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Management of Strawberry Grey Mold Disease Using Biocontrol Agents and Plant Extracts
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作者 P. Sakthi Priya Srushtideep Angidi +2 位作者 Uday Kumar Thera S. V. Nandeesha Thangaswamy Rajesh 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 CAS 2024年第7期538-551,共14页
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a significant global soft fruit crop, prized for its nutrient content and pleasant flavor. However, diseases, particularly grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr. ... Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a significant global soft fruit crop, prized for its nutrient content and pleasant flavor. However, diseases, particularly grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr. poses major constraints to strawberry production and productivity. Grey mold severely impacts fruit quality and quantity, diminishing market value. This study evaluated five B. cinerea isolates from various locations in the Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya. All isolates were pathogenic, with isolate SGM 2 identified as highly virulent. Host range studies showed the pathogen-producing symptoms in the fava bean pods, marigold, gerbera, and chrysanthemum flowers and in the fava bean, gerbera, and lettuce leaves. In vitro tests revealed that neem extract (15% w/v) achieved the highest mycelial growth inhibition at 76.66%, while black turmeric extract (5% w/v) had the lowest inhibition at 9.62%. Dual culture methods with bio-control agents indicated that Bacillus subtilis recorded the highest mean inhibition at 77.03%, while Pseudomonas fluorescens had the lowest at 20.36% against the two virulent isolates. Pot evaluations demonstrated that B. subtilis resulted in the lowest percent disease index at 20.59%, followed by neem extract at 23.31%, with the highest disease index in the control group at 42.51%. Additionally, B. subtilis significantly improved plant growth, yielding an average of 0.32 kg compared to 0.14 kg in the control. The promising results of B. subtilis and neem leaf extract from this study suggest their potential for eco-friendly managing grey mold in strawberries under field conditions. 展开更多
关键词 Strawberry Grey Mold BCA Plant Extracts Botrytis cinerea
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Plant Nitrogen Metabolism: Balancing Resilience to Nutritional Stress andAbiotic Challenges
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作者 Muhammad Farhan Manda Sathish +10 位作者 Rafia Kiran Aroosa Mushtaq Alaa Baazeem Ammarah Hasnain Fahad Hakim Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi Mustansar Mubeen Yasir Iftikhar Aqleem Abbas Muhammad Zeeshan Hassan Mahmoud Moustafa 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2024年第3期581-609,共29页
Plant growth and resilience to abiotic stresses,such as soil salinity and drought,depend intricately on nitrogen metabolism.This review explores nitrogen’s regulatory role in plant responses to these challenges,unvei... Plant growth and resilience to abiotic stresses,such as soil salinity and drought,depend intricately on nitrogen metabolism.This review explores nitrogen’s regulatory role in plant responses to these challenges,unveiling a dynamic interplay between nitrogen availability and abiotic stress.In the context of soil salinity,a nuanced rela-tionship emerges,featuring both antagonistic and synergistic interactions between salinity and nitrogen levels.Salinity-induced chlorophyll depletion in plants can be alleviated by optimal nitrogen supplementation;however,excessive nitrogen can exacerbate salinity stress.We delve into the complexities of this interaction and its agri-cultural implications.Nitrogen,a vital element within essential plant structures like chloroplasts,elicits diverse responses based on its availability.This review comprehensively examines manifestations of nitrogen deficiency and toxicity across various crop types,including cereals,vegetables,legumes,and fruits.Furthermore,we explore the broader consequences of nitrogen products,such as N_(2)O,NO_(2),and ammonia,on human health.Understand-ing the intricate relationship between nitrogen and salinity,especially chloride accumulation in nitrate-fed plants and sodium buildup in ammonium-fed plants,is pivotal for optimizing crop nitrogen management.However,prudent nitrogen use is essential,as overapplication can exacerbate nitrogen-related issues.Nitrogen Use Effi-ciency(NUE)is of paramount importance in addressing salinity challenges and enhancing sustainable crop productivity.Achieving this goal requires advancements in crop varieties with efficient nitrogen utilization,pre-cise timing and placement of nitrogen fertilizer application,and thoughtful nitrogen source selection to mitigate losses,particularly urea-based fertilizer volatilization.This review article delves into the multifaceted world of plant nitrogen metabolism and its pivotal role in enabling plant resilience to nutritional stress and abiotic challenges.It offers insights into future directions for sustainable agriculture. 展开更多
关键词 Synthetic nitrogen nitrogen signaling sustainable agriculture EUTROPHICATION AMMONIUM NITRATE
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A glycine-rich nuclear effector VdCE51 of Verticillium dahliae suppresses plant immune responses by inhibiting the accumulation of GhTRXH2
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作者 Chi Li Yingqi Huang +5 位作者 Wenjing Shang Jieyin Chen Steven J.Klosterman Krishna V.Subbarao Jun Qin Xiaoping Hu 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第4期1137-1149,共13页
