastroenteropathy. Imaging studies, particularly abdominal computed tomography scans, are helpful in diagnosing some SLE-related gastroen-teropathies. Most of these complications have good therapeutic responses to corticosteroids and immu-nosuppressive agents. Supportive measures such as bowel rest, nutritional support, antibiotics and proki-netic medications are helpful in facilitating functional recovery and improving the outcome.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No 30970623 and No 30600729International Science and Technology Cooperation Projects, 2010DFA31840
文摘AIM:To investigate the impact of postoperative antiviral treatment on tumor recurrence and survival of patients with chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV) or hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection-related primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) after curative therapy.METHODS:We performed a meta-analysis of randomized and non-randomized control trials from electronic search and manual search.The fixed effect model of Mantel-Haenszel method and the random effect model of Der Simonian and Laird method were used for homogeneous and heterogeneous studies,respectively.Seven HCV-related studies,three HBV-related studies and three studies on HBV or HCV-related HCC were identified.RESULTS:A total of 1224 patients were included in this analysis.The estimated odds ratios(OR) for the 1-,2-,3-and 5-year recurrence were 0.54 [15.4% vs 24.1%,95% confidence interval(CI):0.32-0.89,P=0.02],0.42(36.9% vs 58.0%,95% CI:0.19-0.90,P=0.03),0.37(47.9% vs 63.8%,95% CI:0.19-0.71,P=0.003),and 0.32(66.7% vs 74.3%,95% CI:0.15-0.66,P=0.002),respectively;and the OR for the 1-,2-,3-,5-and 7-year mortality were 0.23(1.2% vs 9.1%,95% CI:0.07-0.71,P=0.01),0.31(6.4% vs 22.1%,95% CI:0.12-0.79,P=0.01),0.43(12.7% vs 20.8%,95% CI:0.21-0.89,P=0.02),0.42(25.1% vs 42.0%,95% CI:0.27-0.66,P=0.0002) and 0.28(31.9% vs 52.2%,95% CI:0.13-0.59,P=0.0008).CONCLUSION:This meta-analysis indicates the postoperative antiviral therapy,interferon in particular,may serve as a favorable alternative to reduce recurrence and mortality in patients with HBV/HCV related HCCs.
文摘BACKGROUND: Pancreatic duct stone (PDS) is a common complication of chronic pancreatitis. Surgery is a common therapeutic option for PDS. In this study we assessed the surgical procedures for PDS in patients with chronic pancreatitis at our hospital. METHOD: Between January 2004 and September 2009, medical records from 35 patients diagnosed with PDS associated with chronic pancreatitis were retrospectively reviewed and the patients were followed up for up to 67 months. RESULTS: The 35 patients underwent ultrasonography, computed tomography, or both, with an overall accuracy rate of 85.7%. Of these patients, 31 underwent the modified Puestow procedure, 2 underwent the Whipple procedure, 1 underwent simple stone removal by duct incision, and 1 underwent pancreatic abscess drainage. Of the 35 patients, 28 were followed up for 4-67 months. There was no postoperative death before discharge or during follow-up. After the modified Puestow procedure, abdominal pain was reduced in patients with complete or incomplete stone clearance (P>0.05). Steatorrhea and diabetes mellitus developed in several patients during a long-term follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Surgery, especially the modified Puestow procedure, is effective and safe for patients with PDS associated with chronic pancreatitis. Decompression of intraductal pressure rather than complete clearance of all stones predicts postoperative outcome.
基金supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30772859)
文摘BACKGROUND:Diabetes mellitus(DM)is thought to be associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in some published studies.However,can we draw the conclusion that DM is a'true'independent risk factor for HCC based on these references? DATA SOURCES:MEDLINE and PubMed searches were conducted for published studies(between January 1966 and June 2009)to identify relevant articles using the keywords 'diabetes','insulin resistance'and'hepatocellular carcinoma',including'primary liver cancer'.Because of the very limited number of relevant articles most were reviewed. RESULTS:This systematic review was conducted from 4 aspects:(1)the significant synergy between DM,hepatitis virus infection,and heavy alcohol consumption in HCC; (2)the role of DM independently in HCC cases while other identified risk factors were controlled or excluded; (3)obesity,DM,and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in HCC patients;and(4)the impact of DM for the prognosis or surgical treatment in HCC patients with DM.No consensus has been reached among these studies and it is too early to draw the conclusion that DM is a'true' independent risk factor for HCC. CONCLUSIONS:DM can be regarded as a risk factor for HCC.However,whether DM itself directly predisposes to HCC or whether it is a'true'independent risk factor remains unclear.Related issues should be clarified by more research.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (No.2007Fy130100)
文摘A new alkaloid,sinensine(1),had been isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sinense Zhao,Xu et Zhang.Its structure was elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D spectral analysis.This alkaloid exhibited activity in protecting the injury induced by hydrogen peroxide oxidation on HUVEC,with EC_(50) value 6.2μmol/L.