Verticillium dahliae is an important soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes great yield losses in many cash crops.Effectors of this fungus are known to regulate plant immunity but the mechanism much remains unclear.A ... Verticillium dahliae is an important soil-borne fungal pathogen that causes great yield losses in many cash crops.Effectors of this fungus are known to regulate plant immunity but the mechanism much remains unclear.A glycine-rich nuclear effector,VdCE51,was able to suppress immune responses in tobacco against Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.This effector was a required factor for full virulence of V.dahliae,and its nuclear localization was a requisite for suppressing plant immunity.The thioredoxin GhTRXH2,identified as a positive regulator of plant immunity,was a host target of VdCE51.Our findings show a virulence regulating mechanism whereby the secreted nuclear effector VdCE51 interferes with the transcription of PR genes,and the SA signaling pathway by inhibiting the accumulation of GhTRXH2,thus suppressing plant immunity. 展开更多
关键词 Verticillium dahliae Plant immunity EFFECTOR THIOREDOXIN
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Development of Machine Learning Methods for Accurate Prediction of Plant Disease Resistance
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作者 Qi Liu Shi-min Zuo +10 位作者 Shasha Peng Hao Zhang Ye Peng Wei Li Yehui Xiong Runmao Lin Zhiming Feng Huihui Li Jun Yang Guo-Liang Wang Houxiang Kang 《Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第9期100-110,共11页
The traditional method of screening plants for disease resistance phenotype is both time-consuming and costly.Genomic selection offers a potential solution to improve efficiency,but accurately predicting plant disease... The traditional method of screening plants for disease resistance phenotype is both time-consuming and costly.Genomic selection offers a potential solution to improve efficiency,but accurately predicting plant disease resistance remains a challenge.In this study,we evaluated eight different machine learning(ML)methods,including random forest classification(RFC),support vector classifier(SVC),light gradient boosting machine(lightGBM),random forest classification plus kinship(RFC_K),support vector classification plus kinship(SVC_K),light gradient boosting machine plus kinship(lightGBM_K),deep neural network genomic prediction(DNNGP),and densely connected convolutional networks(DenseNet),for predicting plant disease resistance.Our results demonstrate that the three plus kinship(K)methods developed in this study achieved high prediction accuracy.Specifically,these methods achieved accuracies of up to 95%for rice blast(RB),85%for rice black-streaked dwarf virus(RBSDV),and 85%for rice sheath blight(RSB)when trained and applied to the rice diversity panel I(RDPI).Furthermore,the plus K models performed well in predicting wheat blast(WB)and wheat stripe rust(WSR)diseases,with mean accuracies of up to 90%and 93%,respectively.To assess the generalizability of our models,we applied the trained plus K methods to predict RB disease resistance in an independent population,rice diversity panel II(RDPII).Concurrently,we evaluated the RB resistance of RDPII cultivars using spray inoculation.Comparing the predictions with the spray inoculation results,we found that the accuracy of the plus K methods reached 91%.These findings highlight the effectiveness of the plus K methods(RFC_K,SVC_K,and lightGBM_K)in accurately predicting plant disease resistance for RB,RBSDV,RSB,WB,and WSR.The methods developed in this study not only provide valuable strategies for predicting disease resistance,but also pave the way for using machine learning to streamline genome-based crop breeding. 展开更多
关键词 Predicting plant disease resistance Genomic selection Machine learning Genome-wide association study
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Defining a species in fungal plant pathology:beyond the species level 被引量:2
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作者 Ishara S.Manawasinghe Alan J.L.Phillips +10 位作者 Jianping Xu Abhaya Balasuriya Kevin D.Hyde Łukasz Stępień Dulanjalee L.Harischandra Anuruddha Karunarathna Jiye Yan Janith Weerasinghe Mei Luo Zhangyong Dong Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon 《Fungal Diversity》 SCIE 2021年第4期267-282,共16页
In plant pathology,the correct naming of a species is essential for determining the causal agents of disease.Species names not only serve the general purpose of concise communication,but also are critical for effectiv... In plant pathology,the correct naming of a species is essential for determining the causal agents of disease.Species names not only serve the general purpose of concise communication,but also are critical for effective plant quarantine,prevent-ing the introduction of new pathogens into a territory.Many phytopathogenic genera have multiple species and,in several genera,disagreements between the multiple prevailing species concept definitions result in numerous cryptic species.Some of these species were previously called by various names;forma speciales(specialised forms),subspecies,or pathotypes.However,based on new molecular evidence they are being assigned into new species.The frequent name changes and lack of consistent criteria to delineate cryptic species,species,subspecies,forms,and races create increasing confusion,often making communication among biologists arduous.Furthermore,such ambiguous information can convey misleading evo-lutionary concepts and species boundaries.The aim of this paper is to review these concepts,clarify their use,and evaluate them by referring to existing examples.We specifically address the question,“Do plant pathogens require a different ranking system?”We conclude that it is necessary to identify phytopathogens to species level based on data from multiple approaches.Furthermore,this identification must go beyond species level to clearly classify hitherto known subspecies,forms and races.In addition,when naming phytopathogenic genera,plant pathologists should provide more information about geographic locations and host ranges as well as host specificities for individual species,cryptic species,forms or races.When describing a new phytopathogen,we suggest that authors provide at least three representative strains together with pathogenicity test results.If Koch’s postulates cannot be fulfilled,it is necessary to provide complementary data such as associated disease severity on the host plant.Moreover,more sequenced collections of species causing diseases should be published in order to stabilise the boundaries of cryptic species,species,subspecies,forms,and races. 展开更多
关键词 Cryptic species Forms Fungal nomenclature New pathogen Species concepts SUBSPECIES RACES
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Tea plant (Camellia sinensis) lipid metabolism pathway modulated by tea field microbe (Colletotrichum camelliae) to promote disease 被引量:3
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作者 Shouan Liu Shuhan Zhang +2 位作者 Shengnan He Xiaoyan Qiao A.Runa 《Horticulture Research》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第4期110-123,共14页
Tea is one of the most popular healthy and non-alcoholic beverages worldwide.Tea anthracnose is a disease in tea mature leaves and ultimately affects yield and quality.Colletotrichum camelliae is a dominant fungal pat... Tea is one of the most popular healthy and non-alcoholic beverages worldwide.Tea anthracnose is a disease in tea mature leaves and ultimately affects yield and quality.Colletotrichum camelliae is a dominant fungal pathogen in the tea field that infects tea plants in China.The pathogenic factors of fungus and the susceptible factors in the tea plant are not known.In this work,we performed molecular and genetic studies to observe a cerato-platanin protein CcCp1 from C.camelliae,which played a key role in fungal pathogenicity.CcCp1 mutants lost fungal virulence and reduced the ability to produce conidia.Transcriptome and metabolome were then performed and analysed in tea-susceptible and tea-resistant cultivars,Longjing 43 and Zhongcha 108,upon C.camelliae wild-type CCA andCcCp1 infection,respectively.The differentially expressed genes and the differentially accumulated metabolites in tea plants were clearly overrepresented such as linolenic acid and linoleic acid metabolism,glycerophospholipid metabolism,phenylalanine biosynthesis and metabolism,biosynthesis of f lavonoid,f lavone and f lavonol etc.In particular,the accumulation of jasmonic acid was significantly increased in the susceptible cultivar Longjing 43 upon CCA infection,in the fungal CcCp1 protein dependent manner,suggesting the compound involved in regulating fungal infection.In addition,other metabolites in the glycerophospholipid and phenylalanine pathway were observed in the resistant cultivar Zhongcha 108 upon fungal treatment,suggesting their potential role in defense response.Taken together,this work indicated C.camelliae CcCp1 affected the tea plant lipid metabolism pathway to promote disease while the lost function of CcCp1 mutants altered the fungal virulence and plant response. 展开更多
关键词 FIELD metabolism TEA
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Seedling Petri-dish inoculation method:A robust,easy-to-use and reliable assay for studying plant-Ralstonia solanacearum interactions 被引量:1
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作者 CAO Peng CHEN Jia-lan +6 位作者 LI Ning-ning ZHANG Shuang-xi WANG Rong-bo LI Ben-jin LIU Pei-qing AN Yu-yan ZHANG Mei-xiang 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第12期3709-3719,共11页
Ralstonia solanacearum causes a lethal bacterial wilt disease in many crops,leading to huge losses in crop production every year.Understanding of plant-R.solanacearum interactions will aid to develop efficient strateg... Ralstonia solanacearum causes a lethal bacterial wilt disease in many crops,leading to huge losses in crop production every year.Understanding of plant-R.solanacearum interactions will aid to develop efficient strategies to control the disease.As a soilborne pathogen,R.solanacearum naturally infects plants via roots.A huge limitation in studying plant-R.solanacearum interactions is the large variation of R.solanacearum infection assay due to the variable soil conditions and uneven inoculum exposure.Here,we developed a robust and reliable Petri-dish inoculation method which allows consistent and stable infection in young plant seedlings.This method is easy to use,takes about only 10 days from seed germination to the completion of inoculation assay,and requires less inoculum of bacteria as well as growth chamber space.We proved the efficacy of the seedling Petri-dish inoculation method by analyzing plant defense primed by molecular patterns,resistance of defense-related plant mutants,and virulence of R.solanacearum mutants.Furthermore,we demonstrated that the seedling Petri-dish inoculation method can be applied to other host plants such as tobacco and has great potential for high-throughput screening of resistant plant germplasms to bacterial wilt in the future. 展开更多