基金funded by the One-hundred Talents Program of CAS,the Special Fund for Agricultural Profession (200803030)the Sino-German project (DFG Training Group,GK1070)
文摘As an example of atmospheric nitrogen(N) deposition,the paper summarizes the definition,form and amount of nutrient from the environment(NFE) and the relationship between NFE and anthro-pogenic reactive N emission.Based on our own study and published articles,we find that N wet and dry deposition has been an important nutrient resource in agricultural and natural ecosystems in China.The total amount of N deposition and other environment-derived N in China was up to 18 Tg N/a,equal to ap-proximately 60% of the national N fertilizer consumption.Nitrogen deposition is expected to contribute substantially to nutrient cycling and net primary productivity in various ecosystems.Therefore,it is crucial to utilize this environment-derived nutrient resource by integrated nutrient resource management in order to realize the sustainable development of both agricultural and non-agricultural ecosystems.
基金Supported by Grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30171052,30572125 and 30772508
文摘AIM: To establish a model for prognosis assessment of extranodal follicular dendritic cell (FDC) sarcoma.METHODS: Nine lesions were examined by routine and molecular approaches.Clinicopathological factors from the new cases and 97 reported cases were analyzed for their prognostic values.RESULTS: The current lesions were found in f ive male and four female patients,located mainly in the head and neck area and averaging 7.2 cm in size.Six patients had recurrence or metastasis and three remained free of disease.The 106 patients (male/female ratio,1.1:1) were aged from 9 to 82 years (median,44 years).The tumor sizes ranged from 1.5 to 21 cm (mean,7.4 cm).Abdominal/pelvic region was affected most frequently (43%).Surgical resection was performed in 100 patients,followed by radiation and/or chemotherapy in 35 of them.Follow-up data were available in 91 cases,covering a period of 3-324 mo (mean,27 mo;median,19 mo).Of the informative cases,38 (42%) had recurrence or metastasis,and 12 (13%) died of the disease.These tumors were classif ied histologically into lowand high-grade lesions.A size ≥ 5 cm (P = 0.003),highgrade histology (P = 0.046) and a mitotic count ≥ 5/10 HPF (P = 0.013) were associated with tumor recurrence.The lesions were def ined as low-,intermediateand high-risk tumors,and their recurrence rates were 16%,46% and 73%,and their mortality rates 0%,4% and 45%,respectively.CONCLUSION: Extranodal FDC tumors behave like soft tissue sarcomas.Their clinical outcomes are variable and can be evaluated according to their sizes and grades.
基金supported by the IMB Research Foundation(No.IMBF 20060404).
文摘A series of novel 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)quinolone derivatives were designed,synthesized and evaluated for in vitro antibacterial activities.Compounds 8f,8g,8i and 8j with the potencies similar to or better than those of levofloxacin and IMB against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis,worth further investigation.