关键词 bacterial wilt Ralstonia solanacearum Petri-dish inoculation method VIRULENCE resistance defense priming
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In silico Prediction and Analysis of Potential Off-Targets and Off-Target Mutation Detection in StERF3-Gene Edited Potato Plants
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作者 Hafiza Arooj Razzaq Siddra Ijaz +1 位作者 Imran Ul Haq Faisal Saeed Awan 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2023年第8期2451-2460,共10页
The imperative aspect of the CRISPR/Cas9 system is a short stretch of 20 nucleotides of gRNA that control the overall specificity.Due to the small size,the chance of its multiple occurrences in the genome increases;how... The imperative aspect of the CRISPR/Cas9 system is a short stretch of 20 nucleotides of gRNA that control the overall specificity.Due to the small size,the chance of its multiple occurrences in the genome increases;however,a few mismatches are tolerated by the Cas9 endonuclease activity.An accurate and careful in silico-based off-target prediction while target selection is preferred to address the issue.These predictions are based on a comprehensive set of selectable parameters.Therefore,we investigated the possible off-target prediction and their screening in StERF3 gene-edited potato plants while developing StERF3-loss-of-function mutants using CRISPR/Cas9 approach.The 201 off-targets for the selected targets of the StERF3 gene were predicted,and 79 werefiltered as potential off-targets.Of these 79,twenty-five off-targets showed scores with defined cut-off values<0.5 and were analyzed in Sterf3-edited potato plants compared to wild-type plants.No off-targeting was found to have occurred in edited plants. 展开更多
关键词 CRISPR/Cas9 system POTATO CCTop algorithm scoring off-target edits
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The Pythium periplocum elicitin PpEli2 confers broad-spectrum disease resistance by triggering a novel receptor-dependent immune pathway in plants
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作者 Kun Yang Yi Wang +9 位作者 Jialu Li Yaxin Du Ying Zhai Dong Liang Danyu Shen Rui Ji Xuexiang Ren Hao Peng Maofeng Jing Daolong Dou 《Horticulture Research》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第2期41-52,共12页
Elicitins are microbe-associated molecular patterns produced by oomycetes to elicit plant defense.It is still unclear whether elicitins derived from non-pathogenic oomycetes can be used as bioactive molecules for dise... Elicitins are microbe-associated molecular patterns produced by oomycetes to elicit plant defense.It is still unclear whether elicitins derived from non-pathogenic oomycetes can be used as bioactive molecules for disease control.Here,for the first time we identify and characterize an elicitin named PpEli2 from the soil-borne oomycete Pythium periplocum,which is a non-pathogenic mycoparasite colonizing the root ecosystem of diverse plant species.Perceived by a novel cell surface receptor-like protein,REli,that is conserved in various plants(e.g.tomato,pepper,soybean),PpEli2 can induce hypersensitive response cell death and an immunity response in Nicotiana benthamiana.Meanwhile,PpEli2 enhances the interaction between REli and its co-receptor BAK1.The receptor-dependent immune response triggered by PpEli2 is able to protect various plant species against Phytophthora and fungal infections.Collectively,our work reveals the potential agricultural application of non-pathogenic elicitins and their receptors in conferring broad-spectrum resistance for plant protection. 展开更多
关键词 ELICITIN SOYBEAN soil
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Efficacy of Plant Extracts on Morphology and Cultural Characteristics of Bipolaris sorokiniana, Causing Black Point Disease of Wheat in Bangladesh
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作者 Dilruba Yesmin Md. Abul Kalam Azad +1 位作者 F. M. Aminuzzaman Md. Monirul Islam 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2023年第10期1162-1179,共18页
Black point of wheat caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Bs) is very destructive disease of wheat in Bangladesh and all over the world. The symptoms of diseases caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana can vary depending on the h... Black point of wheat caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Bs) is very destructive disease of wheat in Bangladesh and all over the world. The symptoms of diseases caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana can vary depending on the host plant and environmental conditions. The conidia of Bs germinate from two poles, which differ physiologically as indicated by the rate, growth character, of length, breadth and number of septa on different media. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of selected plant extracts on the morphology and cultural characteristics of the fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana causing black point disease in wheat crops in Bangladesh. The efficacy of fifteen plant extracts on the growth and characteristics of Bs was conducted in vitro in 2019-2020. The treatments were: Untreated control, T<sub>1</sub>—Black berry Leaves, T<sub>2</sub>—Guava Leaves, T<sub>3</sub>—Lantena camera leaves, T<sub>4</sub>—Eucalyptus Leaves, T<sub>5</sub>— Turmeric Leaves, T<sub>6</sub>—Khoksha Leaves, T<sub>7</sub>—Papaya leaves, T<sub>8</sub>-Gurlic Bulb, T<sub>9</sub>—Chili dust, T<sub>10</sub>—Nigella seeds, T<sub>11</sub>—Turmeric dust, T<sub>12</sub>—Cloves, T<sub>13</sub>— Bohera fruits, T<sub>14</sub>—Black pepper and T<sub>15</sub>—Neem leaves. After 15 days of inoculation of Bipolaris sorokiniana, colony color and shapes were Gerrish blackish, greenish blackish, greyish blackish and shapes were round or irregular. In our study, conidia color was dark brown to light brown, conidiophore color was brown, dark brown, grayish brown, dark olivaceous, light brown and conidia shapes were elliptical, oblong or slightly curved. The septation of conidia was 2 - 5 and highest septation was seen in T<sub>4</sub> and T<sub>14</sub> treatments. The highest conidial length was 17.79 μm recorded in T<sub>2</sub> treatment and lowest was 6.62 μm T<sub>9</sub> treatment where conidial breath was 8.27 μm in control and lowest was 3.79 μm in T<sub>8</sub> treatment. Mycelial growth rate of Bipolaris sorokiniana was different in different treatments in different days after inoculation (DAI) where at 7 DAI, % reduction of mycelial growth over control was highest in Bohera and Neem Leaves treatments respectively. 展开更多
关键词 Bipolaris sorokiniana Black Point BOTANICALS WHEAT
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Relevance of Advanced Plant Disease Detection Techniques in Disease and Pest Management for Ensuring Food Security and Their Implication: A Review
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作者 Matthew Abu John Ibukunoluwa Bankole +3 位作者 Oluwatayo Ajayi-Moses Tofunmi Ijila Timilehin Jeje Patil Lalit 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2023年第11期1260-1295,共36页
Plant diseases and pests present significant challenges to global food security, leading to substantial losses in agricultural productivity and threatening environmental sustainability. As the world’s population grow... Plant diseases and pests present significant challenges to global food security, leading to substantial losses in agricultural productivity and threatening environmental sustainability. As the world’s population grows, ensuring food availability becomes increasingly urgent. This review explores the significance of advanced plant disease detection techniques in disease and pest management for enhancing food security. Traditional plant disease detection methods often rely on visual inspection and are time-consuming and subjective. This leads to delayed interventions and ineffective control measures. However, recent advancements in remote sensing, imaging technologies, and molecular diagnostics offer powerful tools for early and precise disease detection. Big data analytics and machine learning play pivotal roles in analyzing vast and complex datasets, thus accurately identifying plant diseases and predicting disease occurrence and severity. We explore how prompt interventions employing advanced techniques enable more efficient disease control and concurrently minimize the environmental impact of conventional disease and pest management practices. Furthermore, we analyze and make future recommendations to improve the precision and sensitivity of current advanced detection techniques. We propose incorporating eco-evolutionary theories into research to enhance the understanding of pathogen spread in future climates and mitigate the risk of disease outbreaks. We highlight the need for a science-policy interface that works closely with scientists, policymakers, and relevant intergovernmental organizations to ensure coordination and collaboration among them, ultimately developing effective disease monitoring and management strategies needed for securing sustainable food production and environmental well-being. 展开更多
关键词 Disease Management Detection Techniques Advanced Detection SUSTAINABILITY Science-Policy Food Security
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Characterization of Endophytic Microorganisms of Rice(Oryza sativa L.)Potentials for Blast Disease Biocontrol and Plant Growth Promoting Agents
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作者 Shugufta Parveen Fayaz A.Mohiddin +11 位作者 M.Ashraf Bhat Zahoor Ahmed Baba Fehim Jeelani M.Anwar Bhat Sajad Un Nabi Burhan Hamid Saba Bandey Farhanaz Rasool Zakir Amin Ibrahim Al-Ashkar Muhammad Adnan Ayman El Sabagh 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2023年第11期3021-3041,共21页
One hundred twenty-five endophytic microorganisms were isolated from the roots,stems,and leaves of four prominent rice cultivars growing in temperate regions.Their potential to combat rice blast disease and promote pl... One hundred twenty-five endophytic microorganisms were isolated from the roots,stems,and leaves of four prominent rice cultivars growing in temperate regions.Their potential to combat rice blast disease and promote plant growth was investigated.The dual culture tests highlighted the strong antagonistic activity of five fungal(ranging from 89%–70%)and five bacterial(72%–61%)endophytes.Subsequent examination focused on volatile compounds produced by selected isolates to counter the blast pathogen.Among these,the highest chitinase(13.76μg mL−1)and siderophore(56.64%),was exhibited by Aspergillus flavus,and the highest HCN production was shown by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(36.15μM mL−1).In terms of growth promotion traits,Aspergillus flavus and Enterobacter cloacae excelled in activities viz,phosphorous solubilization,ammonia production,auxin and gibberellic acid production,and nitrogen fixation.The Identity of these endophytes was confirmed through molecular analysis as Trichoderma afroharzianum,Trichoderma harzianum,Penicillium rubens,Aspergillus flavus,Stenotrophomonas rhizophila,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,Bacillus cereus,Enterobacter cloacae,and Bacillus licheniformis.Under greenhouse conditions,the highest disease control was shown by isolate Bacillus licheniformis and A.flavus with an inhibition of 79%,followed by S.rhizophila(77%)and T.afroharzianum(73%).The overall results of this study showed that Bacillus licheniformis and Stenotrophomonas rhizophila have great potential to be used as bio-stimulant and biocontrol agents to manage rice blast disease. 展开更多