文摘BACKGROUND: Pancreatic fistula (PF) remains the most challenging complication in pancreatic surgery, yet few published studies have focused on the risk factors for postoperative PF in patients undergoing surgery for insulinomas. METHODS: From January 1990 to February 2010, a total of 292 patients with insulinomas underwent surgery at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Demographic data, intraoperative procedures, and postoperative data were collected. Particular attention was paid to variables associated with PF as defined by the International Study Group of Pancreatic Fistula (ISGPF). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify possible risk factors for PP. RESULTS: PF was found in 132 (45.2%) patients, of whom 90 were classified into ISGPF grade A, 33 grade B, and 9 grade C. Multivariate analysis showed that male patients (OR=2.56; P=0.007) and operative time > 180 minutes (OR=3.756; P < 0.0001) were independent risk factors for clinical PF. Pancreatic resection with stapler was a protective factor for both total PF (OR=0.022; P=0.010) and clinical PF (OR=0.097; P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Male gender and operative time > 180 minutes were independent risk factors for clinical PF, while pancreatic resection with a stapler was a protective factor. Whether body mass index (BMI) and other variables during operation are risk factors of PF needs further study. (Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2012;11:102-106)
基金Supported by Capital Special Research Project for Health Development(2014-2-4012)State Natural Research Funding,No.81372578+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30970623 and No.91229120International Science and Technology Cooperation Projects,No.2010DFA31840 and No.2010DFB33720Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,No.NCET-11-0288
文摘AIM: To investigate the impact of surgical procedures on prognosis of gallbladder cancer patients classified with the latest tumor-node-metastasis(TNM) staging system.METHODS: A retrospective study was performed by reviewing 152 patients with primary gallbladder carcinoma treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2003 to June 2013. Postsurgical follow-up was performed by telephone and outpatient visits. Clinical records were reviewed and patients were grouped based on the new edition of TNM staging system(AJCC, seventh edition, 2010). Prognoses were analyzed and compared based on surgical operations including simple cholecystectomy, radical cholecystectomy(or extended radical cholecystectomy), and palliative surgery. Simple cholecystectomy is, by definition, resection of the gallbladder fossa. Radical cholecystectomy involves a wedge resection of the gallbladder fossa with 2 cm nonneoplastic liver tissue; resection of a suprapancreatic segment of the extrahepatic bile duct and extended portal lymph node dissection may also be considered based on the patient's circumstance. Palliative surgery refers to cholecystectomy with biliary drainage. Data analysis was performed with SPSS 19.0 software. KaplanMeier survival analysis and Logrank test were used for survival rate comparison. P < 0.05 was consideredstatistically significant.RESULTS: Patients were grouped based on the new 7th edition of TNM staging system, including 8 cases of stage 0, 10 cases of stage Ⅰ, 25 cases of stage Ⅱ, 21 cases of stage ⅢA, 21 cases of stage ⅢB, 24 cases of stage ⅣA, 43 cases of stage ⅣB. Simple cholecystectomy was performed on 28 cases, radical cholecystectomy or expanded gallbladder radical resection on 57 cases, and palliative resection on 28 cases. Thirty-nine cases were not operated. Patients with stages 0 and Ⅰ disease demonstrated no statistical significant difference in survival time between those receiving radical cholecystectomy and simple cholecystectomy(P = 0.826). The prognosis of stage Ⅱ patients with radical cholecystectomy was better than that of simple cholecystectomy. For stage Ⅲ patients, radical cholecystectomy was significantly superior to other surgical options(P < 0.05). For stage ⅣA patients, radical cholecystectomy was not better than palliative resection and non-surgical treatment. For stage ⅣB, patients who underwent palliative resection significantly outlived those with non-surgical treatment(P < 0.01)CONCLUSION: For stages 0 and Ⅰ patients, simple cholecystectomy is the optimal surgical procedure, while radical cholecystectomy should be actively operated for stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ patients.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20462004) for financial support
文摘A new tetrahydrophenanthrene named henryin A(1) was isolated from the leaves of Chloranthus henryi.Its structure was determined to be(S)-4,6,9-trimethyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrophenanthrene-1,2-diol on the basis of IR,MS,1D and 2D NMR spectral.
文摘A new lathyrane diterpene glycoside,named 3β,7β,15β-trihydroxy-14-oxolathyra-5E,12E-dienyl-16-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, was isolated from Euphorbia helioscopia L.Its structure was established by spectroscopic techniques including 2D NMR.
文摘A new triterpene glycoside, 24S-cycloartane-3 beta, 16 beta, 24, 25, 30-pentaol 3-O-(2-O-beta-D-xylosyl)-beta-D-xyloside was isolated from Thalictrum smithii. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods.
文摘A new ellagic acid glycoside named ducheside A has been isolated from Duchesnea indica Focke, and its structure was elucidated as 3'-0-methyl-ellagic acid-4-0-beta-D-xylopyranoside on the basis of spectral analysis and hydrolysis.
文摘Different hydrolysis and extraction procedures have been studied for the determination of drugs of abuse in hair samples. The results showed that acid and enzymatic hydrolysis gave high extraction recoveries for 6-monoacetylmorphine, morphine, codeine and heroin. Enzymatic hydrolysis was more expensive. After alkaline hydrolysis, 6-monoacetylmorphine, a unique proof of heroin abuse, could not be detected and after methanolic extraction, the extract was dirty and the obtained chromatogram showed an interfering background. It is concluded that acid hydrolysis is the extraction method of choice.
文摘A new anthraquinone, Glyceroyl-1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methyl-9, 10-dioxo-2-anthracene carboxylate I, was isolated from Clinopodium polycephalum. The chemical structure was determined by spectroscopic methods.