关键词 ENDOPHYTES phylogeny antagonistic activity PYRICULARIA PHYTOHORMONES
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Application of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria as an Eco-Friendly Strategy for Mitigating the Harmful Effects of Abiotic Stress on Plants
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作者 Ahmed Hassan Abdou Omar Abdullah Alkhateeb +5 位作者 Hossam Eldin Hamed Mansour Hesham S.Ghazzawy Muayad Saud Albadrani Nadi Awad Al-harbi Wasimah B.Al-Shammari Khaled Abdelaal 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2023年第12期3305-3321,共17页
Plant growth-promoting bacteria(PGPB)play an important role in improving agricultural production under several abiotic stress factors.PGPB can be used to increase crop growth and development through hormonal balance a... Plant growth-promoting bacteria(PGPB)play an important role in improving agricultural production under several abiotic stress factors.PGPB can be used to increase crop growth and development through hormonal balance and increase nutrient uptake.The positive effect of PGPB may be due to its pivotal role in morphophysiological and biochemical characteristics like leaf number,leaf area,and stem length.Furthermore,relative water content,chlorophyll content,carotenoids,antioxidant enzymes,and plant hormones were improved with PGPB treatment.Crop yield and yield components were also increased with PGPB treatment in numerous crops.The anatomical structure of plant organs was increased such as lamina thickness,stem diameter,xylem vessel diameter,and number of xylem vessels as well as phloem thickness under treatment with PGPB.Additionally,PGPB can alleviate the negative effects of several abiotic stresses by regulating the antioxidant defense system to scavenge the reactive oxygen species resulting in an improvement of yield production in the stressed plants.Additionally,gene expressions were controlled by calcium ion modulation during secondary messengers that act upon calcium-dependent protein kinase and protein phosphatases.This includes many transcription factors such as MYB,AP2/ERF,bZIP,and NAC which regulate genes related to salinity stress signals.PGPB can demonstrate induction genes of signaling under abiotic stress conditions.This review gives an outline of the PGPB role in alleviating the harmful effects of abiotic factors such as salinity,drought,and heat associated with the improvement of the morpho-physiological and biochemical features especially,leaves and branches number,leaf area,antioxidant compounds,plant hormones,and relative water content. 展开更多
关键词 PGPB SALINITY DROUGHT heat reactive oxygen species ANTIOXIDANTS gene expressions
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Creating large EMS populations for functional genomics and breeding in wheat 被引量:1
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作者 Wenqiang Wang Xizhen Guan +10 位作者 Yong Gan Guojun Liu Chunhao Zou Weikang Wang Jifa Zhang Huifei Zhang Qunqun Hao Fei Ni Jiajie Wu Lynn Epstein Daolin Fu 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期484-493,共10页
Wheat germplasm is a fundamental resource for basic research,applied studies,and wheat breeding,which can be enriched normally by several paths,such as collecting natural lines,accumulating breeding lines,and introduc... Wheat germplasm is a fundamental resource for basic research,applied studies,and wheat breeding,which can be enriched normally by several paths,such as collecting natural lines,accumulating breeding lines,and introducing mutagenesis materials.Ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS)is an alkylating agent that can effectively introduce genetic variations in a wide variety of plant species.In this study,we created a million-scale EMS population(MEP)that started with the Chinese wheat cultivars‘Luyan 128’,‘Jimai 38’,‘Jimai 44’,and‘Shannong 30’.In the M1 generation,the MEP had numerous phenotypical variations,such as>3,000 chlorophyll-deficient mutants,2,519 compact spikes,and 1,692 male sterile spikes.There were also rare mutations,including 30 independent tillers each with double heads.Some M1 variations of chlorophyll-deficiency and compact spikes were inheritable,appearing in the M2 or M3 generations.To advance the entire MEP to higher generations,we adopted a single-seed descendent(SSD)approach.All other seed composites of M2 were used to screen other agronomically important traits,such as the tolerance to herbicide quizalofop-P-methyl.The MEP is available for collaborative projects,and provides a valuable toolbox for wheat genetics and breeding for sustainable agriculture. 展开更多
关键词 WHEAT GERMPLASM ethyl methane sulfonate genetics and breeding
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Identification and virulence test of a new pathogen that causes verticillium striping on rapeseed in northwestern China 被引量:1
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作者 We Si Ruisheng Wang +3 位作者 Mingde Wu Long Yang Guoqing Li Jing Zhang 《Oil Crop Science》 CSCD 2024年第1期8-19,共12页
Five stems of rapeseed with abundant black microsclerotia were collected from Huangyuan County of Qinghai Province,China,and fungal isolates were obtained from the stems.They were identified based on morphology,molecu... Five stems of rapeseed with abundant black microsclerotia were collected from Huangyuan County of Qinghai Province,China,and fungal isolates were obtained from the stems.They were identified based on morphology,molecular features and specific PCR detection.The results showed that the 10 fungal isolates belonged to Verticillium longisporum lineage A1/D3.One of the 10 isolates(HW7-1)was tested for virulence on three species of rapeseed,including B.napus Zhongshuang 9,B.rapa Qingyou 9 and B.juncea Tayou 2 by conidia inoculation of HW7-1 on roots of young seedlings.Control seedlings were inoculated with V.dahliae conidia or water alone.The seedlings of these treatments were transplanted in culture mix and incubated in a growth chamber(20℃).Results suggested that the control seedlings of three cultivars appeared quite healthy,while the seedlings inoculated with HW7-1 turned yellowing leaves,seedling stunting or even death after 22 days post-inoculation.V.longisporum was re-isolated from he yellow leaves,thus fulfilling Koch's postulates.Moreover,compared to the control treatments,inoculation with HW7-1 caused flowering delay and seed yield reduction on Tayou 2 with production of microsclerotia on the stems.To our knowledge,this is the first report of V.longisporum lineage A1/D3 on rapeseed in northwestern China. 展开更多
关键词 Verticillium longisporum lineage A1/D3 VIRULENCE RAPESEED China
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昆虫和线虫胰岛素/胰岛素样生长因子的生理功能研究进展
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作者 钱秀娟 刘长仲 +4 位作者 杨亚贤 马丽娟 陈红 李茜童 Edwin E.LEWIS 《昆虫学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第7期1006-1018,共13页
胰岛素是由胰岛素细胞分泌的一种分子量较小的蛋白质激素,通过细胞信号转导通路控制调节糖、脂肪和蛋白质代谢,进而对生命有机体产生影响。昆虫和线虫体内均存在胰岛素信号通路,调控其代谢、生长发育和寿命,且均与脊椎动物高度同源。模... 胰岛素是由胰岛素细胞分泌的一种分子量较小的蛋白质激素,通过细胞信号转导通路控制调节糖、脂肪和蛋白质代谢,进而对生命有机体产生影响。昆虫和线虫体内均存在胰岛素信号通路,调控其代谢、生长发育和寿命,且均与脊椎动物高度同源。模式生物黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster和秀丽隐杆线虫Caenorhabditis elegans的胰岛素信号通路研究,作为一根探针,为人类胰岛素相关疾病研究提供试验模型,对生命科学的研究具有重要意义,因此有关线虫和昆虫的胰岛素研究较为深入。昆虫病原线虫(entomopathogenic nematode,EPN)作为一种重要的生物防治因子,其生命周期既包括在寄主昆虫内的寄生阶段,又包括在自然界当中的自由生活阶段。在寄生阶段,线虫体内携带的共生细菌主要通过对寄主昆虫的血液循环系统起作用,从而造成寄主昆虫的死亡,因此,EPN与寄主昆虫的血液系统有着密切的关系。综上,探讨胰岛素对EPN的影响,必须同时关注胰岛素对线虫和寄主昆虫的影响。为了能科学系统地展开胰岛素对EPN的影响并进行深入探讨,本文就昆虫和线虫胰岛素/胰岛素样生长因子的生理功能展开综述,以期为研究胰岛素对EPN影响及EPN的应用中胰岛素的干预应用提供思路及理论基础。 展开更多
关键词 胰岛素 昆虫 线虫 昆虫病原线虫 共生细菌 生理代谢
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Impact of numerous larval diets on the biology of pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)under laboratory conditions
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作者 AKHTAR Shamim ARIF Muhammad Jalal +1 位作者 GOGI Muhammad Dildar HAQ Imran-ul 《Journal of Cotton Research》 CAS 2024年第1期69-78,共10页
Background Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield losses around the world including Pakistan.Keeping in view the fa... Background Pink bollworm,Pectinophora gossypiella(Saunders)(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)has become a poten-tial pest of cotton by causing substantial yield losses around the world including Pakistan.Keeping in view the facts like limited research investigations,unavailability,and high cost of artificial diet’s constituents and their premixes,the present research investigations on the dietary aspect of P.gossypiella were conducted.The larvae of P.gossypiella were reared on different diets that were prepared using indigenous elements.The standard/laboratory diet com-prised of wheat germ meal 34.5 g,casein 30.0 g,agar–agar 20.0 g,sucrose 10.0 g,brewer’s yeast 5.0 g,α-cellulose 1.0 g,potassium-sorbate1.5 g,niplagin 0.5 g,decavitamin 0.01 g,choline-chloride 0.06 g,maize-oil 3.30 g,honey 2.0 g,and water 730.0 mL.Alternatives to cotton bolls and wheat germ meal were okra seed sprouts,okra fruit,cottonseed meal,and okra seed meals,which were included in the study to introduce an efficient and economic mass-rearing system.Results The larval development completed in 19.68d±0.05 d with a weight of 20.18mg±0.20 mg at the fourth instar fed on the cottonseed meal-based diet instead of wheat germ meal based diet.On the same diet,84.00%±4.00%,17.24 mg±0.03 mg,and 7.76d±0.06 d were recorded as pupae formation,pupal weight,and pupal duration,respectively.Adult emergence,76.00%±1.00%was recorded from pupae collected from larvae raised on cottonseed meal-based diet.These male and female moths lived for 40.25d±0.10 d,and 44.34d±0.11 d,respectively.Females deposited 21.28±0.04 eggs per day with the viability of 65.78%±0.14%.The larval mortal-ity at the fourth instar was 37.20%±1.36%and malformed pupation of 12.00%±1.41%was recorded.Replacement of wheat germ meal with that of local meals(cottonseed and okra seed)in the standard laboratory diet has saved 463.80 to 467.10 PKR with 1.62 to 1.63 cost economic returns,respectively.Conclusion This research is of novel nature as it provides a concise and workable system for the economic and suc-cessful rearing of P.gossypiella under laboratory conditions. 展开更多
关键词 Artificial diets Cottonseed meal Laboratory rearing Pectinophora gossypiella Wheat germ meal
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Effects of Paclobutrazol Seed Priming on Seedlings Quality,Physiological and Bakanae Disease Index Characteristics of Rice(Oryza sativa L.)
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作者 Hossam S.El-Beltagi Mohamed Fathi El-Nady +7 位作者 Adel A.Rezk Abdelaziz M.Tahoon Mohammed I.Al-Daej Dina Abdulmajid Mohamed M.El-Mogy Elsayed Abd Elmaksoud Abomarzoka Sherif Mohamed El-Ganainy Metwaly Mahfouz Salem Metwaly 《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》 SCIE 2024年第10期2535-2556,共22页
Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is one of the most important cereal crops in the world.Bakanae disease is a significant rice disease widely distributed in rice-growing regions worldwide.Therefore,the present investigation aimed ... Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is one of the most important cereal crops in the world.Bakanae disease is a significant rice disease widely distributed in rice-growing regions worldwide.Therefore,the present investigation aimed to assess the optimal concentrations of paclobutrazol(PBZ)as a treatment for rice grains(cv.Sakha 108)to control bakanae disease,also evaluating its impact on grain germination,seedling growth parameters as well as disease index.Paclobutrazol concentrations had no significant impact on seed germination,regardless of whether the seeds were incubated with Fusarium fujikuroi or not.Application of PBZ,either alone or in combination with fungal pathogens,negatively impacted the rice seedlings’height.Paclobutrazol at 25,50 and 100 mg/L,combined with the fungal pathogen positively impacted root length.Paclobutrazol at 3 and 6 mg/L mitigated the adverse impact on chlorophyll pigments content in infected seedlings.The highest proline contents were achieved by 100 mg/L PBZ alone or in combination with fungal pathogens.It has been observed that the application of PBZ,either alone or in combination with a fungal pathogen,leads to the enhancement of catalase,peroxidase,and polyphenol oxidase activities.The median lethal concentration of PBZ was 0.874 mg/L;applying low concentrations of paclobutrazol effectively increased the percentage of fungal growth suppression.Application of PBZ,at higher concentrations(50 and 100 mg/L),decreased infection percentage and disease severity index(DSI)significantly.These findings suggest that PBZ can be an effective treatment for controlling bakanae disease and enhancing resistance in rice plants. 展开更多
关键词 Oryza sativa Fusarium fujikuroi CHLOROPHYLL oxidative enzymes PROLINE photosynthesis rate stomata conductance
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Development of a stable attenuated double-mutant of tobacco mosaic virus for cross-protection
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作者 Xiaojie Xu Shaoyan Jiang +7 位作者 Chunju Liu Xujie Sun Qing Zhu Xiuzhai Chen Pengchao Jiang Fenglong Wang Yanping Tian Xiangdong Li 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第7期2318-2331,共14页
Tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum)and tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)are two major economic crops in China.Tobacco mosaic virus(TMV;genus Tobamovirus)is the most prevalent virus infecting both crops.Currently,some widely cultiva... Tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum)and tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)are two major economic crops in China.Tobacco mosaic virus(TMV;genus Tobamovirus)is the most prevalent virus infecting both crops.Currently,some widely cultivated tobacco and tomato cultivars are susceptible to TMV and there is no effective strategy to control this virus.Cross-protection can be a safe and environmentally friendly strategy to prevent viral diseases.However,stable attenuated TMV mutants are scarce.In this study,we found that the substitutions in the replicase p126,arginine at position 196(R^(196))with aspartic acid(D),glutamic acid at position 614(E^(614))with glycine(G),serine at position 643(S^(643))with phenylalanine(F),or D at position 730(D^(730))with S,significantly reduced the virulence and replication of TMV.However,only the mutation of S^(643) to F reduced the RNA silencing suppression activity of TMV p126.A double-mutant TMV-E614G-S643F induced no visible symptom and was genetically stable through six successive passages in tobacco plants.Furthermore,our results showed that TMV-E614G-S643F double-mutant could provide effective protection against the wild-type TMV infection in tobacco and tomato plants.This study reports a promising mild mutant for cross-protection to control TMV in tobacco and tomato plants. 展开更多
关键词 CROSS-PROTECTION double-mutant p126 tobacco mosaic virus VIRULENCE
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Knock-out of BnHva22c reduces the susceptibility of Brassica napus to infection with the fungal pathogen Verticillium longisporum
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作者 Wanzhi Ye Roxana Hossain +6 位作者 Michael Prbsting Abdallah Abdelmegid Mohamed Ali Lingyue Han Ying Miao Steffen Rietz Daguang Cai Dirk Schenke 《The Crop Journal》 SCIE CSCD 2024年第2期503-514,共12页
Verticillium longisporum(Vl43)is a soilborne hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen causing stem striping on oilseed rape(OSR)and severe yield losses.Breeding for resistant varieties is the most promising approach to control ... Verticillium longisporum(Vl43)is a soilborne hemibiotrophic fungal pathogen causing stem striping on oilseed rape(OSR)and severe yield losses.Breeding for resistant varieties is the most promising approach to control this disease.Here,we report the identification of Hva22c as a novel susceptibility factor and its potential for improving OSR resistance.Hva22c is a member of the Hva22 gene family,originally described for barley(Hordeum vulgare).Several Hva22 members have been located at the endoplasmic reticulum.Hva22c is up-regulated in response to Vl43 in both Arabidopsis and OSR.We demonstrate that knock-out of Hva22c in OSR by CRISPR/Cas9 and its homolog in Arabidopsis by T-DNA insertion reduced plants’susceptibility to Vl43 infection and impaired the development of disease symptoms.To understand the underlying mechanism,we analysed transcriptomic data from infected and non-infected roots of hva22c knock-out and wild type plants.We identified a homozygous mutant with frame-shifts in all four BnHva22c loci displaying a vastly altered transcriptional landscape at 6 dpi.Significantly,a large set of genes was suppressed under mock conditions including genes related to the endomembrane systems.Among the up-regulated genes we found several defense-related and phytohormone-responsive genes when comparing mutant to the wild type.These results demonstrate that Hva22c is functionally required for a fully compatible plant-fungus interaction.Its loss of function reduces plant susceptibility,most likely due to endoplasmatic reticulum and Golgi dysfunction accompanied by additionally activated defense responses.These findings can help improve OSR resistance to V.longisporum infection. 展开更多
关键词 Hva22c Susceptibility factor CRISPR/Cas9 Brassica napus ARABIDOPSIS Verticillium longisporum Resistance breeding
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